Genome Project 
U.S. HGP on Fast Track 
DOE Joint Genome Institute Exceeds Goal 
New 5-Year Goals 
Faster Sequencing with BACs 
Mapping with STCs and STSs 
Availability of BAC Clones and STC Data 
BAC Related Websites 
BAC Resource Success Story 
Scientists Hunt SNPs for Variation, Disease 
Who's Sequencing the Human Genome? 
Genomics Progress in Science 
EMSL Promotes Remote Access to Instrumentation 
Second Private-Sector Sequencing Project 
GeneMap'98 

In the News 
Team Delivers C. elegans Sequence 
Why Sequence Entire Genomes? Worm's Eye View 
Embnet.news on Web 
European Biotech Program 
DOE BER Research Update 
Hollaender Fellows Named 
SBIR 1998 Human Genome Awards Announced 
Mouse Resources 
Mouse Consortium for Functional Genomics 
Chlamydia Genome Analysis 
HUGO Merges Offices, Web Sites 

Microbial Genomics 
Superbug Deinococcus radiodurans 
Unfinished Microbial Genomes Searchable 
TIGR Releases Chlorobium tepidum Sequence 
DOE MGP Abstracts Online 
Microbial TV Series 
 
Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues and Educational Resources 
Cambridge ELSI Symposium 
Eric Lander, Genetics in the 21st Century 
Mark Rothstein, Genetic Privacy 
James Wilson, Gene Therapy Present & Future 
LeRoy Walters, Ethical Issues in Gene Therapy 
DNA Files on NPR, Internet 
Innovative Biotechnology Curriculum 
Short Course for Biology Teachers 
Microbial TV Series 

Proteomics 
Looking at Proteins to Understand Expression 
2-DGE:  Protein Visualization, Modification 
Tool for Protein Analysis 
TREMBL Release 6 
R&D 100 Award Goes to LANL's SOLVE 
NIH Awards Proteomics Grant to Axys 
E. coli Proteome Database 

Genetics in Medicine 
National Organization for Rare Disorders 
Translation of Genetics to Medicine: New Website 
Cancer Genetics Web Site 
HuGem Website Offers Education in New Genetics 
Calculation of Genetic Risks 2nd Edition 
New Genetics Manual Offered 
Mutation Research Genomics Online 
 
Informatics 
GDB Database Operations Restored 
In Silico Biology: Bioinformatics Journal 
Computational Methods Book Available 
Bioinformatics Guide
BioToolKit
Gene-Finding Programs at Sanger
New Sequin Version
Tandem Repeat Tool
Sequence Viewer
SmithKline Licenses Gene Logic Software 
Influenza Database at LANL 
TRANSFAC Database 
p53 Mutation Database 
TBASE at Jackson Laboratory 
Intein Database on Web 
System Identifies Polymorphisms 

Web, Other Resources, Publications 
1999 Oakland Workshop Website 
Launchpad to Human Chromosomes 
Nature Genetics Supplement 

Funding 
DOE Office of Science Grants and Contracts 
NHGRI National Service Award Fellowships 
NCI Technologies for Molecular Analysis 
NIH: Netork for Large-Scale Mouse Sequencing 
NHGRI: Genomic Technology Development 
US Genome Research Funding 

Meeting Calendars & Acronyms 
Genome and Biotechnology Meetings 
Training Courses and Workshops 
Acronyms 

HGN archives and subscriptions 
HGP Information home

Five-Year Research Goals of the U.S. Human Genome Project

October 1, 1998 to September 30, 2003

Note: For more on the Five Year Research Goals, see the website.

Human DNA Sequence

• Achieve coverage of at least 90% of the genome in a working draft based on mapped clones by the end of 2001.
• Finish one-third of the human DNA sequence by the end of 2001.
• Finish the complete human genome sequence by the end of 2003.
• Make the sequence totally and freely accessible.

Sequencing Technology

• Continue to increase the throughput and reduce the cost of current sequencing technology.
• Support research on novel technologies that can lead to significant improvements in sequencing technology.
• Develop effective methods for the advanced development and introduction of new sequencing technologies into the sequencing process.

Human Genome Sequence Variation

• Develop technologies for rapid, large-scale identification and/or scoring of single nucleotide polymorphisms and other DNA sequence variants.
• Identify common variants in the coding regions of the majority of identified genes during this five-year period.
• Create a SNP map of at least 100,000 markers.
• Develop the intellectual foundations for studies of sequence variation.
• Create public resources of DNA samples and cell lines.

Functional Genomics Technology

• Generate sets of full-length cDNA clones and sequences that represent human genes and model organisms.
• Support research on methods for studying functions of nonprotein-coding sequences.
• Develop technology for comprehensive analysis of gene expression.
• Improve methods for genome-wide mutagenesis.
• Develop technology for large-scale protein analyses.

Comparative Genomics

• Complete the sequence of the roundworm C. elegans genome by 1998.
• Complete the sequence of the fruitfly Drosophila genome by 2002.
• Develop an integrated physical and genetic map for the mouse, generate additional mouse cDNA resources, and complete the sequence of the mouse genome by 2008.
• Identify other useful model organisms and support appropriate genomic studies.

Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues

• Examine issues surrounding the completion of the human DNA sequence and the study of human genetic variation.
• Examine issues raised by the integration of genetic technologies and information into health care and public health activities.
• Examine issues raised by the integration of knowledge about genomics and gene-environment interactions in non-clinical settings.
• Explore how new genetic knowledge may interact with a variety of philosophical, theological, and ethical perspectives.
• Explore how racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic factors affect the use, understanding, and interpretation of genetic information; the use of genetic services; and the development of policy.

Bioinformatics and Computational Biology

• Improve content and utility of databases.
• Develop better tools for data generation, capture, and annotation.
• Develop and improve tools and databases for comprehensive functional studies.
• Develop and improve tools for representing and analyzing sequence similarity and variation.
• Create mechanisms to support effective approaches for producing robust, exportable software that can be widely shared.

Training and Manpower

• Nurture the training of scientists skilled in genomics research.
• Encourage the establishment of academic career paths for genomic scientists.
• Increase the number of scholars who are knowledgeable in both genomic and genetic sciences and in ethics, law, or the social sciences.

The electronic form of the newsletter may be cited in the following style:
Human Genome Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Human Genome News (v10n1-2).