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Foreword This project developed an experimental design and instrumentation plan, and conducted a pilot field trial test of commercial truck drivers reactions to fatigue management technologies (FMT) under current Federally-mandated hours of service in both Canada and the United States. The project sought to experimentally determine how drivers engaged in over-the-road trucking operations reacted to a number of promising fatigue management technologies, and whether the technologies would improve the alertness and fatigue awareness of commercial truck drivers and increase their sleep time, by providing them with information feedback about their sleep, drowsiness level, and driving performance. Although the report can be helpful to the general public in understanding fatigue management technologies, the report is primarily targeted towards commercial motor carriers and their drivers. This publication is considered a final report and does not supersede another publication. Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein only because they are considered essential to the object of this document. Technical Report Documentation Page (Form 1700.7)
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1. Report No.
FMCSA-RT-05-002
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2. Government Accession No. |
3. Recipient's Catalog No.
| 4. Title and Subtitle:
Pilot Test of Fatigue Management Technologies
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5. Report Date:
April 2005
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| 6. Performing Organization Code |
7. Author(s):
David F. Dinges (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA); Greg Maislin (University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Statistical Consulting); Gerald P. Krueger (Krueger Ergonomics Consultants); Rebecca Brewster (American Transportation Research Institute); and Robert J. Carroll (Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration).
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8. Performing Organization Report No. | 9. Performing Organization Name and Address:
American Transportation Research Institute
1800 Lake Park Drive, Suite 123
Smyrna, GA 30080 | 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)
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11. Contract or Grant No.
DTFH61-96-X-00022 |
12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address:
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
400 Virginia Ave. SW, Suite 600
Washington, DC 20024
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Co-Sponsoring Agency and Address:
Transport Canada
Transportation Development Centre
800 René-Lévesque Blvd. West, Suite 600
Montréal, Québec H3B 1X9
Canada
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13. Type of Report and Period Covered
Final Report; October 1998 April 2005
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MC-RRR
| 15. Supplementary Notes:
Robert J. Carroll was the FMCSA COTR for this project. | 16. Abstract:
This project developed an experimental design and instrumentation plan, and conducted a pilot field trial test of commercial truck drivers' reactions to fatigue management technologies (FMT) under current Federally-mandated, hours of service in both Canada (phase 1) and the United States (phase 2). The project sought to experimentally determine how drivers engaged in over-the-road trucking operations reacted to a number of promising fatigue management technologies, and whether the technologies would improve the alertness and fatigue awareness of commercial truck drivers and increase their sleep time, by providing them information feedback about changes in sleep need, in drowsiness and in driving performance. It was hypothesized that the use of FMT would result in objectively more sleep and improved driver alertness and performance while driving. A Canadian trucking company and an American trucking company agreed to allow their trucks to be instrumented with the fatigue management technologies. Their drivers were solicited for participation after the protocol, procedures and informed consents were reviewed and approved by the Canadian Research Ethics Board and by the Institutional Review Board of The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Overall, participant drivers were positive toward the FMT approach in general and felt that if such technologies could be further improved, they would be of benefit in helping manage fatigue and alertness. | 17. Key Words:
Commercial motor vehicle, crash risk, fatigue management technologies, fatigue management technology, sleep disorder, truck driver |
18. Distribution Statement
No restrictions.
| 19. Security Classif. (of this report)
Unclassified | 20. Security Classif. (of this page)
Unclassified | 21. No. of Pages:
436 | 22. Price |
SI* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS
APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS
| Symbol | When You Know | Multiply By | To Find | Symbol |
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| LENGTH |
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| In | inches | 25.4 | millimeters | mm | | Ft | feet | 0.305 | meters | m | | Yd | yards | 0.914 | meters | m | | Mi | miles | 1.61 | kilometers | km | | AREA |
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| in2 | square inches | 645.2 | square millimeters | mm2 | | ft2 | square feet | 0.093 | square meters | m2 | | yd2 | square yards | 0.836 | square meters | m2 | | Ac | acres | 0.405 | hectares | ha | | mi2 | square miles | 2.59 | square kilometers | km2 | | VOLUME |
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| fl oz | fluid ounces | 29.57 | milliliters | ml | | Gal | gallons | 3.785 | liters | l | | ft33 | cubic feet | 0.028 | cubic meters | m3 | | yd3 | cubic yards | 0.765 | cubic meters | m3 | | MASS |
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| Oz | ounces | 28.35 | grams | g | | Lb | pounds | 0.454 | kilograms | kg | | T | short tons (2000 lbs) | 0.907 | megagrams | Mg | | TEMPERATURE (exact) |
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| F | Fahrenheit | 5(F-32)/9 | Celsius | C | | | temperature | or (F-32)/1.8 | temperature | | | ILLUMINATION |
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| Fc | foot-candles | 10.76 | lux | lx | | Fl | foot-Lamberts | 3.426 | candela/m2 | cd/m2 | | FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
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| Lbf | pound-force | 4.45 | newtons | N | | Psi | pound-force per square inch | 6.89 | kilopascals | kPa |
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APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS
| Symbol | When You Know | Multiply By | To Find | Symbol |
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| LENGTH |
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| mm | millimeters | 0.039 | inches | in | | m | meters | 3.28 | feet | ft | | m | meters | 1.09 | Yards | yd | | km | kilometers | 0.621 | miles | mi | | AREA |
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| mm2 | square millimeters | 0.0016 | square inches | in2 | | m2 | square meters | 10.764 | square feet | ft2 | | m2 | square meters | 1.195 | square yards | yd2 | | ha | hectares | 2.47 | acres | ac | | km2 | square kilometers | 0.386 | square miles | mi2 | | VOLUME |
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| ml | milliliters | 0.034 | fluid ounces | fl oz | | l | liters | 0.264 | gallons | gal | | m3 | cubic meters | 35.71 | cubic feet | ft3 | | m3 | cubic meters | 1.307 | cubic yards | yd3 | | MASS |
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| g | grams | 0.035 | ounces | oz | | kg | kilograms | 2.202 | pounds | lb | | Mg | megagrams | 1.103 | short tons (2000 lbs) | T | | TEMPERATURE (exact) |
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| C | Celsius | 1.8 C + 32 | Fahrenheit | F | | | temperature | | temperature | | | ILLUMINATION |
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| lx | lux | 0.0929 | foot-candles | fc | | cd/m2 | candela/m2 | 0.2919 | foot-Lamberts | fl | | FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS |
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| N | newtons | 0.225 | pound-force | lbf | | kPa | kilopascals | 0.145 | pound-force per square inch | psi |
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* SI is the symbol for the International System of Units. Appropriate rounding should be made to comply with Section 4 of ASTM E380. Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | PDF
- HTML | 1.0 Purpose of Project | PDF
- HTML | 2.0 Fatigue Management Technologies Selected for Study | PDF
- HTML | 3.0 Study Design | PDF
- HTML | 4.0 Subjects | PDF
- HTML | 5.0 Procedures and Methods | PDF
- HTML | 6.0 Results of Feedback from FMT Technologies: Canada Phase | PDF
- HTML | 7.0 U.S. Phase | PDF
- HTML | 8.0 Results of Feedback from FMT Technologies: U.S. Phase | PDF
- HTML | 9.0 Sleepwatch ® ( Actigraphy) Measure of Sleep on Workdays and Non-Workdays | PDF
- HTML | 10.0 Human Factors Structured Interview Questionnaire: Canada Phase and U.S. Phase | PDF
- HTML | Tables(2 - 17) Canada Study Phase 1 results | PDF
- HTML | Tables(18 - 33) U.S. Study Phase 2 results | PDF
- HTML | Tables(34 - 79) Pooled Data (Canada Study Phase 1 and U.S. Study Phase 2) | PDF
- HTML | Acknowledgments | PDF
- HTML | APPENDICES | Appendix A: Photos of FMT Hardware | PDF - HTML | Appendix B: Instructional Materials for Drivers in Study | PDF - HTML | Appendix C-1:Canada Data Quality Control Tables | PDF - HTML | Appendix C-2:U.S. Data Quality Control Tables | PDF - HTML | Appendix D-1 :Canada Study Phase 1 results from PVT Performance | PDF - HTML | Appendix D-2 :U.S. Study Phase 2 results from PVT Performance | PDF - HTML | Appendix E-1 :Canada Study Phase 1 results from Daily Diary | PDF - HTML | Appendix E-2 :U.S. Study Phase 2 results from Daily Diary | PDF - HTML | Appendix F-1 :Canada results from Human Factors Questionnaire | PDF - HTML | Appendix F-2 :U.S. results from Human Factors Questionnaire | PDF - HTML |
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