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This report presents HIV surveillance data collected by state and local health departments in the United States and reported to CDC. Although Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and other U.S. dependencies, possessions, and independent nations in free association with the United States participate in the national HIV surveillance program, data from those areas are excluded from this report because of the absence of comparable metropolitan area designations in those areas.
CDC publishes both reported case data and estimated case data for HIV and AIDS. Reported cases reflect the number of cases reported in a given period (usually a calendar year), regardless of when they were diagnosed. Estimated cases are the reported cases with appropriate adjustments applied to account for delays in reporting. Estimated cases reflect the number of cased diagnosed and reported within a given period (usually a calendar year). For estimated HIV data, only those areas that have conducted name-based HIV surveillance for at least four years are included; this is to allow for stabilization of the data.
Geographic Designations
Geographic regions of residence included in this report are defined as follows.
Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont
Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin
South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia
West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming
Inclusion of Areas with Mature Name-Based HIV
Reporting
The inclusion of areas with mature confidential name-based HIV reporting for the tabulation of HIV infection (not AIDS) data was based on the date HIV reporting was implemented in the area. The areas with confidential name-based HIV reporting since at least 2003 include: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
Transmission Categories
For surveillance purposes, cases of HIV/AIDS, HIV infection (not AIDS), and AIDS are counted only once in a hierarchy of transmission categories. Persons
with more than one reported risk factor for HIV are classified in the transmission category listed first in the hierarchy. The exception is men who report both sexual contact with other men and injection drug use; this group makes up a separate transmission category.
Persons whose transmission category is classified as male-to-male sexual contact include men who report sexual contact with other men (i.e., homosexual contact) and men who report sexual contact with both men and women (i.e., bisexual contact). Persons whose transmission category is classified as high-risk heterosexual contact are persons who report specific heterosexual contact with a person known to have, or to be at high risk for, HIV infection (for example, an injection drug user).
Tables and figures showing estimated data by HIV transmission category have been adjusted based on the redistribution of transmission category梑y specific
sex, race, and region梠f cases that were diagnosed
3 to 10 years earlier as no identified risk but were later reclassified [1,2].
References
- CDC.
Guidelines for national human immunodeficiency virus case surveillance,
including monitoring for huma immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
MMWR 1999;48(RR-13):29�.
- Neal JJ, Fleming PL, Green TA, Ward JW.
Trends in heterosexually
acquired AIDS in the United States, 1988 through 1995.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol
1997;14:465�4.
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