Drought Overview
Numerous resources are available to producers to assist them as they manage their farms or ranches in the event of drought as well as to protect their assets in the event of a drought. This resource list is designed to accompany the ATTRA Drought PowerPoint Presentations. It initially provides a list of journals and Web sites providing information on general farm management practices that can help mitigate the impacts of drought conditions. This list is followed by primarily U.S. Web sites providing climate and weather information that can help producers track the potential or progress of droughts. Finally, most states have Web sites that provide research and farm management information related to drought conditions. Many also provide contact information for sources of financial assistance that producers can access if they lose crops or animals during a drought.
Table of Contents
Drought Introduction
Drought Introduction Power Point Presentation [PDF / 354 kb]
An introduction to droughts, impacts on soils, crops, and animals with an overview of management practices to lessen the impacts of drought.
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Drought Overview
Drought and Weather
National Agricultural Library
www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/drought.html
List of links to programs and bibliography of reports and research papers on drought.
Drought Management on Farmland
Witmore, J.S. 1995. Water Science and Technology Library.
Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht.
Amber Waves: A Sourcebook for Sustainable Dryland Farming in the Northwestern United States.
Granatstein, David. 1992. XB 1025. College of Agriculture and Home Economics Research Center, Washington State University. Pullman, WA. 82 p.
Chapters cover moisture management, soil quality, crop rotations in dryland farming, moisture management, and a resource guide to dryland farming in the northwest U.S.
Jornada Experimental Range
USDA Research Station, New Mexico State University.
http://usda-ars.nmsu.edu/
Research on the ecology and ecosystem management of semi-arid range environments.
SAHRA—Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas
www.sahra.arizona.edu/
Multidisciplinary, collaborative program promoting the sustainable management of water resources in semi-arid regions, through stakeholder-driven interdisciplinary research, aggressive public outreach, and strong education initiatives.
International Arid Lands Consortium
http://ialcworld.org/
Promotes cooperative research and practical application of new knowledge to develop sustainable ecological practices for arid lands.
Management of Agricultural Drought
Saxena, N.P. (ed.) 2003. Science Publishers, Inc. Plymouth, UK.
The Performance of Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems in an Extreme Climate Year.
Lotter, D.W., R. Seidel, and W. Liebhardt. 2003. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture. Vol. 18 No. 3.
Describes how higher water intake by organically managed soil, compared to conventionally managed soils, resulted in significantly greater corn and soybean yields. It also promoted greater weed growth.
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Drought Monitoring and Mitigation
National Drought Mitigation Center
University of Nebraska—Lincoln
www.drought.unl.edu/index.htm
Provides information on monitoring, mitigating, planning for drought and understanding your risks for drought conditions. Numerous links to technical and financial assistance programs and weather information from around the country. Also includes contact information for state drought coordinators and government organizations involved in drought monitoring and mitigation.
Defending Against Drought
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
www.nrcs.usda.gov/feature/highlights/drought.html
Links to maps of drought-monitor Web pages and current drought conditions throughout the U.S.
National Water and Climate Center
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/wcc.html
Weekly report on snowpack and drought conditions. Links to Soil Climate Analysis Network sites across the U.S.
Stream and Groundwater Conditions
US Geological Survey
http://water.usgs.gov/waterwatch/index.html
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/current/?type=gw
Current water resources conditions and links to stream-flow data listed by state.
Soil Moisture Monitoring
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/soilmst/
Soil moisture and runoff maps at the scale of the entire U.S.
Surf Your Watershed
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
www.epa.gov/surf/
Watershed indicators and stream flow listed by watershed.
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Climate and Weather Information
National Weather Service
http://weather.gov/
Weather conditions, advisories, and warnings for locations across the U.S.
Climate Data
National Climate Data Center
http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/monitoring.html
Links to current and historical climate data, drought maps, snow pack, and weather trends.
National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration—Drought Information Center
www.drought.noaa.gov/
Drought severity maps, monthly precipitation indices, soil moisture maps, crop moisture indices, and drought indicator assessments.
National Drought Information
http://wwwagwx.ca.uky.edu/drought.html
Weather forecasts by county and city for locations across the U.S.
National Weather Service—Climate Prediction Center
www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/index.html
Access to drought monitoring information and indicators.
NOAA/USDA-Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin www.usda.gov/oce/waob/jawf/wwcb.html
State summaries of weather forecasts and impacts on crop production.
Regional Climate Centers
www.wrh.noaa.gov/
Provides weather information, river levels, hazardous conditions, and weather emergency preparedness information for weather stations across the country.
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Drought Financial Assistance
Federal Disaster Assistance for Farmers
http://flaginc.org/topics/pubs/index.php
Order form for publication by the Farmers' Legal Action Group, Inc.
What to do Before You Call for Federal Disaster Relief www.ag.uiuc.edu/%7Edisaster/facts/relief.html
Farm Service Agency Online
http://disaster.fsa.usda.gov/fsa.asp
Disaster Assistance programs in the event of floods, drought, or severe storms.
Catalogue of Federal Drought Assistance Programs
www.fsa.usda.gov/indc/programs.pdf
National Drought Council
www.fsa.usda.gov/indc/
Emergency Loan Program Factsheet
www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/emer02.htm
Disaster Debt Set-Aside Program
www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/debtset02.htm
Hay Net
www.fsa.usda.gov/haynet/
Venue for the exchange of information regarding sources of and needs for hay in the event of drought.
Non-Insured Crop Disaster Insurance Program www.fsa.usda.gov/pas/publications/facts/html/nap99.htm
USDA Drought Information and Assistance
http://drought.fsa.usda.gov/
Provides links to information and maps to assist in drought preparedness.
USDA Disaster Assistance
http://disaster.fsa.usda.gov/fsa.asp
Federal programs that provide assistance in the event of a declared disaster.
Federal Emergency Management Agency
www.fema.gov
Lists active disaster areas and assistance available to people affected by proclaimed disasters.
Texas Drought Resource Information Packet
www.agr.state.tx.us/Aus-10test-wwwproducer_infohay_grazingAGRICULTURAL_DISASTER_ASSISTANCE.pdf
A comprehensive list of resources, some specific to Texas, but many federal or national in scope: good information on the environmental, social, and economic costs of droughts as well as diagrams outlining processes used to declare an emergency.
Drought Financial Management
http://ag.arizona.edu/extension/drought/financial.html
Financial management information and worksheets for livestock producers.
Tax Issues after a Drought
North Dakota State University
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/taxes.htm
Guidelines for crop loss and livestock sales.
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Soil Management
Soil Health and Drought Power Point Presentation [PDF / 812 kb]
Soil management and tillage practices to conserve water and maintain conditions for productive crop and forage growth during droughts.
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ATTRA Publications
Soil Management
Tillage and Crop Management
Pasture Soil Management
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Soil Quality
Soil Quality. Managing Soil for Today and Tomorrow
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service
http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/
Soil quality technical notes for agronomic and rangeland production practices: documents addressing the benefits of sod-based rotations and relationships between soil biology and land management.
Healthy Soils
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/land/practices_e.htm
Beneficial practices that conserve soil quality. Includes soil management practices to reduce the impacts of stress conditions, such as drought.
Building Soils for Better Crops
Magdoff, Fred, and Harold van Es. 2000. Second Edition. SAN. Beltsville, MD.
www.sare.org/publications/bsbc/bsbc.pdf
Available from SAN for $19.95
www.sare.org/publications/index.htm
Contains detailed information about soil structure and the management practices that affect soils, as well as practical information like how to interpret soil test results.
Soil Biological Communities
Bureau of Land Management / National Sciences and Technology Center
www.blm.gov/nstc/soil/index.html
Provides a detailed and illustrated description of the soil food web and roles played by various microorganisms in the soil.
Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health
Pellant, Mike, Patrick Shaver, David A. Pyke, and Jeffrey E. Herrick. 2000. Version 3. 1734-6. United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, National Science and Technology Center, Information and Communications Group. Denver, CO. 111 p. www.blm.gov/nstc/library/pdf/1734-6.pdf
Indicators for monitoring the soil and forage health of rangelands. Includes erosion indicators, soil compaction, plant diversity, plant litter over soil surface, invasive plants, and plant productivity.
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Soil Management for Water Conservation
Organic Crop Production: Soil Conservation Practices
Agriculture, Food and Rural Revitalization. Saskatchewan, Canada. 1996.
www.agr.gov.sk.ca/docs/organics/organicsoil.asp
Describes use of conservation tillage practices, extended crop rotations, wind barriers, and green manure crops as methods for protecting soil against erosion, increasing soil water-holding capacity, and enhancing soil health.
Technologies affecting soil water. Chapter VIII- Water-Related Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture in U.S. Arid/Semiarid Lands
Office of Technology Assessment. OTA-F-212. Washington D.C. October 1983.
www.wws.princeton.edu/cgi-bin/byteserv.prl/~ota/disk3/1983/8331/833102.PDF
Discusses soil types in arid regions, mulching, conservation tillage, development of saline seeps, irrigation, and leaching practices.
Soil and Water Conservation in Semi-Arid Areas
Hudson, Nornan. W. 1987. Silsoe Associates, Ampthill, Bedford, United Kingdom. FAO Land and Water Development Division. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome
www.fao.org/docrep/T0321E/t0321e00.htm
Describes and illustrates methods of soil and water conservation appropriate for arid areas. Oriented towards practices in tropical areas of lesser-developed countries. However, principles are applicable to small-scale agricultural practices in the U.S.
Managing Soils to Achieve Greater Water Use Efficiency: A Review
Hatfield, Jerry L., Thomas J. Sauer, and John H. Prueger. 2001. Agronomy Journal. Volume 93. No. 2. p. 271-280.
http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/2/271
Addresses methods for increasing water use efficiency through tillage, the adoption of more intensive cropping systems in semiarid environments, increased plant populations in more temperate and humid environments, and by modifying nutrient management practices.
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Cover Crops and Cover Cropping Practices
Managing Cover Crops Profitably
Sustainable Agriculture Network. 2 nd Edition. 1998. SAN. Beltsville, MD.
www.sare.org/publications/covercrops/covercrops.pdf
Also available from SAN for $19.
www.sare.org/publications/index.htm
Describes 20 cover crops, their use, planting range, and management.
Summer Cover Crops
Cramer, N.G. 1999. North Carolina State University.
Horticulture Information Leaflets.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/hil/hil-37.html
Describes use of cover crop crops in vegetable production systems and benefits they provide to enhancing soil organic matter, decreasing erosion, reducing weed growth, and facilitating nutrient recycling.
Cover Crops for Vegetable Growers
Marr, Charles W., Rhonda Janke, and Paul Conway. 1998.
Commercial Vegetable Production. Kentucky State University.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/hort2/MF2343.PDF
A detailed production and management guide to the selection and use of cover crops for soil and fertility management in organic vegetable production systems.
Selecting the Right Cover Crop Gives Multiple Benefits
Ingels, Chuck A., Mark Van Horn, Robert L. Bugg, and P. Rick Miller. 1994. California Agriculture. Vol. 48, No. 5. p. 43-48.
www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop/CCPubs/SelectingCoverCrop.html
Describes benefits of cover crop in nutrient cycling and pest management but warns that cover crops can compete with the main crop for soil water. Discusses how to choose appropriate cover crops for cropping system.
Cover Crops in Agriculture: An Old New Concept
USDA Agricultural Research Service. Sustainable Agricultural Systems.
www.ba.ars.usda.gov/sasl/research/covercrops.html
Describe nutrient management and weed suppression benefits of cover crops and discusses methods for managing and terminating the growth of cover crops for use with minimum tillage practices. Also describes common cover crops and how to choose species appropriate for your production practices.
UC SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page
University of California. Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program.
www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop
Includes a searchable cover crop database and two cover cropping slide shows, one on cover cropping in vineyards and orchards and the other on cover cropping in row and filed crop systems.
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Conservation Tillage
Crop Residue Management
Conservation Tillage Information Center. Purdue University. www.ctic.purdue.edu/CTIC/Catalog/CropResidueManagement.html
List of publications, contacts, and other resources on conservation tillage methods and crop residue management.
Tillage Techniques that can Save Moisture
Franzen, Dave. 1997. Drought Strategies. DS-4-97.
North Dakota State University Extension Service. Fargo, ND.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/ds-4-97.htm
Impact of different tillage methods on amount of moisture lost to evaporation.
Conservation Tillage Offers New Hope
DeQuattro, Jim. 1997. Sustaining agriculture in drought years.
Agricultural Research. January 1997. p. 4-9.
www.ars.usda.gov/is/ar/archive/jan97/sustain.pdf
Profiles Texas farmers who maintained crop yields during droughts by implementing conservation tillage practices.
Reduced Tillage Systems for Arizona Cotton Growers
Coates, Wayne E., and Gary W. Thacker. 1996. The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Service. Tucson, AZ.
www.ag.arizona.edu/crops/equipment/reducedtillage.html
Uprooter-shredder-mulcher and stalk puller conservation tillage practices were compared to conventional tillage practices. The alternative methods conserved energy and soil resources while producing similar cotton yields to the conventional method.
Zero-Till Shines in Drought
Lenssen, Andy, Bill Grey, Sue Blodgett, and Greg Johnson. 2003. University News for Montana State University. Bozeman, MT.
www.montana.edu/commserv/csnews/nwview.php?article=758
Studies conducted on dryland wheat cropping systems determined that diverse crop rotations can improve spring wheat yield and quality, while a combination of diverse crop rotations and zero-tillage can help manage weeds and diseases and leave sufficient after-harvest residue to protect the soil from wind and water erosion.
Proceedings of AERO's Soil-Building Cropping Systems
Hilander, Sally K. (ed.). 1989. Alternative Energy Resources Organization.
Lewistown, MT. 55 p.
Short presentations on conservation tillage, crop residue management, alternatives to summer fallow, and moisture capture and conservation practices applicable to the arid northern and western states.
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Alternatives to Summer Fallow
Making the Most of Limited Water
Brandt, S.A., B.G.M. Conkey, and H.W. Cutforth. 1998. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Saskatchewan Soil Conservation Association.
http://ssca.usask.ca/conference/1997proceedings/Brandt.html
Recommends leaving stubble on soil surface to catch and retain snowfall and enhance water infiltration. Also notes that proper fertilization of crops increases water use efficiency.
Water Use in a Modified Summer Fallow System on Semiarid Northern Great Plains
Aase, J.K., J.R. Pikul., and L. Joseph. Agricultural
Research Service. Tektran. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(99)00062-1
A comparison of various forage, bean, and oilseed crops indicated that annual forages had the highest water use efficiency, while sunflower and safflower had the lowest.
Soil Water Storage in Dryland Cropping Systems: The significance of cropping intensification
Farahani, H.J., G.A. Peterson, D.G. Westfall, L.A. Sherrod, and L.R. Ahuja. 1998. Soil Science Society of America Journal. Vol. 62. p. 984-991.
Research showed that growing corn or sorghum during the summer increased water use efficiency over summer fallow practices in winter wheat production systems.
Dryland Cropping Intensification: A fundamental solution to efficient use of precipitation
Farahani, H.J., G.A. Peterson, D.G. Westfall. 1998. Advances in Agronomy. Vol. 64. p. 197-223.
Detailed discussion of the impact of substituting summer produced crops for summer fallows on soil moisture and efficiency of water use.
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Water-Use Efficient and Drought-Tolerant Crops
Water-Use Efficiency of Canola in Victoria
Grey, D. n.d. Agriculture Victoria, Rutherglen.
www.csu.edu.au/special/agronomy/papers/181/181.html
Alternative Crops during a Drought
North Dakota State University.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/altcrops.htm
Meeting forage and grain needs in an emergency.
Sunflower: An efficient water user
National Sunflower Association.
www.sunflowernsa.com/magazine/archive_details.asp?Cat=11
Drought Planning and Management
Sustainable Management of Rangeland Resources
University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Service
www.wyorange.net/
Links to information about sorghum, Sudan grass, and foxtail millet as water use efficient forages.
Low Water-Use Plants
University of Arizona
http://ag.arizona.edu/yavapai/anr/hort/xeriscape/
Coping with Watering Restrictions in the Landscape
Wade, Gary L. University of Georgia College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences Cooperative Extension Service
http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/horticulture/Drought.html
Low Water Use Plants for Kansas Landscapes
Kansas State University
www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/hort2/mf2067.pdf
List of Drought Tolerant Annuals
University of Maryland
www.agnr.umd.edu/ipmnet/02WMdry.pdf
List of Drought Tolerant Plants
University of Massachusetts www.umassgreeninfo.org/fact_sheets/plant_culture/drought_tolerant_plants.pdf
Drought Tolerant Plants for North Carolina Landscapes
Powell, M.A., and T.M. Disy. 1996. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, AG 508-3.
www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/publicat/wqwm/ag508_3/
Drought Tolerant Plants of the Pacific Northwest
www.molbaks.com/infopages/drought.pdf
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Planting and Drought
Dry Spring Conditions, Considerations before Deciding to Replant
Ransom, Joel K. 2003. DS-6-97. Drought Strategies. North Dakota State University Extension Service. Fargo, ND.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/ds-6-97.htm
Dry Seedbeds Require Special Tactics, or Rain
Berglund, Duane. 2003. Drought Strategies.
North Dakota State University Extension Service. Fargo, ND. www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/planting.htm
Soil Management following Drought
New South Wales, Australia AgNote.
www.agric.nsw.gov.au/reader/5860
Fertilization, tillage, and pasture management to protect soils and enhance their productivity during and after drought conditions.
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Pest Management & Drought
Water Conservation, Weed Control Go Hand in Hand
Parker, Robert. 2003. Drought Advisory. EM4856. Washington State University Cooperative Extension. Pullman, WA.
http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/em4856/em4856.pdf
Stresses impact of water competition by weeds on crop growth. Notes that pre-plant herbicides require moisture to be taken up by weeds and be effective in their action.
Drought—When Weeds Can Become Friends
Zollinger, Richard. 2003. DS-20-97. Drought Strategies. North Dakota State University Extension Service. Fargo, ND.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/ds-20-97.htm
Describes how weeds can be beneficial as an alternative forage and as a cover crop during times of drought.
Grasshopper Management under Drought Conditions
North Dakota State University Extension Service. Department of Entomology. 2003. DS-1-97. Fargo. ND.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/ds-1-97.htm
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Horticultural Crops & Drought
Drought Management for Horticultural Crops
Stein, Larry A. 1996. Aggie-Horticulture. Texas A & M University. College Station, TX.
http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/plantanswers/drought/cropmgmt.html
Drought Advisory for Vegetable Crops
Sorensen, Erik J. 2001. EM4830. Washington State University Cooperative Extension. Pullman, WA.
http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/em4830/em4830.pdf
Drought Advisory for Vegetable Production
Kee, Ed, Wilton Cook, Darbie Granberry, Herman Hohlt, and Doug Sanders. 1994. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/disaster/drought/dro-13.html
Offsetting Drought for Small-Scale Vegetable Production
Niedziela Jr., Carl E., Robert O. Evans, Douglas C. Sanders, and Wilfred R. Jester. 1994. AG-519-4. DRO-16. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. Raleigh, NC.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/disaster/drought/dro-16.html
Drought Management for Horticultural Crops
Aggie-Horticulture. Texas A & M University. College Station, TX.
http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/plantanswers/drought/cropmgmt.html
Drought Effects on Apple Trees
Miller, Diane. 1999. Ohio Fruit ICM News. Volume 3 No. 27. p. 3-7.
http://ipm.osu.edu/fruit/icm27.htm#linkg
Strawberry Renovation in a Drought
Demchak, Kathy. 1999. Ohio Fruit ICM News. Vol. 3, No. 27. p. 3.
http://ipm.osu.edu/fruit/icm27.htm#linke
Texas SmartScape
www.txsmartscape.com/index_alt.asp
An interactive how-to guide for low-water landscaping. Also available as a CD.
Backyard Gardener. Drought Tolerant Plants
www.backyardgardener.com/dry/
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Pasture Health and Drought Protection
Pasture Health and Drought Protection Power Point Presentation
[PDF / 599 kb]
Rotational grazing practices and forage management to protect pasture resources prior to, during, and following a drought.
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ATTRA Publications
Pasture Soil Management
Rotational Grazing
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Healthy Pasture Management
Drought, Water, Forages and Cattle
Water, Forage and Beef Specialists. 2002.
www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$Department/deptdocs.nsf/all/webdoc3942
Use of sealed dugout holes for capturing snow melt water, residue management in pastures to conserve water, and avoiding early grazing to promote healthy root growth of forages.
Drought Facts, Drought, Drought Mitigation, and Drought Preparedness
Ojos Negros Research Group. 021104. Ojos Negros Research Group. California. http://threeissues.sdsu.edu/three_issues_droughtfacts04.html
Information on drought mitigation, including soil and water conservation and herd management during a drought.
Rangelands West
www.rangelandswest.org/
Grazing Lands Conservation Initiative
www.glci.org/
University of Minnesota Grazing Systems Planning Guide
www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/livestocksystems/components/DI7606.pdf
University of Wisconsin
www.uwrf.edu/grazing/
Missouri Forage Systems Research Center
http://aes.missouri.edu/fsrc/research/index.stm
North Dakota Grassland Range reports
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/dickinso/grassland/rangrpt.htm
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Irrigation
Irrigation Power Point Presentation [PDF / 673 kb]
Sustainable irrigation practices and methods for protecting soil and water quality when using irrigation.
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Irrigation Guides
Best Management Practices for Irrigation Management
Waskom, Reagan M. 1994. Colorado State University Cooperative Extension. Ft. Collins, CO.
www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/crops/xcm173.pdf
NRCS Irrigation Page
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service/National Water and Climate Center
www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/nrcsirrig/
Soil Water Monitoring and Measurement
Ley, Thomas W., Robert G. Stevens, Richard R. Topielec, and W. Howard Neibling. 1994. Washington State University Cooperative Extension; Oregon State University Extension Service; the University of Idaho Cooperative Extension System, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. PNW 475 A Pacific Northwest Publication.
http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/pnw0475/pnw0475.html
A Ready Reference for Irrigation Manual of Practice
Ronald E. Hermanson, and Peter Canessa. 1995. Washington State University Cooperative Extension. EB1810. Pullman, WA.
http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/eb1810/eb1810.html
Irrigation Scheduling Checkbook Method
Wright, Jerry. 2002. University of Minnesota.
www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/DC1322.html
Description of and examples for use of the checkbook method for scheduling irrigation.
Watertight
Center for Irrigation Technology and Advanced Technology Information Network
California Agriculture Technology Institute. California State University, Fresno, CA
www.wateright.org/
An education and irrigation scheduling resource for water managers.
Determining a Framework, Terms and Definitions for Water Use Efficiency in Irrigation
Barrett Purcell and Associates Pty Ltd. 1999. Land and Water Resources Research Corporation. Narrabri, NSW, Australia.
http://products.lwa.gov.au/downloads/publications_pdf/PR990305.pdf
Irrigation Scheduling: Using Water-Use Tables
Ashley, Roger O., William H. Neibling, and Bradley A. King. Bulletin CIS 1029. University of Idaho Cooperative Extension Service, Moscow, ID. http://info.ag.uidaho.edu/resources/PDFs/CIS1039.pdf
Soil, Water, and Crop Characteristics Important to Irrigation Scheduling
Evans, Robert, D. K. Cassel, and R. E. Sneed. 1996. Publication No. AG 452-1. North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension, Raleigh, NC.
www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/evans/ag452-1.html
Simple Irrigation Scheduling Using the Look and Feel Method
Niederholzer, F., and L. Long. 1998. Simple Irrigation Scheduling Using the Look and Feel Method. Extension Service, Oregon State University. Corvallis, OR.
http://eesc.orst.edu/AgComWebFile/EdMat/EM8716.pdf
Micro-Irrigation Scheduling and Management
Zoldoske, David F., and Kenneth H. Solomon. 1990.
Center for Irrigation Technology. University of California. Fresno, CA.
http://cati.csufresno.edu/cit/rese/90/900606/
Introduction to Micro-Irrigation.
Hla, Aung K., and Thomas F. Scherer, 1995. North Dakota State University Extension Service.
www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/ageng/irrigate/ae1243w.htm
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Water Use Policy and Conflict Resolution
Western Water Laws
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~zas/tarlock1.html
A technical paper on the history and implementation of water laws in the Western U.S.
Water Wars: Water Allocation Law—Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/BODY_FE208
History of water allocation disputes in Florida and a discussion of methods used to address interstate water disputes.
Dividing the Waters: Water Marketing as a Conflict Resolution Strategy
http://texaswater.tamu.edu/Resources/edwards-marketing.pdf?pubid=1588
A technical paper describing a water use conflict in Texas and how water marketing was used as a dispute resolution strategy.
Rangelands West
http://rangelandswest.org/policy/policy.html
Rangeland policy issues including conflict resolution strategies.
Morris K. Udall – U.S Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution
www.ecr.gov/
Services and training in environmental conflict resolution.
The Quivera Coalition
www.quiviracoalition.org/
A sustainable ranching program involved in facilitating discussions between farmers, researchers, and environmentalists regarding land and water use in the Western U.S.
The Sustainable Rangelands Roundtable
Colorado State University
http://sustainablerangelands.cnr.colostate.edu/Roundtable_description.htm
A stakeholder discussion process that uses indicators to monitor forest and range conditions and recommend land use practices and policies.
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Irrigation and Water Quantity
Irrigating for Maximum Economic Return with Limited Water
Schneekloth, Joel P, Nancy A. Norton, Richard T. Clark, and Norman L. Klocke. 2001. Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service, Lincoln, NE.
http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/water/g1422.htm
Sustainable Irrigation Project
Vossen, Paul. University of California Cooperative Extension. http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu/HORTIC/sust_irr_sc.pdf
Priority List of Irrigation Research
The Irrigation Association. 2000. Kansas State University Research and Extension. www.oznet.ksu.edu/sdi/News/ResearchPriorities.htm
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Irrigation Water Quality
Environmental Impact of Irrigation: A Review.
Stockle, Claudio O. 2001. Washington Water Research Center. Washington State University.
www.swwrc.wsu.edu/newsletter/fall2001/IrrImpact2.pdf
Irrigation Water Quality Criteria.
T.A. Bauder, T.A., G.E. Cardon, R.M. Waskom, and J.G. Davis. 2004. Colorado State University Cooperative Extension No. 0.506
www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/crops/00506.html
Classification of Irrigation of Water Quality
Johnson, Gordon, and Hailin Zhang. Okalahoma Cooperative Extension Service.
http://osuextra.com/pdfs/F-2401web.pdf
Water Quality Criteria for Irrigation
Hoffman, Glenn J. 1997. University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service. http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/irrigation/ec782.htm
Overcoming High Sodium in Soil and Irrigation Water
Camberato, James J. 1999. Pee Dee Research and Education Center.
Clemson University.
http://virtual.clemson.edu/groups/turfornamental/Irrigation%20Water%20Quality/overcoming_high_sodium.htm
Irrigation Water Quality Standards and Salinity Management Strategies
Fipps, Guy. Texas Cooperative Extension. Texas A&M University. http://lubbock.tamu.edu/irrigate/documents/2074410-B1667.pdf
Irrigation Water Quality: Critical Salt Levels for Peanuts, Cotton, Corn and Grain Sorghum.
McFarland, Mark L., Robert G. Lemon, and Charles L. Strickler.
Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Texas A&M University
http://lubbock.tamu.edu/WebCD/docs/newpeanut/irrigationwaterq77C.pdf
Irrigation Water Quality Fertilizer Guide
Vomocil, J.A., and J. Hart. 1998.
http://eesc.orst.edu/agcomwebfile/edmat/FG76-E.pdf
Water Salinity and Crop Yield
Hill, Robert, and Richard T. Koenig. 1999. Utah Water Quality.
Utah State University Extension. AG-425.3
http://extension.usu.edu/files/agpubs/ag425-3.pdf
Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems (SDI) Water Quality Assessment Guidelines
Rogers, Danny H., Freddie R. Lamm, and Mahbub Alam. 2003. Irrigation Management Series. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/ageng2/mf2575.pdf
Irrigation Runoff Control Strategies
Hansen, H., and W. Trimmer. 1997. A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication. PNW 287, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.
http://eesc.orst.edu/AgComWebFile/EdMat/PNW287.pdf
How Excessive Water Use Affects Water Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003.
www.epa.gov/WaterSense/water/save/water_quality.htm
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Water Harvesting
Keyline Plan
Yeomans, P.A. 1954. Waite and Bull, Sydney, Australia.
www.ibiblio.org/soilandhealth/01aglibrary/010125yeomans/010125toc.html
A classic treatise on water harvesting including descriptions and illustrations of landscape or watershed-based water harvesting systems.
Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Montana
Rupp, Gretchen. 1997. Montana State University. Bozeman, MT.
www.montana.edu/wwwpb/pubs/mt9707.html
Rooftop rainwater harvesting methods with calculations for amounts of water that can be harvested.
The Web of Rain
Srinivas, Hari. 2003.
www.gdrc.org/uem/water/rainwater/introduction.html
An introduction to rainwater harvesting.
Texas Guide to Rainwater Harvesting
Todd, Wendy Price, and Gail Vittori. 1997. Second Edition. Texas Water Development Board, in Cooperation with the Center for Maximum Potential Building Systems. Austin, TX.
www.twdb.state.tx.us/publications/reports/RainHarv.pdf
Detailed description of methods for harvesting rainwater, calculating amounts that can be harvested based on location and rainfall and lists of companies selling rainwater collection equipment.
Sustainable Agriculture Extension Manual. Part 1
Altieri, Miguel A. (ed.). International Institute of Rural Reconstruction
www.iirr.org/saem/part-1.htm
Methods developed for small holders in less developed countries. Some also applicable for small farms in the U.S.
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Pasture and Rangeland Management During Drought
Pasture and Rangeland Management During Drought Power Point Presentation [PDF / 611 kb ]
Supplement feeding practices, toxic plants, toxic syndromes associated with drought, animal management and selective culling to reduce stress on land resources.
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Rangeland Management During Drought
Drought Management on Range and Pastureland
Reece, Patrick E., Jack D. Alexander III, and James R. Johnson. 1991. A handbook for Nebraska and South Dakota. EC 91-123. Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service. Lincoln, NE.
http://wrac.sdstate.edu/pubs/range/ec91-123.pdf
Detailed discussion of forage response to drought, feed supplements, toxicity concerns, and management planning options.
Managing Small Acreage Pastures During and After Drought
Warren, L.K., and P. Aravis. 2003. No. 6.112. Colorado State University Cooperative Extension. Fort Collins, CO.
www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/natres/06112.html
Rotational grazing practices during droughts.
Drought and Its Relationship to Dynamics of Primary Productivity and Production of Grazing Animals
Cook, C. Wayne. 2003. College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University.
www.cnr.colostate.edu/frws/research/cook/CookDrought/drought.htm
Discusses the need to build flexibility into operations in order to survive the effects of high variability in forage production from year to year due to drought and other historical factors.
Tips for Dealing with Drought on Range—Montana
Lacey, John. n. d. CL1110. Ag Communications, University of Idaho. Moscow, ID.
http://drought.wsu.edu/1100/1110.PDF
Grazing Management During and After Extended Drought
Mosley, Jeff. 2001. Montana State University Communication Services.
www.montana.edu/wwwpb/ag/grazmgmt.html
Beef and Cattle Drought Management and Water Use
Montana State University. Animal and Range Sciences Extension Service.
http://animalrangeextension.montana.edu/Articles/Beef/Main-Drought.htm
Links to publications addressing grazing management, nutrition during drought, and water quality criteria for livestock.
Market Journal – Feed and Forage
Agricultural Risk Management & Marketing Information from the University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension and the Institute of Agriculture & Natural Resources.
http://marketjournal.unl.edu/byTopic/Feed2.shtml
Audio and video presentations of discussions on beef management strategies, feeding alternatives, range management practices, culling, and drought pasture leases.
Dry Times: Managing Through a Drought
Quivira Coalition. New Mexico.
http://quiviracoalition.org/Detailed/QC_Publications/Newsletters/Newsletter_12_August..._162.html
Financial management in advance of and during a drought, also range management practices focusing on forage and ranges assessments and stocking rates.
Planning for Beef Cattle Operations in the Face of Drought
University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE.
http://agecon.unl.edu/pub/cornhusker/7-24-02.pdf
Ration formulation, alternative feeds, financial assistance, and tax assessments for losses due to drought.
Coping with Drought
North Dakota State University.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/drought.htm
Several short information sheets on crop and livestock management techniques during drought conditions. Includes information on alternative livestock feed options, planting when rains are delayed, grasshopper control, and forage poisoning concerns during dry conditions.
Pasture Carrying Capacity in Times of Drought
Barczewski, Rich, and Mark Wahlberg. 1994. AG-520-2. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. Raleigh, NC.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/disaster/drought/dro-26.html
Options for selling, contract grazing, or feedlot feeding cattle during drought.
Herd Management during a Drought – South Carolina
Hupp, H.P., and P.J. Rathwell. 1998. MMM 369. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service.
http://cherokee.agecon.clemson.edu/mmm369.htm
Recommendations for reducing herd size, treating for parasites, and providing segregated feeding for different groups of animals during drought conditions.
Drought, Water, Forages and Cattle
Wroe, Bob. 2002. Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development.
http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/webdoc3942?opendocument
Recommendations for rangeland and forage management during droughts. Also includes informative checksheets for ranchers to use management fields and herds during dry conditions.
Drought Watch
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/drought/index_e.htm
Management practices for crops, livestock, pastures, and water during droughts; includes information on managing wells, increasing water inflow through snow trapping and zero tillage, and reducing evaporation through windbreaks and covers. Also includes recommendations for grain feeding to supplement grass during drought.
Drought Strategies for the Livestock Producer
New South Wales (Australia) Department of Primary Industries/Agriculture.
http://minister.agric.nsw.gov.au/reader/907
Guidelines for managing livestock during droughts including financial decision making, strategic planning for culling, selling, or contract pasturing animals. Includes links to publications on animal health, water requirements, and livestock feeding during drought. Primarily for Australian ranchers but contains excellent information also applicable to U.S. farmers. Good documents on sheep management during drought.
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Herd Nutrition and Productivity During Drought
Maintaining Herd Productivity During Drought
Gimenez Jr., Diego M. n. d. Alabama Cooperative Extension System.
Auburn University, AL.
www.aces.edu/drought/NewsRel/MntngHrdPrdctvty.htm
Management of environmental stress, health, and nutrition during drought.
Planning for Beef Cattle Operations in the Face of Drought
Clark, Richard T., and Don C. Adams. 2002. Cornhusker Economics. University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE.
http://agecon.unl.edu/pub/cornhusker/7-24-02.pdf
Ration formulation, alternative feeds, financial assistance, and tax assessments for losses due to drought.
Calculate Forage during Droughts
Noble Foundation. Ardmore, Oklahoma.
www.noble.org/ag/Pests/Drought/Forage_calculation.htm
Methods for calculating the amount of available forage considering rate of growth, height of pasture before and after grazing, and type of forage available. Also has links to discussions on how to cull cattle.
Alternative Feeds for Cattle during a Drought
LeValley, R. Baird. 2003. No. 1.626. Colorado State University Cooperative Extension. Fort Collins, CO.
www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/livestk/01626.html
Use of grain and hay supplements during times of drought, methods for protecting against nitrate and prussic acid poisoning.
Drought Planning and Management
Sustainable Management of Rangeland Resources
University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Service. Laramie, WY.
www.wyorange.net/
Includes publications on drought-related farm management practices, drought resistant forages, supplemental feeding, toxicity, culling, and financial aid programs.
Drought Strategies for Beef Producers:
Part II: Supplementing Cattle on Drought-Affected Pastures and Ranges
Paterson, John, Rick Funston, Ron Carlstrom, and Greg Lardy. 2000. Montana State University Communications Service.
www.montana.edu/wwwpb/ag/drought2.html
Feed supplementation, water access, management strategies.
Limit Feeding Concentrate Diets to Cows
Lalman, David. 1998. Oklahoma State University. Stillwater, OK.
www.okstate.edu/OSU_Ag/oces/timely/feeding.htm
A feeding method for times when hay and forage availability is low due to drought. Objective is to feed corn or other concentrate energy source in quantities just sufficient to meet animal's requirements for target level of maintenance.
Salvaging Drought-Stressed Crops
North Dakota State University Extension Service. Fargo, ND. www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/salvage.htm
Stresses testing drought-stressed forages to determine nutritional value and for potential toxic properties.
Post Drought Management / Managing Post-Drought the E-Z Way
Hughes, Harlan. 2003 Beef Magazine.
http://beef-mag.com/mag/beef_postdrought_management_part/
http://beef-mag.com/mag/beef_managing_postdrought_ezway/
Financial management decisions regarding rebuilding pasture resources and herd size following a drought.
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Animal Health and Drought
BEHAVE: Behavioral Education for Human, Animal, Vegetation, and Ecosystem Management
Utah State University, The University of Idaho, Montana State University, NWRC, The University of Arizona.
www.behave.net/
Excellent research and management information on factors affecting animal grazing practices. How to manage animals to decrease impacts of plant toxicity.
Animal Response to Drought
University of Nebraska.
www.scottsbluff.unl.edu/animalresponsetodrought.htm
Feed supplementation and toxicity concerns.
Drought Related Toxicosis in Cattle
Galey, Francis D. 1993. No. 92-08. University of California. Oakland, CA.
www.owue.water.ca.gov/docs/92-08.pdf
Nitrate poisoning, toxic plants, poor water quality.
Mycotoxins in Feed Grains and Ingredients
Herrman, Tim, and Dionisia Trigo-Stockli. 2002. MF-2061. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Manhattan, KS.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/drought/drought/MF2061.pdf
Afloxin poisoning. Description, causes, and prevention.
Understanding and Coping with Effects of Mycotoxins in Livestock Feed and Forage
Jones, Frank T., Mary Beth Center, Winston M. Hagler, Jeff A. Hansen, Bob A. Mowrey, Matt H. Poore, and Lon W. Whitlow. 1994. DRO-29. North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service. Raleigh, NC.
www.ces.ncsu.edu/disaster/drought/dro-29.html
Mycotoxins in Feeds
Whitlow, L. W., and W. M. Hagler Jr. 2002. Feedstuffs Newspaper. July. p. 1-10. www.oznet.ksu.edu/drought/drought/Mycotoxins%20in%20Feeds.pdf
Detailed information on aflotoxin and other mycotoxins.
Nitrate, Prussic Acid (HCN) and Grass Tetany Problems in Cattle Feeding
Harris, Barney, and Jan K. Shearer. 1985. DS162.
University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Gainesville, FL.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/BODY_DS162
Drought Conditions Conducive to Nitrate Accumulation
Rankins, Dr. Darrell. n. d. University of Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Auburn University, AL.
www.aces.edu/drought/NewsRel/nitrate.htm
Nitrate Toxicity of Montana Forages
Cash, Dennis, Rick Funston, Marc King, and Dave Wichman. 2002. MT200205 AG. C-12. Montana State University Extension Service. Bozeman, MT.
www.montana.edu/wwwpb/pubs/mt200205.pdf
Prussic Acid Poisoning of Livestock: Causes and Prevention
Vough, Lester R., and E. Kim Cassel. 2002. ExEx 4016. South Dakota State University Cooperative Extension Service. Brookings, SD.
http://agbiopubs.sdstate.edu/articles/ExEx4016.pdf
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Poisonous Plants
Reducing Livestock Loss from Poisonous Plants through Grazing Management
Taylor, C.A., Jr., and M.H. Ralphs. 1992. Journal of Range Management. Vol. 45. No. 1. p. 9-12.
http://jrm.library.arizona.edu/jrm/issue.jsp?volume=http://jrm.library.arizona.edu/Volume45/
&issue=http://jrm.library.arizona.edu/Volume45/Number1/
This volume contains several articles from a symposium on the ingestion of poisonous plants by livestock.
Reducing Livestock Losses from Poisonous Plants through Grazing Management Poisonous Plants Information Database. Cornell University.
www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/
Poisonous Plants and other Plant Toxins
University of Maryland Small Ruminant Page.
www.sheepandgoat.com/poison.html
Does Drought Contribute to Livestock Losses from Poisonous Plants?
Frost, Rachel. n. d. University of Idaho. Moscow, ID.
www.cnr.uidaho.edu/range556/Appl_BEHAVE/projects/drought.html
Poisoning of Livestock by Plants
Robinson, S. E. 2002. 87-016. Ministry of Agriculture and Food. Ontario, Canada.
www.gov.on.ca/OMAFRA/english/livestock/dairy/facts/87-016.htm
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Water Management, Heat Stress, and Drought
Water, Heat Stress, and Drought Power Point Presentation
[PDF / 537 kb]
Animal water needs, water quality concerns, relationships between water quality, feed quality, and water consumption. Factors affecting heat stress and practices for minimizing it.
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Livestock Water Needs
Livestock Water Needs
Clemson University
http://virtual.clemson.edu/groups/extension/drought/waterman.htm/livewat.htm
Table of water needs at 70 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit for various types of livestock.
Shallow Buried Pipelines for Summer Pasture Livestock Watering
Woelcke, Reynold. 2003. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/water/pipespsh_e.htm
Costs, equipment requirements, and protection against frost.
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Heat Stress
Heat Stress in Cattle
National heat stress Web page.
www.liru.asft.ttu.edu/Collab/Heat_stress/heatstress.html
Keeping animals cool during drought, including effects of feeding regimes on body temperature and heat stress.
Protecting Livestock form Heat Stress
Hupp, H. D., and P. J. Rathwell. 1998. MMM 371. Clemson University Extension Service. Clemson, SC.
http://cherokee.agecon.clemson.edu/mmm371.htm
Heat Stress and Beef Production
Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service. Clemson, SC.
http://virtual.clemson.edu/groups/psapublishing/disaster/drought/Drout2.htm
Includes heat stress index and steps to take to protect animals at under increasing heat stress.
Feedlot Heat Stress Checklist
Griffin, Dee. n. d. University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE.
http://gpvec.unl.edu/HeatDrought/flheatsr.pdf
Conditions for heat stress and steps for developing a heat stress management plan.
Heat, Drought, and Early Weaning Links
University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE.
http://gpvec.unl.edu/HeatDrought/HeatDroughtInformation.htm
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Drought Programs by State
Arizona
Water and Drought
Arizona Rangelands. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. http://arsc.arid.arizona.edu/rangelands_west/az/template5.asp?
level1=science&level2=ecology&level3=water
Managing Arid and Semi-Arid Watersheds
Rocky Mountain Research Station. University of Arizona/US Forest Service. Tucson, AZ.
http://ag.arizona.edu/OALS/watershed/
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California
California Department of Water Resources – Drought
Preparedness http://watersupplyconditions.water.ca.gov/
Drought Facts, Drought, Drought Mitigation, and Drought Preparedness http://threeissues.sdsu.edu/three_issues_droughtfacts01.html
Information on drought mitigation has general applicability. Addresses soil and water conservation and herd management during a drought.
Catalogue of Irrigation Publications
University of California. Agriculture and Natural Resources. Davis, CA.
http://anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/InOrder/Shop/Shop.asp -
Search "irrigation".
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Colorado
Drought Resource Center
Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO.
http://drought.colostate.edu/
Catalogue of Irrigation Publications
Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO.
www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/crops/pubcrop.html#irr
Colorado Water Resources Research Institute (CWRRI)
Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO.
http://cwrri.colostate.edu/
ColoradoClimateCenter—Drought Resources
http://ccc.atmos.colostate.edu/drought.php
Colorado Office of Emergency Management—Drought Monitoring www.dola.state.co.us/oem/PublicInformation/Drought/drought.htm
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Connecticut
State of Connecticut Drought Response
www.drought.state.ct.us/
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Florida
Florida Emergency Management—Drought Watch www.floridadisaster.org/bpr/EMTOOLS/florida_drought_center.htm
USGS/Water Resources of Florida—Florida Water Watch
http://fl.water.usgs.gov/Water_data/FLdrought.html
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Georgia
Drought in Georgia: Water use restrictions and climatological information http://interests.caes.uga.edu/drought/
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Idaho
Idaho Department of Water Resources
www.idwr.state.id.us/
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Indiana
Agronomic Drought Stress Information
Purdue University. Lafayette, IN.
www.agry.purdue.edu/ext/drought/index.html
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Kansas
Drought Resources
Kansas State University. Manhattan, KS.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/drought/
Kansas Water Office: Governor's Drought Response Team and Drought Report
www.kwo.org/
Low Water-Use Plants for Kansas Landscapes
Kansas State University. Manhattan, KS.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/hort2/mf2067.pdf
Irrigation at K-State Research and Extension
Kansas State University. Manhattan, KS.
www.oznet.ksu.edu/irrigate/
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Kentucky
Kentucky and National Drought Information
http://wwwagwx.ca.uky.edu/drought.html
Kentucky Water Resource Information System
http://kia.ky.gov/wris/
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Maine
State of Maine Drought Task Force
www.state.me.us/mema/drought/
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Maryland
University of Maryland – Drought Resources
University of Maryland. College Park, MD.
www.agnr.umd.edu/HotTopics/Drought/
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Massachusetts
Massachusetts and Rhode Island Drought Information / USGS http://ma.water.usgs.gov/drought/drought_index.htm
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Minnesota
University of Minnesota—Drought Information Resources
University of Minnesota. St. Paul, MN.
http://climate.umn.edu/doc/drought_2000.htm
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Missouri
Water Resources Program—Missouri Department of Natural Resources
www.dnr.mo.gov/geology/droughtupdate.htm
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Montana
Montana Natural Resource Information System
Water Supply and Drought Monitoring
http://nris.state.mt.us/drought/
Montana State University Resources for Coping with Drought
Montana State University. Bozeman, MT.
www.montana.edu/wwwpb/drought/
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Nebraska
Drought Central, Nebraska's Drought Management Web site
Nebraska and federal government drought programs.
www.droughtcentral.org/
Nebraska's Climate Assessment Response Committee (CARC)
Drought Mitigation and Response Plan
http://carc.agr.ne.gov/docs/planning.html
Water Management for Irrigation in Nebraska
Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service. University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE. www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/irrigation/nf140.htm
Drought Information and Resources for Nebraskans
University of Nebraska. Lincoln, NE.
http://ianrhome.unl.edu/drought/
Irrigation Operations and Management
Catalogue of publications and fact sheets.
University of Nebraska.
Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Lincoln, NE.
http://ianrpubs.unl.edu/irrigation/
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Drought Management Plan
http://www.des.state.nh.us/Dam/Droughtmanplan.PDF
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New Jersey
New Jersey Drought Information
www.njdrought.org/
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New Mexico
New Mexico Drought Planning Team
http://weather.nmsu.edu/drought/
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New York
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation – Drought Watch www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dow/droughtfacts.html
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North Carolina
North Carolina Drought Monitoring Council
www.ncwater.org/drought/
North Carolina Drought Watch – USGS
http://nc.water.usgs.gov/drought/
North Carolina State University Drought Information Leaflets
www.ces.ncsu.edu/disaster/drought/
Catalogue of Irrigation and Water Management Publications
North Carolina State University. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering. Raleigh, NC.
www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/evans/
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North Dakota
North Dakota State University—Coping with Drought
North Dakota State University. Fargo, ND.
www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/drought/drought.htm
Catalogue of Irrigation Publications
North Dakota State University Cooperative Extension. Fargo, ND.
www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/irrigate.htm
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Ohio
Ohio State University Extension – Crop, Forage, and Livestock Information
Ohio State University. Columbus, OH.
http://corn.osu.edu/drought02/
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma Water Resources Board-Drought and Water Resources Monitoring www.owrb.state.ok.us/supply/drought/drought_index.php
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Pennsylvania
Penn State Drought Resources
Pennsylvania State University. College Park, PA.
www.cas.psu.edu/docs/coext/disaster/drought1.html
Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental Protection
Drought Information
www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/subject/hotopics/drought/
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South Carolina
South Carolina Drought Information Center
www.dnr.state.sc.us/climate/sco/drought.html
Coping with Drought Information Page
Agricultural Resources Clemson University. Clemson, SC.
http://virtual.clemson.edu/groups/extension/drought/
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South Dakota
South Dakota Drought Information
www.state.sd.us/doa/department/drought.htm
South Dakota State University Drought Information
South Dakota State University. Brookings, SD.
http://sdces.sdstate.edu/drought/
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Texas
Texas Water Info–Drought Resources
www.texaswaterinfo.net/Monitoring/Meteorological/Drought/index.htm
Texas Drought Resource Information Packet
Environmental, social, and economic costs of droughts, processes used to declare an emergency
www.agr.state.tx.us/producer%5Finfo/hay%5Fgrazing/drought.pdf
Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission – Drought Information
www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/permitting/waterperm/pdw/drought.html
Texas A&M Drought Information Page
Texas A&M University. College Station, TX.
http://agnews.tamu.edu/drought/
Texas Water Development Board – Drought
www.twdb.state.tx.us/data/drought/drought_toc.asp
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Utah
Drought Resources and Information
Utah State University. Logan, UT.
http://extension.usu.edu/drought/
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Virginia
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality – Drought Monitor
http://www.deq.virginia.gov/waterresources/drought.html
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Washington
Catalogue of Extension Publications
Washington State University. Pullman, WA.
www.drought.wsu.edu/pubs.html
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Wyoming
Drought Planning and Management
Sustainable Management of Rangeland Resources. University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Service. Laramie, WY.
www.wyorange.net/
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By Barbara Bellows
NCAT Agriculture Specialist
Copyright © 2005 National Center for Appropriate Technology
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