We will perform research into an optical memory device technology which shows the potential a of providing a replacement for mechanicalmagnetic tape recorders currently used in spacecraft, but with significantly higher reliability. the technology is based on the photon echo pheomenon, and provides… More

Memory module, in the petabit (10[15]) to exabit (10[18] bit) range, based on photon echo phenomenon, for systems integration into contemporary computer configurations but more importantly to be the memory component in future configurations which is commensurate with results of currentadvanced r & d… More

One of the most common problems in the fields of system dynamics and pattern recognition is the identification of the dynamic characteristics of a system are known than an accurate mathermatical model could be constructed and a better understanding of the behavior of the system could be developed.… More

Proposer, who has patents for bonding metal to graphite, will bond to pyrolytic anisotropic graphite, using tin composite material, in order to find substitute for copper.

Intense, finely-focussed ion beams would find many applications in research and production if sufficiently bright ion sources could be made. the proposed research is an investigation of the feasibility of a concept for an extremely bright ion source wherein an intense supersonic molecular beam is… More

Intermetallic compounds, in particular aluminides, silicides, and berylides, are known for their high melting points and corrosion and oxidation resistance. many of these compounds have low densities and very high strengths and, therefore, are of interest for high temperature applications. however,… More

The materials used in thin-film photovoltaic cells and many other semiconductor devices are frequently grown using chemical vapor deposition (cvd) or other vapor-based processes. many of the process gases used, for example, arsine, phosphine, ammonia, diborane, and silane, are highly reactive.… More

The rapid growth of the american microelectronics industry has spawned new environmental problems associated with the processes used to prepare semiconductor chips, the key components of sophisticated electronic devices. most of these problems have been ignored because relatively low volumes of… More

The proposed work provides an integration of the electronic delivery technology developed through the u.s. army researchinstitute for the army's basic skills educational program, and the needs of the civilian population in adult literacy/ basic skills education. tested concepts used in the hand-… More

Intermetallic compounds are known for their high melting points and corrosion and oxidation resistance. many of these compounds have low densities and very high strengths and, therefore, are of interest for high temperature aerospace and space structure applications. however,conventional processing… More

Aluminum coated glass fibers have found broad based use as radar chaff, however, existing methods of manufacture are generally high cost and do not optimize adhesion between metal and glass which may lead to performance loss during handling or processing. by utilizing a high speed, low capital cost… More

There has been little, if any, development in recent years in the area of mechanical shock (ms) sensors, especially sensors with high frequency and high-g response. it is proposed that through the use of literature sources an assessment be made of the state-of-the-art in ms sensors and of the… More

The development of a manufacturing technology that allows for the optimization of the mechanical and superconducting properties of high temperature superconductors is crucial for their implementation in energy storage devices, motor, generators, and electromagnetic launchers. state-of-the-art… More

Hypersonic and supersonic speeds are feasible due to advances in aerospace engineering, vehicle design, and propulsion technology. the efficiencies, reliability, and ultimate potential of air breathing propulsion systems hinge upon new materials that can survive the harsh combustion environments.… More

In the past decade, studies have indicated that it is theoretically possible, in a single opto-coupled solid state device, to switch high voltages (100 kv/cm length) and high currents (10ka/cm width) with phenomenally fast rurn-on/turn-off times, more efficiently and compactly than using existing… More

Many infrared and electro-optical imaging systems are confounded by fog and dust. millimeter eave imaging systems would not be affected by these battlefield obscurants. however, the liquid helium cooling requirement of todays high performance low noise mixers is blocking the deployment of advanced… More

Widespread application of high performance devices based on iii-vi compound semiconductor will depend on the development of economic and high-quality manufacturing methods. during the last few years, organometallic based processes have evolved into the most promising techniques for the production of… More

Higher thrust/weight engines and hypersonic vehicles requirehigh temperature structural materials that do not exist today. advances in state of the art materials, particularlyfiber reinforcements, are required to meet the needs of these applications. commercially available cvd sic fibers suffer from… More

The continued drive toward vlsi and three-dimensional integration places ever-increasing demands on metalization structures. new materials are needed to advance these vitaltechnologies. the many advantages of refractory metal thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (cvd) including conformal… More

The development of a manufacturing technology that allows the optimization of the mechanical and superconducting properties of bulk conductors is crucial for their implementation in aerospace power transmission and propulsion applications. state-of-the-art processing of bulk high temperature… More

Metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy (mombe) is a semiconductor growth technique that has the potential for combining the best features of molecular beam epitaxy with those of organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (omvpe). a major problem hindering development of mombe techniques for growing group iii/v… More

Ferroelectric materials such as barium titanium oxid (bario3) have electro-optic coefficients that are an order of magnitude greater than that of the more common lithium niobium oxide (linbo3). their superior potential has not been exploited because the routine growth of large defect-free optical… More

Over the past decade studies have indicated that it is possible to utilize the ultrafast (picosecond) response timeof a photoconductor to detect and time resolve the rapid variations of light from a rapidly changing source such as apulsed laser, a laser fusion experiment, a directed energy weapon or… More

A primary limitation of photoelectrochemical cells is photocorrosion of electrode materials. one solution to thisproblem has been to apply elaborate conducting polymeric coatings to sensitive electrodes. an alternative is to use corrosion resistant electrode materials. group vi metal… More

Recycling spent nuclear fuel is an economic necessity for the integral fast reactor. after the fission products have been removed, the irradiated uranium fuel material can be cast into new fuel rods. the current injection casting process uses quartz molds that are not reusable, since the molds must… More

The discovery of the new high temperature superconducting (htsc) oxides coupled with the advent of diamond thin film growth by chemical vapor deposition techniques have opened up the possibility of a high temperature superconducting transition edge bolometer for use at submillimeter wave lengths.… More

Low growth temperatures are essential for the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (mocvd) of abrupt heterojunction devices fabricated from mercury cadmium telluride. unsymmetrical tellurides (rter< >1d) represent a novel alternative to the non-optimal source reagents currently in use. these… More

The key to the commercial production of devices fabricated from superconductoring thin films with optimal and reproducible properties is the identification of a process that has exact control of stoichiometry and morphology. this control can only be achieved with a thorough understanding of the… More

Recent developments in optical communication technology are very encouraging for the potential operation of optical satellite crosslinks. most notable is the development of high efficiency nd:yag ring lasers which would be attractive transmitters if wide bandwidth external phase modulators could be… More

High power semiconductors using silicon and gaas are limited to environments that are less than 300 deg c in temperature due to low bandgaps, low breakdown fields and low thermal conductivities. 3c-sic(b-sic) has been identified as a material with excellent potential to fulfill the requirements of a… More

The reproducible crystal growth of thin films with the correct stoichiometry and appropriate morphology is the key to the commercialization of devices incorporating thin film high temperature superconductors. mocvd has the potential to meet these needs coupled with relative ease of scaling… More

A novel diamond detector for use in the soft x-ray to the vacuum ultraviolet is proposed. this x-ray detector is based on the use of a diamond film as the active detector element due to diamond's high intrinsic resistivity (low dark current), large carrier mobilities, high saturatedcarrier drift… More

Ultrafast solid state photoconductive switches may now make possible pulsed electric fields on the order of 1gv/m on time scales of 1-100 picoseconds. voltage gradients of thismagnitude are becoming possible through advances in transmission line design and ultrafast photoconductive powerswitching… More

We propose to develop novel inorganic scintillating fibers for use in ionizing radiation imaging detectors for research, medicine and industry, especially in apparatus forimaging x-rays, beta and alpha particles. in phase i we will use metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technology to coat… More

The use of optical systems in high speed signal processing applications is destined because of the overwhelming advantages of parallel data transmission. many applications require nonlinear transformations to be performed in parallel at high speed and resolution. the use of organic materials with… More

Mercury cadmium telluride (mct) alloys are of major importance for noncryogenically cooled 1.0 to 16.0 mu m (ir)detector arrays. widespread deployment of mct arrays based on high sensitivity photodiodes has been slowed by the dearth of repeatable growth processes capable of producing high quality… More

Widespread application of high performance devices based on iii-v, iv-iv, or diamond compound semiconductors will depend on the development of manufacturing methods. recently, dr. max yoder of onr proposed a radically new growth sequence applicable to the group iv semiconductors in general and to… More

Solid metal fuels can provide greater thrust and fuel efficiency than liquid fuels. boron particles, a most attractive solid fuel on a thermochemical basis, ignite upon exposure to moist air and undergo a rapid combustion with high volumetric heat release. unfortunately, this reaction is… More

The use of superconducting radio frequency (srf) cavities in electron accelerators can be dramatically extended with the utilization of high temperature superconductors (htsc). with critical magnetic fields of approximately 11,000 oe at 2k or 4 times niobium, htscs offer the potential of… More

Ceramic materials are under consideration for structural components in advanced heat engines for several reasons. the primary motivation is their high strength under significantly increasing operating temperatures. the use of these high temperature materials will permit better fuel efficiency and… More

Realization of the performance advantages of superconducting devices in high frequency communications depends on development of a low temperature deposition process with exacting control of stoichiometry and morphology. mocvd can meet these needs coupled with ease ofscale-up. however, recent work at… More

The electrical and material properties of high temperature superconducting (htsc) thin films have improved dramaticallyin recent months. however, a fabrication process capable ofproducing josephson junctions in finite yields has yet to bedeveloped. some demonstration devices have been made which… More

The use of perovskites such as batio3 as thin film ferroelectric materials in microelectronics and photonics has been limited by materials processing and compatibility problems. high quality ferroelectric thin films have not been grown at temperatures compatible with standard si or gaas processing… More

Solid-state ionization detectors increasingly find use in medical, nuclear, and high energy physics and in magnetic fusion research. unfortunately, silicon-based detectors are highly susceptible to radiation damage, can operate onlyin a narrow temperature regime, and have undesirable signal-to-noise… More

Synchrotron radiation facilities are being used increasinglyfor advanced materials research. the effectiveness of this research is now compromised by a shortage of suitable crystals to make devices for long wavelength spectroscopy inthe soft x-ray region of 6 to 30 angstrom. the crystal, yttrium… More

Recent advances in high temperature superconducting (htsc) thin film technology enable the fabrication of low-loss components that will improve the cost and performance of channelized receivers. channelized receivers are used in satellite transponder, electronic warfare and electronics intelligence… More

Significant simplification of microwave phased array antenna system architectures can be achieved with htsc device technology. elimination of the low noise amplifiers (lnas) can be accomplished through replacement of the gaas phase shifters with low loss htsc components. a reduction in complexity… More

The use of metallized glass fibers as dipoles to reflect and confuse threat radars is a long proven military technology. The simplicity of chaff and the expected long term use of weapon systems which can be defeated by chaff guarantee its utility for many years to come. Advanced Technology Materials… More

The next generation of high power, high frequency electronic device technology will be based on wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as sic, gan and diamond. of these, silicon carbide is the most promising material for near term applications, since its processing shares many common features… More

Improving the oxidation resistance of carbon-carbon composites is key to expanding the use of this material system into higher temperature applications. while boron particles have been added to these materials to seal cracks in protective coatings, oxidation of the carbon matrix neighboring the… More

Electron bombarded semiconductor (ebs) gain devices using silicon diodes have applications in frequency agile, radio frequency (rf)/microwave power amplifiers, photomultipliers,imaging tubes, and high speed signal processors such as analog-to-digital converters. however, commercial acceptance of… More

Several methods, including sputtering, e-beam evaporation, laser ablation and metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (mocvd), have succeeded in depositing high quality thin films of high temperature superconductors (htsc) on 1 cm2 substrates. however, the growth of high quality thin films over large… More

Semiconductor devices that provide reliable high power or operate at extremely high frequency in harsh environments such as sustained high radiation levels are required for asat applications. this need for devices that can operate at increased temperatures or with minimum radiative cooling has been… More

Exploitation in microelectronics of the very high dielectric constants of ferroelectric perovskites such as batio3 and pzt has been limited by materials processing and compatiability problems. high quality ferroelectric thin films have not been grown at temperatures compatiable with standard si or… More

Zinc selenide (znse) has important potential applications asa material for visible light emitting devices and short wavelength lasers for display applications. metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (mocvd) of znse is the most promising production method but is hampered by its use of hydrogen… More

In the next decade indium phosphide based lasers are expected to be critically important in integrated electrooptic devices and fiber optics communication due to their high speed and bandgap in the near infrared spectral region. semi-insulating titanium doped indium phosphide is required for… More

Single crystal batio3 has electro-optic and photorefractive properties that are among the most desirable of all inorganic media. the material also possesses ferroelectric properties and an exceptionally high dielectric constant, which make batio3 films highly attractive for radiation hard and dram… More

Mcnc proposes a feasibility study and evaluation of three promising approaches to the fabrication of surface test structures on silicon. surface features on the first structure will be produced by controllably etching thermallygrown oxides. features on the second will be made by etching… More

The need for compact solid state ultraviolet light sources includes clinical light sources for a variety of surgeries, analytical instrumentation sources and communications systems based on shorter wavelengths that will be able to handle higher information densities. Such advanced optoelectric… More

Organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (omvpe) is a promising technique for producing ultrahigh purity iii-v compound semiconductor. omvpe can produce complex layered structures with the abrupt interfaces required for advanced electronic and photonic devices. unfortunately, omvpe currently requires… More

Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (mocvd) has become a successful thin film growth technique due to its inherent control over film composition, purity, uniformity and deposition rate. thin film technology for ferroelectric materials such as lead titanate and pzt is in great demand due to many… More

Dna and biosequences are being determined faster than they can be compared and analyzed. present techniques for rigorously searching a large database are costly and time consuming. under all plausible growth projections, the problem will soon become overwhelming. a custom, very large scale… More

Diamond and copper are unique in their ability to efficiently conduct heat, making them premier materials for electronic applications for which heat removal is critical to system performance. differences in their other properties make it attractive to combine these two materials into a… More

Many key steps in semiconductor "chip" manufacture utilize gases to form thin films which are critical to both device performance and cost. Over $2 billion worth of equipment, materials and peripherals are now sold annually to the semiconductor manufacturers who use gas phase processing. As… More

High temperature superconducting (HTSC) materials offer the potential for major cost and performance advantages in advanced high frequency communications and radar sytems. Key to the use of these materials in subsystems is the fabrication of components, especially low loss switches, which can… More

The continuing drive toward increased circuit densities in dynamic random access memories (DRAMs) has spurred great interest in new dielectric materials that permit greater storage capacitor charge density. Ferroelectrics are particularly attractive because of their intrinsically large dielectric… More

The use of optoelectronic materials, such as gallium arsenide, in applications ranging from fiber optics to solid-state lasers has been growing rapidly. The fabrication of these materials requires exacting control over material composition, purity, uniformity and production rate. Typically these… More

Infrared radiation sensing has grown rapidly as both a military and commercial detection and measurement technique. Recently the sensitivity of infrared detection has been improved by the used of focal plane arrays which have the capability of imaging scenes of very low contrast by collecting… More

The next generation of high power, high frequency electronic device technology will be based on wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as sic, gan and diamond. of these, silicon carbide is the most promising material for near term applications, since its processing shares many common features… More

High power and high temperature electronic devices are important in both defense and commercial systems. beta silicon carbide is an excellent candidate semiconductor material for demanding applications due to its high breakdown voltage, relatively large band gap, high thermal conductivity and high… More

In-situ monitoring of critical material properties would greatly enhance process control of a wide variety of manufacturing technologies. position sensitive fiber optic x-ray scintillation detectors (pssd) can be used to simultaneously measure several critical solid polycrystalline material… More

In-situ monitoring of critical film properties would greatly enhance process control of thin film coating technologies such as chemical vapor deposition (cvd) and physical vapor deposition (pvd). atm, working in conjunction with pennsylvania state university, proposes to incorporate a position… More

Semiconducting diamond has many novel properties, most notably a stable negative electron affinity surface. conduction band electrons are readily emitted from a negative electron affinity (nea) material because the bulk conduction band lies above the vacuum level. in the phase i program we will… More

A low-cost, miniaturized Low Light Level (LLL) CCD TV camera system capable of more than 400 TV lines per picture height at an illumination level ranging from moonless starlight (10 E-4 foot candles) is proposed. The electro-optical portion of the system will incorporate an input lens with an… More

The performance of guided projectiles fired in smooth-bore Navy guns is progressively degraded by barrel wear: once high temperature propellant gasses start to flow (jet) between the wall of the gun barrel and the body of the projectile, barrel wear is accelerated and propellant efficiency drops off… More

Over the past twenty years two-dimensional spatial light modulators (SLM's) have been identified as a critical element in a many applications. While large electro-optic effects can be engineered in composite structures such as multiple quantum-wells or liquid crystals, SLM's based on ceramic… More

Electrically tunable optical filters have been identified as a critical element in many applications, including imaging and automated target recognition applications. While large electro-optic effects can be engineered in composite structures such as multiple quantum-wells or liquid crystals, SLMs… More

TITANIUM NITRIDE (TiN) IS RAPIDLY BECOMING AN IMPORTANT MATERIAL AS A BARRIER LAYER IN VLSI DRAMs, AS AN ANTIREFLECTION COATING AND AS A "GLUE" LAYER BETWEEN NOBLE METALS AND SILICON DIOXIDE IN BOTH MEMORY AND LOGIC DEVICES. TYPICALLY, THIN FILMS OF TiN ARE DEPOSITED BY PHYSICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION… More

High quality thin films of high temperature superconductor (HTSC) materials have been grown by a variety of methods. Independent of the growth method, residual stresses in large area HTSC/dielectric multi-layer films, resulting from both thermal expansion and lattice mismatch, continue to be a… More

The objective of this project is to use the newest advance in the technology of Ferroelctric Liquid Crystal (FLC) displays so that they can be used for Visual Landing Aids as well as other applications. Currently FLC's suffer from serious mechanical and temperature limitations due to the fact that… More

Kinetic energy penetrators are currently relied upon as a way to defeat enemy armor. Historically these penetrators have been composed of unanium or tungsten based alloys due to their high densities. In addition to density, the deformation behavior of the alloy determines it's performance. A… More

The unique properties of ssemiconducting diamond may be exploited to create a novel, high gain, low noise, stable, and compact photomultipler (pmt). existing pmts are inadequate for many applications where sensitivity and gain must be combined with stability and reduced noise requirements. a novel… More

Ferroelectrics show great promise as electronic materials in applications ranging from infrared detectors to optical switches. brium titanate (batio3) is an especially promising material for thin film capacitor applications in ultra-large scale integrated circuits. conventional chemical vapor… More

Titanium nitride (tin) is becoming an important material as a barrier layer in vlsi drams, as an antireflection coating and as a "glue" layer between noble metals and silicon dioxide in both memory and logic devices. thin films of tin are deposited by physical vapor deposition methods, but as device… More

Sputter coating is a widely used commercial technique for producing thin film coatings. in-situ monitoring of critical thin film propertise would greatly enhance process control in a variety of sputter coating processes. traditional 0/20 scanning x-ray diffractometers are powerful analysis tools… More

The objective of this project is to develop a system for the optimized viewing of medical x-ray film. Illuminators currently used to view radiographs have a fixed-area, spatially uniform light output. This allows extraneous light to degrade visual performance and limits the viewable film density… More

The high temperature strength of ceramic materials make them attractive for use in high efficiency combustion engines. unfortunately, the poor friction and wear properties of common ceramics often preclude their use in rotating and sliding components. solid state lubricants are a potential solution… More

In order for robotic technology to move into the next generation, it must evolve from standalone component operation to the concept of totally integrated systems of many concurrently executing subsystems that are constantly evolving. further, this technology must support additional system activities… More

Silicon carbide promises near-term insertion in high power, high temperature, applications. The wide band-gap and consequent high breakdown field of silicon carbide theoretically allows efficient high power solid state power amplifiers. Its high thermal conductivity will permit compact devices and… More

Efficient blue and UV lasers are key to high density optical storage, novel communication systems, industrial and medical lasers, and specialized spectroscopic tools. By virtue of their direct bandgap (ranging from 2.09eV-InN to 3.44eV-GaN to 6.2eV-AlN) and lattice-matched heterostructure system,… More

We propose a novel growth technique to produce low defect density GaN substrates - misfit dislocations will be greatly reduced and the defects due to thermal expansion mismatches will be eliminated. In Phase I the feasibility of the technology will be demonstrated. In Phase II, the process will be… More

The ability to control large amounts of power (1-150kW) is necessary in applications ranging from aerospace to consumer electronics to industrial power systems and transportation. In order for silicon and gallium arsenide devices to meets such high power densities, tens of devices must be combined… More

Future aeropropulsion systems require high temperature electronics and integrated sensors to meet desired performance levels. The wide bandgap of silicon carbide (SiC) makes it ideally suited for high temperature operation. To date, virtually all SiC-based devices have been fabricated using 6H-SiC.… More

The demand for higher performance semiconductor devices is pushing the limits of current materials technology. The development of a high dieletric constant capacitor material with 10 - 100 times the charge storage of SiO2 would allow a flat capacitor cell to be used in 256 Mb DRAMs, and simple… More

The development of a dense, fast superconducting memory technology will facilitate the integration of superconducting electronics into space and electonic warfare systems. a superconductor based magnetic memory technology is proposed which can be used to fabricate multimegabit superconductor… More

THE AVAILABILITY OF EFFICIENT BLUE LIGHT EMITTERS WOULD BREAK OPEN COMMERCIAL AND DEFENSE MARKETS IN FULL COLOR DISPLAYS AND HIGH DENSITY OPTICAL STORAGE SYSTEMS. NITRIDE-BASED DEVICES HAVE THE GREATEST POTENTIAL AS HIGH EFFICIENCY EMITTERS BECAUSE OF THEIR DIRECT BANDGAP AND CONVENIENT… More

The primary objective of this proposed work is to develop a method of producing integrally stiffened, complex shaped monolithic structural components in high strength aluminum alloys at a lower cost and lighter weight than equivalent conventional built-up assemblies. In Phase I the feasibility of… More

The development of cold electron emitter technology has the potential for broadly impacting the rapidly growing area of electron spectroscopy. commercially available instrumentation such as auger spectrometers typically employ thermionic electron sources which restrict their scope of use through… More

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of copper for vias and interconnects is critical to manufacture of next generation high speed ULSI devices and has been extensively investigated over the last few years. Although considerable progress has been made commercialization of this technology is currently… More

Sensors and electronics will become increasingly pervassive as weight, fuel efficiency, cost and emissions requirements put increasing demands on vehicle technology. The development of high temperture, integrated sensors and electronics is necessary to cost-effectively address both civilian and… More

As we approach the 21st century, increases in traffic accidents, the creeping paralysis of traffic congestion, and global environmental pollution have focused attention on reconciling the internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicle with the needs of the greater society. The solutions to these… More

All future combustion and electric powered automobiles will be equipped with sensors directly interfaced with control electronics. The control and power electronics for combustion engines will have to cope with high temperatures and adverse environments. Hybrid and electric vehicles require new… More

OHMIC CONTACTS ARE KEY TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SILICON CARBIDE (SIC) HIGH POWER, HIGH TEMPERATURE DEVICES. TO DATE, CONTACTS TO SiC MADE USING CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES HAVE DEMONSTRATED NEITHER LOW CONTACT RESISTANCES NOR LONG TERM STABILITY. IN PHASE I WE WILL DEVELOP LOW RESISTANCE SILICIDE BASED… More

Infrared sensors and sensor arrays are widely used in military and commercial applications such as night vision, medical diagnosis and weather mapping. Expensive quantum effect sensors, such as HgCdTe systems, must be cooled to liquid nitrogen temperatures and are difficult to produce with uniform… More

Structural composites have many applications to 2500 Degrees F and beyond, in oxidizing environments. Oxide fibers within intermetallic or oxide matrices are the top candidate systems for satisfying these conditions. Suitable fiber/matrix interface coatings are critical, but their development has… More

The ability to control large amounts of power (1-150kW) is necessary in applications ranging from aerospace to consumer electronics to industrial power systems and transportation. In order for silicon and gallium arsenide devices to meet such high power densities, tens of devices must be combined to… More

The superior optical properties of BBO and its applicability in frequency doublers and waveguides justifies development of thin film deposition processes which can be integrated with microelectronic processing. The high damage threshold of BBO, a necessary component for device integrity, is a major… More

We propose to demonstrate the feasibility of solar-blind, multi-spectral III-V nitride UV detectors which can meet the requirements of applications in both the military and commercial sectors (missile threat warning, UV search and track, environmental monitoring in gas turbines, and general flame… More

Spatial light modulators (SLM's) have been identified as critical elements in many optical computing and signal processing applications. Typically these devices use expensive bulk ceramics that result in high cost and difficult device integration. Ceramic materials in the PbLaZrTiO3 (PLZT) family… More

Phase I will develop a gas-phase process for the deposition of low dielectric constant polymers for use in integrated circuits. This process will utilize the firm's liquid delivery technology to deliver the reactants and grow films at high deposition rates. Polymerization will be induced by thermal… More

Radiation hardened ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) devices have potential uses in numerous military applications. Until recently, FRAMs have relied on lead zirconate titanate (PZT) as the storage material. However, a new class of materials promises to offer higher device reliability and… More

UV diode detector arrays have a wide range of both commercial and military applications. Examples include spectral measurement and calibration, pollution monitoring, environmental change monitoring, remote sensing of earth resources, solar UV monitoring, burner monitoring in gas turbines, flame… More

Ultrasonic imaging is potentially one of the most versatile diagnostic tools in medicine, yet it istransducer designs. New applications of acoustical microscopy, performed at frequencies above 200 MHminiature transducer geometries to enable in vivo applications and to enhance present in vitro… More

The continued use of arsine gas and/or its derivatives is vital to the manufacture of a wide variety of semiconductor devices. While the use of arsine is growing, it poses serious environmental and safety problems in the industry. New methods must be found that permit the facile trapping and… More

Incorporation of cleavage microcracks on otherwise crack free material is a new approach used in the fabrication of some microelectonics devices. This proposal describes the development of a new computer controlled microindenter system for the farication of microcracks on a crystalline substrate.… More

The potential applications of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have only begun to be recognized. This technology demands thin film materials with exceptional microstructural quality for high performance and processes with high yields. For piezoelectric microactuator applications, thin film… More

Multilayer thin films deposited onto Si wafers often exhibit high residual stresses during processing, leading to structural failure and/or electrical breakdown. Traditional scanning x-ray diffraction provides an accurate measurement of complex stress behavior in multilayer structures, but is… More

The unique properties of semiconducting diamond may be exploited to create novel, compact, low-noise photon and particle detectors. photomultiplier tubes are the detector of choice when light levels are low or when the proper signal must be extracted from a cluttered background. continuous… More

Sensors and control electronics based on SiC offer an opportunity to realize systems with operating temperatures approaching 500 degrees C. The unique high temperature properties and chemical robustness of SiC make it an ideal choice for applications where generic components and sensors need to… More

The III-V nitrides have recently emerged as the primary material system for UV/blue light emitters. Higher bandgap energy (Al,Ga)N alloys are currently employed as cladding layers for GaN and (In,Ga)N active region LEDs and laser structures. Lattice mismatch between the cladding and active regions,… More

Large power handling systems of 1KW to 150KW are required in a many applications ranging from aerospace to consumer electronics to industrial power systems and transportation. Conventional electronic systems, based on silicon or gallium arsenide devices, require a large number of devices enhanced… More

Increasingly strict emissions requirements and the need to increase fuel economy and reduce service intervals have dramatically accelerated the use of monitor and control electronics in engines. traditional methods such as adjusting the air/fuel ratio to optimize catalyst performance are not… More

Integration of many different devices on a single silicon carbide (SiC) substrate is necessary to realize the full potential of high temperature or high power devices for markets ranging from industrial and consumer to military systems to transportation power and control. Integration … More

A $1B commercial blue optoelectronics industry supplying full color displays, high speed communications systems, and high density optical recording devices will happen. The question is: which technology, II-VI materials, III-V nitrides, or silicon carbide and its alloys, will dominate? Theoretical… More

Although imaging in the 8-12 micron spectral region has widespread uses, high background radiation result sin low contrast, and charge storage in SiO2 capacitors limits the signal-to-noise and the upper limit of the dynamic range. A major opportunity exists to increase the performance of IR focal… More

HIGH-DENSITY ENERGY STORAGE AND FAST DISCHARGE WILL BE CRITICAL IN A VARIETY OF HIGH POWER AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS. CAPACITORS ARE IDEAL FOR THESE PURPOSES, AS WELL AS FOR POWER CONDITIONING AND FILTERING. UNFORTUNATELY, BULK POWDER-BASED DIELECTRICS USED IN CAPACITORS HAVE SEVERE LIMITATIONS,… More

Due to its unique properties and its ability to be processed analogously to silicon, silicon carbide (sic) will be an important high temperature, high power, and high frequency electronic material. the barrier to this developing technology was the availability of 6h-sic substrates. however, these… More

Chemical vapor deposition (cvd) of lead-based ferroelectrics such as lead titanate, lead zirconate titanate (pzt), and lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (plzt), is the most promising manufacturing method for a wide variety of next generation electronic devices including radiation-hard non-volatile… More

Aircraft landing gear, and wheels in particular, are subjected to heavy loads during service. Controlled surface compressive stresses help to improve the fatigue life by reducing the probability of crack initiation and propagation from the wheel surface. Manufacturers such as Allied Signal… More

33 Nondestructive Measurements of Key Mechanical Properties of Alloy 718 Welded Structures Using Novel Stress-Strain Microprobe Technology--Advanced Technology Corporation, 661 Emory Valley Road, Suite A, Oak Ridge, TN 37830-7751; (423) 483-5756 Mr. Fahmy M. Haggag, Principal… More

116 High Brightness LEDs based on the (Al, Ga,In)N Materials System--Advanced Technology Materials, Inc., 7 Commerce Drive, Danbury, CT 06810-4131; Dr. Karim Boutros, Principal Investigator Dr. Duncan W. Brown, Business Official DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-97ER82319 Amount: $75,000 Based on a… More

76 Micromachined SiC Sensors For Harsh Environment Applications--Advanced Technology Materials, Inc., 7 Commerce Drive, Danbury, CT 06810-4131; (203) 794-1100 Dr. Gary M. Smith, Principal Investigator Dr. Duncan W. Brown, Business Official DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-97ER82317 Amount: … More

The ongoing explosion of microwave radar and communications systems calls for improvement in electronically scanned antennas (ESAs). However, current ESAs crafted from multiple individual elements are extremely expensive. Forming an antenna with integrated scanning and impedance matching elements… More

The III-V nitrides, (Al, In, Ga)N, are promising materials for high temperature, high power and high frequency devices due to the wide bandgaps, high electron saturation velocity and high electronic mobility transistor (HEMT) structures available in this alloy system. These devices would find… More

Virtual displays have tremendous potential in defense applications such as virtual reality training, battlefield support, and information systems. Full color displays require red, blue, and green LED arrays of which only red is commercially available. This program teams ATMI, a recognized leader in… More

40345 November 12, 1996 Advanced Technology Corporation This project will develop new techniques for in-situ nondestructive measurements of key mechanical properties of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) subjected to irradiation embrittlement. The effort… More

Increasing thermal and power loads in circuitry demand electrical components which can operate at temperatures up to 400 C and beyond . A combination of high bandgap semiconductors and improved dielectrics is needed to solve this problem. ATMI has maj or programs in production of both SiC/GaN… More

In this program we will develop narrow linewidth AlGaN Bragg reflector lasers suitable as injection seeds for solid-state W lasers in the range of 280 to 330 nm. These systems are compact, light weight, and low-power consuming and ideal for airborne lidar systems. Bragg reflector lasers have never… More

Photodiodes have high efficiency since the absorption region thickness is large. However, no GaN p-i-n photodiodes have been reported due to the difficulty in achieving low background doped GaN. This Phase I program seeks to determine the increase in quantum efficiency achievable by the use of a… More

Commercially viable silicon carbide device manufacturing processes depend on an ability to grow'low defect density epitaxial layers. Low defect density epitaxial layers start with pristine SiC substrate surfaces. Epi-ready pristine SiC surfaces are not commercially available. The results of… More

The need for compact solid state ultraviolet light sources includes clinical light sources for a variety of surgeries, analytical instrumentation sources and communications systems based on shorter wavelengths that will be able to handle higher information densities. Such advanced optoelectric… More

Integration of many different devices on a single silicon carbide (SiC) substrate is necessary to realize the full potential of high temperature or high power devices for markets ranging from industrial and consumer to military systems to transportation power and control. Integration … More

116 High Brightness LEDs based on the (Al, Ga,In)N Materials System--Advanced Technology Materials, Inc., 7 Commerce Drive, Danbury, CT 06810-4131; Dr. Karim Boutros, Principal Investigator Dr. Duncan W. Brown, Business Official DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-97ER82319 Amount: $75,000 Based on a… More

The III-V nitrides, (Al, In, Ga)N, are promising materials for high temperature, high power and high frequency devices due to the wide bandgaps, high electron saturation velocity and high electronic mobility transistor (HEMT) structures available in this alloy system. These devices would find… More

Commercially viable silicon carbide device manufacturing processes depend on an ability to grow'low defect density epitaxial layers. Low defect density epitaxial layers start with pristine SiC substrate surfaces. Epi-ready pristine SiC surfaces are not commercially available. The results of… More

Next generation power electronic systems for military aircraft will require capacitors with reliable performance at temperatures from -55 up to 300 degrees C and beyond for filters, power converters and other control circuitry. Thin film integrated passive devices with lower dissipation and… More

Silicon carbide (SiC) is an ideal semiconductor material for high temperature, high frequency, and high power electronic devices. A SiC technology analogous to silicon - on -insulator (SOI) will be feasible if a suitable dopant precursor and epitaxial growth technique to produce semi-insulating SiC… More

Metal-ferroelectric-semiconductor field effect transistors (MFS-FETs) have a can be used as nonvolatile memory devices. The primary ferroelectric materials for these devices are perovskite oxides such as lead zirconium titanate (PZT) and strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT). These materials contain… More

A major objective of the proposed work is to generate a preliminary design for a PCMCIA-based vibration data collection system that provides better portability, a higher level of standardization and greater cost-effectiveness than is currently The feasibility of a PCMCIA carbased vibration data… More

During Phase I, we will develop the technology for a field use instrument to determine the residual stress, fatigue damage and remaining service life for aging metal structures. The technology will be based on a state-of -the-art wide-angle x-ray detector recently developed at ATMI. The life span… More

GaN-based p-i-n photodiodes are in ideal choice for the Air Force's UV radiation measurements needs since these solid-state detectors are compact, light, and have low power consumption. However, current GaN photodiodes have much larger dark currents than expected. This Phase I program seeks to… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) ATL will develop the WBTC to facilitate collaborative Hazwoper training for groups of participants in remote locations in real time using internet technology. This unique product will facilitate training that draws upon the work experiences and skills of the… More

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The primary aim is to facilitate the development and delivery of live, interactive HAZWOPER training through the use of internet-based Advanced Training Technologies (ATT). To this end, ATL has designed the ATL Web-based Training Center as a fully integrated… More