| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. Commentaries Is 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 a good therapeutic target for blockade of glucocorticoid actions? George P. Chrousos Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6329–6330. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401671101.PMCID: PMC404042 Behavior of fluids in nanoscopic space Sandip Niyogi and Robert C. Haddon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6331–6332. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401508101.PMCID: PMC404043 The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge Hugo D. Critchley Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6333–6334. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401510101.PMCID: PMC404044 Physical Sciences Engineering Deformation mechanisms in free-standing nanoscale thin films: A quantitative in situ transmission electron microscope study M. A. Haque and M. T. A. Saif Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6335–6340. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400066101.PMCID: PMC404045 Geophysics Bipolar correlation of volcanism with millennial climate change Ryan C. Bay, Nathan Bramall, and P. Buford Price Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6341–6345. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400323101.PMCID: PMC404046 Industrial emissions cause extreme urban ozone diurnal variability Renyi Zhang, Wenfang Lei, Xuexi Tie, and Peter Hess Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6346–6350. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401484101.PMCID: PMC404047 Biological Sciences Agricultural Sciences Nitrogen-bonded aromatics in soil organic matter and their implications for a yield decline in intensive rice cropping K. Schmidt-Rohr, J.-D. Mao, and D. C. Olk Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6351–6354. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401349101.PMCID: PMC404048 Applied Biological Sciences Spatiotemporal control of gene expression with pulse-generating networks Subhayu Basu, Rishabh Mehreja, Stephan Thiberge, Ming-Tang Chen, and Ron Weiss Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6355–6360. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307571101.PMCID: PMC404049 From the Cover: Functional expression of a Δ12 fatty acid desaturase gene from spinach in transgenic pigs Kazuhiro Saeki, Kazuya Matsumoto, Mikio Kinoshita, Iwane Suzuki, Yasushi Tasaka, Koichiro Kano, Yoshitomo Taguchi, Koji Mikami, Masumi Hirabayashi, Naomi Kashiwazaki, Yoshihiko Hosoi, Norio Murata, and Akira Iritani Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6361–6366. Published online 2004 April 5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308111101.PMCID: PMC404050 Biochemistry Crystal structure of the von Willebrand factor A domain of human capillary morphogenesis protein 2: An anthrax toxin receptor D. Borden Lacy, Darran J. Wigelsworth, Heather M. Scobie, John A. T. Young, and R. John Collier Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6367–6372. Published online 2004 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401506101.PMCID: PMC404051 Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/Ddx25) is essential for spermatid development and completion of spermatogenesis Chon-Hwa Tsai-Morris, Yi Sheng, Eric Lee, Ke-Jian Lei, and Maria L. Dufau Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6373–6378. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401855101.PMCID: PMC404052 Small Maf proteins serve as transcriptional cofactors for keratinocyte differentiation in the Keap1–Nrf2 regulatory pathway Hozumi Motohashi, Fumiki Katsuoka, James Douglas Engel, and Masayuki Yamamoto Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6379–6384. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305902101.PMCID: PMC404053 BofA protein inhibits intramembrane proteolysis of pro-σK in an intercompartmental signaling pathway during Bacillus subtilis sporulation Ruanbao Zhou and Lee Kroos Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6385–6390. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307709101.PMCID: PMC404054 Escherichia coli nucleoside diphosphate kinase does not act as a uracil-processing DNA repair nuclease Samuel E. Bennett, Cheng-Yao Chen, and Dale W. Mosbaugh Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6391–6396. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401031101.PMCID: PMC404055 Semisynthesis of a segmental isotopically labeled protein splicing precursor: NMR evidence for an unusual peptide bond at the N-extein–intein junction Alessandra Romanelli, Alexander Shekhtman, David Cowburn, and Tom W. Muir Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6397–6402. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0306616101.PMCID: PMC404056 From the Cover: Genome-wide RNA interference screen identifies previously undescribed regulators of polyglutamine aggregation Ellen A. A. Nollen, Susana M. Garcia, Gijs van Haaften, Soojin Kim, Alejandro Chavez, Richard I. Morimoto, and Ronald H. A. Plasterk Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6403–6408. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307697101.PMCID: PMC404057 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency increases fatty acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase in liver Pawel Dobrzyn, Agnieszka Dobrzyn, Makoto Miyazaki, Paul Cohen, Esra Asilmaz, D. Grahame Hardie, Jeffrey M. Friedman, and James M. Ntambi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6409–6414. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401627101.PMCID: PMC404058 A signal-arrest-release sequence mediates export and control of the phage P1 endolysin Min Xu, Douglas K. Struck, John Deaton, Ing-Nang Wang, and Ry Young Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6415–6420. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400957101.PMCID: PMC404059 New RNA motifs suggest an expanded scope for riboswitches in bacterial genetic control Jeffrey E. Barrick, Keith A. Corbino, Wade C. Winkler, Ali Nahvi, Maumita Mandal, Jennifer Collins, Mark Lee, Adam Roth, Narasimhan Sudarsan, Inbal Jona, J. Kenneth Wickiser, and Ronald R. Breaker Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6421–6426. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308014101.PMCID: PMC404060 Modulation of mammalian cell growth and death by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cytochrome c Yoshinori Hiraoka, Tohru Yamada, Masatoshi Goto, Tapas K. Das Gupta, and Ananda M. Chakrabarty Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6427–6432. Published online 2004 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401631101.PMCID: PMC404061 Biophysics Counteraction of urea-induced protein denaturation by trimethylamine N-oxide: A chemical chaperone at atomic resolution Brian J. Bennion and Valerie Daggett Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6433–6438. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308633101.PMCID: PMC404062 Single-molecule assay reveals strand switching and enhanced processivity of UvrD Marie-Noëlle Dessinges, Timothée Lionnet, Xu Guang Xi, David Bensimon, and Vincent Croquette Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6439–6444. Published online 2004 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0306713101.PMCID: PMC404063 Stochastic model of protein–protein interaction: Why signaling proteins need to be colocalized Nizar N. Batada, Larry A. Shepp, and David O. Siegmund Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6445–6449. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401314101.PMCID: PMC404064 Demonstration of a low-energy on-pathway intermediate in a fast-folding protein by kinetics, protein engineering, and simulation Per Jemth, Stefano Gianni, Ryan Day, Bin Li, Christopher M. Johnson, Valerie Daggett, and Alan R. Fersht Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6450–6455. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401732101.PMCID: PMC404065 Simulations of the role of water in the protein-folding mechanism Young Min Rhee, Eric J. Sorin, Guha Jayachandran, Erik Lindahl, and Vijay S. Pande Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6456–6461. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307898101.PMCID: PMC404066 Single-molecule high-resolution imaging with photobleaching Matthew P. Gordon, Taekjip Ha, and Paul R. Selvin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6462–6465. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401638101.PMCID: PMC404067 Freezing immunoglobulins to see them move L. Bongini, D. Fanelli, F. Piazza, P. De Los Rios, S. Sandin, and U. Skoglund Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6466–6471. Published online 2004 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400119101.PMCID: PMC404068 Cell Biology The estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) functions in PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)-induced mitochondrial biogenesis Sylvia N. Schreiber, Roger Emter, M. Benjamin Hock, Darko Knutti, Jessica Cardenas, Michael Podvinec, Edward J. Oakeley, and Anastasia Kralli Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6472–6477. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308686101.PMCID: PMC404069 The Six1 homeoprotein stimulates tumorigenesis by reactivation of cyclin A1 Ricardo D. Coletta, Kimberly Christensen, Kelly J. Reichenberger, Justin Lamb, Damian Micomonaco, Lili Huang, Douglas M. Wolf, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Todd R. Golub, Kiyoshi Kawakami, and Heide L. Ford Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6478–6483. Published online 2004 April 26. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401139101.PMCID: PMC404070 Human Claspin works with BRCA1 to both positively and negatively regulate cell proliferation Shiaw-Yih Lin, Kaiyi Li, Grant S. Stewart, and Stephen J. Elledge Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6484–6489. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401847101.PMCID: PMC404071 Lactosylceramide recruits PKCα/ε and phospholipase A2 to stimulate PECAM-1 expression in human monocytes and adhesion to endothelial cells NanLing Gong, Heming Wei, Sanaul Haq Chowdhury, and Subroto Chatterjee Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6490–6495. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308684101.PMCID: PMC404072 Developmental Biology Irregular telomeres impair meiotic synapsis and recombination in mice Lin Liu, Sonia Franco, Barbara Spyropoulos, Peter B. Moens, Maria A. Blasco, and David L. Keefe Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6496–6501. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400755101.PMCID: PMC404073 Essential role of Sox9 in the pathway that controls formation of cardiac valves and septa Haruhiko Akiyama, Marie-Christine Chaboissier, Richard R. Behringer, David H. Rowitch, Andreas Schedl, Jonathan A. Epstein, and Benoit de Crombrugghe Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6502–6507. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401711101.PMCID: PMC404074 Lineage specificity of gene expression patterns Yuval Kluger, David P. Tuck, Joseph T. Chang, Yasuhiro Nakayama, Ranjana Poddar, Naohiko Kohya, Zheng Lian, Abdelhakim Ben Nasr, H. Ruth Halaban, Diane S. Krause, Xueqing Zhang, Peter E. Newburger, and Sherman M. Weissman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6508–6513. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401136101.PMCID: PMC404075 Evolution Giant tortoises are not so slow: Rapid diversification and biogeographic consensus in the Galápagos Luciano B. Beheregaray, James P. Gibbs, Nathan Havill, Thomas H. Fritts, Jeffrey R. Powell, and Adalgisa Caccone Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6514–6519. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400393101.PMCID: PMC404076 Persistence of an extreme sex-ratio bias in a natural population Emily A. Dyson and Gregory D. D. Hurst Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6520–6523. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0304068101.PMCID: PMC404077 Transgenic study of parallelism in plant morphological evolution Ho-Sung Yoon and David A. Baum Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6524–6529. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401824101.PMCID: PMC404078 Polyandry in a marine turtle: Females make the best of a bad job Patricia L. M. Lee and Graeme C. Hays Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6530–6535. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307982101.PMCID: PMC404079 Estimating metazoan divergence times with a molecular clock Kevin J. Peterson, Jessica B. Lyons, Kristin S. Nowak, Carter M. Takacs, Matthew J. Wargo, and Mark A. McPeek Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6536–6541. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401670101.PMCID: PMC404080 Human centromere repositioning “in progress” David J. Amor, Karen Bentley, Jacinta Ryan, Jo Perry, Lee Wong, Howard Slater, and K. H. Andy Choo Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6542–6547. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308637101.PMCID: PMC404081 Genetics RNA interference microarrays: High-throughput loss-of-function genetics in mammalian cells Jose M. Silva, Hana Mizuno, Amy Brady, Robert Lucito, and Gregory J. Hannon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6548–6552. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400165101.PMCID: PMC404082 From the Cover: Suppressor screen in Mpl-/- mice: c-Myb mutation causes supraphysiological production of platelets in the absence of thrombopoietin signaling Marina R. Carpinelli, Douglas J. Hilton, Donald Metcalf, Jennifer L. Antonchuk, Craig D. Hyland, Sandra L. Mifsud, Ladina Di Rago, Adrienne A. Hilton, Tracy A. Willson, Andrew W. Roberts, Robert G. Ramsay, Nicos A. Nicola, and Warren S. Alexander Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6553–6558. Published online 2004 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401496101.PMCID: PMC404083 Protein ranking: From local to global structure in the protein similarity network Jason Weston, Andre Elisseeff, Dengyong Zhou, Christina S. Leslie, and William Stafford Noble Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6559–6563. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308067101.PMCID: PMC404084 Cells have distinct mechanisms to maintain protection against different reactive oxygen species: Oxidative-stress-response genes Geoffrey W. Thorpe, Chii S. Fong, Nazif Alic, Vincent J. Higgins, and Ian W. Dawes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6564–6569. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305888101.PMCID: PMC404085 Errα and Gabpa/b specify PGC-1α-dependent oxidative phosphorylation gene expression that is altered in diabetic muscle Vamsi K. Mootha, Christoph Handschin, Dan Arlow, Xiaohui Xie, Julie St. Pierre, Smita Sihag, Wenli Yang, David Altshuler, Pere Puigserver, Nick Patterson, Patricia J. Willy, Ira G. Schulman, Richard A. Heyman, Eric S. Lander, and Bruce M. Spiegelman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6570–6575. Published online 2004 April 20. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401401101.PMCID: PMC404086 Functional classification of proteins and protein variants Albert Y. Lau and Daniel I. Chasman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6576–6581. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305043101.PMCID: PMC404087 Regulation of ultraviolet light-induced gene expression by gene size Bruce C. McKay, Lawton J. Stubbert, Casey C. Fowler, Jennifer M. Smith, Robin A. Cardamore, and Jennifer C. Spronck Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6582–6586. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308181101.PMCID: PMC404088 Immunology The membrane organization of leukotriene synthesis Asim K. Mandal, Jesse Skoch, Brian J. Bacskai, Bradley T. Hyman, Peter Christmas, Douglas Miller, Ting-ting D. Yamin, Shihua Xu, Douglas Wisniewski, Jilly F. Evans, and Roy J. Soberman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6587–6592. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308523101.PMCID: PMC404089 Requirement for a conserved Toll/interleukin-1 resistance domain protein in the Caenorhabditis elegans immune response Nicole T. Liberati, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Dennis H. Kim, Rhonda Feinbaum, Douglas T. Golenbock, and Frederick M. Ausubel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6593–6598. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308625101.PMCID: PMC404090 Fas-disabling small exocyclic peptide mimetics limit apoptosis by an unexpected mechanism Akihiro Hasegawa, Xin Cheng, Kiichi Kajino, Alan Berezov, Kaoru Murata, Toshinori Nakayama, Hideo Yagita, Ramachandran Murali, and Mark I. Greene Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6599–6604. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401597101.PMCID: PMC404091 Medical Sciences Identification of the antivasopermeability effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor and its active site Hua Liu, Jian-Guo Ren, William L. Cooper, Charles E. Hawkins, Mitra R. Cowan, and Patrick Y. Tong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6605–6610. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308342101.PMCID: PMC404092 Expression of the cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) protects Hodgkin's lymphoma cells from autonomous Fas-mediated death A. Dutton, J. D. O'Neil, A. E. Milner, G. M. Reynolds, J. Starczynski, J. Crocker, L. S. Young, and P. G. Murray Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6611–6616. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400765101.PMCID: PMC404093 Apoptosis-inducing signal sequence mutation in carbonic anhydrase IV identified in patients with the RP17 form of retinitis pigmentosa George Rebello, Rajkumar Ramesar, Alvera Vorster, Lisa Roberts, Liezle Ehrenreich, Ekow Oppon, Dumisani Gama, Soraya Bardien, Jacquie Greenberg, Giuseppe Bonapace, Abdul Waheed, Gul N. Shah, and William S. Sly Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6617–6622. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401529101.PMCID: PMC404094 Dissecting the pathological effects of human Aβ40 and Aβ42 in Drosophila: A potential model for Alzheimer's disease Koichi Iijima, Hsin-Ping Liu, Ann-Shyn Chiang, Stephen A. Hearn, Mary Konsolaki, and Yi Zhong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6623–6628. Published online 2004 April 6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400895101.PMCID: PMC404095 Suppression of tumor growth and cell proliferation by p13II, a mitochondrial protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 Micol Silic-Benussi, Ilaria Cavallari, Tatiana Zorzan, Elisabetta Rossi, Hajime Hiraragi, Antonio Rosato, Kyoji Horie, Daniela Saggioro, Michael D. Lairmore, Luc Willems, Luigi Chieco-Bianchi, Donna M. D'Agostino, and Vincenzo Ciminale Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6629–6634. Published online 2004 April 20. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305502101.PMCID: PMC404096 Toxicity from radiation therapy associated with abnormal transcriptional responses to DNA damage Kerri E. Rieger, Wan-Jen Hong, Virginia Goss Tusher, Jean Tang, Robert Tibshirani, and Gilbert Chu Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6635–6640. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307761101.PMCID: PMC404097 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice Himani Bisht, Anjeanette Roberts, Leatrice Vogel, Alexander Bukreyev, Peter L. Collins, Brian R. Murphy, Kanta Subbarao, and Bernard Moss Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6641–6646. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401939101.PMCID: PMC404098 Requirement for Arf6 in breast cancer invasive activities Shigeru Hashimoto, Yasuhito Onodera, Ari Hashimoto, Miwa Tanaka, Michinari Hamaguchi, Atsuko Yamada, and Hisataka Sabe Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6647–6652. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401753101.PMCID: PMC404099 Tob deficiency superenhances osteoblastic activity after ovariectomy to block estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis Michihiko Usui, Yutaka Yoshida, Kunikazu Tsuji, Kaoru Oikawa, Kohei Miyazono, Isao Ishikawa, Tadashi Yamamoto, Akira Nifuji, and Masaki Noda Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6653–6658. Published online 2004 April 20. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0303093101.PMCID: PMC404100 Long-term calorie restriction is highly effective in reducing the risk for atherosclerosis in humans Luigi Fontana, Timothy E. Meyer, Samuel Klein, and John O. Holloszy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6659–6663. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308291101.PMCID: PMC404101 Microbiology Pseudomonas aeruginosa regulates flagellin expression as part of a global response to airway fluid from cystic fibrosis patients Matthew C. Wolfgang, Jeevan Jyot, Andrew L. Goodman, Reuben Ramphal, and Stephen Lory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6664–6668. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307553101.PMCID: PMC404102 Genomic analysis of the host response to hepatitis B virus infection Stefan Wieland, Robert Thimme, Robert H. Purcell, and Francis V. Chisari Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6669–6674. Published online 2004 April 20. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401771101.PMCID: PMC404103 Ancestral hemoglobins in Archaea Tracey Allen K. Freitas, Shaobin Hou, Elhadji M. Dioum, Jennifer A. Saito, James Newhouse, Gonzalo Gonzalez, Marie-Alda Gilles-Gonzalez, and Maqsudul Alam Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6675–6680. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308657101.PMCID: PMC404104 A modular minimal cell model: Purine and pyrimidine transport and metabolism M. Castellanos, D. B. Wilson, and M. L. Shuler Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6681–6686. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400962101.PMCID: PMC404105 Neuroscience Bistable UV pigment in the lamprey pineal Mitsumasa Koyanagi, Emi Kawano, Yoshimi Kinugawa, Tadashi Oishi, Yoshinori Shichida, Satoshi Tamotsu, and Akihisa Terakita Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6687–6691. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400819101.PMCID: PMC404106 Improving vision in adult amblyopia by perceptual learning Uri Polat, Tova Ma-Naim, Michael Belkin, and Dov Sagi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6692–6697. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401200101.PMCID: PMC404107 Fibrin depletion decreases inflammation and delays the onset of demyelination in a tumor necrosis factor transgenic mouse model for multiple sclerosis Katerina Akassoglou, Ryan A. Adams, Jan Bauer, Peter Mercado, Vivian Tseveleki, Hans Lassmann, Lesley Probert, and Sidney Strickland Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6698–6703. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0303859101.PMCID: PMC404108 Corazonin receptor signaling in ecdysis initiation Young-Joon Kim, Ivana Spalovská-Valachová, Kook-Ho Cho, Inka Zitnanova, Yoonseong Park, Michael E. Adams, and Dušan Žitňan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6704–6709. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305291101.PMCID: PMC404109 The anatomy of semantic knowledge: Medial vs. lateral temporal lobe D. A. Levy, P. J. Bayley, and L. R. Squire Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6710–6715. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401679101.PMCID: PMC404110 Histamine modulates thalamocortical activity by activating a chloride conductance in ferret perigeniculate neurons Kendall H. Lee, Christian Broberger, Uhnoh Kim, and David A. McCormick Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6716–6721. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400817101.PMCID: PMC404111 Cooperative synchronized assemblies enhance orientation discrimination Jason M. Samonds, John D. Allison, Heather A. Brown, and A. B. Bonds Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6722–6727. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401661101.PMCID: PMC404112 Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 phosphorylates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and regulates its transcriptional activity Amy K. Y. Fu, Wing-Yu Fu, Alberto K. Y. Ng, Winnie W. Y. Chien, Yu-Pong Ng, Jerry H. Wang, and Nancy Y. Ip Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6728–6733. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307606100.PMCID: PMC404113 From the Cover: 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition improves cognitive function in healthy elderly men and type 2 diabetics Thekkepat C. Sandeep, Joyce L. W. Yau, Alasdair M. J. MacLullich, June Noble, Ian J. Deary, Brian R. Walker, and Jonathan R. Seckl Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6734–6739. Published online 2004 April 7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0306996101.PMCID: PMC404114 Reconstruction of in vivo time-evolving neuroendocrine dose–response properties unveils admixed deterministic and stochastic elements Daniel M. Keenan, Susan Alexander, Clifford H. G. Irvine, Iain Clarke, Chris Scott, Anne Turner, A. J. Tilbrook, B. J. Canny, and Johannes D. Veldhuis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6740–6745. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0300619101.PMCID: PMC404115 Evidence for two distinct binding sites for tau on microtubules Victoria Makrides, Michelle R. Massie, Stuart C. Feinstein, and John Lew Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6746–6751. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400992101.PMCID: PMC404116 Extracellular acidosis increases neuronal cell calcium by activating acid-sensing ion channel 1a Olena Yermolaieva, A. Soren Leonard, Mikael K. Schnizler, Francois M. Abboud, and Michael J. Welsh Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6752–6757. Published online 2004 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308636100.PMCID: PMC404117 Human posterior auditory cortex gates novel sounds to consciousness Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Jyrki Ahveninen, Giorgio Bonmassar, Anders M. Dale, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Sari Levänen, Fa-Hsuan Lin, Patrick May, Jennifer Melcher, Steven Stufflebeam, Hannu Tiitinen, and John W. Belliveau Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6809–6814. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0303760101.PMCID: PMC404127 Pharmacology Activation of dopamine D4 receptors by ABT-724 induces penile erection in rats Jorge D. Brioni, Robert B. Moreland, Marlon Cowart, Gin C. Hsieh, Andrew O. Stewart, Petter Hedlund, Diana L. Donnelly-Roberts, Masaki Nakane, James J. Lynch, III, Teodozyi Kolasa, James S. Polakowski, Mark A. Osinski, Kennan Marsh, Karl-Erik Andersson, and James P. Sullivan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6758–6763. Published online 2004 April 15. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308292101.PMCID: PMC404118 Physiology Isotopolog perturbation techniques for metabolic networks: Metabolic recycling of nutritional glucose in Drosophila melanogaster Wolfgang Eisenreich, Christian Ettenhuber, Ralf Laupitz, Cornelia Theus, and Adelbert Bacher Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6764–6769. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400916101.PMCID: PMC404119 A role of reactive oxygen species in apoptotic activation of volume-sensitive Cl- channel Takahiro Shimizu, Tomohiro Numata, and Yasunobu Okada Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6770–6773. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401604101.PMCID: PMC404120 Zymogen granule exocytosis is characterized by long fusion pore openings and preservation of vesicle lipid identity Peter Thorn, Kevin E. Fogarty, and Ian Parker Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6774–6779. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400336101.PMCID: PMC404121 Dominant inhibitory adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF)/resistin enhances adipogenesis and improves insulin sensitivity Kee-Hong Kim, Ling Zhao, Yangsoo Moon, Chulho Kang, and Hei Sook Sul Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6780–6785. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0305905101.PMCID: PMC404122 Plant Biology Engineering tropane biosynthetic pathway in Hyoscyamus niger hairy root cultures Lei Zhang, Ruxian Ding, Yourong Chai, Mercedes Bonfill, Elisabet Moyano, Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey, Tiefeng Xu, Yan Pi, Zinan Wang, Hanming Zhang, Guoyin Kai, Zhihua Liao, Xiaofen Sun, and Kexuan Tang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6786–6791. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401391101.PMCID: PMC404123 Arabidopsis thaliana has the enzymatic machinery for replicating representative viroid species of the family Pospiviroidae José-Antonio Daròs and Ricardo Flores Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6792–6797. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401090101.PMCID: PMC404124 The Arabidopsis repressor of light signaling, COP1, is regulated by nuclear exclusion: Mutational analysis by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer Chitra Subramanian, Byung-Hoon Kim, Nicholas N. Lyssenko, Xiaodong Xu, Carl Hirschie Johnson, and Albrecht G. von Arnim Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6798–6802. Published online 2004 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307964101.PMCID: PMC404125 Arabidopsis EIN3-binding F-box 1 and 2 form ubiquitin-protein ligases that repress ethylene action and promote growth by directing EIN3 degradation Jennifer M. Gagne, Jan Smalle, Derek J. Gingerich, Joseph M. Walker, Sang-Dong Yoo, Shuichi Yanagisawa, and Richard D. Vierstra Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6803–6808. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401698101.PMCID: PMC404126 Psychology Human posterior auditory cortex gates novel sounds to consciousness Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Jyrki Ahveninen, Giorgio Bonmassar, Anders M. Dale, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Sari Levänen, Fa-Hsuan Lin, Patrick May, Jennifer Melcher, Steven Stufflebeam, Hannu Tiitinen, and John W. Belliveau Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6809–6814. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0303760101.PMCID: PMC404127 Brain networks underlying human timing behavior are influenced by prior context Kelly J. Jantzen, Fred L. Steinberg, and J. A. Scott Kelso Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6815–6820. Published online 2004 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401300101.PMCID: PMC404128 Social Sciences Anthropology From the Cover: Stone Age hut in Israel yields world's oldest evidence of bedding Dani Nadel, Ehud Weiss, Orit Simchoni, Alexander Tsatskin, Avinoam Danin, and Mordechai Kislev Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6821–6826. Published online 2004 April 16. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0308557101.PMCID: PMC404215 Psychology Parietal cortex and representation of the mental Self Hans C. Lou, Bruce Luber, Michael Crupain, Julian P. Keenan, Markus Nowak, Troels W. Kjaer, Harold A. Sackeim, and Sarah H. Lisanby Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6827–6832. Published online 2004 April 19. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400049101.PMCID: PMC404216 Corrections Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6833. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0402075101.PMCID: PMC404131 Corrects: Jacob B. Hansen, et al. Retinoblastoma protein functions as a molecular switch determining white versus brown adipocyte differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 March 23; 101(12): 4112–4117. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6833. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401856101.PMCID: PMC404132 Corrects: Patricia V. Burgos, et al. Cholesterol depletion induces PKA-mediated basolateral-to-apical transcytosis of the scavenger receptor class B type I in MDCK cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 March 16; 101(11): 3845–3850. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6834. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401763101.PMCID: PMC404133 Corrects: Sharon Cantor, et al. The BRCA1-associated protein BACH1 is a DNA helicase targeted by clinically relevant inactivating mutations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 February 24; 101(8): 2357–2362. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6834. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0401899101.PMCID: PMC404134 Corrects: Frederik W. van Ginkel, et al. Pneumococcal carriage results in ganglioside-mediated olfactory tissue infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 November 25; 100(24): 14363–14367. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 April 27; 101(17): 6834. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0402005101.PMCID: PMC404135 Corrects: Kenolisa C. Onwueme, et al. Mycobacterial polyketide-associated proteins are acyltransferases: Proof of principle with Mycobacterium tuberculosis PapA5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 March 30; 101(13): 4608–4613. |