Greenhouse Gas Reference Network Site Information
The Reference Network is a part of NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, Colorado. The measurement programs include:
- Measurements at 4 NOAA/ESRL baseline observatories
- Measurements at multiple tall towers
- Air samples collected by volunteers at more than 50 sites
- Air samples collected regularly from small aircraft mostly in North America
- Vertical profiles using balloons and the Aircore sampling system
167 sites in 46 countries
Code | Name | Country | Latitude | Longitude | Elevation (meters) | Time from GMT | Project | Cooperating Agency |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AAO* | Airborne Aerosol Observatory, Bondville, Illinois | United States | 40.050 | -88.370 | 230.0 | -6 hours | NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
Airborne Flasks* |
ABP* | Arembepe, Bahia | Brazil | -12.770 | -38.170 | 1.0 | -3 hours | Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, Centro de Quimica e Meio Ambiente, Laboratorio de Quimica Atmosferica |
Surface Flasks* |
ALT | Alert, Nunavut | Canada | 82.451 | -62.507 | 190.0 | -4 hours | Environment Canada |
Surface Flasks |
AMS* | Amsterdam Island | France | -37.798 | 77.538 | 55.0 | +5 hours | Centre des Faibles Radioactivities/TAAF |
Surface Flasks* |
AMT | Argyle, Maine | United States | 45.035 | -68.682 | 53.0 | -5 hours | University of Maine |
In Situ Tall Tower Surface Flasks |
AMY | Anmyeon-do | Republic of Korea | 36.539 | 126.329 | 85.1 | +9 hours | Korea Global Atmosphere Watch Center, Korea Meteorological Administration |
Surface Flasks |
ARM* | Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (SGP) | United States | 36.800 | -97.500 | -9999.99 | -6 hours |
Airborne Flasks* |
|
ASC | Ascension Island | United Kingdom | -7.967 | -14.400 | 85.0 | -1 hours | Met Office (United Kingdom) |
Surface Flasks |
ASK | Assekrem | Algeria | 23.262 | 5.632 | 2710.0 | +1 hours | Office National de la Meteorologie |
Surface Flasks |
AVI* | St. Croix, Virgin Islands | United States | 17.750 | -64.750 | 3.0 | -4 hours | Fairleigh Dickinson University |
Surface Flasks* |
AZR | Terceira Island, Azores | Portugal | 38.766 | -27.375 | 19.0 | -1 hours | Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia e Geofisica |
Surface Flasks |
BAL* | Baltic Sea | Poland | 55.350 | 17.220 | 3.0 | +1 hours | Morski Instytut Rybacki |
Surface Flasks* |
BAO | Boulder Atmospheric Observatory, Colorado | United States | 40.050 | -105.004 | 1584.0 | -7 hours | Private Party; ESRL Physical Sciences Division; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
In Situ Tall Tower Airborne Flasks* Surface Flasks |
BGI* | Bradgate, Iowa | United States | 42.820 | -94.410 | 355.1 | -6 hours | Hap's Air Service |
Airborne Flasks* |
BHD | Baring Head Station | New Zealand | -41.408 | 174.871 | 85.0 | +12 hours | National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research |
Surface Flasks |
BKT | Bukit Kototabang | Indonesia | -0.202 | 100.318 | 845.0 | +7 hours | Bureau of Meteorology and Geophysics |
Surface Flasks |
BME* | St. Davids Head, Bermuda | United Kingdom | 32.368 | -64.648 | 12.0 | -4 hours | Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences |
Surface Flasks* |
BMW | Tudor Hill, Bermuda | United Kingdom | 32.265 | -64.879 | 30.0 | -4 hours | Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences |
Surface Flasks |
BNE* | Beaver Crossing, Nebraska | United States | 40.800 | -97.180 | 465.9 | -6 hours | Hap's Air Service |
Airborne Flasks* |
BRW | Barrow, Alaska | United States | 71.323 | -156.611 | 11.0 | -9 hours | NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
In Situ Observatory Surface Flasks |
BSC* | Black Sea, Constanta | Romania | 44.178 | 28.665 | 0.0 | +2 hours | Romanian Marine Research Institute |
Surface Flasks* |
CAR | Briggsdale, Colorado | United States | 40.635 | -104.327 | 1488.0 | -7 hours | Weisbart Aircraft Services |
Airborne Flasks |
CBA | Cold Bay, Alaska | United States | 55.210 | -162.720 | 21.3 | -9 hours | U.S. National Weather Service |
Surface Flasks |
CGO | Cape Grim, Tasmania | Australia | -40.683 | 144.690 | 94.0 | +10 hours | CSIRO, Atmospheric Research |
Surface Flasks |
CHR | Christmas Island | Republic of Kiribati | 1.700 | -157.152 | 0.0 | -10 hours | Dive Kiribati |
Surface Flasks |
CHS | Cherskii | Russia | 68.513 | 161.531 | 30.0 | +11 hours |
Surface In Situ |
|
CIB | Centro de Investigacion de la Baja Atmosfera (CIBA) | Spain | 41.810 | -4.930 | 845.0 | +1 hours | Centro de Investigacion de la Baja Atmosfera, Univ. of Valladolid |
Surface Flasks |
CMA | Cape May, New Jersey | United States | 38.830 | -74.320 | 0.0 | -5 hours | AirTec, Inc |
Airborne Flasks |
CMO* | Cape Meares, Oregon | United States | 45.478 | -123.969 | 30.0 | -8 hours | Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology |
Surface Flasks* |
COS* | Cosmos | Peru | -12.120 | -75.330 | 4600.0 | -5 hours | Instituto Geofisico de Peru |
Surface Flasks* |
CPT | Cape Point | South Africa | -34.352 | 18.489 | 230.0 | +2 hours | South African Weather Service |
Surface Flasks |
CRV | Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE) | United States | 64.986 | -147.598 | 611.4 | -8 hours | NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; NOAA/NESDIS/OSPO/FCDAS |
In Situ Tall Tower Airborne Flasks Surface Flasks |
CRZ | Crozet Island | France | -46.434 | 51.848 | 197.0 | +5 hours | Centre des Faibles Radioactivities/TAAF |
Surface Flasks |
DND | Dahlen, North Dakota | United States | 47.500 | -99.240 | 472.4 | -6 hours | FARGO JET CENTER |
Airborne Flasks |
DRP | Drake Passage | N/A | -59.000 | -64.690 | 0.0 | -4 hours | National Science Foundation |
Surface Flasks |
DSI | Dongsha Island | Taiwan | 20.699 | 116.730 | 3.0 | +8 hours | National Central University, Taiwan |
Surface Flasks |
EIC | Easter Island | Chile | -27.160 | -109.428 | 47.0 | -7 hours | Direccion Meteorologica de Chile |
Surface Flasks |
ESP | Estevan Point, British Columbia | Canada | 49.383 | -126.544 | 7.0 | -8 hours | Private Party |
Airborne Flasks |
ETL | East Trout Lake, Saskatchewan | Canada | 54.350 | -104.983 | 492.0 | -6 hours | Environment Canada |
Airborne Flasks |
FLK* | Falkland Islands | United Kingdom | -51.700 | -57.870 | 51.0 | -5 hours | British Meteorological Service |
Surface Flasks* |
FTL* | Fortaleza | Brazil | -3.520 | -38.280 | 3.0 | -3 hours | LBA INPE/CPTEC |
Airborne Flasks* |
FWI* | Fairchild, Wisconsin | United States | 44.660 | -90.960 | 334.3 | -6 hours | Hap's Air Service |
Airborne Flasks* |
GLF* | Conejo | Mexico | 18.720 | -95.630 | 113.0 | -6 hours | Sistema Internacional de Monitoreo Ambiental |
Surface Flasks* |
GMI | Mariana Islands | Guam | 13.386 | 144.656 | 0.0 | +10 hours | University of Guam/Marine Laboratory |
Surface Flasks |
GOZ* | Dwejra Point, Gozo | Malta | 36.048 | 14.889 | 1.0 | +1 hours | Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Environment |
Surface Flasks* |
HAA* | Molokai Island, Hawaii | United States | 21.230 | -158.950 | 3.0 | -10 hours | Pacific Air Charters, Inc. |
Airborne Flasks* |
HBA | Halley Station, Antarctica | United Kingdom | -75.605 | -26.210 | 30.0 | -2 hours | British Antarctic Survey |
Surface Flasks |
HFM* | Harvard Forest, Massachusetts | United States | 42.538 | -72.171 | 340.0 | -5 hours | FOUR STAR AVIATION; Boston University |
Airborne Flasks* |
HIL | Homer, Illinois | United States | 40.070 | -87.910 | 201.5 | -6 hours | M & M Aviation Services, Ltd. |
Airborne Flasks |
HPB | Hohenpeissenberg | Germany | 47.801 | 11.024 | 936.0 | +1 hours | Deutscher Wetterdienst |
Surface Flasks |
HSU | Humboldt State University | United States | 41.059 | -124.750 | 0.0 | -8 hours | Humbolt State University |
Surface Flasks |
HUN | Hegyhatsal | Hungary | 46.950 | 16.650 | 248.0 | +1 hours | Hungarian Meteorological Service |
Surface Flasks |
ICE | Storhofdi, Vestmannaeyjar | Iceland | 63.400 | -20.288 | 118.0 | +0 hours | Icelandic Meteorological Office |
Surface Flasks |
ITN* | Grifton, North Carolina | United States | 35.365 | -77.393 | 8.0 | -5 hours | WITN Television |
In Situ Tall Tower* Surface Flasks* |
IZO | Izana, Tenerife, Canary Islands | Spain | 28.309 | -16.499 | 2372.9 | +0 hours | Izana Observatory/Meteorological State Agency of Spain |
Surface Flasks |
KCO* | Kaashidhoo | Republic of Maldives | 4.970 | 73.470 | 1.0 | +5 hours | University of California, San Diego (INDOEX) |
Surface Flasks* |
KEY | Key Biscayne, Florida | United States | 25.665 | -80.158 | 1.0 | -5 hours | NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory |
Surface Flasks |
KPA* | Kitt Peak, Arizona | United States | 32.000 | -112.000 | 2083.0 | -7 hours | Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories |
Surface Flasks* |
KUM | Cape Kumukahi, Hawaii | United States | 19.520 | -154.820 | 3.0 | -10 hours | NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
Surface Flasks |
KZD* | Sary Taukum | Kazakhstan | 44.084 | 76.871 | 595.0 | +6 hours | Kazakh Scientific Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Climate |
Surface Flasks* |
KZM* | Plateau Assy | Kazakhstan | 43.250 | 77.880 | 2519.0 | +6 hours | Kazakh Scientific Institute of Environmental Monitoring and Climate |
Surface Flasks* |
LEF | Park Falls, Wisconsin | United States | 45.945 | -90.273 | 472.0 | -6 hours | Wisconsin Educational Communications Board & US Forest Service; MBMAS; USDA Forest Service Forestry Sciences Laboratory; USDA Forest Service |
In Situ Tall Tower Airborne Flasks Surface Flasks |
LEW | Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | United States | 40.945 | -76.879 | 161.0 | -5 hours | Earth Networks, Inc. |
Surface Flasks |
LLB* | Lac La Biche, Alberta | Canada | 54.950 | -112.450 | 540.0 | -7 hours | Environment Canada |
Surface Flasks* |
LLN | Lulin | Taiwan | 23.470 | 120.870 | 2862.0 | +8 hours | Lulin Atmospheric Background Station |
Surface Flasks |
LMP | Lampedusa | Italy | 35.520 | 12.620 | 45.0 | +2 hours | Ente per le Nuove tecnologie, l’Energia e l’Ambiente |
Surface Flasks |
MBC* | Mould Bay, Northwest Territories | Canada | 76.247 | -119.353 | 30.0 | -10 hours | Environment Canada |
Surface Flasks* |
MBO | Mt. Bachelor Observatory | United States | 43.977 | -121.686 | 2731.0 | -8 hours | University of Washington |
Surface Flasks Surface In Situ |
MCM* | McMurdo Station, Antarctica | United States | -77.830 | 166.600 | 11.0 | +12 hours | National Science Foundation |
Surface Flasks* |
MEX | High Altitude Global Climate Observation Center | Mexico | 18.984 | -97.311 | 4464.0 | -6 hours | Sistema Internacional de Monitoreo Ambiental |
Surface Flasks |
MHD | Mace Head, County Galway | Ireland | 53.326 | -9.899 | 5.0 | +0 hours | National University of Ireland, Galway |
Surface Flasks |
MID | Sand Island, Midway | United States | 28.210 | -177.380 | 11.0 | -11 hours | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
Surface Flasks |
MKN* | Mt. Kenya | Kenya | -0.062 | 37.297 | 3644.0 | +3 hours | Kenya Meteorological Department |
Surface Flasks* |
MKO* | Mauna Kea, Hawaii | United States | 19.830 | -155.470 | 4220.0 | -10 hours | University of Hawaii/Institute for Astronomy |
Surface Flasks* |
MLF* | Mauna Loa, Hawaii | United States | 19.530 | -155.580 | 3397.0 | -10 hours |
Surface Flasks* |
|
MLO | Mauna Loa, Hawaii | United States | 19.536 | -155.576 | 3397.0 | -10 hours | NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
In Situ Observatory Surface Flasks |
MSH | Mashpee, Massachusetts | United States | 41.657 | -70.497 | 32.3 | -5 hours | Earth Networks |
Surface Flasks |
MVY* | Marthas Vineyard, Massachusetts | United States | 41.325 | -70.567 | 0.0 | -5 hours | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute |
Surface Flasks* |
MWO | Mt. Wilson Observatory | United States | 34.225 | -118.059 | 1728.0 | -8 hours | UCLA Astrophysics/Solar Observatory |
Surface Flasks |
NAT | Farol De Mae Luiza Lighthouse | Brazil | -5.795 | -35.185 | 50.0 | -3 hours | Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Il Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Divisao de Quimica Ambiental |
Surface Flasks |
NHA | Worcester, Massachusetts | United States | 42.950 | -70.630 | 0.0 | -5 hours | Private Party |
Airborne Flasks |
NMB | Gobabeb | Namibia | -23.580 | 15.030 | 456.0 | +1 hours | Gobabeb Training and Research Center |
Surface Flasks |
NWF* | Niwot Ridge Forest, Colorado | United States | 40.030 | -105.550 | 3050.0 | -7 hours | University of Colorado/INSTAAR |
Surface Flasks* |
NWR | Niwot Ridge, Colorado | United States | 40.053 | -105.586 | 3523.0 | -7 hours | University of Colorado/INSTAAR |
Surface Flasks |
NZL* | Kaitorete Spit | New Zealand | -43.830 | 172.630 | 3.0 | +12 hours | U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research |
Surface Flasks* |
OIL* | Oglesby, Illinois | United States | 41.280 | -88.940 | 192.6 | -6 hours | MIDWEST AVTECH |
Airborne Flasks* |
OPW* | Olympic Peninsula, Washington | United States | 48.300 | -124.628 | 486.0 | -8 hours | University of Washington |
Surface Flasks* |
OXK | Ochsenkopf | Germany | 50.030 | 11.808 | 1009.0 | +1 hours | Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry |
Surface Flasks |
PAL | Pallas-Sammaltunturi, GAW Station | Finland | 67.970 | 24.120 | 560.0 | +2 hours | Finnish Meteorological Institute |
Surface Flasks |
PCO* | Pico, Azores | Portugal | 38.470 | -28.400 | 2225.0 | -1 hours |
Surface Flasks* |
|
PFA | Poker Flat, Alaska | United States | 65.070 | -147.290 | 210.0 | -9 hours | Warbelows Air Ventures, Inc. |
Airborne Flasks |
POCN00 | Pacific Ocean (0 N) | N/A | 0.000 | -155.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN05 | Pacific Ocean (5 N) | N/A | 5.000 | -151.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN10 | Pacific Ocean (10 N) | N/A | 10.000 | -149.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN15 | Pacific Ocean (15 N) | N/A | 15.000 | -145.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN20 | Pacific Ocean (20 N) | N/A | 20.000 | -141.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN25 | Pacific Ocean (25 N) | N/A | 25.000 | -139.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN30 | Pacific Ocean (30 N) | N/A | 30.000 | -135.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCN35* | Pacific Ocean (35 N) | N/A | 35.000 | -137.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
POCN40* | Pacific Ocean (40 N) | N/A | 40.000 | -136.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
POCN45* | Pacific Ocean (45 N) | N/A | 45.000 | -131.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
POCS05 | Pacific Ocean (5 S) | N/A | -5.000 | -159.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS10 | Pacific Ocean (10 S) | N/A | -10.000 | -161.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS15 | Pacific Ocean (15 S) | N/A | -15.000 | -171.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS20 | Pacific Ocean (20 S) | N/A | -20.000 | -174.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS25 | Pacific Ocean (25 S) | N/A | -25.000 | -171.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS30 | Pacific Ocean (30 S) | N/A | -30.000 | -176.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
POCS35* | Pacific Ocean (35 S) | N/A | -35.000 | 180.000 | 10.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
PSA | Palmer Station, Antarctica | United States | -64.920 | -64.000 | 10.0 | -3 hours | National Science Foundation |
Surface Flasks |
PSM* | Point Six Mountain, Montana | United States | 47.030 | -113.980 | 2462.0 | -7 hours | U.S. National Weather Service |
Surface Flasks* |
PTA* | Point Arena, California | United States | 38.955 | -123.741 | 17.0 | -8 hours | Point Arena Lighthouse Keepers, Inc. |
Surface Flasks* |
RIA* | Rowley, Iowa | United States | 42.400 | -91.840 | 298.7 | -6 hours | Hap's Air Service |
Airborne Flasks* |
RPB | Ragged Point | Barbados | 13.165 | -59.432 | 15.0 | -4 hours | Private Party |
Surface Flasks |
RTA | Rarotonga | Cook Islands | -21.250 | -159.830 | 3.0 | -10 hours | Air Rarotonga LTD. |
Airborne Flasks |
SAN* | Santarem | Brazil | -2.850 | -54.950 | 78.0 | -4 hours | LBA INPE/CPTEC |
Airborne Flasks* |
SCA | Charleston, South Carolina | United States | 32.770 | -79.550 | 0.0 | -5 hours | Orion Aviation |
Airborne Flasks |
SCSN03* | South China Sea (3 N) | N/A | 3.000 | 105.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN06* | South China Sea (6 N) | N/A | 6.000 | 107.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN09* | South China Sea (9 N) | N/A | 9.000 | 109.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN12* | South China Sea (12 N) | N/A | 12.000 | 111.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN15* | South China Sea (15 N) | N/A | 15.000 | 113.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN18* | South China Sea (18 N) | N/A | 18.000 | 113.500 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCSN21* | South China Sea (21 N) | N/A | 21.000 | 114.000 | 15.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
SCT | Beech Island, South Carolina | United States | 33.406 | -81.833 | 115.2 | -5 hours | Savannah River National Laboratory, DOE; Savannah River National Laboratory and University of Georgia |
In Situ Tall Tower Surface Flasks |
SDZ* | Shangdianzi | Peoples Republic of China | 40.650 | 117.117 | 293.0 | +8 hours | Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) and Beijing Meteorological Bureau (BMB), China Meteorological Administration (CMA) |
Surface Flasks* |
SEY | Mahe Island | Seychelles | -4.682 | 55.532 | 2.0 | +4 hours | Seychelles Bureau of Standards |
Surface Flasks |
SGI* | Bird Island, South Georgia | United Kingdom | -54.000 | -38.050 | 30.0 | -3 hours | British Antarctic Survey |
Surface Flasks* |
SGP | Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma | United States | 36.607 | -97.489 | 314.0 | -6 hours | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
Airborne Flasks Surface Flasks |
SHM | Shemya Island, Alaska | United States | 52.711 | 174.126 | 23.0 | -10 hours | Chugach McKinley |
Surface Flasks |
SIO* | La Jolla, California | United States | 32.830 | -117.270 | 14.0 | -8 hours | Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) |
Surface Flasks* |
SMO | Tutuila | American Samoa | -14.247 | -170.564 | 42.0 | -11 hours | NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
In Situ Observatory Surface Flasks |
SNP | Shenandoah National Park | United States | 38.617 | -78.350 | 1008.0 | -5 hours | University of Virginia, Department of Environmental Sciences |
Surface In Situ |
SPO | South Pole, Antarctica | United States | -89.980 | -24.800 | 2810.0 | +12 hours | National Science Foundation |
In Situ Observatory Surface Flasks |
STC* | Ocean Station C | United States | 54.000 | -35.000 | 6.0 | U.S. National Weather Service |
Surface Flasks* |
|
STM* | Ocean Station M | Norway | 66.000 | 2.000 | 0.0 | +0 hours | Norway Meteorological Institute |
Surface Flasks* |
STR | Sutro Tower, San Francisco, California | United States | 37.755 | -122.452 | 254.0 | -8 hours | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
Surface Flasks |
SUM | Summit | Greenland | 72.596 | -38.422 | 3209.5 | -2 hours | National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs |
Surface Flasks |
SYO | Syowa Station, Antarctica | Japan | -69.013 | 39.590 | 14.0 | +3 hours | National Institute of Polar Research |
Surface Flasks |
TAC* | Tacolneston | United Kingdom | 52.518 | 1.139 | 56.0 | +0 hours | University of Bristol |
Surface Flasks* |
TAP | Tae-ahn Peninsula | Republic of Korea | 36.738 | 126.133 | 16.0 | +9 hours | Korea Centre for Atmospheric Environment Research |
Surface Flasks |
TGC | Sinton, Texas | United States | 27.730 | -96.860 | 0.0 | -6 hours | Skypark Aviation |
Airborne Flasks |
THD | Trinidad Head, California | United States | 41.054 | -124.151 | 107.0 | -8 hours | Scientific Aviation, Inc; NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division |
Airborne Flasks Surface Flasks |
TIK | Hydrometeorological Observatory of Tiksi | Russia | 71.597 | 128.889 | 31.0 |
Surface Flasks |
||
ULB* | Ulaanbaatar | Mongolia | 47.400 | 106.000 | 1350.0 | +8 hours | Mongolian Hydrometeorological Research Institute |
Airborne Flasks* |
USH | Ushuaia | Argentina | -54.848 | -68.311 | 12.0 | -4 hours | Servicio Meteorologico Nacional |
Surface Flasks |
UTA | Wendover, Utah | United States | 39.902 | -113.718 | 1327.0 | -7 hours | Beth Anderson/ NWS Cooperative Observer |
Surface Flasks |
UUM | Ulaan Uul | Mongolia | 44.452 | 111.096 | 1007.0 | +8 hours | Mongolian Hydrometeorological Research Institute |
Surface Flasks |
VAA* | Cartersville, Georgia | United States | 32.910 | -79.360 | 239.9 | -5 hours | Phoenix Air |
Airborne Flasks* |
WBI | West Branch, Iowa | United States | 41.725 | -91.353 | 241.7 | -6 hours | M & M Aviation Services, Ltd.; University of Iowa |
In Situ Tall Tower Airborne Flasks Surface Flasks |
WGC | Walnut Grove, California | United States | 38.265 | -121.491 | 0.0 | -8 hours | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; DOE Environmental Energy Technologies Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; KalScott Engineering |
In Situ Tall Tower Airborne Flasks* Surface Flasks |
WIS | Weizmann Institute of Science at the Arava Institute, Ketura | Israel | 29.965 | 35.060 | 151.0 | +2 hours | Weizmann Institute of Science and Arava Institute for Environmental Studies |
Surface Flasks |
WKT | Moody, Texas | United States | 31.315 | -97.327 | 251.0 | -6 hours | Blackland Research and Extension Center-Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; Pinnacle Towers Inc. |
In Situ Tall Tower Surface Flasks |
WLG | Mt. Waliguan | Peoples Republic of China | 36.288 | 100.896 | 3810.0 | +8 hours | Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) and Qinghai Meteorological Bureau (QMB), China Meteorological Administration (CMA) |
Surface Flasks |
WPCN00* | Western Pacific Cruise (0 N) | N/A | 0.000 | 151.100 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN05* | Western Pacific Cruise (5 N) | N/A | 5.000 | 149.100 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN10* | Western Pacific Cruise (10 N) | N/A | 10.000 | 148.000 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN15* | Western Pacific Cruise (15 N) | N/A | 15.000 | 145.000 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN20* | Western Pacific Cruise (20 N) | N/A | 20.000 | 142.000 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN25* | Western Pacific Cruise (25 N) | N/A | 25.000 | 140.000 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCN30* | Western Pacific Cruise (30 N) | N/A | 30.000 | 136.800 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS05* | Western Pacific Cruise (5 S) | N/A | -5.000 | 153.700 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS10* | Western Pacific Cruise (10 S) | N/A | -10.000 | 156.800 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS15* | Western Pacific Cruise (15 S) | N/A | -15.000 | 159.300 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS20* | Western Pacific Cruise (20 S) | N/A | -20.000 | 161.100 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS25* | Western Pacific Cruise (25 S) | N/A | -25.000 | 165.500 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
WPCS30* | Western Pacific Cruise (30 S) | N/A | -30.000 | 168.000 | 0.0 |
Surface Flasks* |
||
ZEP | Ny-Alesund, Svalbard | Norway and Sweden | 78.907 | 11.888 | 474.0 | +1 hours | Zeppelin Station/University of Stockholm Meteorological Institute |
Surface Flasks |