U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
202-366-4000
FHWA Home / Safety / Transportation Safety Planning (TSP) / Transportation Safety Planning
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Download Printable Versions
PDF [1.27 MB]
PowerPoint [2.21 MB]
Notes Only PDF [172 KB]
Notes: There are three key learning objectives to this presentation:
Note: This information is from the FHWA TSP Strategic Plan.
2012 Fatalities: 33,561
2012 Fatal Crashes: 30,800
Notes: A high level look at 2012 fatal crashes. The red dots show the distribution of crashes across the U.S.
Source:
HEPGIS – http://hepgis.fhwa.dot.gov/hepgismaps11/ViewMap.aspx?map=Annual%20Fatal%20Crashes|Annual%20Fatal%20Crashes%202012
FARS
Over 33,000 people
died in a crash
About 90 people died each
day on U.S. roads
Crashes were the leading cause of death in those under 30
10,322 people died due to alcohol-impaired drivers
Crashes cost $99 billion in medical care, rehabilitation and lost wages
Note: These statistics provide a snapshot of the cost of fatal in the United States during 2012. STATISTICS SOURCE: NHTSA
Data Source:
USDOT, NHTSA, Traffic Safety Facts
Notes: The downward trend in FATALITIES could potentially level off if continued progress is not monitored. According to FHWA, overall vehicle miles traveled (VMT) roadway fatalities increased slightly between 2011 and 2012 following a downward trend from 2006-2011. 2012 showed an increase of 0.3 percent over 2011. According to NHTSA, the fatality rate per 100 million VMT increased 3.6 percent to 1.14 in 2012.
Data Source:
USDOT, NHTSA, Traffic Safety Facts
Note: This data shows all reported INJURIES related to roadway crashes. Crash-related injuries have increased slightly since 2009.
According to NHTSA the overall injury rate increased by 6.7 percent from 2011 to 2012.
Notes: These numbers help the transportation community identify areas needing attention so they can focus on strategies for safety improvements. For example, the high percentage of pedestrian fatalities across the U.S. from motor related vehicle crashes is one of the reasons for many non-motorized safety initiatives around the nation.
Source: FARS and Focused Approach to Safety
Notes: Under MAP-21, performance management will transform Federal highway programs and provide a means to more efficient investment of Federal transportation funds by focusing on national transportation goals, increasing the accountability and transparency of the Federal highway programs, and improving transportation investment decisionmaking through performance-based planning and programming (PBPP).
MAP-21 has a significant impact on the planning process due to a safety focus and continued movement toward a performance-based system. State DOTs and Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) will be required to establish and use a performance-based approach to transportation decision making and development of transportation plans.
Notes:
Sources: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/map21/docs/12nov28_freight_provisions.pdf
Safety – To achieve a significant reduction in traffic fatalities and serious injuries on public roads
MAP-21 establishes the National Goal Areas for Federal highway programs, including a goal for SAFETY. As a MAP-21 National Goal Area, safety should be considered in planning at all levels. Other goal areas include:
Infrastructure condition – To maintain the highway infrastructure asset in a state of good repair.
Congestion reduction – To achieve a significant reduction in congestion on the National Highway System.
System reliability – To improve the efficiency of the surface transportation system.
Freight movement and economic vitality – To improve the national freight network, strengthen the ability of rural communities to access national and international trade markets, and support regional economic development.
Environmental sustainability – To enhance the performance of the transportation system while protecting and enhancing the natural environment.
Reduced project delivery delays – To reduce project costs, promote jobs and the economy, and expedite the movement of people and goods by accelerating project design and delivery process through measures such as reducing regulatory burdens and improving agencies’ work practices.
Notes:
A cornerstone of the MAP-21 highway program is a transition to a performance and outcome-based program.
States will invest resources in projects to achieve individual targets that collectively make progress toward national goals.
State DOTs and MPOs will be required to establish and use a performance-based approach to transportation decision making and development of transportation plans.
Agencies will establish performance targets that address the MAP-21 surface transportation performance measures.
The performance targets selected by an MPO will be coordinated with State-level to ensure consistency to the maximum extent practicable. Performance targets selected will be coordinated with public transportation providers, to the maximum extent practicable, to ensure consistency with sections 5326(c) and 5329(d) of title 49.
MPOs are required to integrate into the metropolitan transportation planning process other performance-based transportation plans or processes.
The MPOs will establish performance targets not later than 180 days after the date that the relevant State or public transportation provider establishes performance targets.
Within 2 years of enactment of MAP-21, the structure of all MPOs will be required to include officials of public agencies that administer or operate public transportation systems.
Both Long Range Transportation plans (LRTP) and transportation improvement programs (TIP) will include descriptions of performance measures and performance targets used to assess projects and programs.
The HSIP is a core Federal-aid program with the purpose of achieving a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads, including non-state-owned public roads and roads on tribal lands. The HSIP emphasizes a data-driven, strategic approach to improving highway safety on all public roads that focuses on performance.
MAP-21 dramatically increases size of existing HSIP, calls on States to set targets for number of serious injuries & fatalities; and the DOT to establish measures, and strengthens linkages between HSIP and NHTSA programs.
Note: MAP 21 also calls for the advancement of States capabilities to conduct safety data collection, analysis, and integration.
Notes: To obligate HSIP funds, a State must develop, implement and update a SHSP, produce a program of projects or strategies to reduce identified safety problems, evaluate the SHSP on a regular basis, and update the SHSP every 5 years.
The legislation impacts SHSP through expansion of the list of participants involved during safety planning. Participants include county transportation officials, State reps of non-motorized users, & other major Federal, State, tribal & local safety stakeholders.
Notes: Strategies for improving safety fall under four general areas, known as the Four Es: Engineering, Enforcement, Education, and Emergency Medical Services (EMS). These four areas reflect the multidisciplinary nature of transportation safety. Transportation Planners have the most opportunity to effect change in engineering, but also to some extent in education, enforcement, and EMS. Some examples include:
Incorporating elements of the 4Es into the planning process can continue to contribute to reduced crashes, injuries, and fatalities.
Source: http://tsp.trb.org/assets/FR_Safety%20Planner_1_17_07FINAL.pdf
Safety integration should include a multidisciplinary focus, e.g. planning, education, engineering, enforcement and emergency management.
Safety planning should also include multimodal components, such as rail, transit, commercial vehicles and non-motorized modes of travel.
State and local planners, engineers, and law enforcement may use cursory or in-depth analysis tools to determine system-wide safety concerns. Statewide data, software analysis tools, and data use training are available from the DOT.
Collaboration between MPOs, States, and local decision makers offers an important advantage for local safety teams. This effort is based on collaborative partnerships; people getting to know and work with other people at the community level.
Be proactive in promoting and including safety measures.
Source: Iowa TSP Forum & Peer Exchange (2003)
Notes: This graphic illustrates the transportation planning process and feedback loop. The graphic shows a process of vision and goal identification, comprehensive consideration of strategies, evaluation of processes, and collaboration between agencies and stakeholders in developing the LRTP. The process also includes project development, implementation and performance monitoring. Performance monitoring then informs the next round of visioning and goal setting.
Source: http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/briefingbook/bbook_07.pdf
Notes: This graphic shows a recently updated planning process that integrates performance-based planning and programming (PBPP).
Source: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/performance_based_planning/pbpp_guidebook/page02.cfm
Engage Safety Stakeholders in the initial planning process
Identify safety as a major organizational goal
Identify existing safety concerns in the system, set targets to correct safety issues
Notes: Successful integration of safety impacts all steps in the transportation planning process as noted in these slides illustrating the performance-based planning process (PBPP) an opportunities to include safety in the process. Safety should be a consideration early in the planning process when stakeholders are first engaged and visioning begins.
Use safety policies from other planning documents as a guide for inclusion in the LRTP
Include safety-related scoring and ranking in the LRTP to establish safety as a factor in project selection
Notes: Successful integration of safety impacts all steps in the transportation planning process as noted in these slides illustrating the performance-based planning process (PBPP) an opportunities to include safety in the process.
Safety should be a consideration early in the planning process when stakeholders are first engaged and visioning begins. It is important to utilize data to drive decisions, including both reactive decisions (location-specific with crash history), and pro-active decisions (systemic approach). Therefore, also consider data availability during planning to craft Performance Measures for which data is available.
Design standalone safety projects
Integrate safety elements into other TIP projects
Notes: To successfully integrate safety, all steps of the planning process will be impacted. Make safety a priority when developing investment policies in long range plans. Integrate safety elements into the TIP. In the programming stage, design standalone safety projects.
Continually revise strategies to meet safety goals and objectives
Periodically assess progress toward safety performance measures
Evaluate successes in safety initiatives
Notes: Safety should continue to be a consideration during monitoring, evaluation, and reporting to track progress toward goals and make adjustments during the next round of planning and goal-setting.
Engage the community and develop a vision for the future during early planning stages.
Notes: It is valuable to integrate safety into the State and regional planning vision and strategic. During the early stages of the planning process it may be helpful to develop presentation materials illustrating local transportation safety problems or concerns.
Share with stakeholders the potential benefits of a comprehensive safety strategy (i.e., reduced injuries and fatalities, reduced cost to the public in terms of productivity, emergency services, travel delays and property damage). When writing vision statements, include language on safety.
Sources: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/transportation_safety_planning/, http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/tsp/fhwahep09043/fhwahep09043.pdf
Develop key outcomes for the planning process.
Notes: While developing goals and objectives during the planning process, keep safety improvements in mind. Use existing resources on performance-based planning to help generate strategic, measurable, agreed-upon, realistic, and time-bound objectives related to safety as well as other program areas. Ensure the objectives are measurable by considering how they will be measured as well as current data collection capabilities.
Develop metrics as a basis for comparing improvement strategies.
Notes: Performance measures aid in monitoring system condition and change including informing decisionmakers and stakeholders on the impact of already implemented safety measures. Safety related performance measures generally consider crash rates, emergency response times, and public perception of safety for various modes. When developing performance measures be sure to consider data availability and collection feasibility so measurement will be possible during the monitoring and evaluation planning phase.
See a list of possible performance measures and related data source on p. 3 of the source below.
http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/tsp/fhwahep09043/fhwahep09043.pdf
Determine strategies based on an objective process such as criteria comparison, weighted scores, or cost/benefit analysis.
Notes: The ongoing process of analysis should continually inform the planning process by identifying new issues and opportunities for improvement. Analysis should take place over various time-spans including short, medium, and long, and at different project scales including corridor, sub-area, and region.
Make safety a priority in LRTP and integrate safety into the S/TIP
Notes: Programming includes the investment plan, resource allocation, and program of projects as outlined in the LRTP and S/TIP. Design standalone safety projects and integrate these safety elements in the S/TIP. Use project selection criteria to emphasize selection of projects that integrate safety elements.
Sources: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/performance_based_planning/pbpp_guidebook/pbppguidebook.pdf, http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/tsp/fhwahep09043/fhwahep09043.pdf
Implement strategies, evaluate program and policy effectiveness.
Notes: Once safety projects have been implemented, it is important to monitor the effectiveness and communicate effectiveness to stakeholders. Information collected and feedback received from stakeholders can inform the next round of visioning and goal-setting.
FHWA Office of Safety
http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/tsp/
FHWA Office of Planning, Environment, & Realty Planning
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/transportation_safety_planning
Notes: Find resources on Transportation Safety Planning in these locations.
Additional resources are listed in individual modules
Notes:
Note: Transportation Safety Planning and Federal-level planning
Note: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact work at the Federal level.
Proactively promote, educate and communicate ways for State DOTs and planning organizations to integrate safety in transportation planning.
Note: It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process.
Note: These are some of the resources available to Federal level practitioners.
Note: Transportation Safety Planning and State-level planning
Notes: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact work at the State level.
Source: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/performance_based_planning/pbpp_guidebook/pbppguidebook.pdf
Notes: It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process.
Source: http://tsp.trb.org/assets/FR_Safety%20Planner_1_17_07FINAL.pdf
Notes: These are some of the resources available for State level practitioners on transportation planning and performance-based planning.
Note: Applying Transportation Safety Planning to the MPO planning process
Notes: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact work of MPOs.
It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process as safety is a top concern in transportation planning.
Note: These are some of the resources available that look MPOs, transportation planning, and performance-based planning.
Notes: Applying Transportation Safety Planning to regional planning.
What is Regional Planning?
Regional planning is planning for a geographic area that transcends the boundaries of individual governmental units but that shares common social, economic, political, cultural, and natural resources, and transportation characteristics. A regional planning agency prepares plans that serve as a framework for planning by local governments and special districts.
Generally speaking, RPOs conduct planning for rural areas. There may or may not be dedicated funding set aside for RPO planning. Often, an RPO and MPO share some common board members.
Notes: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact the work of RPOs.
Notes: It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process as safety is a top concern in transportation planning.
Note: These are some of the resources available that look MPOs, transportation planning, and performance-based planning.
Notes: Applying Transportation Safety Planning to regional planning.
What is Regional Planning?
Regional planning is planning for a geographic area that transcends the boundaries of individual governmental units but that shares common social, economic, political, cultural, and natural resources, and transportation characteristics. A regional planning agency prepares plans that serve as a framework for planning by local governments and special districts.
Generally speaking, RPOs conduct planning for rural areas. There may or may not be dedicated funding set aside for RPO planning. Often, an RPO and MPO share some common board members.
Notes: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact the work of RPOs.
Notes: It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process.
Note: These are some of the resources available that look at the role of local practitioners in transportation planning and performance-based planning.
Note: Transportation Safety elected and appointed officials
Note: These are some of the ways Transportation Safety Planning may impact the work of elected and appointed officials.
Note: It is important to look at ways to integrate safety into the planning process.
Note: These are some of the resources available that look at the role of elected and appointed officials in the transportation planning process.
