New & Noteworthy
ModelMuse: Graphical User Interface for MODFLOW-2005 and PHAST (TM 6-A29)
Groundwater: Ground water versus groundwater (OGW Technical Memo 2009.03)
Field Techniques for Estimating Water Fluxes Between Surface Water and Ground Water (TM 4–D2)
Ground-Water Availability in the United States (Circular 1323)
USGS Groundwater Watch
USGS maintains a network of active wells to provide basic statistics about groundwater levels.
USGS in Your State
USGS Water Science Centers are located in each state.
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List of USGS Reports Related to the Groundwater Flow Model MODFLOW
Updated AUGUST 29, 2007
Main MODFLOW Documentation
I. Flow Simulation
Harbaugh, A.W., 2005, MODFLOW-2005, The U.S. Geological Survey modular
ground-water model -- the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques and Methods 6-A16, variously p.
Harbaugh, A.W., Banta, E.R., Hill, M.C.,
and McDonald, M.G., 2000, MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular
Ground-Water Model - User guide to modularization concepts and the ground-water
flow process: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-92, 121 p.
Harbaugh, A.W., and McDonald, M.G., 1996, User's documentation for MODFLOW-96 an update to the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water
flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-485, 56 p.
Harbaugh, A.W., and McDonald, M.G., 1996, Programmer's documentation
for MODFLOW-96, an update to the U.S. Geological
Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 96-486, 220 p.
Leake, S.A., and Claar, D.V., 1999,
Procedures and computer programs for telescopic mesh refinement using MODFLOW:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-238, 53 p.
McDonald, M.G., and Harbaugh, A.W., 1988, A modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model: Techniques of Water-Resources
Investigations of the United States Geological Survey, Book 6, Chapter A1,
586 p.
Mehl, S.W. and Hill, M.C., 2005, MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model -- documentation of shared node local grid refinement (LGR) and the Boundary Flow and Head (BFH) Package: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A12, 68 p.
Mehl, S.W., and Hill, M.C., 2007, MODFLOW-2005, The U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model -- Documentation of the multiple-refined-areas capability of local grid refinement (LGR) and the boundary flow and head (BFH) package: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A21, 13 p.
Pollock, D.W., 1994, User's guide for MODPATH/MODPATH-PLOT, version 3: A particle tracking post processing package for MODFLOW, the U.S. Geological Survey finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-464, 249 p.
Reilly, T.E., and Harbaugh, A.W., 1993,
Simulation of cylindrical flow to a well using the U.S. Geological Survey
Modular Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model: Ground Water, v. 31, no. 3,
p. 489-494.
II. Parameter Estimation
Christensen, Steen, and Cooley, R.L., 2004, User Guide to the UNC
Process and Three Utility Programs for Computation of Nonlinear Confidence
and Prediction Intervals Using Modflow-2000: U.S. Geological Survey
Techniques and Methods 6-A10, 186 p.
Hill, M.C., Banta, E.R., Harbaugh, A.W., and Anderman, E.R., 2000, MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model - User guide to the observation, sensitivity, and parameter-estimation processes and three post-processing programs: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-184, 209 p.
Hill, M.C., 1992, A computer program (MODFLOWP) for estimating parameters of a transient, three-dimensional, ground-water flow model using nonlinear regression: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-484, 358 p.
Hill, M.C., 1998, Methods and guidelines for effective model calibration: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4005, 90 p.
Tonkin, M.J., Hill, M.C., and Doherty, J.E., 2003, Modflow-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model - Documentation of MOD-PREDICT for Predictions, Prediction Sensitivity Analysis, and Enhanced Analysis of Model Fit: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-385, 69 p.
III. Solute Transport
Guo, Weixing, and Langevin, C.D., 2002,
User's guide to SEAWAT: A computer program for simulation of three-dimensional
variable-density ground-water flow: Techniques of Water-Resources
Investigations of the United States Geological Survey, Book 6, Chapter A7, 77
p.
Hornberger, G.Z., Konikow, L.F., and
Harte, P.T., 2002, Simulating solute transport across horizontal-flow barriers
using the MODFLOW Ground-Water Transport Process: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 02-52, 28 p.
Konikow, L.F., Goode, D.J., and
Hornberger, G.Z., 1996, A three-dimensional Method-of- Characteristics
solute-transport model (MOC3D): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources
Investigations Report 96-4267, 87 p.
Konikow, L.F., and Hornberger, G.Z., 2006, Use of Multi-Node Well (MNW)
Package when simulating solute transport with the MODFLOW Ground-Water
Transport Process: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A15, 34 p.
Langevin, C.D., Shoemaker, W.B., and Guo,
Weixing, 2003, MODFLOW-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water
Model - Documentation of the SEAWAT-2000 Version with the Variable-Density Flow
Process (VDF) and the Integrated MT3DMS Transport Process (IMT): U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 03-426, 43 p.
Zheng, Chunmiao, Hill, Mary C., and
Hsieh, Paul A., 2001, MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model - User guide to the LMT6 Package, The linkage with MT3DMS for multi-species mass transport modeling: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-82, 43 p.
IV. Management
Ahlfeld, D.P., Barlow, P.M., and Mulligan, A.E., 2005, GWM-A ground-water management process for the
U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model (MODFLOW-2000): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
2005-1072, 124 p.
Halford, Keith J., 2006, MODOPTIM: A general optimization program for ground-water flow model
calibration and ground-water management with MODFLOW: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations
Report 2006-5009, 61 p.
V. Other Processes
Schmid, Wolfgang, Hanson, R.T., Maddock, Thomas, III, Leake, S.A., 2006, User guide for the farm
process (FMP1) for the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water
flow model, MODFLOW-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A17, 127 p.
Thoms, R.B., Johnson, R.L., and Healy, R.W., 2006, User's guide to the Variably Saturated Flow (VSF)
Process for MODFLOW: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A18, 58 p.
Package Documentations
Anderman, E.R., and Hill, M.C., 2000,
MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model -
Documentation of the Hydrogeologic-Unit Flow (HUF) Package: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 00-342, 89 p.
Anderman, E.R., and Hill, M.C., 2001,
MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model -
Documentation of the Advective-transport observation (ADV2) Package,
Version 2: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-54, 69 p.
Anderman, E.R., Kipp,
K.L., Hill, M.C., Valstar, Johan, and Neupauer, R.M., 2002, MODFLOW-2000, the
U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model -- Documentation of the
Model-Layer Variable-Direction Horizontal Anisotropy (LVDA) capability of the
Hydrogeologic-Unit Flow (HUF) Package: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
02-409, 60 p.
Anderman, E.R., and
Hill, M.C., 2003, MODFLOW-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water
model -- Three additions to the Hydrogeologic-Unit Flow (HUF) Package:
Alternative storage for the uppermost active cells, Flows in hydrogeologic
units, and the Hydraulic-coductivity depth-dependence (KDEP) capability: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-347, 36 p.
Banta, E.R., 2000, MODFLOW-2000, the U.S.
Geological Survey modular ground-water model - Documentation of packages for
simulating evapotranspiration with a segmented function (ETS1) and drains with
return flow (DRT1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-466, 127 p.
Fenske, J.P., Leake, S.A., and Prudic,
D.E., 1996, Documentation of a computer program (RES1) to simulate leakage from
reservoirs using the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model
(MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-364, 51 p.
Goode, D.J., and Appel, C.A., 1992,
Finite-difference interblock transmissivity for unconfined aquifers and for
aquifers having smoothly varying transmissivity: U.S. Geological Survey Water-
Resources Investigations Report 92-4124, 79 p.
Halford, K.J., and Hanson, R.T., 2002,
User guide for the Drawdown-Limited, Multi-Node Well (MNW) Package for the U.S.
Geological Survey's Modular Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Ground-Water
Flow Model, Versions MODFLOW-96 and MODFLOW-2000: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 02-293, 33 p.
Hanson, R.T., and Leake, S.A, 1999,
Documentation for HYDMOD, a program for extracting and processing time-series
data from the U.S. Geological Survey's modular three-dimensional
finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 98-564, 57 p.
Harbaugh, A.W.,
1992, A generalized finite-difference formulation for the U.S. Geological
Survey modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-494, 60 p.
Harbaugh, A.W., 1995, Direct solution
package based on alternating diagonal ordering for the U.S. Geological Survey
modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 95-288, 46 p.
Hill, M.C., 1990,
Preconditioned Conjugate-Gradient 2 (PCG2)-A computer
program for solving ground-water flow equations: U.S. Geological Survey
Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4048, 43 p.
Hoffmann, Jörn, Leake, S.A., Galloway, D.L., and Wilson,
A.M., 2003, MODFLOW-2000 Ground-Water Model - User guide to the subsidence and
aquifer-system compaction (SUB) package: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 03-233, 44 p.
Hsieh, P. A., and
Freckleton, J. R., 1993, Documentation of a computer program to simulate
horizontal-flow barriers using the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-
dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 92-477, 32 p.
Jobson, H.E., and Harbaugh, A.W., 1999,
Modifications to the diffusion analogy surface-water flow model (DAFLOW) for
coupling to the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW):
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-217, 107 p.
Kontis, Angelo L., 2001, Computer program
for simulation of variable recharge with the U.S. Geological Survey Modular
Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 00-173, 75 p.
Leake, S.A.,
Leahy, P., and Navoy, A.S., 1994, Documentation of a computer program to
simulate transient leakage from confining units using the modular finite-
difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
94-59, 70 p.
Leake, S.A., and Galloway, D.L., 2007, MODFLOW ground-water model --
User guide to the Subsidence and Aquifer-System Compaction Package (SUB-WT)
for Water-Table Aquifers: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, Book 6,
Chap. A23, 42 p.
Leake, S.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1997,
Documentation of a computer program (FHB1) for assignment of transient
specified-flow and specified-head boundaries in applications of the Modular
Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 97-571, 50 p.
McDonald, M.G.,
Harbaugh, A.W., Orr, B.R., and Ackerman, D.J., 1992, A method of converting
no-flow cells to variable-head cells for the U.S. Geological Survey modular
finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 91-536, 99 p.
Mehl, Steffen W., and Hill, Mary C.,
2001, MODFLOW-2000, The U.S. Geological Survey Ground-Water Model - User Guide
to the Link-AMG (LMG) Package for solving matrix equations using an algebraic
multigrid solver: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-177, 33 p.
Merritt, M.L., and Konikow, L.F., 2000,
Documentation of a computer program to simulate lake-aquifer interaction using
the MODFLOW ground-water flow model and the MOC3D solute-transport model: U.S.
Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4167, 146 p.
Niswonger, R.G. and Prudic, D.E., 2005, Documentation of the Streamflow-Routing
(SFR2) Package to include unsaturated flow beneath streams--A modification to SFR1:
U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, Book 6, Chap. A13, 47 p.
Niswonger, R.G., Prudic, D.E., and Regan, R.S., 2006, Documentation of the
Unsaturated-Zone Flow (UZF1) Package for modeling unsaturated flow between the land
surface and the water table with MODFLOW-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques
and Methods 6-A19, 62 p.
Prudic, D.E.,
1989, Documentation of a computer program to simulate stream-aquifer relations
using a modular, finite-difference, ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 88-729, 113 p.
Prudic, D.E., Konikow, L.F., Banta, E.R.,
2004, A new streamflow-routing (SFR1) package to simulate stream-aquifer
interaction with MODFLOW-2000: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 2004-1042, 95 p.
Wilson, John D., and Naff, Richard L., 2004,
The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model -
GMG linear equation solver package documentation: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 2004-1261, 47 p.
Pre- and Post-Processor Documentations
Harbaugh, A.W.,
1990, A computer program for calculating subregional water budgets using results
from the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional finite-difference
ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-392, 46 p.
Harbaugh, A.W., 2002, A data-input
program (MFI2K) for the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model
(MODFLOW-2000): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02- 41, 55 p.
Harbaugh, A.W., 2007, MF2KtoMF05UC, a program to convert MODFLOW-2000 files
to MODFLOW-2005 and UCODE_2005 files: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report 2007-1204.
Harte, P.T., 2005, A Computer Program (ZONECONC) for Tabulating Concentration
Statistics Using Results from the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Three-Dimensional
Ground-Water Flow and Transport Model: U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File report 2005-1422, 21 p.
Hornberger, G.Z., and Konikow, L.F.,
1998, Addition of MOC3D solute-transport model capability to the U.S.
Geological Survey MODFLOW-96 graphical-user interface using Argus Open
Numerical Environments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-188, 30 p.
Hsieh, Paul A., and Winston, R.B., 2002,
User's guide to model viewer, a program for three-dimensional visualization of
ground-water model results: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-106, 18
p.
Orzol, Leonard L., 1997, User's guide for
MODTOOLS: Computer programs for translating data of MODFLOW and MODPATH into
geographic information system files: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
97-240, 86 p.
Orzol, L.L., and McGrath,
T.S., 1992, Modifications of the U.S. Geological Survey modular,
finite-difference, ground-water flow model to read and write geographical
information system files: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-50, 202 p.
Planert, Michael, 1997, Documentation of
a computer program to estimate the head in a well of finite radius using the
U.S. Geological Survey modular finite difference ground-water flow model: U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-651-A, 11 p.
Winston, Richard B., 2000, Graphical-User
Interface for MODFLOW, Version 4: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
00-315, 34 p.
Zinn, B.A. and Konikow, L.F., 2005, MODFLOW Data Extractor Program:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1143, 7 p.
Other
Joss, C.J., and Baehr, A.L., 1995,
Documentation of AIR3D, an adaptation of the ground-water- flow code MODFLOW to
simulate three-dimensional air flow in the unsaturated zone: U.S. Geological
Survey Open-File Report 94-533, 154 p.
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