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2012
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Drug Courts’ Effects on Criminal Offending for Juveniles and Adults
By Mitchell, Ojmarrh; Wilson, David B.; Eggers, Amy; MacKenzie, Doris L..
Campbell Collaboration (Oslo, Norway).
“The objective of this review is to systematically review quasi-experimental and experimental (RCT) evaluations of the effectiveness of drug courts in reducing recidivism, including drug courts for juvenile and DWI offenders. This systematic review critically assesses drug courts’ effects on recidivism in the short- and long-term, the methodological soundness of the existing evidence, and the relationship between drug court features and effectiveness” (p. 6). Results are provided for: a descript... Read More
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87 pages
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2011
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Addicted to Courts: How a Growing Dependence on Drug Courts Impacts People and Communities
By Walsh, Nastassia.
Open Society Institute-New York (New York, NY); Public Welfare Foundation (Washington, DC).
Justice Policy Institute (Washington, DC).
Those individuals interested in drug courts should read this report. The author explains why: treatment through the justice system is not more effective than other treatment; drug courts are not the best way to improve public safety; drug courts are not as cost-effective as other options; drug courts widen the net of criminal justice control; and drug courts do not treat everyone equally.... Read More
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37 pages
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2011
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Drug Courts are Not the Answer: Toward a Health-Centered Approach to Drug Use
Drug Policy Alliance (DPA) (New York, NY).
This report focuses on the impact of drug courts and how they “compare with other policy approaches to drug use in terms of reducing drug arrests, incarceration and costs as well as problematic drug use” (p. 2). Five sections follow an executive summary: introduction; drug courts and the drug war; understanding drug courts—what the research shows; mixing treatment and punishment—a faulty approach; toward a health-centered approach to drug use; and conclusion. Drug courts seem to fail those indiv... Read More
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32 pages
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2011
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The Verdict on Drug Courts and Other Problem-Solving Courts
By Marlowe, Douglas B..
Those individuals wondering about the effectiveness of drug courts need to read this article. It applies various legal evidentiary burdens of proof against the scientific evidence for drug courts. Sections comprising this article are: introduction; legal and scientific standards of proof—beyond a reasonable doubt, clear and convincing evidence, preponderance of evidence, probable cause, and reasonable suspicion; adult drug courts—effectiveness, target population, fidelity to the model (judicial ... Read More
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40 pages
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2011
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Setting the Record Straight: Criticisms Answered: NADCP and Drug Court Leaders Respond to Criticisms with the Facts
National Association of Drug Court Professionals (NADCP) (Alexandria, VA).
Studies overwhelmingly demonstrate that “Drug Courts reduce crime, reduce substance abuse, and reduce family conflicts associated with domestic violence and child abuse.” Yet in the face of this mountain of data, two non-scientific think tanks, devoted to drug decriminalization, have taken the supporting evidence for drug courts and spun it to look like drug courts do not work. This website is the National Association of Drug Court Professionals’ (NADCP) way to counter the misinformation being p... Read More
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2011
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The Multi-Site Adult Drug Court Evaluation
By Rossman, Shelli B, editor; Roman, John K., editor; Zweig, Janine M.; Rempel, Michael, editor; Lindquist, Christin H., editor.
Urban Institute. Justice Policy Center (Washington, DC).
“The most extensive study of drug courts -- a five-year examination of 23 courts and six comparison jurisdictions in eight states -- found that these court programs can significantly decrease drug use and criminal behavior, with positive outcomes ramping upward as participants sensed their judge treated them more fairly, showed greater respect and interest in them, and gave them more chances to talk during courtroom proceedings…Drug courts save an average of $5,680 per participant, returning a n... Read More
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14 p. + 4 volumes (v. 1 - 292 pages; v. 2 - 142 pages, v. 3 - 139 pages, v. 4 - 366 pages)
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2011
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NPC Research Materials
NPC Research (Portland, OR).
“NPC Research provides quality social services evaluation, policy analysis, research, and training.” This website provides information, reports, and evaluations pertaining to a wide range of project areas. Specialty Areas include child abuse and its prevention, community health, criminal justice, drug treatment courts and other problem-solving courts, early childhood and family well-being, juvenile justice, literacy, substance abuse prevention and treatment, and youth development and strengths. ... Read More
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2011
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Drug Courts' Effects on Criminal Offendeing for Juveniles and Adults
By Mitchell, Ojmarrh; Wilson, David B.; Eggers, Amy; MacKenzie, Doris L..
Campbell Corporation (Oslo, Norway).
“The objective of this review is to systematically review quasi-experimental and experimental (RCT) evaluations of the effectiveness of drug courts in reducing recidivism, including drug courts for juvenile and DWI offenders. This systematic review critically assesses drug courts’ effects on recidivism in the short- and long-term, the methodological soundness of the existing evidence, and the relationship between drug court features and effectiveness” (p. 6). Sections following an abstract are: ... Read More
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87 pages
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2011
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Painting the Current Picture: A National Report Card on Drug Courts and Other Problem Solving Court Programs in the United States
By Huddleston, C. West, III; Marlowe, Douglas B..
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC); U.S. Executive Office of the President. Office of National Drug Control Policy (Washington, DC).
National Drug Court Institute (Alexandria, VA).
Results from the 2009 National Survey on Drug Courts and other Problem Solving Courts are summarized. Sections of this report are: introduction; drug courts—justice done right; what a drug court is; the verdict is in, drug courts work—a review of the scientific literature; 10 key components; survey results—number of drug courts in operation, state-specific growth, dispositional models and which is preferable, drug court capacity, national drug court population, primary substances of abuse among... Read More
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68 p.
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2010
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Net Benefits of Drug Court
By Downey, P. Mitchell; Roman, John K..
Urban Institute. Justice Policy Center (Washington, DC); Center for Court Innovation (New York, NY); RTI International (Research Triangle Park, NC).
The use of a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to determine the effectiveness of a drug court program is explained. Topics discussed include: why do a CBA; what a CBA is all about; what a CBA tells us; what a CBA does not tell us; how to do a CBA; quantities—defining the impacts; impacts considered; fining qualities; prices—valuing the impacts—site-specific process; prices—valuing the impacts—national price estimates; results—processing costs; results—criminal justice outcomes; results—other outcomes;... Read More
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16 pages
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2010
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Research Update on Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts
By Marlowe, Douglas B..
National Association of Drug Court Professionals (Alexandria, VA).
“Research on Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts (JDTCs) has lagged considerably behind that of its adult counterparts. Although evidence is mounting that JDTCs can be effective at reducing delinquency and substance abuse, the field is just beginning to identify the factors that distinguish effective from ineffective programs” (p. 1). Sections of this publication include effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, best practices, and recommendations to drug courts.... Read More
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6 pages
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2010
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Research Update on Adult Drug Courts
By Marlowe, Douglas B..
National Association of Drug Court Professionals (Alexandria, VA).
The author explains why “[w]e know beyond a reasonable doubt that Drug Courts significantly reduce drug use and crime and do so with substantial cost savings” (p. 1). This publication contains these sections: effectiveness; cost-effectiveness; target population; fidelity to the 10 key components; multidisciplinary team approach; judicial status hearings; drug testing; graduated sanctions and rewards; substance abuse treatment; and recommendations to drug courts.... Read More
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8 pages
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2010
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Oregon Drug Court Cost Study: Statewide Costs and Promising Practices: Final Report
By Carey, Shannon M.; Waller, Mark S..
Oregon Criminal Justice Commission (Salem, OR).
NPC Research (Portland, OR).
Those people interested in the effectiveness of drug courts should read this report. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; evaluation design; methodology; cross-site results for 20 Oregon drug courts according to cost benefits, best practices, and 10 key components; and summary. For every dollar spent on the drug court there is a net benefit of $1.82, with a net savings to the taxpayer of nearly 57$ million over five years.... Read More
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105 pages
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2010
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A Multisite Description of Juvenile Drug Courts: Program Models and During-Program Outcomes
By Hiller, Matthew L.; Malluche, Daniel; Bryan, Valerie; DuPont, M. Louise; Martin, Barbara; Abensur, Rebecca; Leukefeld, Carl; Payne, Connie.
Individuals dealing with the development, implementation, and evaluation of juvenile drug courts (JDCs) will find this article interesting. This study is a synthesis of results culled from systematic process evaluations from three JDCs. Results are organized according to program design and structure, target population, therapeutic activities, available resources, initial and long-term goals, other program concerns, arrests, drug use, and retention. Each of the JDCs are “organized along a three-p... Read More
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24 p.
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2010
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Drug Courts: Background, Effectiveness, and Policy Issues for Congress
By Franco, Celinda.
Congressional Research Service (Washington, DC).
Issues related to state drug courts “that may be of interest to Congress if it considers reauthorizing the drug court grant program or other related legislation” are discussed (p. i). In addition to a summary are these sections: introduction; overview of state drug courts—how they work, their effectiveness, and the Federal Drug Court Discretionary Grant Program; issues for Congress—measuring drug court effectiveness, accreditation as a means to improving drug court effectiveness, state drug cour... Read More
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33 pages
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2010
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Sanctions and Incentives from Operational Drug Courts Throughout the Nation
National Drug Court Institute (Alexandria, VA); National Association of Drug Court Professionals (NADCP) (Alexandria, VA).
This document provides a list of incentives and sanctions for offenders under drug court supervision. The value of this compilation is that it shows incentives for meeting certain terms and conditions of supervision.... Read More
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4 pages
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2009
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America’s Problem-Solving Courts: The Criminal Costs of Treatment and the Case for Reform
National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (NACDL). Problem-Solving Courts Task Force (Washington, DC); Foundation for Criminal Justice (FCJ) (Washington, DC).
The impact of problem-solving courts on the fundamental rights of defendants is assessed. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; decriminalization—the smart, fair, economical, and effective alternative; drug courts in action—operation, issues, and problems; role of defense counsel and ethical concerns; concerns about minorities, the poor, and immigrants; misallocation of public resources; mental health courts; conclusion; summary of recommendations; and layperson’s definition... Read More
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76 pages
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2009
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Rethinking Drug Courts: Restorative Justice as a Response to Racial Injustice
By O'Hear, Michael M..
Marquette University Law School (Milwaukee, WI).
Serious problems with the use of drug courts and the use of restorative justice to fix them are recounted. This report has these sections: introduction; racial disparities in the war on drugs -- magnitude and nature of the problem; why drug treatment courts are not a solution to the problems associated with racial disparities; a better answer -- reimagining drug courts in restorative justice terms; and conclusion.... Read More
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37 p.
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2009
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Drug Courts: A Review of the Evidence
By King, Ryan S.; Pasquarella, Jill.
The Sentencing Project (Washington, DC).
The use of drug courts is assessed. Sections contained in this report are: introduction; how drug courts work -- legal framework, eligibility criteria, programming and sanctions, recidivism, cost savings, the effect of sanctions, the role of the judge, treatment, and impact on prison population; and conclusion and recommendations. While the use of drug courts results in significant benefits, "[s]till largely unknown, however, are the practices which lead to success or failure of a drug court" (... Read More
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19 p.
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2009
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Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations for Juvenile Drug Courts
By Hills, Holly; Shufelt, Jennie L.; Cocozza, Joseph J..
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (Delmar, NJ).
Guidance for the implementation of evidence-based practices in juvenile drug courts is provided. Recommendations are given for screening and assessment, treatment, and outcome monitoring.... Read More
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40 p.
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2007
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Evidence-Based Practice to Reduce Recidivism: Implications for State Judiciaries
By Warren, Roger K..
National Institute of Corrections. Community Corrections Division (Washington, DC).
Crime and Justice Institute (Boston, MA); National Institute of Corrections. Community Corrections Division (Washington, DC).
The reduction of recidivism by state judiciaries utilizing six principles of evidence-based practice (EBP) is explained. Seven sections follow an executive summary: introduction; current state sentencing policies and their consequences; drug courts -- the state judiciary's successful experiment with EBP; the principles of EBP; local sentencing and corrections policy reforms; state sentencing and corrections policy reforms; and conclusion. "[C]arefully targeted rehabilitation and treatment progr... Read More
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77 p.
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1999
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Drug Courts as a Partner in Mental Health and Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorders Diversion Programs
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (Rockville, MD); U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Mental Health Services (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
National GAINS Center (Delmar, NY).
When compared to other community supervision programs, drug courts provide more comprehensive supervision and more frequent drug testing and monitoring. Drug Courts all have higher rates of retention. Lane County's use of a drug court to improve supervision of participants with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders in post-booking jail diversion is highlighted.... Read More
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2 p.
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