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2012
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Webinars
Council of State Governments. Criminal Justice Mental Health Consensus Project (New York, NY).
Those people interested in quick but detailed one hour bites of information about mental health and criminal justice can find archived webinars about such issues at this website. A copy of recordings and related slides are supplied. Some of the presentations offered are “Child Trauma and Juvenile Justice: Prevalence, Impact and Treatment,” “Maximizing the Impact of Juvenile Justice Interventions – The Importance of Risk/Needs Assessment ,” “Mental Illness and Violence,” “Responding to a High-Pro... Read More
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2012
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The Lives of Juvenile Lifers: Findings from a National Survey
By Nellis, Ashley.
The Sentencing Project (Washington, DC).
This report presents data from the first survey about juvenile lifers. This is especially important since the United States is the only country in the world that incarcerates a juvenile (for) life without parole (JLWOP)—meaning this child will die in the prison. Anyone working with incarcerated children especially those for life without parole need to read this publication. Key findings are given for: socioeconomic disadvantages, education failure, and abuse; extreme racial disparities in JLWOP ... Read More
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47 pages
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2012
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National Girls Institute
U.S. Dept of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
National Girls Institute (Jacksonville, FL).
If you are looking for specific information about girls involved in the juvenile justice system, then this should be your first stop. The National Girls Institute (NGI) “is a research-based training and resource clearinghouse designed to advance understanding of girls’ issues and improve program and system responses to girls in the juvenile justice system”. Points of entry include: I work with girls; I’m a parent/caregiver; I’m a girl; and I want to know more. Resources are organized according t... Read More
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2012
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Youth (in)justice: Oral Language Competence in Early Life and Risk for Engagement in Antisocial Behaviour in Adolescence
By Snow, Pamela; Powell, Martine.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
“This paper is concerned with the growing body of evidence, both in Australia … and overseas that identifies oral language competence as a key competency that needs to be acquired early in life, so that important interpersonal, academic and vocational goals can be achieved in pro-social ways and the risk of offending behaviour can be reduced” (p. 1). Sections of this publication cover: what oral language competence is and why it matters; what the literature tells us about early psycho-social ri... Read More
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6 pages
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2012
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Juvenile Mental Health Courts
GAINS Center for Behavioral Health and Justice Transformation (Delmar, NY).
“Juvenile Mental Health Courts (JMHCs) provide case management and support to youth in the juvenile justice system with behavioral health needs. These courts focus on treatment and rehabilitation, and help to divert youth from juvenile detention facilities to community-based services in their local systems of care.” This website provides a map showing where JMHCs are located within the United States.... Read More
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2012
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A National Survey of U.S. Juvenile Mental Health Courts
By Callahan, Lisa; Cocozza, Joseph; Steadman, Henry J.; Tillman, Sheila.
Results from a survey of juvenile mental health courts (JMHCs) in the United States are presented. Information is provided regarding: program characteristics—parent agency responsible, access points, organizations involved with the court, funding source, and multidisciplinary team members; and participant characteristics—age, race, sex, current offenses, and most common diagnosis. JMHCs primarily operate under the juvenile court with funding from the state. Participant offenses are mostly misdem... Read More
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5 pages
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2012
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Miller v. Alabama. Certiorari to the Court of Criminal Appeals of Alabama
U.S. Supreme Court (Washington, DC).
“By requiring that all children convicted of homicide receive lifetime incarceration without possibility of parole, regardless of their age and age-related characteristics and the nature of their crimes, the mandatory sentencing schemes before us violate this principle of proportionality, and so the Eighth Amendment’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment. We accordingly reverse the judgments of the Arkansas Supreme Court and Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals and remand the cases for further proce... Read More
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62 pages
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2012
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It's About Time: Prevention and Intervention Services for Gang-Affiliated Girls
By Wolf, Angela; Gutierrez, Livier.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
“This NCCD Focus highlights the vulnerabilities and consequences of gang involvement for girls, the service needs of girls in gangs and girls at risk of joining gangs, as well as the importance of addressing these service needs as a critical gang violence-prevention strategy. It also provides examples of how various programs are currently addressing the gender-specific service needs of girls involved in gangs” (p. 1). Sections of this publication include: introduction; risk factors and costs for... Read More
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8 pages
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2012
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Arkansas Youth Justice: The Architecture of Reform
By Arthur, Pat; Hartney, Christopher.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD). National Center for Youth Law (Oakland, CA).
“Arkansas leaders, like their counterparts in other states, have embarked on a planned course to transform the state’s juvenile justice system. They aim to ensure that youth are not inappropriately or unnecessarily held in costly secure confinement, and that taxpayer dollars are spent wisely on services that actually produce good outcomes for youth, families, and the community” (p. 1). This report documents their efforts in this endeavor. It is a useful tool if your state is looking to reform y... Read More
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47 pages
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2012
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The National Evaluation and Technical Assistance Center for the Education of Children and Youth Who Are Neglected, Delinquent, or At Risk (NDTAC)
U.S. Dept. of Education (Washington, DC).
National Evaluation and Technical Assistance Center for the Education of Children and Youth Who Are Neglected, Delinquent, or At Risk (NDTAC) (Washington, DC).
NDTAC focuses on “[p]roviding technical assistance to State agencies with Title 1, Part D programs … [while] “[i]mproving education services for children and youth who are neglected, delinquent or at risk.” Assistance from this organization could strengthen your juvenile offender education programs. One of the most useful resources on this site is an interactive map to Title I, Part D information by state. Other points of entry include: about NDTAC; direct assistance; events; topics—Title I, Par... Read More
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2012
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When I Die … They’ll Send Me Home: Youth Sentenced to Life without Parole in California, An Update
By Calvin, Elizabeth; Weir, Annie; Nahoray, Dana; Breen, Austen.
Human Rights Watch (New York, NY).
This report examines the sentencing of youth in California to life without parole, more or less a death sentence. This text is divided into five parts: youth sentenced to die in California prisons—troubling facts, international norms, adolescent differences from adults, financial costs, and dramatically changing legal perspectives; recommendations; parallel cases, starkly different results; changed lives; and arbitrary outcomes—plea bargaining with a teen, teens perception of time, predicting wh... Read More
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34 pages
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2012
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Kept Out: Barriers to Meaningful Education in the School-to-Prison Pipeline
By Askew, Wade; Badu-Nimako, Yvette; Baurer, Elana; Gibson, Megan; Intrieri, Alana; Kaleem, Maheen; Kaplan, Marnie; Mortorano, Nicole; Pettit, Jessica; Plastino, Sarah; Reddy, Vasu; Sirianni, Max.
Georgetown Law Human Rights Institute (Washington, DC).
Georgetown Law Human Rights Institute (Washington, DC).
“’Keep Out’ is a phenomenon that occurs when students try to reenter a setting where they can access meaningful education and are denied by the policies and practices of the education and juvenile justice systems. Keep Out is a part of the larger School-To-Prison Pipeline. The Pipeline includes disciplinary and discretionary policies that push youth out of school and into the criminal justice system” (p. 7). This report examines the barriers that exist for youth seeking an education following a ... Read More
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84 pages
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2012
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Renewing Juvenile Justice
Sierra Health Foundation (Sacramento, CA).
Center of Juvenile and Criminal Justice (San Francisco, CA).
This report “offers recommendations for policy changes to improve practice in local jurisdictions and expand services for high-risk youthful offenders … [and] with the expectation that it will be a helpful tool for local jurisdictions and philanthropic partners interested in reshaping and ultimately renewing juvenile justice practice.” While the focus of this publication is on California, foundations in other states will find this information useful in the event they plan to partner with local j... Read More
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68 pages
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2012
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The Missouri Model: Reinventing the Practice of Rehabilitating Youthful Offenders
By Mendel, Richard A..
Annie E. Casey Foundation ((Baltimore, MD).
States looking to reform their juvenile justice systems will find great strategies within this publication. Sections of this report look at: a better approach to juvenile corrections; nuts and bolts of the Missouri Model—small and non-prisonlike facilities close to home, individual care within a group treatment model, safety through relationships and supervision not correctional coercion, building skills for success, families as partners, and aftercare focus; underlying values, beliefs, and trea... Read More
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60 pages
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2012
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Mental Health Services for Justice-Involved Youth: A Process and Outcome Evaluation of QUEST Futures
By Henry, Kelli.
Center for Court Innovation (New York, NY).
Results from a process and outcome evaluation of QUEST Futures, a demonstration model designed to address the needs of justice-involved youth with mental health needs in Queens, New York. Information from this report can help you in the event you are looking to implement a similar service in your jurisdiction. Chapters following an executive summary include: introduction; methodology; program model; planning; implementation; participant profile; six case studies of assessment, case management, ... Read More
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103 pages
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2012
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Fiscal Policy Center Toolkit: How to Retain Funds for Youth Programming From the Sale of Lease of Juvenile Facilities
By Albin, Lori.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Juvenile Justice Network (Washington, DC).
“The goal of this toolkit is to help advocates ensure that at least a portion of funds garnered through facility closures remains in the juvenile justice system … The best way to guarantee that the proceeds of a sale or lease are not simply absorbed into the state’s general fund is through statute. This toolkit will guide you through the process of drafting a bill—on your own or with the assistance of your legislature’s bill drafters—that will require your state to capture some or all of the pro... Read More
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9 pages
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2012
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The Truth about Consequences: Studies Point toward Sparing Use of Formal Juvenile Justice System Processing and Incarceration
National Juvenile Justice Network (NJJN) (Washington, DC).
“Recent research on the juvenile justice system indicates that in nearly all instances, the best public safety outcomes coincide with the least restrictive interventions for youth, rather than more traditional processing and intervention … costly incarceration of youth contrasts sharply with diversion programs and community-based alternatives, which, when done right, cost less and reduce recidivism” (p. 1). The noted studies show that formal system processing does not reduce delinquency and that... Read More
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3 pages
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2012
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Leadership Development: Keys to Leading Juvenile Justice Reform
By Bilchik, Shay; Townsend, Cherie; Davis, Hasan; Hancock, Brain.
National Center for Youth in Custody (NC4YC) (Kalamazoo, MI).
The role of leadership in fostering change in the juvenile justice system is explained. Topics discussed in this presentation include: introduction—cost savings and matching offender to risk and need; the challenges—collaborative leadership, building a continuum of placements and services, culture change, family engagement, and staff training; measuring outcomes—success defined by reductions in recidivism and other measures of success; juvenile justice reform—the perspectives of the juvenile cor... Read More
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49 pages
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2012
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Addressing the Needs of Multi-System Youth: Strengthening the Connection between Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice
By Herz, Denise; Lee, Philip; Lutz, Lorrie; Stewart, Macon; Tuell, John; Wiig, Janet.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Georgetown University. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (Washington, DC); Robert F. Kennedy Children's Action Corps (Boston. MA).
“The purpose of this paper is to provide communities with a consolidated framework for serving crossover youth that incorporates the most up-to-date research, lessons from ongoing reform efforts, and an innovative collaborative management structure” (p. 1). Crossover youth are children involved in both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. This report is divided into five parts: introduction to dually involved (or crossover) youth and multi-system reform initiatives; understanding the ... Read More
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84 pages
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2012
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Screening and Assessment in Juvenile Justice Systems: Identifying Mental Health Needs and Risk of Reoffending
By Vincent, Gina M..
Technical Assistance Partnership for Child and Family Mental Health (Washington, DC).
“This brief will explain why screening and assessment for risk and mental health are best used together by child-serving agencies when planning the most effective course of action for individual youth” (p. 1). Sections of this publication include: how screening and assessment differ; how the above concepts differ for risk assessment tools; how an agency selects a valid tool that is appropriate for its purpose; some examples of tools sued in juvenile justice facilities and community-based service... Read More
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17 pages
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2012
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Is the Juvenile Justice Realignment Train Slowing Down?
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Carrion, Gladys; Steinhart, David; Rodriguez, Jennifer.
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
National Center for Youth in Custody (NC4YC) (Kalamazoo, MI).
“After nearly two decades of falling crime, down-sizing juvenile corrections and detention is a central theme in a growing number of juvenile justice systems … What does the future hold for juvenile justice reform? Were the changes that occurred over the past ten years a permanent shift in policy and practice, or were they merely a temporary reaction to tight budgets and low rates of violent crime? Will policymakers maintain reforms if and when crime rises or budgets rebound?” Topics discussed i... Read More
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41 pages
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2012
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Child Sexual Abuse and Subsequent Offending and Victimization: A 45 Year Follow-Up Study
By Ogloff, James R.P.; Cutajar, Margaret C.; Mann, Emily; Mullen, Paul.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
The impact of sexual abuse as a child on that individual’s later offending or re-victimization as an adult is examined. Sections of this report cover: subsequent offending by childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victims; subsequent victimization of CSA victims; association between CSA and offending; association between CSA and victimization; and mediating factors between CSA and offending. Victims of childhood sexual assault “were almost five times more likely than the general population to be charged w... Read More
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6 pages
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2012
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Growing Up LGBT in America: HRC Youth Survey Report Key Findings
Human Rights Campaign (Washington, DC).
Results from a national survey of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) youth ages 13-17 are presented. “The deck is stacked against young people growing up lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender in America. Official government discrimination or indifference along with social ostracism leaves many teens disaffected and disconnected in their own homes and neighborhoods. With an increase in public awareness about anti-LGBT bullying and harassment and the strikingly high number of LGBT youth... Read More
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36 pages
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2012
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Implementing The Prison Rape Elimination Act: A Toolkit for Juvenile Agencies and Facilities
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
The Moss Group, Inc. (Washington, DC); Center for Innovative Public Policies (CIPP) (Naples, FL).
“The goal of this Toolkit is to provide juvenile agencies and facilities of all sizes, political divisions, and geographic locations with a step-by-step guide for preventing, detecting, and eliminating sexual abuse of residents in their custody – and for responding effectively to abuse when it does occur” (p. 4). This document is divided into three parts; PREA implementation—general information about the PREA law, the PREA Standards, definitions and terms, developing strategies to comply with PR... Read More
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104 pages
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2012
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The Unfair Criminalization of Gay and Transgender Youth: An Overview of the Experiences of LGBT Youth in the Juvenile Justice System
By Hunt, Jerome; Moodie-Mills, Aisha.
Center for American Progress (Washington, DC).
“Gay and transgender youth are pipelined into the juvenile justice system at disproportion¬ate rates, often stripped of their basic dignity and civil rights, and treated in a harmful and discriminatory manner once in the system. The current policies and practices of schools and the juvenile justice system overlook gay and transgender youth and perpetuate stigma and bias that can lead to their unwarranted criminalization and unfair treatment” (p. 7). This report aims to clear up the confusion reg... Read More
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12 pages
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2012
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Key Facts: Youth in the Justice System
Campaign for Youth Justice (Washington, DC).
This publication is a great primer for those people wanting a concise overview of juvenile justice issues. Information is provided for: youth crime; youth in the juvenile justice system—juvenile court process, and juvenile detention and corrections; youth in the adult criminal justice system—housing youth in adult jails and prisons; racial and ethnic disparities; family involvement; and cost effective alternatives.... Read More
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7 pages
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2012
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Model Policy: Training for Youth Facility Staff: Ensuring Competence that Includes the Rights and Needs of LGBTQ Youth
MAC AIDS Fund (New York, NY); Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS (New York, NY); Arcus Foundation (New York, NY); Elton John Foundation (New York, NY).
Center for HIV Law and Policy (CHLP). Teen SENSE (New York, NY).
"This Model Policy, designed for use by agencies and jurisdictions that provide services for youth in state custody, outlines the basic requirements for ensuring staff competence, including on the rights and needs of LGBTQ youth."... Read More
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1 page
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2012
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Teen SENSE Model Staff Training Standards Focusing on the Needs of Youth in State Custody, Center for HIV Law and Policy
MAC AIDS Fund (New York, NY); Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS (New York, NY); Arcus Foundation (New York, NY); Elton John Foundation (New York, NY).
Center for HIV Law and Policy (CHLP). Teen SENSE (New York, NY).
These standards “are designed to ensure that all staff of foster care, detention, and other government operated and regulated youth facilities are equipped to understand and protect the health and well-being of all youth, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity … The standards also reflect the need for universal staff competence in communicating with and advising all youth” (p. 4). Sections of these standards are: goal; target audience; core competencies of comprehensive training pro... Read More
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23 pages
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2012
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LGBT Youth in Detention: Understanding and Integrating Equitable Services
By Wilber, Shannan; Brown, Bernadette; Celestine, Anthony.
Juvenile Detention Alternative Initiative (JDAI). The Equity Project (Washington, DC).
This presentation is comprised of a series of questions regarding: what is known about LGBT youth; intake and risk assessment; gender and sexual orientation; name and pronoun; detention and family involvement; housing; and race. The resulting discussion results in covering: the available data on lesbian, gay, bisexual and gender nonconforming (LGBT) youth in detention; implications for practice; and integration of these issues in site-based reform efforts.... Read More
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30 pages
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2012
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Investigation of the Shelby County Juvenile Court
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Civil Rights Division (Washington, DC).
Results from an investigation of operations by the Juvenile Court of Memphis and Shelby County (JCMSC) and the Shelby County Juvenile Detention Center are presented. These observations support the concerns some organizations have about the juvenile justice system in the United States. Sections following a summary of findings are: the investigation; background of juvenile courts; due process violations; equal protection and Title VI findings; practices that contribute to due process and equal pro... Read More
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68 pages
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2012
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A Primer for Mental Health Practitioners Working With Youth Involved in the Juvenile Justice System
By Kinscherff, Robert.
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Mental Health Services. Federal Child, Adolescent and Family Branch (Washington, DC).
Technical Assistance Partnership for Child and Family Mental Health (TA Partnership) (Washington, DC); National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (NCMHJJ) (Delmar, NY).
“This paper provides an overview for mental health practitioners who provide professional services to youth who are involved with the juvenile justice system …. While primarily intended for mental health professionals working within system of care communities or interested in developing a system of care collaboration in their area, this paper is relevant for any mental health practitioner providing professional services to youth involved or at risk of involvement in the juvenile justice system. ... Read More
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28 pages
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2012
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Health, Justice, Women: Transforming Systems--Changing Lives [Satellite/Internet Broadcast]
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
Women and girls enter the criminal justice system with distinct and unique health care needs. Most are in their child bearing years, may have children, many are victims of abuse, have a mental health diagnosis, or typically exhibit more misconduct than male offenders. This complex mix of needs affects a system's ability to work effectively as it draws upon a higher percentage of resources to care for female offenders.
During this national discussion held on August 15, 2012, participants will ... Read More
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2012
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Stopping the Madness: A New Reentry System for Juvenile Corrections
By Sells, Scott; Sullivan, Irene; DeVore, Donald.
If you are looking for a strategy to reduce the increasing rates of juvenile recidivism in your jurisdiction then this article should be on your “Must Read” list. The promising evidence-based reentry model described herein is called Parenting with Love and Limits (PLL). PLL is being utilized in seven states. Sections of this article include: one potential solution—a new reentry operating system utilizing community-level collaboration; summary of reentry delivery system changes; five recommendati... Read More
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5 pages
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2012
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Trends in Juvenile Justice State Legislation: 2001-2011
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Models for Change (Chicago, IL).
National Conference of State Legislatures (Denver, CO).
“States are re-evaluating their juvenile justice systems in order to identify methods that produce better results for kids at lower cost. This has contributed to a state legislative trend to realign fiscal resources from state institutions toward more effective community-based services” (p. 3). Sections following an executive summary discuss: distinguishing juvenile offenders from adults—adolescent developmental research, federal standards, raising the age of juvenile court jurisdiction, reformi... Read More
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16 pages
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2012
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Shackling of Pregnant Women and Girls in Correctional Systems
NCCD Center for Girls and Young Women (Jacksonville, FL); National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
The practice of shackling pregnant girls in Florida is used to illustrate why physical restraints should never be used on any pregnant female. This publication is comprised of the following sections: issue overview; painting the picture of incarcerated pregnant girls; numbers affected; legislation; what is happening in Florida; Amnesty International policy guidelines for incarcerated pregnant women; and medical justification for banning shackling.... Read More
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2 pages
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2012
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PREA Training Video: Addressing Sexual Misconduct in the Juvenile Corrections Environment (Full)
Calamari Productions (Indianapolis, IN); Indiana Dept. of Correction (Indianapolis, IN).
"Full length training video for educating Juvenile Corrections staff on the sensitive issue of offender sexual misconduct. The video delves into the topics of: understanding juvenile offenders, dealing with juvenile sex offenders, handling offender-on-offender sexual misconduct, preventing staff-on-offender sexual misconduct, and managing reactions to offender masturbation."... Read More
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32 minutes
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2011
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Shackling
By Mason, Robert.
Three documents are included in this collection of handouts: “Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure p. 8.100 (2011)” regarding the use of restraints (shackles) on juvenile offenders; “In Re: Amendments to the Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure, No. SC09-11); and “The Florida Senate Interim Report 2010-2011 (October 2009)” which “contains a policy analysis of shackling youth in juvenile courts , including a discussion of the ensuing debate surrounding the issue, a review of shackling practices in ... Read More
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21 pages
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2011
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LGBTQ Youth in the Juvenile Justice System [Parts 1 and 2]
By Valentino, Amanda.
American Bar Association. Section of Litigation (Chicago, IL).
Issues surrounding justice-involved lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning/queer (LGBTQ) youth are discussed. It is vitally important for individuals working with youth to know that at least 13% of juveniles involved with the juvenile justice system are LGBTQ and require services and programs to address their particular needs and to keep them safe. Sections of Part 1 include: an increase in identifies LGBTQ youth; disproportionate representation; examples of abuse; and that isolati... Read More
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9 pages
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2011
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Promoting a Safe and Respectable Environment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Questioning (LGBTQ) Youth and their Families Involved in the Child Welfare System; and Guidelines for Promoting a Safe and Respectable Environment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Questioning (LGBTQ) Youth and their Families Involved with DYFJ
New York City Administration for Children's Services (ACS). Division of Policy and Planning. Policy Development and Program Planning (New York, NY).
“The purpose of these policies is to provide direction to Children'[s] Services and provider agency staff and volunteers on sensitive, inclusive and gender neutral practice as well as strategies to address bias and meet the unique needs of our youth and families. It should be used as best practice guidelines by Children's Services and provider agency staff and volunteers in order to provide LGBTQ youth and families with services in a respectful, safe, inclusive, culturally competent and affirm... Read More
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40 pages
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2011
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A Place of Respect: A Guide for Group Care Facilities Serving Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Youth
By Marksamer, Jody; Spade, Dean; Arkles, Gabriel.
National Center for Lesbian Rights (NCLR) (San Francisco, CA); Sylvia Rivera Law Project (SRLP) (New York, NY).
“Transgender and gender non-conforming youth often face serious physical, emotional, and sexual abuse in group homes, detention centers, and correctional institutions. Because staff members are often unsure of how to provide respectful and supportive services to these youth, they may unwittingly subject them to situations that are discriminatory and harmful. This guide offers group care facilities information and tools to provide transgender and gender non-conforming young people with appropriat... Read More
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76 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Diversion Guidebook
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change Juvenile Diversion Workgroup (Washington, DC).
Anyone wishing to create or improve juvenile diversion operations and programming will find this guidebook an excellent resource. Three parts comprise this publication: introduction; overview of diversion; and steps for developing and improving juvenile diversion programs—purpose, oversight, intake criteria, operation policies, legal protections, and quality.... Read More
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168 pages
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2011
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How Can We Know If Juvenile Justice Reforms Are Worth the Cost?
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change (Washington, DC).
“This policy brief summarizes the benefit-cost analysis of a set of reforms intended to make juvenile detention more developmentally productive: residential centers that provide youths with group-based cognitive behavior therapy” (p. 1). It offers great information for other agencies considering juvenile justice reform. Sections of this brief include: introduction; what should count as a benefit; what can be monetized; how costs should be quantified; and the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detent... Read More
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4 pages
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2011
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A Snapshot of Juvenile Sex Offender Registration and Notification Laws: A Survey of the United States
By Pittman, Nicole; Nguyen, Quyen.
National Juvenile Justice Network (Washington, DC).
“In light of the mottled condition of sex offender registration and notification laws across the country, and the fact that this book was started less than a year before the final deadline for states to come into compliance with SORNA, our goal is to provide a straightforward reference guide during this time of great flux” (p. 1). One can use this survey to see how different states compare to each other in regards to the Adam Walsh Act. This publication is divided into seven parts: introduction;... Read More
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128 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Detention in Cook County: Future Directions
Jane Addams Juvenile Court Foundation (Evanston, IL).
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
Results from an assessment of Cook County’s youth detention practices are presented. “This study looks beyond the challenges of the current facility to examine more fundamentally the detention needs of the county and its youth. The ultimate goal of the study is to guide discussion regarding a new vision for detention in Cook County—a vision that holds to the ideals that informed the creation of the court in 1899 while recognizing the current circumstances in which the court operates” (p. 4). Sec... Read More
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62 pages
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2011
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Youth in Minnesota Correctional Facilities: Responses to the 2010 Minnesota Student Survey
By Swayze, Dana; Buskovick, Danette.
Minnesota Dept. of Public Safety. Office of Justice Programs. Statistical Analysis Center (St. Paul, MN).
Results from a survey comparing youth in correctional facilities to youth in mainstream schools are presented. “Exploring differences between the two student groups can provide information on what challenges youth in correctional facilities are facing, and what targeted intervention efforts may alleviate their personal or situational difficulties. Similarly, areas in which survey responses are the same for both groups can illuminate protective factors all youth possess, or risk factors to which ... Read More
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56 pages
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2011
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Girls in Minnesota Correctional Facilities: Responses to the 2010 Minnesota Student Survey
By Swayze, Dana; Buskovick, Danette.
Minnesota Dept. of Public Safety. Office of Justice Programs. Statistical Analysis Center (St. Paul, MN).
“This report seeks to illuminate statistically significant differences in responses between girls and boys in correctional facilities; to explore how these data are relevant to research on juvenile justice risk factors by gender; and to provide research-based recommendations for serving the specific needs of juvenile female offenders” (p. 2). Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; findings for girls in Minnesota correctional facilities according to demographics, victimization... Read More
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46 pages
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2011
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Multisystemic Therapy Outcomes in an Evidence-Based Pratice Pilot
By Mayfield, Jim.
Washington State Institute for Public Policy (Olympia, WA).
The Multisystemic Therapy (MST) pilot program, “an intensive family- and community-based intervention for chronic juvenile offenders and youth with serious emotional disorders, 12 to 17 years of age, is evaluated (p. 1). Sections of this report include: executive summary; introduction; the intervention and referral process; characteristics of enrolled youth; outcomes regarding subsequent involvement in criminal justice at 12 months and use of public mental health services; summary; and statistic... Read More
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8 pages
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2011
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Reentry Programs for Students with Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System: Four State Approaches
By Muller, Eve.
U.S. Dept. of Education. Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) (Washington, DC).
Project Forum; National Association of State Directors of Special Education (NASDSE) (Alexandria, VA).
“ Evidence strongly supports the notion that juvenile offenders, both with and without disabilities, are significantly more likely to experience successful reentry into their home schools and communities if appropriate programs and supports are in place” (p. 1). Strategies for effectively meeting the reentry needs of disabled justice-involved youth are described. Sections of this analysis include: overview and background—what reentry is, federal efforts to support successful reentry, prevalence ... Read More
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12 pages
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2011
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Addressing the Needs of Women and Girls: Developing Core Competencies for Mental Health and Substance Abuse Service Professionals
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Rockville, MD).
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Rockville, MD).
“The Core Competency Report is intended to serve as a companion and complement to existing professional competencies and program standards in mental health and substance abuse services … [and] was created as a tool to help develop the workforce serving women and girls; its intent is to offer the filed a framework that can be tailored and adapted to meet multiple needs” (p. 3). Sections of this document include: introduction; need for core competencies when working with women and girls; the compe... Read More
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43 pages
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2011
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Non-Discriminatory, Developmentally-Sound Treatment of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Youth
New Orleans Juvenile Detention Center (New Orleans, LA); Louisiana Dept. of Human Services (Baton Rouge, LA).
This groundbreaking policy explains how detention staff will supervise Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) youth. It is considered one of the best policies of its kind. If you are looking to develop such a policy you would do well to look at this one. “Staff shall not discriminate against or harass, physically or verbally, any youth in our care because the juvenile is lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender or because a staff member perceives a juvenile to be LGBT. Staff must also protec... Read More
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3 pages
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2011
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Underage Drinking: Intervention Principles and Practice Guidelines for Community Corrections
By Crowe, Ann H.; Mullins, Tracy G.; Cobb, Kimberly A.; Lowe, Nathan C..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation (PIRE) (Calverton, MD); American Probation and Parole Association (Lexington, KY).
This guide provides “a set of guiding principles, developed from evidence-based practices, to assist community corrections in responding more effectively to underage drinking offenders. It is imperative for community corrections workers to remain fully informed of the actions they can take to address this issue” (p. 2). Five sections comprise this document: setting the stage—the problem of underage drinking; legal issues related to underage drinking; assumptions and principles for community supe... Read More
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111 pages
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2011
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Capital Change: A Process Evaluation of Washington, DC’s Secure Juvenile Placement Reform
By Daly, Reagan; Kapur, Tarika; Elliott, Margaret.
Vera Institute of Justice. Center on Youth Justice (Washington, DC).
Results from a year-long process evaluation of the District of Columbia’s Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services (DYRS) are presented. The DYRS resulted from “a comprehensive reform of the District’s responses to youth in secure placement (equivalent to prison in the adult context) (p. iii). Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; background—events leading to juvenile justice reform in DC; methodology; findings regarding DYRS’s strategy for reform, components of the refor... Read More
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43 pages
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2011
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Raising the Age of Juvenile Jurisdiction in North Carolina
By Henrichson, Christian; Levshin, Valerie.
Vera Institute of Justice. Cost-Benefit Analysis Unit (New York, NY).
Those looking to increase the age of juvenile jurisdiction to 18 will find this report useful in getting their shareholders on board with the change. The North Carolina Youth Accountability Planning Task Force was tasked with “implementing a plan to transfer 16- and 17-year-olds who commit misdemeanor and low-level, non-violent felony offenses to the juvenile system, while keeping 16- and 17-year-olds who commit serious violent felonies in the adult criminal justice system” (p. iii). These secti... Read More
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47 pages
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2011
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What Makes Juvenile Offenders Different from Adult Offenders?
By Richards, Kelly.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
“This paper outlines the factors (biological, psychological and social) that make juvenile offenders different from adult offenders and that necessitate unique responses to juvenile crime” (p. 1). Anyone connected to juveniles involved with the criminal justice system needs to be aware of the findings gleaned from this study. Sections of this publication are: how juvenile offending differs from adult offending—the proportion of crime perpetrated by juveniles, growing out of crime and the age-cri... Read More
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8 pages
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2011
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Highlights From Pathways to Desistance: A Longitudinal Study of Serious Adolescent Offenders
By Mulvey, Edward P..
U.S. Dept of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Findings are presented from the Pathways to Desistance Study, the most comprehensive and current data set for serious adolescent offenders. Individuals working with justice-involved youth should be familiar with this summary. Major observations include: regardless of interventions utilized, most youth who commit felonies greatly reduce their offending over time; longer stays in juvenile institutions do not reduce recidivism; the use of community-based supervision as part of aftercare is effectiv... Read More
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4 pages
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2011
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Bench Book for Judges & Court Personnel
Interstate Commission for Juveniles (Lexington, KY).
The role, rules, and processes of the Interstate Compact for Juveniles (ICJ) are explained. The ICJ governs the interstate movement of juveniles. Sections prior to the five chapters are: latest development in the Interstate Compact for Juveniles, how to use this Bench Book, introduction, and Quick Reference Guide. Chapters include: understanding interstate compacts and the general law of interstate compacts; the Interstate Compact for Juveniles; the revised ICJ and its implications for the court... Read More
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214 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Justice: Addressing the Collateral Consequences of Convictions for Young Offenders
By Nellis, Ashley.
National Association of Criminal Justice Lawyers (NACDL) (Washington, DC).
“This article explores areas in need of attention and reform so that young people who have been adjudicated delinquent or convicted of a crime are not punished subsequently by other systems they encounter” (p. 20). Topics covered include: an overview of the juvenile offender population; original intent of the juvenile justice system; collateral consequences of a conviction or delinquency adjudication—zero tolerance and other school push-out policies, challenges to re-enrollment, barriers to empl... Read More
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7 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Justice Training Needs Assessment: A Survey of Law Enforcement
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
International Association of Chiefs of Police (Alexandria, VA).
Findings from the Juvenile Justice Training Needs Assessment Survey “identify challenges and training needs facing law enforcement in addressing juvenile crime, delinquency and victimization” (p. 3). Four sections follow an executive summary—introduction, methodology, results, and conclusion. Results are organized according to: survey population and agency type; juvenile justice operations—staffing and funding and policy and procedure; training—budget, recipients, and methods; and training needs... Read More
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45 pages
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2011
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Tribal Youth in the Federal Justice System: Final Report (Revised)
By Adams, William; Samuels, Julie.
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
Urban Institute. Justice Policy Center (Washington, DC).
This report looks at issues related to American Indian youth in the federal justice system. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction—overview of the federal justice system, federal jurisdiction involving juveniles, and understanding criminal jurisdiction in Indian Country; exploring current practice—arrest and investigation, prosecution, adjudication and disposition, detention (pre- and post-adjudication), pretrial and post-conviction supervision, and innovative strategies from ... Read More
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204 pages
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2011
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No Place for Kids: The Case for Reducing Juvenile Incarceration
By Mendel, Richard A..
Annie E. Casey Foundation (Baltimore, MD).
The critical need for juvenile corrections reform is explained. This report should be read by anyone interested in issues surrounding juveniles involved in the criminal justice system. Sections of this publication clarifies: what is wrong with juvenile corrections facilities in the U.S.—dangerous, ineffective, unnecessary, obsolete, wasteful, and inadequate; whether it is safe to reduce the number of juveniles confined; how states should go about reforming juvenile corrections—six priorities; an... Read More
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51 pages
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2011
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Bringing Youth Home: A National Movement to Increase Public Safety, Rehabilitate Youth and Save Money
National Juvenile Justice Network (Washington, DC).
“This paper includes examples of states that have reduced their juvenile facility populations and are now not only reaping the rewards of new found funds that can be redirected into more effective community-based services for youth, but also seeing a better return on their investment in terms of juvenile rehabilitation and public safety” (p. 1). States highlighted are Alabama, California, the District of Columbia, Florida, Kansas, New York, Ohio, and Texas. Things to consider when downsizing juv... Read More
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16 pages
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2011
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Core Training Information
Corrections Standards Authority (CSA) (Sacramento, CA).
Resources for the standardized training of new correctional officers are provided. “A Core course is a formal, structured, job-related training … [that is] a critical part of the overall requirements to reach journey-level status” in three corrections positions—Adult Correctional Officer, Juvenile Correctional Officer, and Probation Officer. Publications are grouped according to: Faq’s and Tasks—Core Certified Training FAQ, Adult Correctional Officer Core Tasks, Juvenile Officer Core Tasks, and ... Read More
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2011
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Resolution, Reinvestment, and Realignment: Three Strategies for Changing Juvenile Justice
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Evans, Douglas N..
City University of New York. John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Research and Evaluation Center (New York, NY).
Innovative strategies exist for cutting correctional costs by removing juveniles from incarceration in state facilities and placing them under community supervision. “This report reviews the history and development of these strategies and analyzes their impact on policy, practice, and public safety” (p. ii). Reform initiatives are generally of three types: resolution—“direct managerial influence over system behavior”; reinvestment—“financial incentives to change system behavior”; and realignment... Read More
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33 pages
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2011
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NPC Research Materials
NPC Research (Portland, OR).
“NPC Research provides quality social services evaluation, policy analysis, research, and training.” This website provides information, reports, and evaluations pertaining to a wide range of project areas. Specialty Areas include child abuse and its prevention, community health, criminal justice, drug treatment courts and other problem-solving courts, early childhood and family well-being, juvenile justice, literacy, substance abuse prevention and treatment, and youth development and strengths. ... Read More
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2011
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Safety, Fairness, Stability: Repositioning Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare to Engage Families and Communities
By Pennell, Joan; Shapiro, Carol; Spigner, Carol.
Georgetown University. Public Policy Institute. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (CJJR) (Washington, DC).
The need to strengthen the ties between family members and youth involved in the juvenile justice system is explained. Family engagement is one strategy for agencies working to create “pro-social connections that will support them [juvenile offenders] in their path to adulthood” (p. v). This report is divided into six parts: introduction and background; shifting views of parents and youth—historical development and opportunity for change; family engagement—what it means; practice strategies—putt... Read More
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78 pages
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2011
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Fifty State Survey of State Criminal Laws Addressing the Sexual Exploitation of Minors
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
NIC/WCL Project on Addressing Prison Rape (Washington, DC); American University. Washington School of Law (Washington, DC).
Entries covering the relevant statute(s), age of consent, definitions, defenses, and penalty regarding the sexual exploitation of minors are provided.... Read More
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658 pages
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2011
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From Risks to Assets: Toward a Strengths-Based Approach to Juvenile Reentry into the Community
By Page, Joshua; Schaefer, Shelly.
Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (Minneapolis, MN).
Strategies for making juvenile reentry more effective are described. Such information is vital if a juvenile agency is trying to reform itself into a successful organization. Sections of this article include: probation officer and probationer—a pivotal relationship for the juvenile offender’s transition into the community; risk/needs-based versus strengths-based approach; research methodology; case studies; and discussion. A strengths-based approach focuses on juveniles’ strengths or assets, pro... Read More
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7 pages
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2011
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Trends in Juvenile Detention in Australia
By Richards, Kelly.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
This report looks at key trends in Australia’s juvenile detention. It can be used as a good comparison of juvenile detention in Australia versus that in the United States. Sections of this publication include: trends in juvenile detention—sex age, indigenous status, legal status (remanded or sentenced); key issues—increase in proportion of remanded juveniles and indigenous juveniles in detention; and conclusion.... Read More
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8 pages
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2011
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PREA in the Juvenile Justice System Resources
Oregon Youth Authority (Salem, OR); National PREA Resource Workgroup (Salem, OR).
What makes this webpage unique is its offering of PREA (Prison Rape Elimination Act) material for the juvenile justice setting. Points of access include: publications; useful links; and training materials and samples from Oregon—training presentation, youth safety letters, surveys, youth safety tools and promos, and tracking tool. There are also links to news, discussions, and connections (related organizations nationwide).... Read More
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2011
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Synthesis of Research and Resources to Support At-Risk Youth
By Koball, Heather; Dion, Robin; Gothro, Andrew; Bardos, Maura; Dworsky, Amy; Lansing, Jiffy; Stagner, Matthew; Korom-Djakovic, Danijela; Herrera, Carla; Manning, Alice Elizabeth.
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Administration for Children and Families. Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (Washington, DC).
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Administration for Children and Families. Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation (Washington, DC); Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. (Princeton, NJ).
What is known about at-risk youth and programs that improve the well-being of these youth and foster their ability to be self-sufficient are covered. Other agencies can take this information and use it to develop or enhance their own programs for at-risk youth. Sections comprising this report include: introduction; theoretical perspectives and intervention approaches—the risk and resilience perspective, intervention approaches to increase resiliency, the capital development perspective, interven... Read More
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92 pages
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2011
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Motivational Interviewing for Incarcerated Adolescents: Effects of Depressive Symptoms on Reducing Alcohol and Marijuana Use After Release
By Stein, L.A.R.; Lebeau, Rebecca; Colby, Suzanne M.; Barnett, Nancy P.; Golembeske, Charles; Monti, Peter M..
“This study evaluates the efficacy of MI [motivational interviewing] versus RT [relaxation training] in reducing substance use outcomes for incarcerated adolescents and examines the role of depressive symptoms in moderating outcomes.” While MI is shown to be effective in reducing the use of alcohol in adolescents with low and high levels of depression and marijuana use in individuals with low levels of depression, it appears RT is better suited to marijuana-involved adolescents with high depress... Read More
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10 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Justice Guide Book for Legislators
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Conference of State Legislatures (Denver, CO).
Individuals needing a review of the most pressing issues impacting juvenile justice should refer to this guidebook. “This juvenile justice primer highlights significant research, program approaches and gives examples of state legislation.” Sections contained in this publication are: introduction and overview; adolescent development and competency; delinquency prevention and intervention; indigent defense, counsel, and procedural issues; mental health needs of juvenile offenders; disproportionate... Read More
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102 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Arrests 2009
By Puzzanchera, Charles; Adams, Benjamin.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
This publication provides a “comprehensive statistical overview of the problems of juvenile crime, violence, and victimization and the response of the juvenile justice system” (p. 1). Data show that juvenile crime is not on the rise. Arrests of juveniles for violent offenses dropped 10% from 2008 to 2009. Since arrest rates hit their peak in 1994, there has been a decline of almost 50%. Yet, the juvenile arrest rate for simple assault, which is the most common juvenile crime against people, has... Read More
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24 pages
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2011
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Mentally Ill Juveniles in Local Custody: Issues and Analysis
Corrections Standards Authority (CSA) (Sacramento, CA).
This paper “focuse[s] on ways to maximize existing resources and employ cost effective, as well as programmatically effective, proven interventions … and seeks to describe as many of these ways of ‘working smarter’ [i.e., best and evidence based practices, emerging interventions, programmatic or operational successes, and promising innovations departments have tested] and as many of the key issues as possible” (p. 2). Sections of this paper include: introduction; what has come before; structural... Read More
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81 pages
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2011
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Ten Truths about Juvenile Justice Reform
By Moll, Jeanette.
Texas Public Policy Foundation. Center for Effective Justice (Austin, TX).
Guidance on how to achieve reductions in operational expenditures while implementing comprehensive juvenile justice reform is provided. While this publication is targeted for state lawmakers, its content should be taken into account by local decision makers. state Reform efforts should incorporate the following ten truths about juvenile justice: confinement is still necessary; juvenile residential programs should be community-based when possible; confinement should not be the default response; r... Read More
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4 pages
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2011
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Juvenile Justice Bill Tracking Database
National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) (Denver, CO); John D.and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
All pending and enacted bills on pertinent juvenile justice issues can be found in this database. It is searchable by state, topic, key word, year, status, and primary sponsor. Juvenile justice topics covered include: administration and organization; corrections/detention and conditions of confinement; defense, due process, and procedural; disposition options and proceedings; disproportionate minority contact; juvenile delinquency and gang prevention; juvenile sex offenders; mental health and su... Read More
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2011
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Webinar: Maximizing the Impact of Juvenile Justice Interventions: The Importance of Risk/Needs Assessment
Council of State Governments. Criminal Justice Mental Health Consensus Project (New York, NY); University of Massachusetts. Medical School. National Youth Screening and Assessment Project (NYSAP) (Worcester, MA).
This webinar addresses the use of risk/needs assessment in juvenile justice. It is also a very good introduction to what risk assessment entails. Topics discussed include: what a risk assessment tool is; the national perspective and importance of risk assessment; guiding principles; benefits per dollar invested; valid identification is the first step; ways proper implementation of a risk assessment can save costs; important risk assessment concepts; static risk factors; criminogenic need/dynamic... Read More
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37 pages + 1 audio file (58 minutes)
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2011
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An Executive Summary: Rethinking Juvenile Justice
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change (Washington, DC).
This brief provides a very nice summary of the book “Rethinking Juvenile Justice” by Elizabeth S. Scott and Laurence Steinberg. “They outline a new development model that is complex, nuanced, and grounded in scientific evidence” (p. 1). This publication explains why it is a great time for reform—we know more about adolescent development, public attitudes are changing, and incarcerating juveniles is not very cost-effective. This summary also discusses: fairness and the principle of proportionalit... Read More
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4 pages
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2010
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Costs of Incarcerating Youth with Mental Illness: Final Report
By Cohen, Edward; Pfeifer, Jane.
Chief Probation Officers of California (CPOC) (Sacramento, CA); California Mental Health Directors Association (CMHDA) (Sacramento, CA).
This project was “conducted for the primary purpose of informing public policy development by analyzing the costs and contexts related to incarcerating youth with mental illness and co-occurring mental illness/substance use disorders in California detention facilities (p. iii). Sections of this report include: introduction; background and context; study methods; results for basic facility costs, characteristics of detained youth, services and costs for mental health treatment, substance abuse se... Read More
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88 pages
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2010
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Fostering Partnerships: The JOCHS Approach to Community-Based Health Care for Young Offenders
By Torrey, Nancy; Rosenberg, Steve.
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Princeton, NJ); California Endowment (Los Angeles, CA).
Community Oriented Correctional Health Services (COCHS) (Oakland, CA).
“The information in this paper is meant to support county probation and health care agencies and their community partners as they assess and consider changes to their local juvenile health care system” (p. 2). The Juvenile Offenders Community Health Services (JOCHS) project aims to develop partnerships between local juvenile justice systems and community-based health care services utilizing “a promising approach for delivering integrated physical and mental health services to vulnerable youth th... Read More
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29 pages
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2010
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Models for Change: Innovations in Practice
By Griffin, Patrick.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Center for Juvenile Justice (Pittsburgh,PA).
Four promising innovations in juvenile justice system reform are described. These strategies are “all home-grown, but all capable of being studied, shared, and adapted elsewhere” (p. 2). These models of reform are: Pennsylvania Academic and Career/Technical Training (PACTT) Alliance; Peacekeeping Circles—expanding informal alternatives in Peoria, Illinois; Jefferson Parrish—dealing with racial disparities at the front door in Louisiana; and King County—uniting for youth in Washington.... Read More
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12 pages
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2010
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Final Report on the Evaluation of the Boys Town Short-Term Residential Treatment Program for Girls
By Cohen, Marcia I.; Gies, Stephen V.; Williams, Katherine; Gainey, Randy; Bekelman, Alan; Yeide, Martha.
National Institute of Justice. Office of Research and Evaluation (Washington, DC).
Development Services Group, Inc. (Bethesda, MD).
Those people involved with or interested in issues related to girl offenders should be aware of this research. The effectiveness of the Boys Town Short-Term Residential Treatment Program for Girls is assessed. This is one of the few studies focusing on short-term care facilities for girls. Five sections follow an abstract and executive study: background of the evaluation and the nature of the problem; methods; process evaluation and descriptive statistics; outcome evaluation findings; and concl... Read More
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379 pasges
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2010
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Research Update on Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts
By Marlowe, Douglas B..
National Association of Drug Court Professionals (Alexandria, VA).
“Research on Juvenile Drug Treatment Courts (JDTCs) has lagged considerably behind that of its adult counterparts. Although evidence is mounting that JDTCs can be effective at reducing delinquency and substance abuse, the field is just beginning to identify the factors that distinguish effective from ineffective programs” (p. 1). Sections of this publication include effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, best practices, and recommendations to drug courts.... Read More
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6 pages
|
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2010
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The Missouri Model: Reducing the Practice of Rehabilitating Youthful Offenders: Summary Report
By Mendel, Richard A..
Annie E. Casey Foundation. Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (Baltimore, MD).
This review explains how the Missouri Division of Youth Services’ approach to juvenile corrections helps youth become productive citizens, ensures public safety, and saves money. Other states looking to implement juvenile justice reforms should consult this report. Utilizing “smaller, regionally dispersed facilities…Missouri offers a demanding, carefully crafted, multi-layered treatment experience designed to challenge troubled teens and to help them make lasting behavioral changes and prepare f... Read More
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15 pages
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2010
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A Review of the Status of Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Efforts in Iowa and Virginia
By Orchowsky, Stan; Poulin, Mary E.; Iwama, Janice.
Justice Research and Statistics Association (Washington, DC).
Those individuals working to reduce the disproportionate minority contact of juvenile offenders in their agencies will find the experiences of the states of Iowa and Virginia helpful. Sections following an executive summary include: background; assessment of state activities—identification and monitoring, assessment, intervention, evaluation, and other observations; conclusions and recommendations; and an analysis of Linn County Court Liaison and Johnson County Diversion Programs.... Read More
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83 pages
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2010
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Addressing the Unmet Educational Needs of Children and Youth in the Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Systems
By Leone, Peter; Weinberg, Lois.
Georgetown University. Public Policy Institute. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (CJJR) (Washington, DC).
The need to deal with the “state of education services for two groups of vulnerable youth, some of whom begin contact in one social service system - child welfare - and come into contact with another youth agency – the juvenile justice system” is explained (p.7). Individuals involved with juveniles and youth need to be aware of this problem because it impacts many areas of programming and services these youth are offered. This report has seven sections: introduction; educational and other outcom... Read More
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74 pages
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2010
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Improving the Effectiveness of Juvenile Justice Programs: A New Perspective on Evidence-Based Practices
By Lipsey, Mark W.; Howell, James C.; Kelly, Marion R.; Chapman, Gabrielle; Carver, Darin.
Georgetown University. Public Policy Institute. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (Washington, DC).
“This paper introduces a framework for major juvenile justice system reform—the integration of a forward-looking administrative model with evidence-based programming” (p. 5). This document is divided into ten parts: introduction; the cyclic history of criminal justice treatment and punishment philosophies; prevention and intervention programs for juvenile delinquency; evidence-based practice—more than one approach; meta-analysis of research on the effects of incarceration programs for juvenile o... Read More
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68 pages
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2010
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Substance Use and Delinquent Behavior Among Serious Adolescent Offenders
By Mulvey, Edward P.; Schubert, Carol A.; Chassin, Laurie.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Key findings regarding the relationship between substance use and serious adolescent offending are presented. Sections of this bulletin include: highlights; introduction; what we know—substance use problems are linked to serious delinquency; evidence from the Pathways to Desistance study—levels of substance use and abuse are high in serious offenders, substance use and offending appear to have a consistent relationship, and offenders with identified substance use problems are receiving treatment... Read More
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16 pages
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2010
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Gender Responsiveness and Equity in California’s Juvenile Justice System
Berkeley Center for Criminal Justice (BCCJ) (Berkeley, CA).
“The purpose of this brief is to highlight how girls enter the [juvenile justice] system, describe some of the key differences between delinquent girls and delinquent boys, and offer recommendations for ways in which California’s juvenile justice system can better meet the needs of girls under its jurisdiction” (p. 1). Topics discussed in this report include: prostitution, felonies, misdemeanors, drug and liquor law violations, status offenses, trauma and family dysfunction, substance abuse, men... Read More
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13 pages
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2010
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A Road Map for Juvenile Justice Reform
Annie E. Casey Foundation (Baltimore, MD).
Individuals interested in or advocating for changes to the juvenile justice system need to read this publication. “There is now an increasingly clear route for moving juvenile justice away from counterproductive, dangerous, wasteful, but still commonplace, practices and toward a more effective, efficient, and just approach to addressing adolescent crime” (p. 3). Sections of this essay are: a noble idea, unrealized; a compelling critique; and a road map for reform—implement developmentally appro... Read More
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52 pages
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2010
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Report on Sexual Victimization in Juvenile Correctional Facilities
U.S. Dept of Justice. Review Panel on Prison Rape (Washington, DC).
This report, “the first of its kind that relied on data from juvenile offenders, surveyed the incidence of sexual victimization in the United States by facility” (p. iii). Sections following an executive summary include: background; National Prison Rape Reduction Commission and national standards; selection of juvenile justice facilities for the public hearing; institutions with the lowest prevalence of sexual victimization; institutions with the highest prevalence of sexual victimization; gener... Read More
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86 pages
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2010
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Juvenile Justice in California 2009
By Brown, Edmund G., Jr..
California Dept. of Justice. Criminal Justice Statistics Center (Sacramento, CA).
This document presents an annual picture of California’s juvenile justice process. Statistics are presented in four sections—arrests, referrals to probation departments, petitions files, and adult court dispositions.... Read More
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126 p.
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2010
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Youth's Characteristics and Backgrounds: Findings from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement
By Sedlak, Andrea J.; Bruce, Carol.
U.S. Dept of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
“This bulletin presents key findings from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement that describe the characteristics of youth in placement” (p.1). Results are organized according to demographic characteristics, current offenses, differences between male and female offenders, justice system involvement, adjudication and placement in programs, family background, childbearing, educational background, expectations about release, and youth expectations about future offending and sanctions.... Read More
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11 pages
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2010
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National Needs Assessment of Juvenile Justice Professionals: 2010
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
This assessment by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) “was designed to collect targeted information that identifies emerging issues and trends, challenges faced by professionals, and gaps in available training and technical assistance” (p. iii). Seven sections follow an executive summary: backgrounds of respondents; previous training and technical assistance experience; training and technical assistance needs; critical barriers/challenges; respondents’ use of OJJDP... Read More
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79 pages
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2010
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Reclaiming Futures
By Roman, John K.; Sundquist, Aaron; Butts, Jeffrey A.; Chalfin, Aaron.
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Princeton, NJ).
Portland State University. Reclaiming Futures National Program Office (Portland, OR); Urban Institute (Washington, DC).
Individuals interested in developing a comprehensive substance abuse program for juvenile offenders should take the time to look at this evaluation. Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; the Reclaiming Futures Initiative; costs; benefits; changes in offending; economic impact; and conclusion. “The preponderance of the evidence suggests that the Reclaiming Futures initiative was most likely cost-effective” (p.35).... Read More
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38 p.
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2010
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Youth’s Needs and Services: Findings from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement
By Sedlak, Andrea J.; McPherson, Karla S..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
This bulletin should be interesting reading for people concerned with the needs and related services of confined juveniles. Observations are organized according to mental health, mental health services, substance abuse, substance abuse counseling, health care, healthcare services, education, education services, and females in custody.... Read More
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12 p.
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2010
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Positive Youth Justice: Framing Justice Interventions Using the Concepts of Positive Youth Development
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Bazemore, Gordon; Meroe, Aundra Saa.
Coalition for Juvenile Justice (Washington, DC).
The use of positive youth development (PYD) to address anti-social behaviors of juveniles involved with the criminal justice system is explained. Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; what PYD is; theory into practice; theorizing a new practice paradigm; core assets and practice domains; and implementing positive youth justice. “The concepts and principles of positive youth development (PYD) offer valuable guidance for the design of interventions for youthful offenders” ... Read More
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39 p.
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2010
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Review of Effective Practice in Juvenile Justice
Noetic Solutions Pty Limited (Manuka, ACT).
Agencies in the process of developing new or reforming old juvenile justice systems should read this report. “This plan was developed through the identification of emerging trends, evaluating existing government legislation, policy and procedures, with the aim of reducing re-offending” (p.iii). Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; international juvenile justice systems; Australian juvenile justice systems; juvenile justice programs; indigenous issues; implementing effective... Read More
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80 p.
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2010
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A Multisite Description of Juvenile Drug Courts: Program Models and During-Program Outcomes
By Hiller, Matthew L.; Malluche, Daniel; Bryan, Valerie; DuPont, M. Louise; Martin, Barbara; Abensur, Rebecca; Leukefeld, Carl; Payne, Connie.
Individuals dealing with the development, implementation, and evaluation of juvenile drug courts (JDCs) will find this article interesting. This study is a synthesis of results culled from systematic process evaluations from three JDCs. Results are organized according to program design and structure, target population, therapeutic activities, available resources, initial and long-term goals, other program concerns, arrests, drug use, and retention. Each of the JDCs are “organized along a three-p... Read More
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24 p.
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2010
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Reforming the Juvenile Justice System to Improve Children’s Lives and Public Safety
U.S. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on Education and Labor (Washington, DC).
People with interests regarding the juvenile justice system in the U.S. should go to this hearing’s website. The hearing “explore[d] how reforming the juvenile justice system can help increase public safety and protect children’s well-being … [as it is related to] the reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA).” Access is provided to the archived webcast and transcripts of the opening statement and witness testimony.... Read More
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2 p.
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2010
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Juvenile Reentry in Concept and Practice
By Altschuler, David M.; Bilchik, Shay.
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
National Reentry Resource Center (New York, NY); Council of State Governments Justice Center (New York, NY).
"Continuity of care, overarching case management, appropriate staffing, and cognitive-behavioral intervention are increasingly being recognized as foundational, evidence-based building blocks in the design and operation of juvenile reentry. [This presentation] will address these key components of juvenile reentry and will include discussion of assessing and classifying reoffending risk, needs, and strengths; balancing social control and services; blending sanctions and incentives into a graduate... Read More
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32 p.
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2010
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Reforming Juvenile Justice Systems: Beyond Treatment
By Willison, Janeen Buck; Brooks, Lisa; Salas, Meghan; Dank, Meredith; Denver, Megan; Gitlow, Elissa; Roman, John K.; Butts, Jeffrey A..
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Princeton, NJ).
Portland State University. Reclaiming Futures National Program Office (Portland, OR); Urban Institute (Washington, DC).
This report is for those individuals responsible for developing strategies to improve the effectiveness of their juvenile justice systems. Sections include: introduction; adding to evidence-based approaches—youth development (i.e., pro-social opportunities, Youth Advisory Committees, community involvement, family involvement, and mentors/”natural helpers”), and cultural competence—recognizing the need for cultural competence, addressing and increasing cultural competence, and crafting a cultural... Read More
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34 p.
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2010
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Conditions of Confinement: Findings from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement
By Sedlak, Andrea J.; McPherson, Karla S..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Individuals needing a snapshot of or who are concerned with the current state of youth in residential placement will find this bulletin essential reading. Results of the survey are grouped in the following areas: facility and program characteristics—security and types of offenders in different programs; youth placement with other youth—age, sex, race/ethnic group, placement with other victims, co-placement of offender types, and placement with non-offenders; physical and program environment—slee... Read More
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16 p.
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2010
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Sexual Victimization in Juvenile Facilities Report by Youth, 2008-09
By Beck, Allen J.; Harrison, Paige M.; Guerino, Paul.
U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (Washington, DC).
“The report provides national-level and facility-level estimates of sexual victimization by type of activity, including youth-on-youth sexual contact, staff sexual misconduct, and level of coercion. It also includes an analysis of the experience of sexual victimization, characteristics of youth most at risk to victimization, where the incidents occur, time of day, characteristics of perpetrators, and nature of the injuries.” Of the survey respondents (91% male and 9% female), 10.3% had an incide... Read More
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49 p.
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2010
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Are Teenage Criminals Getting Younger and Younger? Exposing another Urban Legend
By Males, Mike; Macallair, Daniel.
van Loben Sels/RembeRock Foundation (San Francisco, CA); Haigh Scatena Foundation (Davis, CA); Drug Policy Alliance (New York, NY).
Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice (San Francisco, CA).
This research brief shows that “for most major offenses, youth arrest rates nationally stand at their lowest level today than at any time in at least four decades, and perhaps ever” (p.1). The fact is that youth are not committing more violent crimes than in the past.... Read More
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10 p.
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2010
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Suitability of Assessment Instruments for Delinquent Girls
By Brumbaugh, Susan; Walters, Jennifer L. Hardison; Winterfield, Laura A..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Individuals tasked with (or others just interested in) implementing an effective screening process for juvenile females need to read this bulletin. “The purpose of this report is to determine the extent to which assessment instruments used with at-risk and justice-involved youth are equally appropriate and effective in assessing girls and boys” (p. 2). This report is comprised of sections about: background and methods; examining two categories of instruments—risk assessment and treatment-focused... Read More
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12 p.
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2010
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Juvenile Justice
The Sentencing Project (Washington, DC).
Information about issues related to juvenile justice can be found at this website. Points of access include: advocacy; featured stories; publications; and news.... Read More
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2 p.
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2010
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Locked Up & Out: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Youth in Louisiana’s Juvenile Justice System
By Ware, Wesley.
Juvenile Justice Project of Louisiana (JJPL) (New Orleans, LA).
The strategies offered for addressing the challenges LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) youth must deal with in correctional facilities will provide guidance for other correctional agencies facing similar problems. Sections of this report include: introduction; LGBT 101; juvenile justice in Louisiana; demographic profiles of Louisiana secure youth population; incarcerated youth in Louisiana; risk factors for LGBT youth in Louisiana; LGBT youth inside Louisiana’s secure care facilitie... Read More
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38 p.
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2010
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The California Miracle: Drastically Reduced Youth Incarceration, Drastically Reduced Youth Crime
By Males, Mike; Macallair, Daniel.
Fund for Nonviolence and Drug Policy Alliance (Santa Cruz, CA).
Center for Juvenile and Criminal Justice (San Francisco, CA).
Individuals interested in the relationship between reduced youth crime and reduced incarceration of youth should read this article. Its authors investigated juvenile incarceration and crime trends over the past five decades. These results show that serious problems exist with juvenile incapacitation. Sections of this report are: summary of findings; introductions; incapacitation theory and practice in California; statewide juvenile crime trends; statewide DJF (Division of Juvenile Facilities) co... Read More
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15 p.
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2010
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The Real Costs and Benefits of Change: Finding Opportunities for Reform During Difficult Fiscal Times
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Juvenile Justice Network (Washington, DC).
Individuals advocating for cost-effective juvenile justice reform need to turn to this guide “to help reinforce the value, both in terms of dollars and substance, of progressive programming for juveniles that leads to positive youth outcomes and healthy communities” (p.1). This document is divided into four parts: the problem, moving toward reform in a time of fiscal crisis; substantive and tactical strategies to realign and reduce spending while maintaining progressive programming; using the fi... Read More
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19 p.
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2010
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Healing Invisible Wounds: Why Investing in Trauma-Informed Care for Children Makes Sense
By Adams, Erica J..
Justice Policy Institute (Washington, DC).
The need to fund services for juveniles affected by traumatic events is explained. Topics discussed include traumatic experiences affect on brain development in children; traumatic brain injury and juvenile justice; children are rarely screened for trauma, especially in the juvenile justice system; children who experience trauma have disproportionate contact with the justice system; the current juvenile justice system does not meet the needs of youth who have experienced trauma; incarceration it... Read More
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15 p.
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2010
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Delinquency Cases in Juvenile Court, 2007
By Knoll, Crystal; Sickmund, Melissa.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Statistics regarding juvenile court cases are organized according to counts and trends, gender, race, age, detention, intake decision, waiver to criminal court, and adjudication and disposition.... Read More
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4 p.
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2010
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Policies and Procedures of the Illinois Juvenile Justice System
By Bostwick, Lindsay.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL); Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission (Springfield, IL).
This report provides an overview of the Illinois juvenile justice system including the processes related to an incident, police custody and arrest, pre-trial, trial or plea, sentencing hearing, discharge, and expungement. Several items are provided in the appendixes: map of Illinois judicial circuits; Juvenile Arrest Card; Detention Screening Instrument; map of Illinois juvenile justice facilities, county detention centers, and the like; flowchart of process after youth is found unfit to stand t... Read More
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35 p.
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2010
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Juvenile Delinquency Probation Caseload, 2007
By Livsey, Sarah.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Those people involved with juveniles under probation will find this fact sheet interesting. Observations made include: one-third of all delinquency cases disposed in 2007 received probation as the most serious disposition; probation can be court ordered or voluntary; most cases placed on probation involved white youth and males; and property offense cases made up the greatest proportion of the population caseload.... Read More
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2 p.
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2010
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Curriculum: Addressing Sexual Abuse of Youth in Custody
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
NIC/WCL Project Addressing Prison Rape (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); American University. Washington College of Law (Washington, DC).
“Addressing Sexual Abuse of Youth in Custody is a 36 hour educational program that focuses on the complex issues of sexual abuse of youth in custody—both staff abuse of youth and youth abuse of other youth.” Participants will be able to: understand the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) and identify its relevance to juvenile justice; identify components of adolescent development, sexuality and facility culture and understand their impact on sexual abuse of youth in custody; understand a ... Read More
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2010
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Less Capable Brain, Less Culpable Teen?
By Burillo, Kristen.
Mercyhurst College. Civic Institute (Erie, PA).
This report should be required reading for anyone working with juvenile or young adult offenders. It describes adolescent brain development and why juveniles and teenagers participate in reckless and antisocial behavior. “The brain regions and systems that play a large role in regulating emotion and behavior, as well as those that are involved in evaluating risks and rewards, are the ones most impacted during adolescence” (p. 1). This fact leads to questions regarding the motivation behind the c... Read More
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8 pages
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2010
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Washington State Juvenile Court Funding: Applying Research in a Public Policy Setting
Washington State Institute for Public Policy (Olympia, WA).
Local juvenile courts are funded by block grants—monies given to the courts with general requirements resulting in flexible spending at the local level. This report examines the “administration of the block grant including (1) criteria used to allocate funding, and (2) report on participants in programs subject to the block grant” (p. 1). Other jurisdictions using block grants will find the use of evidence-based practice to be very interesting. Sections of this report include: Washington’s juven... Read More
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12 pages
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2010
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“We’ve Had Three of Them”: Addressing the Invisibility of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Gender Non-Conforming Youths in the Juvenile Justice System
By Irvine, Angela.
“[M]yths around the nonexistence of LGB and gender non-conforming [LGBT] youths in the juvenile justice system persist, presenting numerous challenges to the equitable treatment of such youths. Juvenile justice professionals need to know that [LGBT] youth exist within the system, and that [LGBT] youth often enter the juvenile justice system for different reasons than straight youth … Juvenile justice professional need to know the underlying reasons for [LGBT youths’] failure to remain at home, i... Read More
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27 pages
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2010
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Positive Youth Justice: Framing Justice Interventions Using the Concepts of Positive Youth Development
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Bazemore, Gordon; Meroe, Aundra Saa.
Community Foundation for the National Capital Region (Washington, DC).
Coalition for Juvenile Justice (CJJ) (Washington, DC).
“[The author's] suggest that PYD [positive youth development] could be an effective framework for designing general interventions for young offenders. A positive youth development framework would encourage youth justice systems to focus on protective factors as well as risk factors, strengths as well as problems, and broader efforts to facilitate successful transitions to adulthood for justice-involved youth. In this report, we propose such a framework for youth justice interventions. That fram... Read More
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40 pages
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2010
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A Whirlwind of Activity at the Scioto Juvenile Correctional Facility Library
By Steinbower, Chuck.
American Library Association. Association of Specialized Cooperative Library Association (Chicago, IL).
A year in the life of a juvenile correctional facility library is recounted. Some of the highlights include visits or conference calls for young adult writers and performers such as Angela Johnson, Chris Crutcher, Patrick Jones, Nicole Bromley, Jaime Adoff, Erin Lynn, Annette Jefferson, and Anthony Gibbs.... Read More
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4 p.
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2010
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History of Juvenile Arrests and Vocational Career Outcomes for At-Risk Young Men
By Wiesner, Margit; Kim, Hyoun K.; Capaldi, Deborah M..
An examination of “the prospective effects of involvement with the criminal justice system (as indexed by official arrests) on the early adult work career outcomes of being unemployed and fired from work” is provided. Sections following an abstract are; theoretical perspectives and empirical findings; population profile; predicting the number of months unemployed; predicting the number of times being fired from a job; discussion. There is a direct relationship between juveniles being involved wi... Read More
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27 p.
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2010
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Hearing on: Keeping Youth Safe While in Custody—Sexual Assault in Adult and Juvenile Facilities
U.S. Congress. House of Representatives. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security (Washington, DC).
This website provides access to the video webcast and witness testimonies for the hearing “Keeping Youth Safe While in Custody.”... Read More
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1 p.
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2010
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Juveniles in Residential Placement, 1997-2008
By Sickmund, Melissa.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
People who work with juvenile offenders will find this document of interest, especially those individuals involved in residential placement. This overview presents results from the National Juvenile Justice Data Collection Program. During 2008 there were 263 juvenile offenders in residential placement per 100,000 juveniles incarcerated in the general population. California had 14,034 juveniles in placement—the most of any state.... Read More
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2 p.
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2010
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Girls' Delinquency
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Those people working with girls involved in the juvenile justice system need to be aware of the resources offered by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). This agency has taken great strides in addressing the increasing delinquency of girls. OJJDP conducts research and provides programming, publications, training and technical assistance, and online resources.... Read More
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4 p.
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2010
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Juvenile Justice System: Get the Facts: Pre-Trial
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL).
An overview of the pre-trial process for juveniles is provided. This brochure covers: what can happen to a juvenile awaiting trial; what diversion opportunities are available; what juvenile intake screening is; some detention alternatives; how pre-trial detention decisions are made; transferring a juvenile to an adult criminal court; what a presumptive transfer is; and what a discretionary transfer is.... Read More
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2 p.
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2010
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Mental Health Screening and Assessment in the Illinois Juvenile Justice System
By Bostwick, Lindsay.
Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission (Chicago, IL).
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL).
If you are involved with screening juvenile offenders, you want to read this report. It discusses the differences in assessment instruments, their use, and concerns regarding such. Sections cover: introduction; mental health screening and assessment practices in the Illinois juvenile justice system; mental health screening and assessment tools—psychometric properties, mental health screening instruments, mental health assessment instruments, and other screening and assessment tools; conclusion; ... Read More
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71 p.
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2010
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Burns Institute State Map: Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) in the Juvenile Justice System
ammap.com (Vilnius, Lithuania); H. Haywood Burn Institute (San Francisco, CA).
Analysis of one state or comparisons of other states’ responses to disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in their juvenile justice systems is made available at this website.... Read More
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1 p.
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2009
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Predicting Juvenile Recidivism Using the San Diego Regional Resiliency Check-Up
By Pearl, Natalie; Ashcraft, Rindee G.P.; Geis, Kari A..
This article is for those people who are looking for an instrument that can predict juvenile recidivism or who are interested in juvenile assessment. Results from an evaluation of SDRRC (created by Brad Bogue and his team) shows that it is “a validated risk/need assessment tool grounded in empirical research” (p.48).... Read More
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4 p.
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2009
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Peer Justice and Youth Empowerment: An Implementation Guide for Teen Court Programs
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
This guide is necessary “to equip juvenile justice agencies with baseline information that will aid them in developing, implementing, and enhancing teen court programs as a viable alternative for juvenile offenders in their communities” (p.x). Ten chapters comprise this publication: an overview of the teen court concept; organizing the community; legal issues for teen courts; developing a program purpose, goals, and objectives; determining a target population and designing a referral process; de... Read More
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1 p.
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2009
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The Keeper and the Kept: Reflections on Local Obstacles to Disparities Reduction in Juvenile Justice Systems and a Path to Change
By Bell, James; Ridolfi, Laura John; Lacey, Clinton; Finley, Michael.
W. Haywood Burns Institute (BI) (San Francisco, CA).
Problems with reducing disproportionate minority confinement (DMC) in local juvenile justice systems are described along with strategies for addressing minority and ethnic disparities. Topics discussed include: piercing the facade of intractability—a systemic lack of accountability; the long journey to equity—negotiating race and ethnicity and the myth of detention as “service”; and an intentional approach of 13 key elements for reducing disparities.... Read More
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29 p.
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2009
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Second Chance Act of 2007
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Justice Programs (Washington, DC).
Information regarding this Act and grants associated with it is provided at this website. "There are currently more than 2 million people serving sentences in federal and state prisons, and 10-12 million people cycling through local jails every year. Ninety-five percent of all prisoners incarcerated today will eventually be released into our communities, and it is important that we provide them with the resources necessary to not be one of the 66 percent of people whom are rearrested within thre... Read More
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3 p.
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2009
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Juvenile Arrests 2008
U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (Washington, DC).
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2009
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Advances and Innovations Emerging from the Mental Health/Juvenile Justice Action Network: 2009 Update
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (Delmar, NJ).
Key achievements of the National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice’s Mental Health/Juvenile Justice (MH/JJ) Action Network are highlighted. Sections of this publication are: introduction; the Strategic Innovation Groups (SIGs); law enforcement diversion—crisis intervention teams for youth (CIT-Y); probation-based diversion—the front-end diversion initiative (FEDI); school-based diversion; workforce development—the Mental Health Training Curriculum for Juvenile Justice (MHTC-JJ); Fami... Read More
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11 p.
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2009
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Evidence-Based Practice Recommendations for Juvenile Drug Courts
By Hills, Holly; Shufelt, Jennie L.; Cocozza, Joseph J..
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (Delmar, NJ).
Guidance for the implementation of evidence-based practices in juvenile drug courts is provided. Recommendations are given for screening and assessment, treatment, and outcome monitoring.... Read More
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40 p.
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2009
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Supporting Youth in Transition to Adulthood: Lessons Learned from Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice
By Altschuler, David; Stangler, Gary; Berkley, Kent; Burton, Leonard; Pinheiro, Erika.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Georgetown University. Public Policy Institute. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (CJJR) (Washington, DC); Jim Casey Youth Opportunities Initiative (St. Louis, MO).
“This paper discusses the successes and challenges that juvenile justice and child welfare agencies face in preparing the youth they serve for a successful adulthood” (p.5). Sections of this publication include: introduction; the desired result—successful transition to adulthood by age 25; history of child welfare and juvenile justice systems; systems reform; agency culture and collaboration; managing multiple systems involvement; fundamentals of policy and practice; and conclusions and recommen... Read More
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58 p.
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2009
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The Specific Deterrent Effect of Custodial Penalties on Juvenile Reoffending
By Weatherburn, Don; Vignaendra, Sumitra; McGrath, Andrew.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT); Criminal Research Council (.
The impact of custodial sentences on juvenile reconviction rates is examined. Sections of this report include: executive summary; introduction; deterrence theory; the evidence on special deterrence; the present study; survey procedure; response rate and subject attrition; variables; analysis; results; and conclusion.”The results of this study suggest that, other things being equal, juvenile given custodial orders are no less likely to reoffend than juveniles given-non-custodial orders.
... Read More
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14 p.
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2009
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Strengthening Indian Country Through Tribal Youth Programs
By Pearson, Sarah S..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
American Youth Policy Forum (AYPF) (Washington, DC).
The success of five tribal community TYPs (Tribal Youth Programs) with “improving the lives of at-risk youth and strengthening families in tribal communities” is examined (p. 2). Sections of this report include: introduction; case studies; youth views regarding TYPs; themes of success—building capacity, expanding services, and coordinating resources through partnerships, funding and sustainability, and restoring Native identity by honoring culture and traditions; recommendations; and conclusion.... Read More
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21 p.
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2009
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Intrafamilial Adolescent Sex Offenders: Psychological Profile and Treatment
By Grant, J; Indermaur, D; Thornton, J; Stevens, G; Chamarette, C; Halse, A.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
“The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of what is known about intrafamilial adolescent sex offenders (IASOs),” such as 40-90% of sexual abuse against children is caused by other children (p. 1). Sections of this document cover: a profile of intrafamilial adolescent sex offenders; the different groups (typologies) of IASOs; treatment of adolescent sex offenders; and conclusions and policy issues.... Read More
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5 p.
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2009
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Delays in Youth Justice: Research Report Submitted to the National Institute of Justice
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Cusick, Gretchen Ruth; Adams, Benjamin.
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
“This report summarizes the findings of a large-scale research project on processing delays in youth justice systems across the United States” (p. ii). Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; history of court delay; causes and effects of delayed justice; controlling court delay; controlling juvenile court delay; recent trends in delinquency case processing time; delay reduction efforts in three juvenile courts; and conclusion.... Read More
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87 p.
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2009
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Children's Exposure to Violence: A Comprehensive National Survey
By Finkelhor, David; Turner, Heather; Ormrod, Richard; Hamby, Sherry; Kracke, Kristen.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
The exposure of children ages 17 and younger to violence is examined. This bulletin contains the following sections: introduction; OJJDP message; background—the problem of violence against children and prior attempts at comprehensive measurements; history of the current study; highlights of survey results—physical assault, bullying, sexual victimization, child maltreatment, witnessing and indirect exposure to violence, and multiple and cumulative victimization; developmental patterns in exposure... Read More
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12 p.
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2009
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The Effect of Criminal Justice Involvement in the Transition to Adulthood
By Apel, Robert; Sweeten, Gary.
National Instate of Justice (Washington, DC).
This paper looks at “whether the relationship between criminal justice involvement and low status attainment signifies a causal effect or a selective artifact” with a young person reaching adulthood (p. vii). Chapters following and executive summary include: introduction; data and methodology; impact of first-time incarceration on status attainment; impact of first-time conviction on status attainment; and conclusion and recommendations. Tables are also providing statistics regarding impact of f... Read More
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129 p.
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2009
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Delays in Youth Justice
By Butts, Jeffrey A.; Cusick, Gretchen Ruth; Adams, Benjamin.
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
“This report summarizes the findings of a large-scale research project on processing delays in youth justice systems across the United States” (p. ii). Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; the history of court delay; the causes and effects of delayed justice; controlling court delay—legal, professional, and managerial efforts; controlling juvenile court delay—constitutional provisions, limiting due process for juveniles, and legislation and rules in the juvenile court; ... Read More
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87 p.
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2009
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Hidden Injustice: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Youth in Juvenile Courts
By Majd, Katayoon; Marksamer, Jody; Reyes, Carolyn.
Legal Services for Children (LSC) (San Francisco, CA); National Juvenile Defender Center (NJDC) (Washington, DC); National Center for Lesbian Rights (NCLR) (San Francisco, CA).
This document “represents the first effort to examine the experiences of LGBT [Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender ] youth in juvenile courts across the country” (p. 1). Ten chapters follow and executive summary: barriers to fair and effective juvenile justice systems; professionals’ responsibility to treat youth in juvenile courts fairly; common misconceptions and biases about LGBT youth in the juvenile justice system; attempts to change, control, or punish LGBT adolescent sexual orientatio... Read More
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165 p.
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2009
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NJCSA Certification
National Juvenile Court Services Association (NJCSA) (N.P.).
Information is provided at this website about the National Juvenile Court Services Association (NJCSA) and its services. Points of entry include: open Professional Juvenile Justice Administrator (PJJA) and Professional Juvenile Justice Manager (PJJM) courses; past PJJA courses; instructor support area; PJJA frequently asked questions (FAQs); and additional information about NJCSA.... Read More
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3 p.
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2009
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Juveniles Who Commit Sex Offenses Against Minors
By Finkelhor, David; Ormrod, Richard; Chaffin, Mark.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Characteristics of juveniles that are responsible for sex offenses perpetrated against other minors are reported. Sections of this bulletin are: background; the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS); juvenile and adult sex offenders known to police; using NIBRS data to investigate juvenile sex offenders; younger juvenile sex offenders; female juvenile sex offenders; reporting juvenile sex offenses; and implications. Over one-third (35.6%) of known sex offenders are juveniles who tend ... Read More
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11 p.
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2009
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National Partnership for Juvenile Services
National Partnership for Juvenile Services (NPJS) (Lexington, KY).
Information provided by the National Partnership for Juvenile Services (NPJS) can be found at this website. “NPJS, founded in 2004, is a union of five organizations, each serving different disciplines of the juvenile justice continuum. The goal of the partnership is to allow the organizations to focus on their respective missions and disciplines while minimizing duplication, maximizing limited resources, and ensuring sustainability.”
This website also hosts the websites of the partnering orga... Read More
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3 p.
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2009
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Poly-Victimization Among Girls in the Juvenile Justice System: Manifestations & Associations to Delinquency
By DeHart, Dana D..
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
University of South Carolina. Center for Child and Family Studies (Columbia, SC).
The poli-victimization, the simultaneous experience of several different types of victimization in separate incidents, of juvenile girls is examined. Results are presented for: participants; girls’ experiences of victimization and adversity; girls’ crime and delinquency; and association of victimization and adversity to crime and delinquency. “Of the five major categories of victimization [caregiver, gang, dating, sexual, and witnessing], witnessing violence demonstrated the most consistent asso... Read More
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52 p.
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2009
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A Need for Correction: Reforming New York's Juvenile Justice System
By White, Andrew, ed.; Hemphill, Clara, ed.; Hurley, Kendra, ed..
Center for New York City Affairs (New York, NY); Center for an Urban Future (New York, NY).
This publication provides some insight into the need for reform in New York’s juvenile justice system. Contents include: Recommendations and Solutions; Where the Sick Get Sicker; Private Institutions, Public Costs; Admissions of Juvenile Delinquents and Juvenile Offenders to Institutions, 1998-2009; How New York’s Juvenile Justice System Works; Homes for Teens, Not Lock-Ups; Keeping It in the Family; On the Same Page—A Family Focused Approach; What the Alternatives Are; Snapshot of Juvenile Just... Read More
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24 p.
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2009
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Charting a New Course: A Blueprint for Transforming Juvenile Justice in New York State
New York. Governor's Task Force on Transforming Juvenile Justice (Albany, NY); Vera Institute of Justice (New York, NY).
Strategies are explained that will change the juvenile justice system of New York from a “punitive approach toward a rehabilitative, treatment-focused model of care that promotes public safety, holds youth accountable for their actions, and produces positive outcomes for young people and their families.” Chapters following an executive summary are: the fundamentals of reform; keeping more kids at home—a shift to community-based services; rethinking institutional placement; ensuring successful re... Read More
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104 p.
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2009
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Evaluation of the Individual Process Ward for Juvenile Offenders Who Are Not Suitable for Group Treatment: Summary
By Veldt, M.C.A.E. van der; Campbell, E.E..
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum (WODC) (The Hague, Netherlands); PI Research (Amsterdam, Netherlands).
“The aim of the investigation is to acquire knowledge of the possible effects of the ITA [Individuele Trajectafdelinfg or Individual Process Ward] for juveniles in respect of whom a group approach within regular treatment wards has proved unsuitable” (p.1). Sections of this summary are: background of the investigation; aim of the investigation and formulation of the issues involved; structure of the investigation and working method; findings according to the ITA in theory (i.e., intended approac... Read More
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8 p.
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2009
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Juvenile Justice: DOJ Is Enhancing Information on Effective Programs, but Could Better Assess the Utility of This Information
U.S. Government Accountability Offfice (Washington, DC).
The effectiveness of juvenile reentry and substance abuse programs funded by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) and the agency’s ability to provide information about said programs is evaluated. Contents of this report include: scope and methodology; background; experts cite evidence from available research indicating that cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy programs are effective and cost beneficial when addressing reentry and substance abuse issues; OJ... Read More
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66 p.
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2009
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Back on Track: Supporting Youth Reentry from Out-of-Home Placement to the Community
By Nellis, Ashley; Wayman, Richard Hooks; Schirmer, Sarah.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Youth Reentry Task Force (Washington, DC); National Alliance to End Homelessness (Washington, DC); The Sentencing Project (Washington, DC).
“Public safety is compromised when youth leaving out-of-home placements are not afforded necessary supportive services upon reentering their communities and are therefore at great risk to recidivate into criminal behavior” (p.5). This report provides guidance and recommendations for achieving successful reentry services and programs. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; characteristics of reentry youth; collateral consequences associated with out-of-home placement; essentia... Read More
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48 p.
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2009
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Final Report: Long-Term Consequences of Delinquency: Child Maltreatment and Crime in Early Adulthood
By Colman, Rebecca A.; Kim, Do Han; Mitchell-Herzfeld, Susan; Shady, Therese A..
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
New York State Office of Children and Family Services (Albany, NY).
The impact of delinquency on a youth's future commission of crime or child abuse is examined. This report includes these sections: executive summary; introduction; literature review; methods; analyses plan; key research findings for adult crime, adult arrest trajectories, adult perpetration of child maltreatment, adult perpetration trajectories, and early predictors; study limitations; practice recommendations; and recommendations for future research. "Race, offense history, childhood mistreatm... Read More
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128 p.
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2009
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Minority Youth in the Juvenile Justice System: Disproportionate Minority Contact
By Armour, Jeff; Hammond, Sarah.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL); National Conference of State Legislatures (Denver, CO).
National Conference of State Legislatures. Criminal Justice Program (Denver, CO).
Issues related to the disproportionate representation of minorities in juvenile justice systems are addressed. This brief contains the following sections: introduction; explanations for disproportionate minority contact -- jurisdiction, law enforcement, punitive juvenile laws, and racial bias; issues and approaches for the federal level, Models for Change, Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI), Burns Institute, and recent activity; strategies to reduce disproportionate minority cont... Read More
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11 p.
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2009
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Now That You Are a Juvenile Probation or Detention Officer: Disciplinary Processes for Certified Officers
Texas Juvenile Probation Commission (Austin, TX).
The disciplinary hearing process for certified officers of the Texas Juvenile Probation Commission is explained. Topics discussed include: what the process entails; how the disciplinary process can affect a certified officer; both the Commission and the Juvenile Probation Department can both discipline a certified officer; the Commission can still pursue disciplinary action against a certified officer that resigns or is terminated; how disciplinary cases are processed; when one can expect to rec... Read More
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2 p.
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2009
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The Costs of Confinement: Why Good Juvenile Justice Policies Make Good Fiscal Sense
By Petteruti, Amanda; Walsh, Nastassia; Velazquez, Tracy.
Public Welfare Foundation (Washington, DC); Open Society Institute-New York (New York, NY).
Justice Policy Institute (Washington, DC).
“This policy brief details how states can see a net reduction in costs by moving expenditures away from large, congruent care facilities (often called “training schools”) for youth and investing in community-based alternatives” (p.1). Sections of this document include: introduction; juvenile justice definitions; current trend -- more youth are being caught up in the juvenile justice system; locking up youth can be costly for states; shifting the fiscal architecture of state juvenile justice syst... Read More
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24 p.
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2009
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Hearing on: H.R. 2289, the "Juvenile Justice Accountability and Improvement Act of 2009"
U.S. Congress. House of Representatives. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security (Washington, DC).
Access to information regarding the sentencing of juveniles to life without parole is available at this website. Hearing documentation, the video podcast, related news, and written testimony submitted to the the House Subcommittee are included.... Read More
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1 p.
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2009
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Examining At-Risk and Delinquent Girls in Illinois
By Bostwick, Lindsay; Ashley, Jessica.
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC); Illinois Juvenile Justice Commission (Springfield, IL).
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL).
An "overview on data available on individual, family, and school risk factors for girls in Illinois" is provided (p. i). Topics discussed following an executive summary include: girls at risk for delinquency; girls in the Illinois juvenile justice system; and gender-specific programming.... Read More
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87 p.
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2009
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Fifty State Survey of Vulnerable Persons Statutes
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
NIC/WUL Project on Addressing Prison Rape (Washington, DC); American University. Washington College of Law (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
This document provides information regarding enacting state, statute number, statute title, coverage, definitions and notes, penalties, and applicability to youth for criminal laws prohibiting the abuse of individuals by their caregivers.... Read More
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160 p.
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2009
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Juvenile Justice at a Crossroads: The Future of Senate Bill 81 in California
By Dawood, Noor.
Prison Law Office (San Quentin, CA).
Results from a preliminary review of the implementation of "juvenile justice realignment" legislation, SB 81, are presented. Sections following executive summary include: the legislation; implementing SB 81; and recommendations. "Highlighted throughout this research [study] was the pressing need for improved statewide oversight for alignment" (p. ii).... Read More
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46 p.
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2009
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Collecting and Analyzing Data on Racial and Ethnic Disparities: The Peoria Pilot Project
By Bell, James; Ridolfi, Laura John; Brown, Lori.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
W. Haywood Burns Institute. Models for Change (San Francisco, CA).
The ability of the Peoria County Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Project to utilize a "data template that enables local jurisdictions to strategically gather data to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in their juvenile justice systems" is examined (p. 3). This report is divided into five parts: overview; background of the pilot site; data collection and analysis capacity; data collection and analysis of template elements -- annual trend data for total court-age population and quarterl... Read More
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17 p.
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2009
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From Time Out to Hard Time: Young Children in the Adult Criminal Justice System
By Deitch, Michele; Barstow, Amanda; Lukens, Leslie; Reyna, Ryan.
University of Texas at Austin. Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs (Austin, TX).
“This report provides the first-ever comprehensive look at how the nation treats young children who commit serious crimes, analyzes the available data with regard to the transfer of young children to adult criminal court, documents the extremely harsh and tragic consequences that follow when young children go into the adult criminal justice system, examines international practices, and offers policy recommendations to address this situation” (p. xiii). Chapters in addition to an executive summar... Read More
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116 p.
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2009
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Juvenile Justice: Technical Assistance and Better Defined Evaluation Plans Will Help to Improve Girls' Delinquency Programs
By Larence, Eileen Regen.
U.S. Government Accountability Office (Washington, DC).
The efforts of the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) to determine the effectiveness of girls’ delinquency programs are evaluated. Topics discussed include: results in brief; background; OJJDP established the Girls Study Group to assess the effectiveness of girls’ delinquency programs; OJJDP efforts to assess program effectiveness were consistent with social science practices and standards, and OJJDP has taken action to enhance its communication about Study Group ... Read More
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27 p.
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2009
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Mental Health Symptoms of Incarcerated Juvenile Offenders: Change and Continuity During the First Three Months in a Secure Facility
By Shulman, Elizabeth; Goldweber, Asha; Cauffman, Elizabeth.
University of California, Irvine. Center for Evidence-Based Corrections (Irvine, CA).
The changes in juvenile offenders' mental health symptoms over the first 11 weeks of their incarceration and the relationship of these adjustments to violent behavior are examined. Sections of this Bulletin include: highlights; introduction; methodology using MAYSI-2 (Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument, Version 2); mental health at baseline; mental health symptoms over time -- alcohol/drug use, angry-irritable, depressed-anxious, somatic complaints, suicide ideation, and mental health sym... Read More
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10 p.
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2009
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Evaluation of the YouthBuild Youth Offender Grants
By Abrazaldo, Wally; Adefuin, Jo-Ann; Henderson-Frakes, Jennifer; Lea, Charles; Leufgen, Jill; Lewis-Charp, Heather; Soukamneuth, Sukey; Wiegand, Andrew.
U.S. Dept. of Labor. Employment and Training Administration. Office of Policy Development and Research (Washington, DC).
Social Policy Research Associates (Oakland, CA).
"This report summarizes findings from an implementation and outcomes evaluation of the YouthBuild Youth Offender grants" (p. ES-1). Twelve sections follow an executive summary: introduction; overview of YouthBuild grantees; recruitment, assessment, and enrollment; educational services; vocational training services; case management, retention, and follow-up services; youth leadership and community service; characteristics of and external factors affecting case study youth; case study outcomes --... Read More
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252 p.
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2009
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Children Exposed to Violence
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (San Francisco, CA).
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2009
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Smart Responses in Tough Times: Achieving Better Outcomes for People with Mental Illnesses Involved in the Criminal Justice System: BJA National Technical Assistance and Training Event, July 15-17, 2009
Council of State Governments. Justice Center (New York, NY).
This event focused on strategies for improving the way state and local agencies and community-based organizations deliver their services to mentally ill adults and juveniles involved with the criminal justice system. Access to various materials (i.e., videos, slide presentations, annotated agendas, photos, and handouts) from this meeting is available at this website.... Read More
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1 p.
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2009
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Views of Young People in Detention Centres, Queensland, 2009
Commission for Children and Young People and Child Guardian (CCYPCG) (Brisbane, Queensland).
Results are presented from a survey capturing "the views and experiences of young people in Queensland's youth detention centres, providing a critical perspective on the effectiveness of the state's youth justice system and youth detention facilities" (p. viii). This report includes these sections: messages from the findings; introduction; background; research design; findings according to respondents' characteristics, intervention for young people at risk of detention, diverting young people f... Read More
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52 p.
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2009
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Incarcerated Youth at Extreme Risk of Sexual Abuse
Just Detention International (JDI) (San Francisco, CA).
The extreme risk incarcerated juveniles are exposed to is explained.... Read More
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2 p.
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2009
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Incident Report Form [and] Facility/Department Internal Investigation of Abuse/Neglect/Exploitation Allegation
Texas Juvenile Probation Commission (Austin, TX).
Forms for documenting an injury from an attack are provided. The incident report compiles information regarding: responding law enforcement agency; abuse, neglect, exploitation, or death; serious incidents (to be reported within 24 hours); location of incident; and alleged victim/juvenile information. The internal investigation form records: alleged victim(s); alleged perpetrator(s); person reported to; date of allegation reporting; date of internal investigation initiation and completion; inc... Read More
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2 p.
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2009
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Iatrogenic Effect of Juvenile Justice
By Gatti, Uberto; Tremblay, Richard E.; Vitaro, Frank.
The risk of being involved in a juvenile court intervention and the long-term effect of that intervention are examined. "The results show that youths who are poor, impulsive, poorly supervised by their parents, and exposed to deviant friends are more likely . . . to undergo intervention by the Juvenile Court, and that this intervention greatly increases the likelihood of involvement with the penal system in adulthood" (p. 991).... Read More
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8 p.
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2009
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Educational Aftercare & Reintegration Toolkit for Juvenile Justice Professionals: A Toolkit for Juvenile Justice Professionals in Pennsylvania
By Lowman, Jennifer; Mamas, Shari A..
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change. Education Law Center - PA (Philadelphia, PA).
This toolkit is designed to “serve as a roadmap for identifying issues related to the education of delinquent youth during placement and when they are released and reintegrated into their communities” (p. 7). Nine sections are contained in this toolkit: introduction; pre-placement dispositional hearing; educational services in placement; release and reintegration into the community; enrollment, attendance, and truancy; special education and other in-school services; school discipline; where to g... Read More
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190 p.
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2009
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Adult Time for Adult Crimes: Life Without Parole for Juvenile Killers and Violent Teens
By Stimson, Charles D.; Grossman, Andrew M..
Heritage Foundation. Center for Legal and Judicial Studies (Washington, DC).
While "[l]ife without parole for the very worst juvenile offenders is reasonable, constitutional, and (appropriately) rare . . . its continued viability is at risk from misleading lobbying efforts in many states and court cases that seek to substitute international law for legislative judgments and constitutional text" (p. 4). This report explains how this is supposedly happening. Sections comprising this publication are: sentencing under siege; manufacturing statistics -- 19-year-old "juvenile... Read More
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90 p.
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2009
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Two Decades of JDAI: A Progress Report: From Demonstration Project to National Standards
By Mendel, Richard A..
Annie E. Casey Foundation (Baltimore, MD).
“This report documents JDAI’s [Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative’s] recent progress both in reforming juvenile detention practices nationwide and also in contributing to the larger movement for more comprehensive reforms in juvenile justice” (p.2). Sections contained in this report include: overview; juvenile detention reform—why it matters; what JDAI is and how it works; how wide the JDAI model is being replicated nationwide; what participating sites achieved through detention reform; ... Read More
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31 p.
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2009
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Out of Trouble: Reducing Child Imprisonment in England and Wales--Lessons from Abroad
By Solomon, Enver; Allen, Rob.
Prison Reform Trust (London, England); Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Trust (London, England); King's College London. International Centre for Prison Studies (London, England).
“The primary purpose of this report is to look at specific policy and practice examples from outside the UK and also examples of relevant recent wholesale youth justice reform that has successfully reduced the number of children incarcerated in a particular jurisdiction” (p. iv). These ten chapters are bookended by an introduction and conclusion: alternatives to custodial remand; dealing with non-compliance; measures for children under 15; alternatives for violent/serious persistent offenders; t... Read More
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63 p.
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2009
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Out of Trouble: Reducing Child Imprisonment in England and Wales--Lessons from Abroad
By Solomon, Enver; Allen, Rob.
Prison Reform Trust (London, England); Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Trust (London, England); King's College London. International Centre for Prison Studies (London, England).
“The primary purpose of this report is to look at specific policy and practice examples from outside the UK and also examples of relevant recent wholesale youth justice reform that has successfully reduced the number of children incarcerated in a particular jurisdiction” (p. iv). These ten chapters are bookended by an introduction and conclusion: alternatives to custodial remand; dealing with non-compliance; measures for children under 15; alternatives for violent/serious persistent offenders; t... Read More
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63 p.
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2009
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Moving Away From Hardware: The JDAI Standards on Fixed Restraint
By Burrell, Sue.
Annie E. Casey Foundation. Juvenile Detention Alternative Initiative (JDAI) (Baltimore, MD).
The need to prohibit the use of fixed restraints on juveniles is explained. Sections of this report include: introduction; prevalence of fixed restraint use (40% of responding agencies do not use them); harm associated with used or fixed restraint; legal standards; professional standards; on the ground observations; rationales for use—perception that these devices are necessary equipment, to prevent injury to staff or youth, mental health rationale, and for punishment; how to move away from usin... Read More
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16 p.
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2009
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Breaking the Cycle of Abuse in Juvenile Facilities
By Krisberg, Barry.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
Results are analyzed from a study of sexually abused youth in juvenile facilities across the United States. Sections of this report include: official California data on violence and sexual assaults; California youth interview; sexual abuse in Texas juvenile facilities; abuse in Florida juvenile facilities; recommendations for reform; and concluding observations.... Read More
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8 p.
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2009
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Resilient Girls -- Factors That Protect Against Delinquency
By Hawkins, Stephanie R.; Graham, Phillip W.; Williams, Jason; Zahn, Margaret A..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Girls Study Group (Washington, DC).
This "Bulletin examines a select number of factors that research suggests may 'protect' girls who are at risk for becoming delinquent" (p. 2) Sections contained in this publication include: background -- developing the study; the current study; findings according to protective factors and female delinquency, effects of protective factors on delinquent or criminal behavior, and how childhood risk factors and protective factors in adolescence interact to produce or prevent delinquent behavior; st... Read More
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14 p.
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2009
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Rebuilding the Infrastructure for At-Risk Youth
By Krisberg, Barry; Vuong, Linh.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
Changes in recent years that have negatively impacted at-risk youth and opportunities to rectify this situation are covered. Reduced support for at-risk youth over the past eight years are: a decrease in funding for after-school programming; reduction in funding by the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA); funding slashed for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program (Byrne JAG); and inadequate proposals. Strategies for rebuilding the infrastructure for at-ri... Read More
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8 p.
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2009
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Neighborhood Effects on Crime and Youth Violence: The Role of Business Improvement Districts in Los Angeles
By MacDonald, John; Bluthenthal, Ricky N.; Golinelli, Daniela; Kofner, Aaron; Stokes, Robert J.; Sehgal, Amber; Fain, Terry.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA).
RAND Corp. Safety and Justice Program (Santa Monica, CA).
This report "examines whether residing in neighborhoods exposed to BIDs [business improvement districts] reduces a youth's risk to neighborhood violence and improves the overall social environment of one's neighborhood compared to living in similarly situated neighborhoods not exposed to BIDs" ( (p. iii). In addition to a summary, this report has six chapters: introduction; budgetary and organizational characteristics of BIDs; observations of BIDs; family, individual, and community effects on y... Read More
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117 p.
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2009
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Juvenile Suicide in Confinement: A National Survey
By Hayes, Lindsay M..
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
National Center on Institutions and Alternatives (Alexandria, VA).
Information is presented about suicides committed by juveniles in correctional facilities. Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; data collection; findings regarding personal characteristics of the victim, suicide incident characteristics, and juvenile facility characteristics; special considerations regarding comprehensive suicide prevention programming, room confinement, and corrective action; and conclusion.... Read More
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55 p.
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2009
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Racial and Ethnic Disparity and Disproportionality in Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice: A Compendium
Georgetown University. Public Policy Institute. Center for Juvenile Justice Reform (CJJR) (Washington, DC); University of Chicago. Chapin Hall Center for Children (Chicago, IL).
Documents are provided from the symposium “The Overrepresentation of Children of Color in America’s Juvenile Justice System and Child Welfare Systems.” “The symposium was designed to illuminate the work of juvenile justice and child welfare systems in this area – and the degree to which the systems’ efforts are or are not integrated – and to focus on the ways in which the federal, state, and local government might support both systems in achieving better outcomes for children and promote policie... Read More
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79 p.
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2009
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Youth Violence Myths and Realities: A Tale of Three Cities: The Different Story of Delinquent Youth as Told by the Media and by Juvenile Justice System Professionals and the Youth Themselves
By Krisberg, Barry; Hartney, Christopher; Wolf, Angela; Silva, Fabiana.
Annie E. Casey Foundation (Baltimore, MD).
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD).
The "intersection of media coverage of youth crime, public perception, public policy, and true trend and issues in youth crime" in Dallas, Washington, DC and San Mateo (CA) is examined (p. ii). Sections of this report after an executive summary include: introduction; project methods; the media's representation of youth and youth violence; the data -- trends in crime, arrests, and public attitudes; professional stakeholders and youth interviews; and summary of findings. The media often misuse cr... Read More
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60 p.
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2009
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A Question of Evidence: A Critique of Risk Assessment Models Used in the Justice System
By Baird, Christopher.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
Problems existing with the risk assessment of juveniles are examined. Topics covered include: model validity; measures of validity; reliability; measuring impact; terminology; and summary. "NCCD [National Council on Crime and Delinquency] supports standard case assessment and management models for both juvenile and adult offenders (JAIS and CAIS)" (p. 11).... Read More
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12 p.
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2009
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Best Practices in Juvenile Justice Reform
The Future of Children (Princeton, NJ).
The use of evidence-based practices in the reform of juvenile justice systems is explained. Topics discussed include: the case for evidence-based reform; why states do not implement evidence-based treatment programs; model programs; prevention programs; community-based interventions; institutional settings; and where to start.... Read More
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6 p.
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2009
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Reinvesting in New Jersey Youth: Building on Successful Juvenile Detention Reform
By Hanna, Alison; McGowan, Maria.
New Jersey Office of the Child Advocate (Trenton, NJ).
"This policy brief discusses the need for county and state leaders to capitalize on the success of detention center reforms that have resulted in fewer youth being confined in county detention centers" (p. 2). This report contains these sections: new alternatives to juvenile detention; declining numbers of NJ youth in detention; why detention reform is important; youth in detention have significant needs; from concept to action -- national examples of the ripple effect of detention reform; refo... Read More
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18 p.
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2009
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Using Media Advocacy to Promote Detention Reform: A Practice Guide to Juvenile Detention Reform
By Vetter, Stephanie.
Justice Policy Institute (Washington, DC); Annie E. Casey Foundation. Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI) (Baltimore, MD).
“Written specifically for juvenile justice advocates and officials, this handbook provides step-by-step media approaches to promote the system reforms achieved through the Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI)” (p. 2.). Sections contained in this manual are: introduction -- how to use this practice guide; the purpose of media advocacy; proactive media strategies -- how to promote detention reform; create a compelling message; preparing for an interview -- tricks of the trade; crisis ... Read More
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48 p.
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2009
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Essential Skills for Working with LGBTQ Youth in Out-of-Home Care: Handout Materials
New York State Office of Children and Family Services (Rensselaer, NY); PDP Distance Learning Project (Albany, NY).
This handout material is comprised mostly of the “Promoting a Safe and Respectful Environment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Children and Youth in Out-of-Home Placement” Informational Letter (INF). “The purpose of this Informational Letter (INF) is to reinforce the commitment of the Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) to promoting a safe and respectful environment for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth in out-of-home placement. ... Read More
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6 pages
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2009
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Washington's Education Advocate Program Manual
By Scuttle, Kristin; Make, Michelle EM..
U.S. Dept. of Education (Washington, DC).
Olympic Educational Service District 114 Student Services Center (Remigration, WA); Make Associates (Port Angeles, WA); Washington. Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (Olympia, WA).
This guide is for those people “who plan to, or are implementing a re-entry, case management model to assist incarcerated youth to successfully re-entry into the community from secure facilities. The manual covers the theoretical framework for the education advocate model and outlines research for effective re-entry programming … [and] provides details of program services and tools needed for program implementation” (p. Intro-1). Seven sections follow and introduction: program history; juvenile ... Read More
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113 pages
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2009
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Fifty State Survey of Juvenile Sex Offender Registration Requirements
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
NIC/WCL Project on Addressing Prison Rape (Washington, DC); American University. Washington College of Law (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
State requirements for the registration of juvenile sex offenders are compiled and presented. Responses (if given) are reported for: registrable offenses; information maintained in sex offender registry; statutory basis for juvenile sex offender registration; duration of registration; community notification and website; and limitations on residency or employment.... Read More
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254 pages
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2009
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The School-to-Prison Pipeline…and Back: Obstacles and Remedies for the Re-Enrollment of Adjudicated Youth
By Feierman, Jessica; Levick, Marsha; Mody, Ami.
“In this article, [the authors] consider the disturbing reluctance of schools to allow delinquent youth to continue their education and the high dropout rates for youth returning from juvenile justice placements” (p.1116). Sections comprising this article are an introduction; the problem of school exclusion and high drop-out rates; due process rights of students returning to school; policy recommendations to help youth return to school, amending the No Child Left Behind Act, and instituting stat... Read More
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15 p.
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2009
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Merging Juvenile Justice and Sustainability in California
By Bloede, Carolyn.
Information is provided about the greening of the Alameda County Juvenile Justice Center (JJC) in San Leandro, California. Sections of this article are: designing a green justice facility—renewable energy, energy efficiency, water efficiency, and green cleaning; and other notable features. JJC has achieved LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification.... Read More
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3 p.
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2009
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Greening Juvenile Justice
By Kravitz, Robert.
corrections.com (Quincy, MA).
The strength of this article is in its discussion of an often forgotten part of greening a facility—the use of environmentally safe cleaning products and practices. The Alameda County Juvenile Justice Center in San Leandro, California is the green facility that has achieved LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification.... Read More
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3 p.
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2009
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Evaluation of the NYC Justice Corps: Final Report of Year One of the NYC Justice Corps Program Implementation: Executive Summary
By Tapper, Donna; Zacharia, Joy; Bergman, Artis; Fields, Allison; Clarke, Ryan.
John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Prisoner Reentry Institute (New York, NY).
Metis Associates (New York, NY); Westat (Rockville, MD).
Those individuals involved with the juvenile justice reentry process should read this report. Results from an evaluation of the implementation phase of the NYC Justice Corps are presented. The NYC Justice Corps “aims to develop the capacity of neighborhoods to address the reintegration challenges of their young adults and to instill in those young adults a sense of civic responsibility and accountability to the communities to which they return” (cover sheet). This executive summary contains the ... Read More
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9 p.
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2009
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Getting the Facts Straight about Girls in the Juvenile Justice System
NCCD Center for Girls and Young Women (Oakland, CA); National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
“Straightforward facts are [provided that are] critical to establishing policies and practices that will lead to the equitable treatment of girls and young women” (p. 1). Topics addressed include: the fastest growing juvenile justice population are girls; girls enter the system sooner than boys; offense type and severity; race and ethnicity; sexual orientation; abuse and victimization; emotional and mental health; and family issues.... Read More
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10 pages
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2009
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America's Invisible Children: Latino Youth and the Failure of Justice
By Arya, Neelum; Villarruel, Francisco; Villanueva, Caasandra; Augarten, Ian.
Campaign for Youth Justice (CFYJ) (Washington, DC); National Council of La Raza (NCLR) (Washington, DC).
Issues related to the overrepresentation of incarcerated Latino youth are discussed in this policy brief. The following sections comprise this document: overview; disparities and structural racism; Latinos invisible in the black-white paradigm; demographics; immigrants, crime, and racial and ethnic profiling; immigration consequences of justice system involvement; gangs; Latino youth in the adult justice system; difficulties completing education; difficulties gaining employment; national arrest ... Read More
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95 pages
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2009
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Past, Present, and Future of Juvenile Justice: Assessing the Policy Options (APO): Final Report
By Willison, Janeen Buck; Mears, Daniel P.; Shollenberger, Tracey; Owens, Colleen; Butts, Jeffrey A..
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
Urban Institute (Washington, DC).
This study aims to “provide policymakers, administrators, and practitioners with actionable information about how to improve the operations and effectiveness of the juvenile justice system, and to examine the role practitioners could play in constructing sound juvenile justice policy” ( p. 1). Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; study design and methods; survey findings regarding sample description, practitioner views of juvenile justice needs and priorities, practitio... Read More
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139 pages
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2009
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Family Involvement in Pennsylvania’s Juvenile Justice System
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Mental Health Association in Pennsylvania (Harrisburg, PA); Pennsylvania Council of Chief Juvenile Probation Officers (N.P.).
This monograph’s purpose is to “identify and develop strategies and models that will support family involvement in the juvenile justice system in effective and measurable ways and that are rooted within balanced and restorative justice practice” (p.5). Sections compiling this publication include: introduction; a timeline of family involvement policy in Pennsylvania’s juvenile justice system; the focus group process and themes; access to effective early prevention and intervention; communicating... Read More
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28 p.
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2009
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Strength-Based Practices and Youth Competency Assessment Training and Research Project: Alaska Division of Juvenile Justice Youth Facilities, 2008-2009: Final Report
By Mackin, Juliette R.; Linhares, Robert D.; Weller, Judy M..
NPC Research (Portland, OR).
“The Alaska Division of Juvenile Justice has undertaken a ground-breaking effort, to implement strength-based philosophy and practices within its juvenile correctional facilities (detention and treatment units) across the state” (p. iii). This report documents organizational changes due to staff training and implementation of strengths-based practices. Sections following an executive summary include: project overview; summary of strengths (i.e., division leadership buy-in and support, supportive... Read More
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85 pages
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2009
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Defining and Measuring Recidivism
By Harris, Phil; Lockwood, Brian; Mengers, Liz.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA) (Braintree, MA).
Problems with and solutions for the use of recidivism data for juveniles are discussed. In particular, the need for standardization of recidivism measures is explained for “comparisons of program and system outcomes must begin with a common understanding of what is being measured” (p. 6). Sections of this paper include: introduction; the need for standardization; current practices; conclusions and observations; recommendations for standardization; use of recidivism measures; and conclusion. It i... Read More
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46 pages
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2009
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Juveniles Who Commit Sex Offenses Against Minors
By Finkelhor, David; Ormrod, Richard; Chaffin, Mark.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
“Although those who commit sex offenses against minors are often described as “pedophiles” or “predators” and thought of as adults, it is important to understand that a substantial portion of these offenses are committed by other minors who do not fit the image of such terms” (p. 1). This publication provides detailed information for this little known population of juvenile offenders. Sections of this bulletin include: juvenile and known sex offenders known to police; characteristics of juvenile... Read More
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12 pages
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2008
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Being Inside: An Explorative Study into Emotional Reactions of Juvenile Offenders to Custody
By Laan, A.M. van der; Vervoorn, L.; Schans, C.A. van der; Bogaerts, S..
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum (WODC) (The Hague, Netherlands); Netherlands. Ministry of Justice (The Hague, Netherlands).
The relationship between the incarceration of juveniles and their emotional reactions is investigated. This summary addresses: background; research questions and method; judicial incarceration of juveniles and emotional reactions; individual characteristics and adjustment to custody; phases of adaptation to incarceration; experiences of undeserved incarceration; phases of incarceration; incarcerated peers and emotional reactions; individual characteristics and emotional reactions; emotions duri... Read More
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131 p.
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2008
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Building on Strength: Positive Youth Development in Juvenile Justice Programs
By Barton, William H.; Butts, Jeffrey A..
University of Chicago. Chapin Hall Center for Children (Chicago, IL).
Anyone involved in reforming their juvenile justice system will find this report very helpful. Findings are provided from an “exploratory study of six juvenile justice programs that are attempting to improve their intervention approaches by using a strength-based, positive youth development perspective” that focuses on what is right with the youth not what is wrong (p. 1). Sections include: introduction; traditional organizational culture in juvenile justice; positive youth development and stren... Read More
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66 pages
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2008
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Adult Gross Misdemeanor/Misdemeanor and Juvenile Workload Study, 2008
Minnesota Dept. of Corrections (St. Paul, MN).
The amount of time taken to guarantee effective offender supervision is determined. Sections of this report are: research summary; background; methodology; results according to supervision level final workload time, current workload standards, final workload task time, and current workload task time; conclusions; and copies of survey material—timesheet and task sheets. Supervision practices and workload have changed since the last study done in the 1980s.... Read More
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22 pages
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2008
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Making Things Right: Meaningful Community Service for Juvenile Offenders
By Thomas, Douglas; Hunninen, Mary.
National Center for Juvenile Justice (Pittsburgh, PA).
Issues surrounding juveniles doing community service are addressed. Topics discussed include: what community service is; meaningful community service; community in three jurisdictions—Deschutes County (OR), Clark County (WA), and Lehigh County (PA); the effectiveness of community service; good versus bad community service; tips for developing meaningful community service; and stretching the boundaries of meaningful community service.... Read More
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20 p.
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2008
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Investigating the Simultaneous Effects of Individual, Program and Neighborhood Attributes On Juvenile Recidivism Using GIS and Spatial Data Mining
By Harris, Philip; Mennis, Jeremy; Obradovic, Zoran; Izenman, Alan; Grunwald, Heidi; Lockwood, Brian; Chisholm, Laura.
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
Temple University.
“The primary goal of this project was to develop, apply, and evaluate improved techniques to investigate the simultaneous effects of neighborhood and program forces in preventing juvenile recidivism” (p. 6). This approach may benefit your agency in strategizing how to address juvenile recidivism. Seven chapters follow an abstract: introduction; neural network analysis of juvenile recidivism; spatial clustering of juvenile recidivism; hierarchical linear modeling of juvenile recidivism; a focus o... Read More
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253 pages
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2008
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Disseminating Evidence-Based Practice For Children & Adolescents: A Systems Approach to Enhancing Care
American Psychological Association. Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice with Children and Adolescents (Washington, DC).
This report explains how psychologists should provide EBP to children and adolescents. Similar actions may be needed by professionals working with youth. Sections following an executive summary include: introduction; evidence-based practice (EBP)—history and definitions; assumptions of EBP; developmental considerations; overview of the scientific evidence—assessment and intervention; an evidence-based orientation to practice; implementation and dissemination; training and supervision; and recomm... Read More
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69 pages
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2008
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Model Policy & Practice Guidelines for Providing Non-Discriminatory Services to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities
National Center for Lesbian Rights (NCLR) (San Francisco, CA).
“The purpose of these Policy and Practice Guidelines is to establish operational practices that reinforce [this facility’s] commitment to respect the dignity of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth, create a safe environment for all members of the [facility] community, and ensure that all youth have equal access to all available services, placement, care, treatment, and benefits provided by [this facility]” (p. 1). Policies cover: general facility operations; confidentiality; int... Read More
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8 pages
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2008
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The Second Century: Juvenile Justice Reform in Illinois
By Geraghty, Diane; Jacobs, Lisa; Wolff, Paula.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change (Washington, DC); Center for Children's Law and Policy (Washington, DC).
This report "describes a number of promising juvenile justice policies and practices in Illinois that provide a solid base for further reform efforts" (p. 2). Six chapters are contained in this publication: financial incentives to reduce youth confinement -- Redeploy Illinois; implementing JDAI in Illinois; challenging automatic transfer in Illinois -- research and advocacy working together for change; the Cook County Juvenile Court Clinic -- forging the link between clinical information and im... Read More
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46 p.
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2008
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State-Level Detention Reform: A Practical Guide for State Advisory Groups
Annie E. Casey Foundation. Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI) (Baltimore, MD); Coalition for Juvenile Justice (Washington, DC).
Strategies for developing and implementing an effective juvenile justice reform initiative are explained. This guide is comprised of the following sections: JDAI (Juvenile Detention Alternative Initiative) -- simply the right thing to do; meeting SAG (state advisory group) goals and responsibilities; bolstering compliance with JJDPA (Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act) core requirements; building collaborative leadership for detention reform; funding and incentifying detention refo... Read More
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66 p.
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2008
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Keeping Adolescents Out of Prison
By Steinberg, Laurance; Haskins, Ron.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL); David and Lucile Packard Foundation (Los Altos, CA).
The Future of Children (Princeton, NJ).
This policy brief explains "recommendations for reducing youth placements in adult facilities and other forms of harsh punishment in favor of more appropriate and cost-effective responses to youth crime" (p. 2). Sections following a summary include: a violent teen crime wave during the 1980s and 90s; penal proportionality and adolescent development; harsh punishment for adolescents does not work; what works to deter juvenile crime; and the work ahead in preventing juvenile crime.... Read More
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8 p.
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2008
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Building Pennsylvania's Comprehensive Aftercare Model: Probation Case Management Essentials for Youth in Placement
By Torbet, Patricia.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL); Juvenile Court Judges' Commission (JCJC) (Pittsburgh, PA); Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency (Harrisburg, PA); Juvenile Law Center (Philadelphia, PA).
National Center for Juvenile Justice (Pittsburgh, PA); Models for Change (Washington, DC).
The creation of an aftercare model that provides aftercare at the beginning of the process for placing a juvenile offender under probation supervision is discussed. Sections of this report include: introduction and background; probation case management essentials -- investigation and assessment, disposition recommendations and referral packet, the “Single Plan” idea, placement, monitoring in placement, and reintegration; next steps; and charts and sidebars -- five phases of Pennsylvania’s model ... Read More
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36 p.
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2008
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First Names and Crime: Does Unpopularity Spell Trouble?
By Kalist, David E.; Lee, Daniel Y..
Shippensburg University. Dept. of Economics (Shippensburg, PA).
The relationship between juvenile delinquency and the first names of juveniles is examined; or are youth with unpopular names more likely to become juvenile delinquent? Sections in addition to an abstract include: introduction; data; empirical results -- names and family structure and names and sociodemographics of juvenile's county of residence; and conclusion. This study shows that "regardless of race, a positive correlation [exists] between unpopular first names and juvenile delinquency" (p.... Read More
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11 p.
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2008
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Model Policies for Juvenile Justice and Substance Abuse Treatment: A Report by Reclaiming Futures
By Binard, Joey; Prichard, Mac.
Robert Wood Foundation (Princeton, NJ).
Portland State University. Reclaiming Futures National Program Office. Juvenile Justice Fellowship (Portland, OR).
The use of the Reclaiming Futures model, "a new approach to helping teenagers caught in the cycle of drugs, alcohol and crime . . . combin[ing] system reforms, treatment improvement and community engagement" is discussed (p. 3). Sections of this report are: executive summary; teens, drugs, alcohol, and crime; evaluation -- research shows Reclaiming Futures works; federal, state, and local policy recommendations; meeting the challenges; what is next for Reclaiming Futures; and conclusion.... Read More
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20 p.
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2008
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Making the Right Turn: A Guide About Improving Transition Outcomes for Youth Involved in the Juvenile Corrections System
By Gagnon, Joseph; Richards, Curtis.
U.S. Dept. of Labor. Office of Disability Employment Policy (Washington, DC).
National Collaborative on Workforce and Disability (NCWD) for Youth. Institute for Educational Leadership (Washington, DC).
"This Guide has been developed to assist professionals in the workforce development system in gaining a better understanding of the needs of youth involved, or at risk of being involved in the juvenile corrections system" (p. iv). This publication is comprised of five chapters: introduction; understanding the juvenile justice system -- stages of youth involvement; meeting the needs of youth in juvenile corrections; promising practices for practitioners; and straightening out the curve -- a road... Read More
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61 p.
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2008
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Child Welfare & Juvenile Justice Systems Integration Initiative: A Promising Progress Report
By Tuell, John A..
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Child Welfare League of America. Juvenile Justice Division (Washington, DC).
Efforts by CWLA (Child Welfare League of America) partnerships to address the critical need to coordinate and integrate child welfare and juvenile justice systems are reviewed. This report has these sections: introduction; federal law bolsters the focus; framework for systems coordination and integration; publications, tools, and resources; jurisdictional examples -- King County (WA), Los Angeles County (CA), South Dakota, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Arizona, and Colorado; and conclusion.... Read More
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15 p.
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2008
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Disproportionate Minority Contact: Alameda County
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (San Francisco, CA).
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2008
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Categorically Less Culpable: Children Sentenced to Life Without Possibility of Parole in Illinois
DLA Piper (Chicago, IL).
Illinois Coalition for the Fair Sentencing of Children (Chicago, IL).
The need for Illinois lawmakers to abolish the sentence of life without the possibility of parole (LWOP) for juveniles as young as 13 years old is explained. Six chapters follow an executive summary: the law in Illinois; "Categorically Less Culpable" -- why children are different; children serving LWOP in Illinois; Illinois and the origins of the juvenile justice system; national and international trends; and conclusion and recommendations.... Read More
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42 p.
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2008
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Probation Strategies to Prevent Recidivism
By Maccarone, Robert.
New York State Division of Probation and Correctional Alternatives (Albany, NY).
The use of probation to prevent recidivism in youth is explained. This address is divided into four parts: brief overview of cases involving juveniles and/or youthful offenders under probation supervision with attention to particular challenges posed by youth involved with violence or violent crime; descriptions of probation strategies intended to reduce recidivism; both data-based and anecdotal evidence of the impact of the strategies above; and challenges -- what has been learned and future c... Read More
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6 p.
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2008
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Blueprint for Change: Funding Mental Health Services for Youth in Contact with the Juvenile Justice System
By Lepler, Susan; Skowyra, Kathleen R.; Cocozza, Joseph J..
National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice (NCMHJJ) (Delmar, NY).
Suggestions are given for ways to fund mental health services for juvenile offenders. Four sections follow an introduction -- background; program funding descriptions for seven programs profiled in the "Blueprint for Change"; analysis and lessons learned -- cross-site funding and proposed directions for the field; and summary.... Read More
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35 p.
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2008
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Rehabilitation Versus Incarceration of Juvenile Offenders: Public Preferences in Four Models for Change States
By Piquero, Alex; Steinberg, Laurence.
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
Models for Change (Washington, DC).
Respondents' opinions about two juvenile justice policy alternatives - incarceration and rehabilitation (which is more effective) - are compared. The "public is willing to pay nearly 20 percent more in additional taxes annually for programs that offer rehabilitative services to serious juvenile offenders than for longer periods of incarceration" (p. 5).... Read More
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7 p.
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2008
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Who Gets a Second Chance? An Investigation of Ohio's Blended Juvenile Sentence
By Cheesman, Fred l., II; Waters, Nicole L..
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
The juvenile-inclusive blended sentencing system (in which the "juvenile court imposes both juvenile and adult sanctions, typically suspending the adult sanction") as practiced in Ohio is investigated (p. 3). This report has these sections: introduction and relevant literature; methodology; results according to demographics, the offense, recidivism risk, juvenile adjudication processing, and treatment; and discussion. The most serious sanction was consistently applied to the most serious offens... Read More
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32 p.
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2008
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Youth Courts: An Empirical Update and Analysis of Future Organizational and Research Needs
By Schneider, Jeffrey.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
George Washington University. Hamilton Fish Institute on School and Community Violence (Washington, DC).
This report examines operational concerns with youth courts (aka teen court, peer jury, or student court), volunteer activity, court maturation, and resource utilization. Sections comprising this document include: introduction; youth in the juvenile justice system; juvenile justice system costs; philosophy/framework and goals of youth courts; current youth courts study; issues of this study; issues of youth courts; and potential value of youth courts. The best estimate shows that youth courts c... Read More
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43 p.
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2008
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From Corrections to Community: The Juvenile Reentry Experience as Characterized by Multiple Systems Involvement
By Cusick, Gretchen Ruth; George, Robert M.; Bell, Katie Claussen.
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL).
The impact of involvement in multiple systems on the recidivism of ex-offending juveniles in Illinois is investigated. Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; methods; findings -- description of systems involvement, profiles of multiple systems involvement in the collective reentry experience, and recidivism among youth with different reentry experiences; and discussion and implications. Involvement in multiple systems does not directly lead to lower recidivism rates.... Read More
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82 p.
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2008
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Pathways to Serious Offending
By Yessine, Annie K.; Bonta, James.
Public Safety Canada (Ottawa, Ontario).
"This study use[s] a sample of male and female Canadian juvenile probationers followed into middle adulthood to explore the existence of distinctive criminal pathways and identify the early characteristics that predict the offending trajectories" (p. 6). These sections follow an executive summary: introduction; method; results according to temporal patterns of growth and offending trajectories, risk factors associated with offending trajectories, description of the optimal conditioned two-group... Read More
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46 p.
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2008
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Residential Facilities: Improved Data and Enhanced Oversight Would Help Safeguard the Well-Being of Youth with Behavioral and Emotional Challenges
By Brown, Kay E..
U.S. Government Accountability Office (Washington, DC).
Maltreatment and civil rights abuses experienced by juveniles in youth residential facilities are investigated. Contents of this report include: results in brief; background; fatalities and maltreatment occurred in government and private facilities, but state and national data do not fully capture the extent and nature of the problem; state licensing and monitoring exclude some facilities and do not address all risks to youth well-being; federal agencies challenged to address weaknesses in state... Read More
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87 p.
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2008
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The Rest of Their Lives: Life Without Parole for Youth Offenders in the United States in 2008
Human Rights Watch (New York, NY).
The sentencing of juveniles to life without parole (JLWOP), effectively to die in prison, is examined. This report has sections that cover: new findings in 2008; a nationwide problem; harsh sentencing practices; crimes that can lead to JLWOP; sentencing disparity; life in prison; JLWOP and international human rights -- there are 2,484 youth serving LWOP in the world, all in the U.S.; fair sentences for youth; and recommendations.... Read More
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12 p.
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2008
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Locking Up Our Children: The Secure Detention of Massachusetts Youth After Arraignment and Before Adjudication
By Dahlberg, Robin l..
American Civil Liberties Union Foundation (New York, NY); ACLU of Massachusetts (Boston, MA).
The role pre-adjudication detention practices plays in the overrepresentation of minority youth in Massachusetts' secure detention facilities is examined. This report is comprised of these sections: introduction executive summary; background -- the disproportionate confinement of youth of color in juvenile detention and correctional (treatment) facilities; the ACLU's 2006-2007 study -- an attempt to identify the reasons for disproportionate minority confinement; conclusions and recommendations.... Read More
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66 p.
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2008
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No Chance to Make It Right: Life Without Parole for Juvenile Offenders in Mississippi
By Thomas, Holly A..
NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund (LDF) (New York, NY).
The need to eliminate the sentence of life without parole (LWOP) as executed in Mississippi is explained. Seven sections comprise this report: introduction; what life without parole is and whom it affects; how the sentence of juvenile LWOP came about; children tried as adults; characteristics of Mississippi's juveniles serving LWOP and the case against such sentences; conclusions and recommendations; and the chart "Juveniles Sentenced to LWOP in Mississippi."... Read More
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26 p.
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2008
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Violence by Teenage Girls: Trends and Context
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Girls Study Group (Washington, DC).
The trend that crimes committed by girls are increasing is investigated. Sections of this Bulletin are: trends in girls' violence; context of girls' violence -- violence against peers, violence against family, violence in schools, poverty and disorganized communities, and girls and gangs; and conclusions -- what we know (i.e., trends and context) and what we need to know. Although girls may be arrested for assaults more, the amount of violent crime has changed very little over the last 20 years... Read More
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24 p.
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2008
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2008 Kids Count Data Book: State Profiles of Child Well-Being
Annie E. Casey Foundation (Baltimore, MD).
Demographic data measured by ten key indicators are used to rank states according to the well-being of their children. These sections are contained in this Data Book: the essay "A Road Map for Juvenile Justice Reform" by Douglas W. Nelson, about the need to reform our juvenile justice system; summary and findings; and state profiles. Overall, New Hampshire is ranked first with Mississippi ranked last. The juvenile justice section in each state profile includes data on youth in custody.... Read More
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198 p.
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2008
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Assessing the Risk of Juvenile Sex Offenders Using the Intensive Parole Sex Offender Domain
Washington State Institute for Public Policy (Olympia, WA).
Determining juvenile sex offender recidivism utilizing the IPSA (Intensive Parole Supervision Assessment) is investigated. This report has these sections: highlights; introduction; study sample; recidivism rates; measuring predictive accuracy; IPSA sex offender domain predictive accuracy; analysis of other sample information; initial security classification assessment; and potential next steps. No strong association with sexual recidivism was found, although the result may be due to the sample.... Read More
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16 p.
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2008
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The State of Multnomah County Juvenile Justice System: A Report to Policymakers and Citizens of Multnomah County
By Chapman, Ken.
Crime Victims United of Oregon (Portland, OR).
The claim that Multnomah County Juvenile Services has “greatly reduced juvenile crime while reducing the need for the use of secure detention and commitments to juvenile correctional facilities” is examined (p. 4). Seven parts follow an executive summary: the Annie E. Casey Foundation and the Juvenile Detention Alternatives Initiative (JDAI); Multnomah Juvenile Services -- JDAI in practice; JDAI on the streets -- the police perspective; JDAI on the inside -- the custody staff perspective; Davon... Read More
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103 p.
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2008
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Association of Prenatal and Childhood Blood Lead Concentrations with Criminal Arrests in Early Childhood
By Wright, John Paul; Dietrich, Kim N.; Ris, M. Douglas; Hornung, Richard W.; Wessel, Stephanie D.; Lanphear, Bruce P.; Ho, Mona; Rae, Mary N..
The relationship between prenatal and childhood blood lead levels and criminal offenses is ascertained. This article contains these sections: abstract; introduction; methodology; results; discussion; and editors' summary. Prenatal and postnatal blood lead concentrations are associated with higher rates of total arrests and/or arrests for offenses involving violence. "This is the first prospective study to demonstrate an association between developmental exposure to lead and adult criminal behav... Read More
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9 p.
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2008
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Mayor Bloomberg Announces New Weekend Court Processing So Youth Who Present Low Risk to the Community Can Be Returned Home Swiftly: Weekend Court Processing Will Ensure High-Risk Youth Stay in Detention, While Low- and Moderate-Risk Youth Are Returned Home With Services Instead of Lingering in the System; New Risk Assessment Instrument Introduced to Help Judges
NYC.gov (New York, NY).
This press release describes weekend processing of juvenile delinquency arrests and a new juvenile risk assessment tool. Family Court will remain closed over the weekend. Juveniles will be processed in a separate courtroom from adults at the Manhattan Criminal Court. "The new [juvenile risk assessment] tool is modeled on a similar instrument successfully in use in criminal court for decades" (p. 2).... Read More
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3 p.
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2008
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Juvenile Justice Reform: Realigning Responsibilities
Little Hoover Commission (Sacramento, CA).
The realignment of responsibility for juvenile offenders from the state of California to its counties, except for the most serious juvenile offenders, is evaluated. Sections in addition to an executive summary are: juvenile justice in California; realignment leadership and oversight; juvenile offenders remaining at the state level; conclusion; and the Commission's study process. Three recommendations are made to address "the most serious threat to successful realignment . . . the lack of a lead... Read More
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82 p.
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2008
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Prison Rape Elimination Act: The Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) Applies to All Public and Private Institutions that House Adult or Juvenile Offenders
Arizona Dept. of Juvenile Corrections. (Phoenix, AZ).
Materials concerning the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREA) produced by the Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections are available at this website. Points of entry include:
- Director’s message;
- Public Law 108-79 (PREA);
- Arizona Revised Statutes (ARS) definitions;
- “Preventing and Responding to Sexual Offenses Involving Juveniles,”
- “Preventing Sexual Assault and Sexual Abuse of Juveniles,”
- “Reception Screening for Assaultive and Sexually Aggressive Be... Read More
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2 p.
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2008
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Minnesota Juvenile Justice and Mental Health Initiative: Findings and Recommendations: Final Report
Minnesota Dept. of Corrections (St. Paul, MN).
Services needed by youth with mental health disorders involved with Minnesota's justice system are assessed. Sections of this report in addition to an executive summary include: introduction; the Minnesota Juvenile Justice and Mental Health Initiative; the process -- the most critical issues to address involving collaboration, identification, diversion, and treatment; first-round Initiative issues to be tackled; summary of Task Force recommendations; and a comprehensive list of recommendations ... Read More
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23 p.
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2008
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A Multilevel Analysis of Juvenile Court Processes: The Importance of Community Characteristics
By Rodriguez, Nancy.
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
The impact of race/ethnicity and community disadvantage on juvenile court outcomes in Arizona is examined. Seven sections follow an executive summary: purpose, goals, and objectives; review of literature; research objectives; research design and methods; findings for descriptives, racial/ethnic disparities (informal diversion, detention, petition filed, dismissal of petition, and out-of-home placement) and the relationship between juvenile court actions and recidivism; and discussion and resear... Read More
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52 p.
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2008
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The Declining Number of Youth in Custody in the Juvenile Justice System
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (San Francisco, CA).
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2008
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Sexual Violence Reported by Juvenile Correctional Authorities, 2005-2006
U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics (Washington, DC).
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2008
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Texas Juvenile Probation Today and Tomorrow
Texas Juvenile Probation Commission (Austin, TX).
Key issues impacting the Texas juvenile probation system are discussed. This report includes the following sections: executive summary; Texas Juvenile Probation Commission -- history, role, and function, and 26 years of accomplishments; juvenile justice trends; four guiding principles; and research supporting these guiding principles.... Read More
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30 p.
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2008
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Fact Sheets Examine Impact of Sex Offender Registries
Justice Policy Institute (Washington, DC).
This website provides access to information about the effect sex offender registries have on the offenders themselves and others. As of September 2008, the fact sheets available are: Youth Who Commit Sex Offenses; The Negative Impact of Registries on Youth; and What Will It Cost States to Comply with the Sex Offend Registry and Notification Act.... Read More
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7 p.
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2008
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Standards and Guidelines for the Evaluation, Assessment, Treatment and Supervision of Juveniles Who Have Committed Sexual Offenses
Colorado Sex Offender Management Board (Denver, CO); Colorado Division of Criminal Justice. Office of Domestic Violence and Sex Offender Management (Denver, CO).
Standards required for juvenile sex offenders and recommended for juveniles and families seeking intervention for sexually abusive behavior are presented. Sections of these standards are: introduction; guiding principles; definitions; presentence investigations of juveniles who have committed sexual offenses; evaluation and ongoing assessment of juveniles who have committed sexual offenses; standards of practice for treatment providers; qualifications of treatment providers, evaluators, and and... Read More
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166 p.
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2008
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Sentencing Our Children to Die in Prison: Global Law and Practice
By de la Vega, Connie; Leighton, Michelle.
The sentencing of juveniles to life imprisonment without the possibility of release or parole (LWOP) is examined. This report includes these sections: introduction and overview; countries' practices in imposing LWOP sentences; international law prohibits LWOP for juveniles which the U.S. violates; juvenile justice and rehabilitation models -- the German model of alternative sentencing, the New Zealand Family Group Conference model, the Georgia Justice Project's holistic approach, the Annie E. C... Read More
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62 p.
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2008
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Mental Health Screening with Youth in the Justice System
Minnesota Dept. of Corrections (St. Paul, MN).
Eligibility, data collection, definitions, and post-screening coordination are described for M.S. 260B.007, subd. 6, the enabling legislation addressing the mental health screening of youth ages 10-18 under custody of the Minnesota Department of Corrections.... Read More
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2 p.
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2008
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Juvenile Justice
Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs (Princeton, NJ); Brookings Institute (Washington, DC).
Issues related to juvenile justice are addressed. Articles include: “Introducing the Issue” by Laurence Steinberg; “Adolescent Development and the Regulation of Youth Crime” by Elizabeth S. Scott and Steinberg; “Improving Professional Judgments of Risk and Amenability in Juvenile Justice” by Edward P. Mulvey and Anne-Marie R. Iselin; “Disproportionate Minority Contact” by Alex R. Piquero; “Juvenile Crime and Criminal Justice: Resolving Border Disputes” by Jeffrey Fagan; “Understanding the Female... Read More
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210 p.
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2008
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The Girls Study Group -- Charting the Way to Delinquency Prevention for Girls
By Zahn, Margaret A.; Hawkins, Stephanie R.; Chiancone, Janet; Whitworth, Ariel.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Girls Study Group (Washington, DC).
A review of results from the six studies that make up the Girls Study Group series is provided. This document is comprised of the following sections: introduction; violence by teenage girls -- trends and context; causes and correlates of girls' delinquency; about the Girls Study Group; resilient girls -- factors that protect against delinquency; suitability of assessment instruments for delinquent girls; girls' delinquency programs -- an evidence-based review; development sequences of girls' de... Read More
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8 p.
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2008
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Sunset Staff Report
Texas. Legislature. Sunset Advisory Committee (Austin, TX).
This report "summarizes the Sunset staff's recommendations to address key systemic problems and continuing issues at [the Texas Youth Commission] TYC, as well as recommendations regarding the Office of Independent Ombudsman, regulation of nonsecure residential facilities, and procedures for certification of probation and detention officers" (p. 2). Sections following a summary are: four issues/recommendations; across-the-board recommendations (ATBs); and information about these agencies.... Read More
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122 p.
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2008
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Serving the Employment Needs of Justice-Involved Juveniles and Adults: A Primer for Treatment and Recovery Support Service Providers
By Meyers-Peeples, Roberta.
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (Rockville, MD).
Legal Action Center. National H.I.R.E. Network (New York, NY).
"This guide will provide an overview of the unique issues people in recovery with criminal records face when seeking jobs or access to higher education" (p. 3). Topics discussed include: what is the law regarding employment discrimination; legal and practical barriers to employment and education; employer negligent hiring liability; higher education as a goal; understanding background checks; gathering evidence of rehabilitation; efficient use of federal and state financial incentives; and what... Read More
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22 p.
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2008
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Perpetual Punishment: The Consequences of Adult Convictions for Youth
By Eggleston, Alexa.
Campaign for Youth Justice (Washington, DC).
The impact on youth later in their lives of being convicted as adults is explained. Topics discussed in this report include: impact of war on drugs on youth; misguided addiction policies have fueled incarceration; perpetual punishment -- the lasting effects of a criminal history; access to and use of criminal information is expanding at exponential rates; loss of employment opportunities -- employment and education barriers; federal barriers created by Congress as part of war on drugs; public a... Read More
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30 p.
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2008
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The Comprehensive Approach to Sex Offender Management
U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
Center for Sex Offender Management (Silver Spring, MD); Center for Effective Public Policy (Philadelphia, PA).
This "Comprehensive Approach offers a promising and well-grounded framework that jurisdictions can consider as they build an informed, integrated set of policies and practices to promote the shared goal of ensuring victim and community safety" (p. 1). This report has these sections: introduction; background; the Comprehensive Approach -- fundamental principles and core components; the evolution of contemporary sex offender management strategies; statewide policy boards; special considerations f... Read More
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11 p.
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2008
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The Shackling of Juvenile Offenders: The Debate in Juvenile Justice Policy
By Banks, Emily; Cowan, Anna; Fasig, Lauren G..
University of Florida. Levin College of Law. Center on Children and Families (Gainesville, FL).
A review of juvenile offender shackling practices and related policies is presented. This report includes the following sections: introduction; the evolution of juvenile unshackling efforts in Florida; current juvenile shackling practices in Florida; shackling in Alachua County (8th Circuit) Juvenile Court proceedings; and an overview of national juvenile shackling practices.... Read More
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14 p.
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2008
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If Abuse Happens to You . . . End the Silence: A Teen's Guide to Reporting Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation in Juvenile Justice Facilities
Texas Juvenile Probation Commission (Austin, TX).
Juvenile offenders are given advice on how to tell a trusted adult about abuse, neglect, or exploitation. Topics discussed include: abuse can happen to anyone -- what are physical abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, emotional abuse, and exploitation; who commits abuse -- what to do if the abuser is another juvenile and what to do if you see or hear someone being abuse; who can help; abuse is a crime -- tell someone now; what else can you do; and answers to frequently asked questions (FAQ). These pamp... Read More
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4 p.
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2008
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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Questioning Youth (PPM 3442.00)
New York State Office of Children and Family Services (Albany, NY).
This policy is designed "to maintain and promote a safe environment for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth in OCFS [New York State Office of Children and Family Services] operated residential and after-care programs" (p. 1). Procedures cover: training of staff; resources and policy dissemination to youth; reporting responsibilities and procedures for staff; incident reporting procedures for youth; enforcement; and childcare practices for LGBTQ youth. The OCFS Guid... Read More
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14 p.
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2008
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And by the Way, Do You Know He Thinks He's a Girl? The Failures of Law, Policy, and Legal Representation for Transgender Youth in Juvenile Delinquency Courts
By Marksamer, Jody.
Legal protections often denied transgender youth involved with the juvenile justice system are described. Sections contained in this article include: transgender youth are at risk for juvenile court intervention; overview of the juvenile delinquency system; the failures of juvenile court intervention for transgender youth; the failures of legal representation; failure to provide appropriate treatment and rehabilitation plans; lack of access to counsel and the courts; lack of competence to work w... Read More
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21 p.
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2008
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Literature Review: Wraparound Services for Juvenile and Adult Offender Populations
By Wilson, Kate J..
University of California, Davis. Center for Public Policy Research (CPPR) (Davis, CA).
"The purpose of the current report is to review extant research literature on the efficacy of wraparound services as applied to the community reentry of adult offender populations" (p. 1). Sections following an introduction include: overview of wraparound services; the evidence base for wraparound services; wraparound services for juvenile offender reentry; select evaluations of wraparound juvenile justice programs; wraparound services for adult offender reentry; and conclusion. While there has... Read More
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15 p.
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2008
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Widening the Lens 2008: A Panoramic View of Juvenile Justice in New York State: An Analysis of System Indicators for State and Local Planning, 2004 to 2006 Data
By Salsich, Annie; Amin, Paragini; Estep, Ben.
Vera Institute of Justice (New York, NY).
Data for state and county juvenile justice systems from 2004 to 2006 is analyzed to find promising strategies for reform efforts. Sections of this report include: introduction; background -- developing and institutionalizing the indicators; observations -- referral to family court, detention, court processing, and disposition; and conclusion.... Read More
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33 p.
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2008
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Youth in the Juvenile Justice System
Minnesota Dept. of Public Safety (St. Paul, MN).
Minnesota’s juvenile justice system, its incarcerated youth, and strategies to address system reform are described. Some of the topics discussed include: overview; role and purpose of the juvenile court; terms to describe juvenile offenders; Juvenile Justice System Flow Chart; what disproportionate minority contact (DMC) is; crime rates nationally and in Minnesota; demographics of arrested youth; the number of youth that appear in juvenile court and are on probation; how many youth are transferr... Read More
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27 p.
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2008
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Paternal Incarceration and Children's Physically Aggressive Behaviors: Evidence from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study
By Wildeman, Christopher.
Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation (New York, NY).
Bendheim-Thoman Center for Research on Child Wellbeing (CRCW) (Princeton, NJ).
The "effects of paternal incarceration on children's physically aggressive behaviors at age five" are examined (p. 3). This report contains an abstract and the following sections: background; data, measures, and method; results; and discussion. There is a statistically significant relationship between parental incarceration and the physical aggression of boys, but not of girls.... Read More
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32 p.
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2008
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A Tangled Web of Justice: American Indian and Alaska Native Youth in Federal, State, and Tribal Justice Systems
By Arya, Neelum; Rolnick, Addie C..
Campaign for Youth Justice (Washington, DC).
Information is provided concerning the involvement of American Indian and Alaska Native Youth in the justice system. Sections of this brief include: introduction; demographics; risk and protective factors; national juvenile delinquency statistics; jurisdiction -- three different justice systems; Tribal juvenile justice systems and the role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs; Native youth in state systems; Native youth in the federal system; promising approaches; solutions and recommendations; and ... Read More
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43 p.
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2008
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Critical Condition: African-American Youth in the Justice System
By Arya, Neelum; Augarten, Ian.
Campaign for Youth Justice (Washington, DC).
The involvement of African-American youth in the justice system is reviewed. Eight sections are contained in this report: overview; demographics; risk and protective factors; criminal activity reported by African-American youth; disparities in the juvenile justice system; disparities in the adult criminal justice system; promising approaches to addressing DMC (disproportionate minority contact); and policy recommendations.... Read More
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50 p.
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2008
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Adoration of the Question: Reflections on the Failure to Reduce Racial & Ethnic Disparities in the Juvenile Justice System
By Bell, James; Ridolfi, Laura John; Rahimi, Shadi, ed..
W. Haywood Burns Institute (BI) (San Francisco, CA).
The causes of disproportionate minority confinement (DMC) in juvenile justice systems are examined along with “federal mandates that have largely failed to reduce entrenched racial and ethnic disparities in the modern juvenile justice system” (p. 2). Sections of this report are: introduction; legacy of disparities; myths, falsehoods, and conjectures; federal attempts to reduce disparities including the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) and the Coalition for Juvenile Justice... Read More
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24 p.
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2008
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Rehabilitating and Reintegrating Youth Offenders: Are Residential and Community Aftercare Colliding Worlds and What Can Be Done About It?
By Altschuler, David M..
Center for Juvenile and Criminal Justice (San Francisco, CA).
Issues related to the divergence of residential and aftercare services for youth and evidence-based practices to address this divergence are discussed. Sections of this paper following an abstract include: introduction; overarching program design considerations; cognitive-behavioral interventions and continuity of care; staffing, personnel practices, and training; case management that bridges residential and aftercare services; and lessons and implications for integrating residential and afterca... Read More
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26 p.
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2008
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Building Pennsylvania’s Comprehensive Aftercare Model: Probation Case Management Essentials for Youth in Placement
By Torbet, Patricia.
Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency (PCCD) (Harrisburg, PA); John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, IL).
National Center for Juvenile Justice (Pittsburgh, PA).
A “model for comprehensive aftercare operating in county juvenile probation departments and in collaboration with public juvenile corrections institutions, private residential facilities and host and home school districts, in particular” is described (p.5). Sections of this publication include: introduction and background—turning aspirations into policy and practice and starting points; probation case management essentials—investigation and assessment, dispositional recommendation and referral p... Read More
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40 p.
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2008
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Reaching Through the Cracks: A Guide to Implementing the Youth Violence Reduction Partnership
By Jucovy, Linda; McClanahan, Wendy S..
Achelis and Bodman Foundations (New York, NY); William Penn Foundation (Philadelphia, PA).
Public/Private Ventures (P/PV) (Philadelphia, PA).
The development and implementation of an initiative such as the Youth Violence Reduction Partnership (YVRP) are described. YVRP’s “goal is to steer young people, ages 14 to 24 and at greatest risk of killing or being killed, away from violence and toward productive lives.” This report is divided into seven parts: introduction; key elements of YVRP; planning YVRP; YVRP in action—the frontline staff; YVRP in action—supervision and support; maintaining and strengthening YVRP; and conclusion—prepari... Read More
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89 p.
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2008
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Native American Youth and the Juvenile Justice System
By Hartney, Christopher.
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) (Oakland, CA).
The overrepresentation of Native American youth in the juvenile justice system is examined. Sections of this report are: Native American youth at key stages of the juvenile justice system; offense type; gender; cumulative impact; factors that influence Native American system involvement—poverty, education, victimization, and residential custody); youth in the adult system; and prosecuting crime on Indian lands.... Read More
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8 p.
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2008
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Juvenile Detention Officer Training Curriculum
New Mexico Association of Counties (Santa Fe, NM).
Lesson plans are provided for the following topics: security procedures; juvenile rules and regulations; juvenile rights and responsibilities; admission and release procedures; employee code of ethics and conduct; workplace harassment; fire and emergency procedures; suicide awareness and self-harm; confidentiality of juvenile medical and mental health information—applying HIPPA; behavior management (verbal de-escalation and physical intervention; first AID; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; transpo... Read More
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142 p.
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2006
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Juvenile Female Offenders: How Do You Meet Their Needs In Your Juvenile Justice Setting? [Participant's Manual]
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Meeting the needs of juvenile female offenders is discussed during this 1.5-hour training session. Topics covered include: introduction to the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) and Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) collaboration; current perspective -- research into juvenile female offender practice; current research -- a look at the work of OJJDPs Girls Study Group; NICs approach to address the issue; curriculum excerpt from NIC/OJJDPs Meeting the Needs of Juv... Read More
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2006
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Recognizing and Addressing Sexual Abuse, Assault Prevention and Intervention Issues In Your Juvenile Justice Setting: A Companion Workshop to the Overview of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) [Participant's Manual]
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO).
This Overview Workshop covers PREA (Prison Rape Elimination Act) in juvenile justice settings. Participants will be able to: recognize signs and symptoms of potential sexual abuse and assault in juveniles under their care; articulate the "dos" and "don'ts" related to working with juvenile victims of sexual abuse and assault; and analyze a scenario and decide upon an effective and appropriate course of action related to recognizing and addressing sexual abuse, assault, prevention, and interventi... Read More
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56 p.
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2006
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Preventing Sexual Abuse of Children and Youth in Custody [Satellite/Internet Broadcast]
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
Incidents of sexual abuse of juveniles in custody are reported at a rate 10 times higher than the rate in adult corrections. This 3-hour program, originally broadcast June 28, 2006, addresses this serious issue and introduces administrators, managers, advocates, and practitioners working with juvenile offenders to the requirements of the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) of 2003. At the end of this broadcast, participants will have a strong grasp of: requirements of the Prison Rape Elimination ... Read More
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2 DVDs (162 min.)
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2006
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50 State Survey of Sexual Offenses Against Children (Statutory Rape)
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
NIC/WCL Project on Addressing Prison Rape (Washington, DC); American University. Washington College of Law (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
The responses from a survey about laws concerning the statutory rape of children are presented. Offense type, description, and penalty are noted.... Read More
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160 p.
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2006
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Training Programs for Juvenile Corrections Professionals: Overview of FY2007 Training Programs [for] June 1, 2006 - May 31, 2007
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC);
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Training programs, satellite/Internet broadcasts, and e-learning are described. Information regarding training programs, information services, technical assistance, the NIC On-Line, and application procedures is also provided, along with application forms.... Read More
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30 p.
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2006
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Keeping Our Kids Safe: The Prison Rape Elimination Act and Juvenile Justice: A Guide for Juvenile Justice Administrators
The Moss Group, Inc. (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
This program provides an introduction to the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) for those individuals who work with youth in the juvenile justice system. The video covers locations of assault, consequences, approaches, statistics, prevention and reduction, youth issues, prosecution, outcomes, and action points.
The companion CD includes: letter from the Director of the National Institute of Corrections (NIC); facilitator’s guide for “Keeping Our Kids Safe”; “Keeping Our Kids Safe” video; and ... Read More
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1 DVD (23 min.) + 1 CD
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2006
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LGBT Youth in Detention: Myth and Reality
Correctional Association of New York. New York Juvenile Justice Coalition (New York, NY).
Ten myths regarding justice-involved lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth are addressed. The myths discussed are: adolescents are too youth to be aware of their sexual identity; LGBT youth are manipulative; LGBT youth should be less open about their sexuality in order not to get picked on; kids get picked on, so being LGBT should be no different; LGBT youth never complain so all must be OK; for their safety, LGBT youth should be separated from the general population; the only way... Read More
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3 pages
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2006
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The Legal Rights of Young People in State Custody: What Child Welfare and Juvenile Justice Professionals Need to Know When Working with LGBT Youth
By Estrada, Rudy; Marksamer, Jody.
National Center for Lesbian Rights (San Francisco, CA); Lambda Legal (New York, NY).
The legal rights of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) youth are discussed through the use of scenarios that show professionals in child welfare and juvenile justice what they may experience working with this population. This paper is divided into four parts: the Constitutional right to safety-- in foster care and juvenile detention and correctional facilities; other constitutional rights—the right to equal protection, and First Amendment rights; state non-discrimination laws; and co... Read More
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17 pages
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2005
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Summary Report: Regional Workshops
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); The Moss Group, Inc. (Washington, DC).
Feedback from four executive level regional workshops regarding the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) is reported. Extended responses from groups of executive-level administrators and policy makers representing community corrections, prisons, jails, and juvenile justice follow an executive summary. Comments are organized according to the four roundtable groups mentioned above on following themes: critical issues currently faced in the successful implementation of PREA; barriers and obstacles w... Read More
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27 p.
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2005
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Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) Summary of Responses from Juvenile Focus Group on Staff Sexual Misconduct and Youth on Youth Sexual Assault
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
The Moss Group, Inc. (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
Responses to thirteen questions regarding curriculum related to staff sexual misconduct with youth and youth on youth sexual assault are provided. "The objectives of the focus groups included: (1) to gather data that will inform NIC [National Institute of Corrections] in how to best develop a juvenile oriented curriculum on staff sexual misconduct; (2) to gather data that will guide NIC in identifying the major staff sexual misconduct related issues in juvenile corrections, including what stakeh... Read More
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24 p.
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2005
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Addressing Staff Sexual Misconduct with Youth
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); Washington College of Law (Washington, DC).
Materials used during this training program addressing staff sexual misconduct with youth are available at this website. Participants of this course will be able to: define and understand the scope and impact of PREA (Prison Rape Elimination Act) in juvenile settings; understand the links between law and policy in eradicating the sexual abuse of juveniles under correctional supervision; understand the significance and impact of organizational and institutional culture on eliminating sexual viol... Read More
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2 p.
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2005
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Meeting the Needs of Female Juvenile Offenders [Lesson Plan and Participant's Manual]
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
This 38-hour course is designed to help juvenile justice agencies evaluate and respond to the needs of juvenile female offenders in their specific service delivery areas. It outlines a framework for translating expressed needs and profiles into appropriate programs and services. Eight sections comprise this manual: - Introduction;
- Defining the context of juvenile female offender issues within the juvenile justice system;
- Defining the context of juvenile female issues within your juven... Read More
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2004
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Training Programs for Juvenile Corrections Professionals, June 1, 2004 - May 31, 2005
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Describes the training programs and technical assistance available from the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) Academy Division through an interagency partnership with the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). Includes application instructions and forms. ... Read More
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2003
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Effective Retraining: Fun, Focused, Fresh! [Participant's Manual]
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
The need for and process of retraining in an organization are discussed during this 3-hour workshop. Topics covered include: what does retraining look like in your organization?; benefits of refresher/in-service training; philosophy of adult education and its application to retraining; addressing four basic questions adults bring to training; and development of individual commitment statements. ... Read More
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29 p.
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2002
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Managing Sex Offenders in the Community: A Handbook to Guide Policymakers and Practitioners Through a Planning and Implementation Process
By Carter, Madeline M.; Morris, Laura.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Justice Programs (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); State Justice Institute (Alexa.
Center for Sex Offender Management (Silver Spring, MD).
A handbook designed to assist policymakers and practitioners in the process of assessing and strengthening sex offender management for adults and juveniles is provided. Four sections comprise this manual: an introduction to this handbook and to sex offender management; the framework of the planning and implementation process; an overview of the steps in the planning and implementation process; and conclusion -- an ongoing process of collecting and analyzing information. Teamwork activities and ... Read More
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96 p.
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2001
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Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol [J-SOAP]
By Prentky, Robert; Righthand, Sue.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Justice Programs (Washington, DC); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); State Justice Institute (Alexa.
Center for Sex Offender Management (Silver Spring, MD).
A checklist "to aid in the systematic review of risk factors" for 12-18 year old boys is presented (p. iv). The manual for this experimental scale contains sections on: the development and validation of J-SOAP; references; frequently asked questions; scoring guidelines; scoring instructions for Scale I (sexual drive/preoccupation), Scale II (impulsive/antisocial behavior), Scale III (intervention), and Scale IV (community stability/adjustment); and J-SOAP scoring and summary forms.... Read More
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44 p.
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2000
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Training Services for Juvenile Corrections and Detention Practitioners
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Training programs, videoconferences, distance learning, the Regionalization program, and technical assistance available from the National Institute of Corrections (NIC) Academy through an interagency agreement with the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) are described. In addition, general information, application procedures, and forms are provided. ... Read More
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21 p.
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2000
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Perspectives from the Field on the Interstate Compact on Juveniles: Findings from a National Survey
By Linke, Larry; Krauth, Barbara.
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
LIS, Inc. (Longmont, CO); National Institute of Corrections Information Center (Longmont, CO); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
Established in 1955, the Interstate Compact on Juveniles (ICJ) was created in order to "manage the interstate movement of adjudicated youth, the return of non-adjudicated runaway youth, and the return of youth to states where they were charged with delinquent acts (p. 1)." General observations, Compact activity and administration, Compact performance, problem areas, and recommendations from the field are presented. An estimated 15,000 active cases were being managed by the ICJ at mid-year 1999, ... Read More
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47 p.
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1999
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The Courage to Change: A Guide for Communities to Create Integrated Services for People with Co-Occurring Disorders in the Justice System
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC); U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (Rockville, MD); U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Center for Mental Health Services (Washington, DC).
National GAINS Center (Delmar, NY); Open Society Institute-New York. Center on Crime, Communities, and Culture (New York, NY).
Written to provide a view of successful principles, this guide offers information on how to develop, implement, finance and sustain programs that integrate the mental health, substance abuse treatment and justice systems for adult and young offenders with co-occurring disorders. The document provides an overview of the emerging landscape and covers start-up and implementation of successful integrated collaborations, financing programs, and sustaining successful programs. Included are appendices ... Read More
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50 p.
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1994
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Competency Profile of Juvenile Probation Director
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
The juvenile probation director is responsible for juvenile probation operations within a local jurisdiction that provide a continuum of interventions for juvenile offenders and at-risk youth and their families, and that provide for public safety. Using a DACUM format, the duties and tasks of the juvenile probation director are listed.... Read More
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3 p.
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1994
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Competency Profile of State Director of Juvenile Correctional Services
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Washington, DC).
The state director of juvenile correctional services is responsible for directing the implementation of the agency's mission and all aspects of state juvenile correctional services. This document, in the format of a DACUM profile, outlines the duties and related tasks of the state director of juvenile correctional services. It also summarizes the traits and attributes; education/experience; equipment; and knowledge and skills needed to enter this profession.... Read More
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4 p.
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1993
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Probation Case Classification and Workload Measures System for Indiana
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
Indiana Judicial Center (Indianapolis, IN).
Sections one and two discuss the history of development and mission/purpose of the Indiana case management system. The next three sections address the implementation strategy for a probation department and use of case classification and workload measures. The last section contains case classification and workload measures forms, such as the adult risk assessment instrument, adult risk reassessment instrument, adult needs assessment instrument, and probation workload measures data collection inst... Read More
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47 p.
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