Dictionary
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- Acetone
-
Chemical found in cigarettes. Commonly known as nail polish remover.
- Acupuncture
-
Form of traditional Chinese medicine which involves inserting and manipulating needles
into points on the body to treat pain and disease. Scientific evidence does not
support this treatment for smoking cessation purposes and further research is needed.
- Addiction
-
Uncontrollable craving, seeking, and use of a substance such as a drug or alcohol.
- Ammonia
-
Chemical found in cigarettes. Used in household cleaning products.
- Asthma
-
A common disorder in which chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (bronchi)
makes them swell, narrowing the airways.
- Ban
-
To prohibit or forbid.
- Betel Quid with Tobacco
-
A dry, preparation of betel leaf, tobacco, areca nut, catechu, and slanked lime
which is used like chewing tobacco and has similar negative health effects. Manufactured
in India. Also known as gutka.
- Bidi Cigarettes
-
Small, brown, hand-rolled, flavored cigarette.
- Blood Pressure
-
The force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. One of the
principle vital signs.
- Bronchitis
-
The inflammation of the bronchi (airways) in the lungs. Symptoms include cough and
wheezing.
- Bupropion
-
Generic name of a prescription antidepressant drug that is used as an aid for smoking
cessation to help smokers quit smoking. The brand name Zyban has been approved by
the FDA as for the purposes of smoking cessation. Brand Names:
Zyban, Wellbutrin.
- Butane
-
Chemical found in cigarettes. Also known as lighter fluid.
- Cadmium
-
Chemical found in cigarettes. Used in batteries.
- Cancer
-
A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control. Cancer cells
can invade nearby tissues and can spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic system
to other parts of the body.
-
Cancers related to cigarette smoking: bladder, cervical, esophageal,
kidney, laryngeal, leukemia, lung, oral, pancreatic, stomach
Cancers related to Smokeless Tobacco: oral cavity (lip, tongue,
cheeks, gums and the floor and roof of the mouth)
Cancers related to Cigar Smoking: oral cavity (lip, tongue, mouth,
and throat), larynx, lung, and esophagus, pancreas
-
Surgeon General's report: "The Health Consequences of Smoking"
- Cancer-Causing Substances
-
See Carcinogens.
- Carbon Monoxide
-
A colorless, odorless gas found in cigarette smoke.
- Carcinogen
-
Substances that cause cancer. These include substances such as chemicals, viruses,
hormones, ionizing radiation, and solid materials.
- Cardiovascular Disease
-
Also known as Heart Disease. Class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States.
-
Cardiovascular diseases related to cigarette smoking: abdominal aortic aneurysm,
atherosclerosis, cerbrovascular disease (stroke), coronary heart disease.
-
http://www.cdc.gov/HeartDisease/index.htm
Surgeon General's report: "The Health Consequences of Smoking"
- Catapres
-
Prescription drug that is used as an aid for smoking cessation, but is not approved
by the FDA for the purposes of smoking cessation. Generic Name: Clonidine.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
-
The United States government public health organization whose mission is "to promote
health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability".
-
http://www.cdc.gov/
- Cessation
-
The act of stopping or discontinuing something, such as quitting smoking or tobacco
use. Cessation Products Items which may be used to aid in quitting smoking.
- Chantix
-
Prescription drug that has been approved by the FDA for the purposes of smoking
cessation. Generic Name: Varenicline
- Chewing Tobacco
-
A wad of tobacco that is put inside of the cheek. See
Smokeless Tobacco.
- Chronic Bronchitis
-
A respiratory disease in which the mucous membrane in the lungs' bronchial passages
becomes inflamed. As the irritated membrane swells and grows thicker, it narrows
or shuts off the tiny airways in the lungs, resulting in coughing spells accompanied
by thick phlegm and breathlessness. Chronic bronchitis, like lung disease and emphysema, is a serious long-term disorder that
requires regular medical treatment.
- Chronic Cough
-
A cough that lasts for more than three weeks that can be caused by smoking cigarettes.
- Chronic Lung Disease
-
Long term condition that reduces the air capacity of the lungs.
- Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD)
-
Refers to lung diseases which block airflow and interfere with normal breathing.
COPD includes Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema.
- Cigar
-
A large, rolled bundle of dried and cured tobacco, other additives and flavorings
which is lit on one end and smoked.
- Cigarette
-
A small roll of finely cut, cured tobacco, other additives and flavorings which
is lit on one end for the purpose of inhalation of its smoke.
- Clonidine (Clonidine Tablets)
-
Generic name of prescription drug that is used as an aid for smoking cessation,
but is not approved by the FDA for the purposes of smoking cessation. Brand Names:
Catapres.
- Clove Cigarettes
-
Also known as kreteks, these cigarettes contain about 60 percent tobacco and 40
percent ground cloves.
- Cold Turkey
-
Slang expression for someone who gives up a habit all at once without behavioral
or pharmacological support.
- Compensating
-
The tendency for those who smoke 'light' cigarettes
to inhale more deeply; take larger, more rapid, or more frequent puffs; or smoke
a few extra cigarettes each day to get enough nicotine to satisfy their cravings.
- Comprehensive Smokeless Tobacco Health Education Act (CSTHEA)
-
Passed in 1986 to inform the public of any dangers to human health resulting from
the use of smokeless tobacco products. It requires that anyone who manufactures,
packages, or imports smokeless tobacco products to submit to the Department of Health
and Human Services the list of ingredients added to tobacco in the manufacture of
smokeless tobacco products as well as a specification of the quantity of nicotine
contained in each smokeless tobacco product.
- Coronary Artery Disease
-
See Coronary Heart Disease.
- Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
-
A narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart.
CHD is also called coronary artery disease.
- Craving
-
A great yearning.
- Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
-
The United States government's principal agency for protecting the health of all
Americans and providing essential human services.
-
http://www.hhs.gov/index.html
- Dip
-
See Smokeless Tobacco and Chewing Tobacco.
- Drugs associated with Smoking Cessation
-
Bupropion,
Catapres, Chantix, Clonidine, Commit, Duaclon, Habitrol, Nicoderm, Nicoderm
CQ, Nicotrol, Prostep, Varenicline,
Wellbutrin, Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin
XL, Zyban.
- Emphysema
-
Chronic obstructive lung disease characterized by shortness of breath and usually
caused by chronic tobacco smoking. Its hallmark is accumulation of air and loss
of elastic recoil in the lung tissues.
- Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act (FCLAA)
-
Defines a cigarette as "any roll of tobacco wrapped in paper or in any substance
not containing tobacco.[and] any roll of tobacco wrapped in any substance containing
tobacco which, because of its appearance, the type of tobacco used in the filler,
or its packaging and labeling, is likely to be offered to, or purchased by, consumers
as a cigarette…"
- Filter
-
A porous material which a liquid or gas may pass through.
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
-
The United States government's scientific, regulatory, and public health agency
that is responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy,
and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices,
our nation's food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation.
-
http://www.fda.gov/
- Gutka
-
See Betal Quid with Tobacco.
- Health
-
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just the absence
of disease or illness, with the ability to lead a socially and economically productive
life.
- Heart Disease
-
Also known as Cardiovascular Disease. Class of diseases that involve the heart or
blood vessels. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.
-
http://www.cdc.gov/HeartDisease/index.htm
- Herbal Cigarettes
-
Tobacco- and nicotine-free cigarettes. They produce many of the same toxins found
in tobacco smoke, including tar and carbon monoxide.
- Hookah
-
See Water Pipe.
- Hypnosis
-
Alternative state of consciousness where attention is away from the present and
towards particular images, thoughts, perceptions, feelings, motivations, sensations,
behaviors or a combination of these. Scientific evidence does not support this treatment
for smoking cessation purposes and further research is needed.
- Infection
-
Invasion and multiplication of germs in the body. Infections can occur in any part
of the body, and can be localized or systemic (spread throughout the body). The
germs may be bacteria, viruses, yeast, or fungi. They can cause a fever and other
problems, depending on the site of the infection.
- Inhaler
-
A device through which a substance is taken into the lungs.
- Involuntary Smoking
-
See Second-hand Smoke.
- Instant Messaging
-
The ability to exchange real time messages with another computer user on the Internet.
- Iq'Mik
-
A form of smokeless tobacco used among
Alaska Natives made of a blend of tobacco and phellinus ash (punk ash).
- Kreteks
-
See Clove Cigarettes.
- Laser Therapy
-
Similar to acupuncture, but uses a device
(a laser) which emits radiation of one or more discrete frequencies instead of needles.
Scientific evidence does not support this treatment for
smoking cessation purposes and further research is needed.
- Light Cigarettes
-
Cigarettes which claim to contain lower tar and
nicotine. Light cigarettes are not safer
and do not help smokers quit. Also known as "low-tar", "mild", or "ultra-light".
See Compensating.
-
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/light-cigarettes
- Live Help
-
A web service that allows organizations with websites to communicate or chat live
with visitors to the website.
- Low Birth Weight
-
Infants who are born weighing less than 2500 grams. A known outcome of maternal
smoking.
- Low Tar
-
Cigarettes which are marketed with less Tar. See Tar.
- Mainstream
-
Smoke which comes out through a person's mouth after inhaling it from a cigarette
- Metabolism
-
The processing of substances within the body.
- Methanol
-
Chemical found in cigarettes. Also a component of rocket fuel.
- Morbidity
-
Disease; Incidence of disease
- Mortality
-
Death; Death Rate
- Nic Water
-
Water marketed as a dietary supplement nicotine alternative. Note: Dietary supplements
are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA).
- Nicotine
-
A poisonous volatile alkaloid derived from tobacco and responsible for many of the
effects of tobacco; it first stimulates (small doses) then depresses (large doses).
- Nicotine Gum
-
An over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy drug which provides a source of
nicotine apart from smoking. An example of the gum is Majorette. See Nicotine (Systemic).
- Nicotine Inhaler
-
An over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy drug which release a mist of nicotine
into one's lungs. An example of the inhaler is Nicotrol. See
Nicotine (Systemic).
- Nicotine Lozenge
-
An over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy drug which dissolves in the mouth.
Common types of nicotine lozenge include Commit and Ariva. See
Nicotine (Systemic).
- Nicotine Nasal Spray
-
An over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy drug which is pumped into the nostril
and sprays nicotine. An example of the nasal spray is Nicotrol. See Nicotine (Systemic).
- Nicotine Patch
-
An over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy drug which looks like an oversized
adhesive bandage. The outer part of the patch sticks to your skin, while the inner
portion slowly releases nicotine into your skin. Nicotine patches are available
with and without a prescription. An example of the nicotine patch is Nicoderm CQ.
See Nicotine (Systemic).
- Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)
-
Nicotine replacement products help relieve some of the withdrawal symptoms people
experience when they quit smoking. These products are available over-the-counter
and with a prescription.
- Nicotine (Systemic)
-
Nicotine in forms such as gum, lozenge, nasal spray, inhaler, or transdermal skin
patch which aids in smoking cessation. These drugs which are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) help with the withdrawal
effects of smoking and act as replacement of the nicotine that one would get from
smoking. Common Brand Names: Commit, Nicoderm CQ, Nicorette, Nicotrol.
- Nicotine Vaccine
-
A new smoking cessation treatment that is under development and not yet available
to the public. Common name: NikVax.
- Nortriptyline
-
Prescription drug approved by the FDA as an antidepressant medication but not approved
in as a smoking-cessation therapy.
- Over-the-Counter
-
Medications/drugs that are sold without a prescription from a doctor.
- Passive Smoking
-
See Second-hand Smoke.
- Phlegm
-
Mucus which is coughed up from the lungs
- Pipe
-
A tube with a small bowl at one end that is filled with tobacco, lit, and smoked.
- Pneumonia
-
An inflammatory infection that occurs in the lungs.
- Premature Death
-
Death which occurs before the average age of death.
- Premature Delivery
-
Baby which is born before 38 weeks gestation.
- Prescription
-
Medications/drugs that are sold with a written order from a doctor.
- Prevention
-
Behaviors which reduce the risk of illness. Smoking cessation is one way to reduce
the risk of illnesses associated with cigarette smoking.
- Primary Cancer
-
Where cancer starts. For instance, primary lung cancer starts in the lungs. See
Secondary Cancer.
- Pulmonary Function
-
How well the lungs are working including expanding and contracting (inhaling and
exhaling) and exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently between the air (or
other gases) within the lungs and the blood.
- Pulse
-
Heart Rate; Heart Beat.
- Quit
-
Putting an end to a state or an activity; give up; discontinue. See Cessation.
- Quitline
-
A toll-free hotline staffed by counselors trained specifically on quitting smoking.
- Recovery
-
Returning to an original state or condition.
- Respiratory Diseases
-
Illness that affects the upper respiratory tract (e.g. nose, throat), respiratory
airways (bronchi, voice box) and/or lungs.
-
Respiratory diseases related to cigarette smoking: chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, pneumonia, respiratory effects in utero, respiratory effects in childhood
and adolescence, respiratory effects in adulthood, coughing, phlegm, wheezing, and
dyspnea, poor asthma control.
-
Surgeon General's report: "The Health Consequences of Smoking"
- Relapse
-
When a person is affected by a condition that affected them in the past, such as
an illness or addiction to a drug.
- Relaxation Technique
-
A method used to reduce tension and anxiety, and control pain.
-
http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=44723
- Rimonabant
-
Prescription drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) as an anti-obesity medication but not approved in as a smoking-cessation
therapy.
- Second-hand Smoke
-
Environmental tobacco smoke that is inhaled involuntarily or passively by someone
who is not smoking. Environmental tobacco smoke is generated from the sidestream
(the burning end) of a cigarette, pipe or cigar or from the exhaled mainstream (the
smoke puffed out by smokers) of cigarettes, pipes, and cigars. Also known as passive or involuntary smoking.
- Secondary Cancer
-
Cancer that has spread from that place it started (primary
cancer) to another part of the body or a new primary cancer.
- Self Medication
-
Medicating yourself without professional supervision, such as using an over-the-counter drug.
- Short-Term After-Effects
-
Feelings one might experience shortly after stopping smoking that last for a short
amount of time such as anxious, irritable, hungry, more tired, difficulty sleeping,
and difficulty concentrating.
- Sidestream
-
Smoke that comes from the lit end of a cigar, cigarette or pipe.
- Smoke-Free
-
Places that do not allow smoking. A way to reduce exposure to
second-hand smoke.
- Smokeless Tobacco
-
Tobacco that is not smoked but used in another form.
Chewing tobacco and snuff are the
two main forms of smokeless tobacco in use in the United States. Sometimes called
spit tobacco.
-
The Comprehensive Smokeless Tobacco Health Education Act (CSTHEA), 15 U.S.C. §4408,
defines smokeless tobacco as "any finely cut, ground, powdered, or leaf tobacco
that is intended to be placed in the oral cavity."
- Smoker
-
A person who smokes tobacco.
- Smoking
-
The act of drawing in or inhaling smoke of burning tobacco in a cigarette, pipe
or cigar and exhaling it.
- Smoking Cessation Program
-
A plan of action that facilitates quitting smoking.
- Smoking Injection
-
A smoking cessation therapy that is offered by some smoking cessation clinics. Although
the medications commonly used in these injections are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of
various medical conditions, they have not been approved as a treatment for smoking cessation.
- Snuff
-
Finely ground or shredded tobacco that is either sniffed through the nose or placed
between the cheek and gum.
- Spit Tobacco
-
See Smokeless Tobacco.
- Stimulant
-
A chemical or drug, such as caffeine or nicotine,
that temporarily accelerates physiological activity.
- Stroke
-
Occurs when the blood flow to the brain is blocked and oxygen cannot get to the
brain causing cells in the brain to die. Also called cerebrovascular incident. Smoking
has been linked to a heightened risk of stroke.
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
-
The sudden and unexpected death of a baby with no known illness, typically affecting
sleeping infants between the ages of 2 weeks to 6 months.
- Surgeon General
-
The Surgeon General serves as America's chief health educator by providing Americans
the best scientific information available on how to improve their health and reduce
the risk of illness and injury.
-
http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/
- Tar
-
Toxic chemicals which are found in cigarettes. In its solid form, it is the brown,
tacky substance that is left behind on the end of the cigarette filter.
- Teenager
-
A person between the ages of about 13 and 19. Also known as Teen or Adolescent.
- Therapy
-
Treatment of an illness, disease or disability. Therapy may be scientifically proven
to treat an illness or unproven to treat an illness. Unproven treatments are also
called alternative therapy.
- Tobacco
-
A plant with leaves that have high levels of the addictive chemical nicotine. The
leaves may be smoked (in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes), applied to the gums (as
dipping and chewing tobacco), or inhaled (as snuff). Tobacco leaves also contain
many cancer-causing chemicals, and tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco
smoke have been linked to many types of cancer and other diseases. The scientific
name is Nicotiana tabacum. Tobacco is American in origin.
-
http://www.cancer.gov/Templates/db_alpha.aspx?CdrID=439432
- Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines (TSNAs)
-
The most powerful carcinogens known
and are found in tobacco products. These carcinogens are known to cause several
cancers and other diseases and illnesses.
- Transdermal Skin Patch
-
A medicated adhesive patch that is put on the skin to release a dose of medication
through the skin into the bloodstream.
- Trigger
-
Something that initiates a reaction, such as a cigarette craving.
- Ultra Light
-
See Light Cigarette.
- Vaccine
-
See Nicotine Vaccine.
- Varenicline
-
Prescription drug that has been approved by the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) for the purposes of smoking cessation. Brand
Name: Chantix.
- Water Pipe
-
A device used for smoking substances, such as tobacco,
where the smoke is drawn through water or ice and cooled before inhaling.
- Weight
-
See Weight Gain.
- Weight Gain
-
An increase in body weight which is common after quitting smoking.
- Wellbutrin
-
Prescription antidepressant drug that is used as an aid for smoking cessation, but
is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for the purposes of smoking cessation. Generic Name: Bupropion.
- Withdrawal
-
Physical and psychological symptoms that follow the discontinuance of an addicting
drug. The symptoms that have been associated with smoking cessation include cravings
to smoke, irritability, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, inability to concentrate,
increased appetite, headache, cough, sore throat, constipation, gas, dry mouth,
sore tongue and/or gums, postnasal drip, tightness in chest.
- Zyban
-
Prescription antidepressant drug that is approved by the FDA as an aid for smoking
cessation. Generic Name: Bupropion.