BJS home page
Expenditure & employment facts at a glance
|
Expenditure and Employment Statistics
On this page:
Summary findings | Publications
| Selected statistics |
About the data collections | Related sites
See Data Online for Employment and Expenditure data.
Local governments spend more
on criminal justice than State governments or the Federal government.
Direct expenditure by level of government,
1982-2005
Direct expenditure for each of the major criminal justice functions (police,
corrections, judicial) has been steadily increasing.
Direct expenditures by criminal justice function,
1982-2005
- In fiscal 2005 Federal, State, and local governments spent an estimated $204
billion for police protection, corrections and judicial and legal activities,
a 5.5% increase over the previous year. Per capita expenditure across the three government
types and criminal justice functions was approximately $660.
- In fiscal 2005 State and local governments spent a combined 83% of
all direct justice dollars; the Federal Government spent the rest.
- Federal government spent more than $35 billion on direct expenditures
for criminal and civil justice in fiscal year 2005. State governments
spent over $65 billion and local governments spent over $104 billion.
To the top
This list is in
order of the most recent publication first. Additional titles are listed
on other topical pages and a comprehensive list is contained on the BJS
publications page. To see a full abstract of a publication
with links to electronic versions of the publication, click on the title
below.
Justice Expenditure and
Employment Extracts series, Presents data from the Census Bureau's
Annual Government Finance Survey and Annual Survey of Public Employment.
This series includes national and State-by-State estimates of government
expenditures and employment for the following justice categories: police
protection, all judicial (including prosecution, courts, and public defense),
and corrections. Federal data for the same categories are also included,
as are data for the very largest local governments (counties with populations
of 500,000 or more and cities with populations of 300,000 or more)
- In electronic formats only:
2005, 08/07 NCJ 219370
- 2004, 12/06 NCJ 215648
2003, 12/05. NCJ 212350
2002, 6/05. NCJ 209179
2001, 12/03. NCJ 202792
2000, 12/03. NCJ 194802
1999, 12/01. NCJ 194802
1998, 10/01. NCJ 190641
1997, 11/00. NCJ 185672
1996, 03/00. NCJ 180883
1995, 11/99. NCJ 175706
1994, 08/99. NCJ 175706
1993, 08/99. NCJ 163068
Justice
Expenditure and Employment in the U.S. 2003, 04/06. Provides selected
data from the Census Bureau's Annual General Finance and Employment Surveys.
Data presented include police protection, judicial and legal services,
and corrections expenditure and employment for Federal, State, and local
governments in 2003 and national trend data for 1982 to 2003. NCJ 212260
- Justice
Expenditure and Employment in the U.S. 2001, 05/04. NCJ 202792
Justice Expenditure and Employment
in the U.S. 1999, 02/02. NCJ 191746
Justice Expenditure and Employment
in the U.S. 1995, 11/99. NCJ 178235
Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program, 2005, 7/05. Describes the steps used in the JAG formula calculation process and presents summary results of the FY 2005 formula calculations. NCJ 209333
Local Law
Enforcement Block Grant Program, 1996-2004, 09/04. Outlines how the formulas are calculated under the LLEBG Program to make funds available to local governments for reducing crime and improving public safety. NCJ 203096
State Prison Expenditures, 2001, 06/04. Presents comparative data on the cost of operating the Nation's State prisons. The study is based on institutional corrections elements of the Fiscal 2001 Survey of Government Finances which State budget officers reported to the U.S. Census Bureau. NCJ 202949
- State Prison Expenditures, 1996, 8/99. NCJ 172211
Justice Variable Passthrough Data, 1997, 11/01. Presents the variable passthrough (VPT) data used to calculate the amounts States distribute to their local governments under the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Programs. NCJ 190359
Indigent Defense Services in Large Counties, 1999, 11/00. Describes the methods by which criminal indigent defense is delivered in the Nation's 100 most populous counties. NCJ 184932
To the top
Selected
statistics
To the top
BJS
Expenditure and Employment Data Collections
Justice
Expenditure and Employment Extracts series
Since 1980, these data have been extracted from the Census Bureau's Annual
Government Finance Survey and Annual Survey of Public Employment. This
series includes national and State-by-State estimates of government expenditures
and employment for the following justice categories: police protection,
all judicial (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and
corrections. Federal data for the same categories are also included, as
are data for the largest local governments (counties with populations
of 500,000 or more and cities with populations of 300,000 or more). The
unit of analysis in the CJEE is the government. For example, the corrections
employment reported for any particular State represents the total of all
correctional personnel employed by that State regardless of which prison,
probation office, or other corrections agency employ them.
Annually since 1980
Codebook and datasets
Justice Assistance
Data Survey (formerly Justice Expenditure and Employment Survey)
This direct survey of governments collects detailed justice expenditure
data. These data are the basis for calculating variable passthrough estimates
needed to distribute the formula funds of the Edward Byrne Memorial State
and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Program administered by the Bureau
of Justice Assistance. Less detailed annual expenditure and
employment data are available in the Justice Expenditure and Employment
Extracts series which produce similar but not statistically comparable
data. Comparability issues are described in Appendix 2 of the 1992 Justice
Expenditure and Employment Extracts report and in a text file provided
with the zip archive for the 1993-99 and trends spreadsheets. Prior to
1997, this survey was called the Justice Expenditure and Employment Survey,
and collected detailed employment data in addition to expenditure data.
1971-79, 1985, 1988, 1990, and 1997
Codebooks
and Datasets
Expenditure and
employment data from other BJS sources
Other BJS series collect agency-based employment and expenditure data
that allow the development of workload measures, ratios of employees to
clients, and ratios of dollars per service delivered. These include --
Because of collection
methods, units of analysis, and data collection purposes the estimates
produced from these sources may differ from those produced by the CJEE.
To the top
|