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1.4.11  Field Assistance Guide for Managers (Cont. 1)

1.4.11.11 
Q-MATIC

1.4.11.11.1  (07-18-2007)
Wait Time

  1. Field Assistance established various measures and key indicators to determine the quality of service that we provide to our customers. An important key indicator is the timeframe in which we provide service to our customers and the time spent waiting in our lobbies for this service. The goal is to begin service to our taxpayers within 30 minutes of arrival without jeopardizing quality.

  2. The following are recommendations that will assist you in controlling the traffic and customer service delays in your TACs:

    • Gating - Look for patterns in traffic and reset the priorities if necessary. Gating is defined as priorities and assigning Q-MATIC categories.

    • Return Prep Scheduling - Avoid scheduling return prep appointments during peak periods. For example, return prep should not be scheduled during lunch times.

    • Lunch Time Scheduling- Stagger lunch times so that you have the maximum coverage possible.

    • Off Counter Duties- If wait time is an issue, do not allow employees to perform Off Counter duties (i.e., Referrals, CENTRA, etc.) during peak periods.

    • Effective Q-MATIC Use - Utilize Q-MATIC management screens and reports to determine if customer service delays are beginning to occur and take necessary action. Some reports that may be used are Work Station Performance, Work Station Report Daily, Weekly (Under Wait Time), Customer Flow Workdays Overview, and Customer Flow During a Day.

      Note:

      For further information on how to access Q-MATIC reports go to: Field Assistance Q-MATIC Headquarters issues weekly National/Area Wait Time Reports (Weekly Score Card) to the Area Directors. These reports identify, by category, peak and non-peak traffic patterns.

  3. The Wait Time Report (Weekly Score Card) measures the following categories:

    • Total Walk-In Contacts

    • Customers with Forms

    • Total Returns

    • Tax Law Questions

    • Account Work Notices

    • Other FA Contacts

      Note:

      All Wait Time Reports only include data from the Full Q-MATC sites.

1.4.11.11.2  (12-01-2005)
Q-MATIC Ticket Process

  1. All Field Assistance groups will use a standard process for directing customers on using Q-MATIC. The processes for Full Q-MATIC and Q-LITE/Hybrid sites are defined below.

    1. Full Q-MATIC Sites - Group Manager sets Q-MATIC priority based on available employees, number of appointments, and expected traffic.

    1. Customer enters TAC and selects a Q-MATIC ticket or is assisted in selecting a ticket by the IAR.

    2. ITAS who are assigned to work appointments will be prioritized to receive that work ahead of other categories.

    3. Customers wanting to pick up a blank form or to make a payment should have priority or have the IAR or one ITAS dedicated to work these issues. The IARs first priority is always to ensure customers have received a Q-MATIC ticket. When there is no line of customers the IAR can assist customers needing forms or payments.

    4. Filing Season return preparation appointment procedures: Customers requesting return preparation are screened for eligibility. If customer does not meet return preparation criteria close out contact using appropriate return prep screening closing code. If customer meets criteria and an appointment is immediately available, place customer in the holding queue and close ticket after return is completed. If customer meets criteria and an appointment is made for a future time, close out the contact using the return preparation screening closing code. If there is no Q-MATIC system at the return preparation workstation, ITAS should use walk direct to capture contact.

  2. Q-LITE/Hybrid Sites:

    1. Customer enters TAC and takes a Q-NOVA ticket.

    2. Customers are handled on a first come, first serve basis except for the following:
      a) Customers wanting to pick up a blank form or to make a payment should be given priority whenever possible. For example, before calling the next ticket number the ITAS could ask the waiting customers if anyone just needed a blank form or to make a payment by check and has a current notice. These customers would be assisted first to alleviate waiting room congestion and because the contacts are fairly quick. Walk direct should be input for each of these customers as they are helped.
      b) Customers with appointments would be called as close to their appointment time as possible.

    3. Filing Season return preparation appointment procedures:
      a) Customers requesting return preparation are screened for eligibility.
      b) If customer does not meet return preparation criteria, close out contact using appropriate return prep screening closing code.
      c) If customer meets criteria and an appointment is immediately available, place them in the holding queue and close ticket after return is completed.
      d) If customer meets criteria and an appointment is made for a future time, close out the contact using the return preparation screening closing code.

1.4.11.12  (12-01-2005)
Communicating Effectively

  1. Good communication skills are essential to engage your employees and share timely information throughout your TACs.

  2. Establish and maintain effective lines of communication within and outside your activity. Ensure that all appropriate information is disseminated to the TAC employees and employees that provide backup assistance.

  3. Oral communication should be expressed in a precise and meaningful way. Whenever possible, you should contact your employees personally.

1.4.11.13  (04-15-2008)
Field Assistance Training Program

  1. Field Assistance has established a Training Program to identify, develop and deliver training to all Field Assistance employees including analysts, managers, clerical/administrative staff and TAC employees. Training delivery varies based on several factors including efficiency and cost effectiveness. Training delivery methods include CENTRA, Net Meeting, Continuing Professional Education (CPE), Self-Directed Learning Modules (SDLM), Group Meetings or Classroom.

  2. All Field Assistance employees (including all levels of management) are required to complete Mandatory Briefings on Ethics, Prevention of Sexual Harassment (POSH), No FEAR (alternates yearly with POSH), Safety and Health, as well as Information Protection Briefing which includes Privacy/Disclosure, Computer Security, and UNAX every year. Form 11370, Certification of Annual UNAX Briefing, must be completed and forwarded to the next level of management. In addition, new employees must complete the briefings within the timeframes listed below.

    • Ethics - Within 90 days of being hired.

    • POSH - Within 60 days of being hired.

    • Information Protection Briefing (includes Privacy/Disclosure, Computer Security, and UNAX) - Within 10 days of being hired (or seasonal employee return).

    • Safety and Health - Within 30 days of being hired.

    • No FEAR - Within 60 days of being hired.

1.4.11.13.1  (07-18-2007)
Field Assistance TAC Technical Employee Training

  1. To ensure technical employees working in TACs have sufficient, effective training an ITAS curriculum has been developed. Topics in this curriculum include:

    • Mandatory Briefings

    • Security

    • Communication

    • Taxpayer Rights

    • Basic Tax Law

    • Intermediate Tax Law

    • Intermediate Accounts

    • Advanced Tax Law

    • Advanced Accounts

  2. In addition to completing the ITAS curriculum, all technical employees must attend Continuing Professional Education (CPE) each year. Contact the Training Coordinator for your Area for information on CPE schedules.

  3. Employee training history should be kept up-to-date on the Enterprise Learning Management System (ELMS). If corrections are needed, complete Form 12201 and forward to the Training Coordinator for your Area. Contact the Training Coordinator to enroll employees in training classes, or determine the course availability via CENTRA.

1.4.11.13.1.1  (01-19-2007)
Providing On-the-Job Training (OJT)

  1. OJT will be provided to develop employee knowledge, skills, and abilities to deliver quality service to TAC customers. On-the-Job Instructors (OJI) will be provided appropriate time to work with assigned trainees. Managers are responsible for ensuring OJT is provided.

  2. Managers should assign OJI responsibility to Senior ITAS whenever possible. However, it is permissible to assign OJI responsibility to Subject Matter Experts other than Senior ITAS.

1.4.11.13.1.2  (07-18-2007)
Directed Learning

  1. Field Assistance Group Managers are required to provide one hour of uninterrupted time each week for directed learning of technical issues. Self-Directed Learning Modules (SDLM) have been developed for this purpose. A list of available SDLMs can be found at Self-Directed Learning Modules

  2. Time allotted for directed learning can also be used to cover other training needs identified by Quality Review results, as well as policy, procedural, and technical changes made during the year.

1.4.11.13.2  (07-18-2007)
Training for Field Assistance Group Managers

  1. Field Assistance Group Managers (GM) must be trained in Field Assistance policies, procedures, and systems to effectively manage a TAC. All Field Assistance GMs are required to complete the "Managing A TAC" course. This course covers topics such as Manager Interaction, Evaluating Employees, Security, TAC Services, Filing Season Readiness, and Timekeeping. GMs should also plan to attend CPE each year.

  2. GMs also share in the responsibility of ensuring employees are adequately trained. See IRM 1.4.11.13.1 for information that will assist GMs with this responsibility.

1.4.11.13.3  (04-15-2008)
Roles and Responsibilities

  1. This section discusses the roles and responsibilities of those who develop, update, and review training material, and those responsible for training delivery. Project Leads, Program Analysts, and Training Analysts all have vital roles in ensuring quality training material exists and is taught in the most efficient, effective manner.

1.4.11.13.3.1  (01-19-2007)
Project Leaders

  1. Project Leaders are responsible for ensuring quality training material is developed and delivered for the projects they lead. Below is a list of required duties. Additional duties may be added by the Director, Field Assistance as needed.

    1. Identify and clearly define all training needs. Training needs for projects must be submitted to the Field Assistance Headquarters Training Analyst to be included with the overall training needs assessment for Field Assistance.

    2. Submit justification for all resource requirements for Director, Field Assistance approval i.e. equipment, travel, tools, training, course development needs, etc.

    3. Develop and monitor training plan and expenditures. This includes verifying timely, accurate input of travel authorizations and vouchers.

      Note:

      Ensure that reporting instructions, travel authorizations and vouchers have the correct funding codes. Each voucher must contain the assigned Internal Order Code, formerly PCAS. Contact the Headquarters training analyst if an Internal Order Code is needed.

    4. Provide training plan, delivery and expenditure updates to Training Coordinators.

      Note:

      Contact the Field Assistance Headquarters training analyst for the schedule of report due dates.

    5. Identify new and revised course development needs, including Job aids.

    6. Identify number of SME(s) needed for course or job aid development.

    7. Brief the Director, Field Assistance on project status.

    8. Identify Outsource training needs.

    9. Consult with Field Assistance Headquarters Training Analyst for guidance as needed (i.e. determining who are the stakeholders, what are the training deliverables, when course development should start, class room locations, specific classroom needs (i.e. computers, projectors, etc.), how to deliver (e-learning, classroom, etc.), and objectives.

    10. Adhere to off-site training approval requirements, including cost comparisons.

1.4.11.13.3.2  (01-19-2007)
Field Assistance Headquarters Training Analyst

  1. Field Assistance Headquarters training analysts are responsible for overall oversight of the Field Assistance training plan. Below is a list of required duties. Additional duties may be added by the Director, Field Assistance as needed.

    1. Coordinate efforts to assess Field Assistance training needs. Once the Learning Product Development Plan (LPDP), Training Needs Assessment (TNA) document, and Training Delivery Plan are approved by the Director, Field Assistance, they must be timely submitted to CARE.

      Note:

      Director, Field Assistance must approve and sign these documents.

    2. Get input for TNA projections/development from the following sources:
      -Quality reports,
      -ELMS employee history,
      -Area Training Coordinators,
      -Headquarters Program Analysts for new workload (new ITAS work, new Project, etc.), and
      -Director, Field Assistance for priority needs.

    3. Incorporate Project spending and training development plan into overall FA Training Plan.

    4. Issue final training delivery plan and LPDP with Project managers, Area Training Coordinators, and L&E Each Project manager and Area should receive only their portion of the plan.

    5. Monitor and update Director, Field Assistance on training plan changes in scope, timelines or deliverables. Copy L&E and Area Training Coordinators.

    6. Keep Director, Field Assistance and appropriate staff informed of emerging issues, non-adherence to procedures that may jeopardize budget reports, etc.

    7. Review classroom evaluation data in ELMS for course improvement needs. This information must be provided to L&E and/or SMEs for course development.

    8. Draft Deputy Director, Field Assistance E-mail to solicit for annual SME cadre. The Statement of Interest document was developed for this purpose.

      Note:

      SMEs should primarily consist of GS-11 employees. GS-9 employees can also be used but should be the minority. If GS-9 employees are the majority, Director, Field Assistance must be notified immediately.

    9. Develop Instructor solicitation template and requirements.

      Note:

      Instructors will primarily consist of GS-11 employees. If GS-9 employees are the majority, the Director, Field Assistance must be notified.

    10. Request new Internal Order codes for courses from Finance if needed.

    11. Coordinate with Finance and CARE Program Management prior to revising budget (including changes to Area or Project allocations, moving funding from one Area to another, etc.). Include affected Area analyst in coordination if appropriate.

    12. Ensure Finance posts the IFS report to the U-Drive. All budget reports will be developed using this IFS report.

    13. Coordinate annual Training Coordinators conference/training.

    14. Publish reporting due dates for the year.

1.4.11.13.3.3  (01-19-2007)
Area Training and Budget Analysts

  1. Field Assistance Area training and budget analysts are responsible for overall oversight of the Field Assistance training plan for their Area. Assignment of the duties is determined by the Area Director. Below is a list of required duties. Additional duties may be added by the Director, Field Assistance or Area Director as needed.

    1. Coordinate efforts to assess Area’s training needs. Training needs are submitted to Headquarters for consolidation. The following sources should be used to help determine Area training needs: Quality reports, ELMS employee history, and Field input.

    2. Provide guidance and support on training issues to all field managers and employees.

    3. Monitor Area training delivery and budget. A schedule has been developed to determine when training delivery and budget reports are due to Headquarters.

      Note:

      Ensure Headquarters is aware of possible budget surpluses or deficits.

    4. Establish contingencies for other training needs in advance that will be implemented if there is a budget surplus.

    5. Serve as Area training contact point.

    6. Serve as host for classes. Host duties include the following: Responsible for roster for hosted classes, share roster with affected Area analysts, and post final roster to U-drive. If the roster posted is not the final roster, label it "interim" .

    7. Evaluate training classes and review evaluations. Suggestions to improve future classes should be shared with the Headquarters training analyst.

    8. Ensure evaluations are received from instructors at the end of each class and forwarded to L&E for ELMS input.

    9. Verify class registration is complete in ELMS. If not, contact ELMS support.

    10. Verify travel authorizations are input prior to students attending class and accurate travel codes are used.

    11. Verify travel vouchers are input within 5 days after class completion and accurate travel codes are used.

    12. Solicit for and keep current a list of instructors, SMEs and OJIs for the Area.

    13. Ensure all employees receive training required by the job. A curriculum has been developed for ITAS. Use this curriculum to help determine training gaps.

      Note:

      Employee’s training history must be kept up-to-date in ELMS.

    14. Coordinate CENTRA sessions, CENTRA orientation for new employees, identify instructors, set up sessions, provide material for sessions, create and maintain roster.

    15. Other Training Delivery and Scheduling: Block hotel accommodations, schedule classroom(s), solicitation of instructors, develop class roster, revise reporting instructions language to match TRAS prior to issuing, identify course requirements and supplies, identify equipment needs including Reasonable Accommodations, get technical support - i.e. MITS, coordinate off-site alternate location training space and equipment needs. Use of non-CMLC space is not recommended. If you determine an off-site location is needed, you must complete and forward to Headquarters for approval, a request for approval to use the off-site location and a cost comparison.

1.4.11.13.3.4  (01-19-2007)
Group Manager Responsibilities

  1. Group Managers (GM) play a vital role in the Field Assistance Training Program. They must ensure training curriculums are completed for themselves as well as their employees. Below is a list of duties that will help determine training needs.

    1. Review training history in ELMS, EQ, and TAB results for each employee. If discrepancies are discovered in the training history, complete Form 12201, ELMS Learning/Teaching History, and submit to your Area Training Analyst.

    2. Based upon the review, assess what training an employee needs and schedule training through ELMS, use SDLM, or contact your Area Training Analyst for guidance.

    3. Provide Area Training Analyst the employee’s training needs.

    4. Help employees put into practice training skills learned by assigning them work to reinforce those skills.

    5. Ensure employees receive OJT/OJI support.

    6. Ensure employee received additional training for technical classes based on recommendations made by the instructor in the course developmental guide.

    7. Track the completion of directed learning lessons.

    8. Ensure travel advances are accurately input prior to attending class and that at the conclusion of training classes, travel vouchers are submitted for approval within 5 days after class end.

    9. Review travel vouchers for correct funding codes. Direct any discrepancies or questions to the area training analyst.

1.4.11.13.3.5  (01-19-2007)
Instructor Responsibilities

  1. Instructors should make every effort to ensure classes are effectively and efficiently taught. Students should be actively engaged in each lesson. Timelines assigned to courses should be closely adhered to unless and exception is granted in advance. Exceptions will be communicated by your Area Training Analyst. Additional duties are listed below.

    1. Ensure class roster is received from Area Training Analyst.

    2. Verify student attendance in class for names listed on the roster. If a student does not attend or is replaced, notate this on the roster.

    3. Return final class roster to Area Training Analyst at the end of each class.

    4. Reinforce the necessity of course evaluations and comments. Class evaluations and comments from students and instructors are used as appropriate during course updates.

    5. Make available and reinforce the use of correct travel codes on travel vouchers.

    6. Reinforce the need for travel vouchers to be filed when the employee returns to the office.

1.4.11.13.3.6  (04-15-2008)
Internal Order Codes

  1. Internal order codes have been developed to assist with tracking funding spent within the Training program. These codes are to be used when preparing travel authorizations and vouchers for Training travel.

    Internal Order Codes Explanation
    ARTR1 Accounting Competency
    CAMC2 CARE All Managers’ Meeting
    E4442 Field Assistance HQ Funded Training
    FABMF BMF Adjustments- Employment Tax Training
    FAACS ACS Basic Training
    FAAJ1 Field Assistance IMF Basic Adjustments
    FAAJ2 Field Assistance IMF Adjustments - Inter
    FAAJ3 Field Assistance BMF & Employment Tax Adjustments
    FAAVI Field Assistance Advanced Issues
    FABAL Resolution of IMF Balance Due Inquiries
    FABLS Specialist 3
    FABMF Employment Tax Law Training
    FACIT Classroom Instructor Training - Field Assistance
    FACPE CPE for Field Assistance
    FACRE Field Assistance ITAS Core Training
    FACTR CITC Refresher
    FAEQ1 Field Assistance Embedded Quality Travel
    FAFSA Hybrid ITAS Curriculum Delivery (Limited Use)
    FACPE CPE for FA
    FAIAR IAR Training FA
    FAITL Intermediate Individual Tax Returns & Tax Law
    FAIRA IRAs, Pensions and Annuities FA
    FABAL Resolution of IMF Balance Due Inquiries
    FANH1 New Hiring Training Part 1
    FANH2 New Hiring Training Part 2 FA
    AJ1 IMF Adjustments - Basic
    FAAJ2 IMF Adjustments - Intermediate
    FACIT Classroom Instructor Training - FA
    FASEC CPE for Secretaries and Management Assistants
    FATAC Managing A TAC
    MGCPE Managerial CPE
    NHR21 Human Resources Investment Fund (HRIF) - BU
    NHR23 Human Resources Investment Fund (HRIF) - NBU
    NHS25 Scholarship Pilot Program
    OJTCH On-The-Job Training/Coaching
    WLEPC Executive CPE
    WLEMT Management Training (Non HQ FLITE)
    WREOF (Recognized) Employee Organizations

1.4.11.14  (07-18-2007)
Field Assistance Engagement Plan

  1. Field Assistance Managers will create an engagement plan that defines how they will involve their employees to improve workgroup processes and relationships.

  2. The goal of the engagement plan is to enhance employee participation in improving business measures/results. This will demonstrate to employees that their opinion counts and should result in measurable improvement in a specific business goal, process or problem.

  3. At a minimum, the engagement plan will include:

    • Problem/process within the workgroup's control to improve

    • How the problem/process is connected to the Survey, Business Plan, and Performance Management System

    • Specify how the workforce will be enabled

    • What will be communicated and how

    • How will the workforce be motivated

    • How will success be celebrated

    • Timelines

    • Feedback mechanisms, and

    • Quantitative and qualitative measurements.

  4. Managers will conduct workgroup meetings, employing the engagement process, and begin identifying barriers/challenges to improvement, solicit ideas, and create work group buy-in for improvement.

  5. Workgroup meetings will be off line so that employees in each group can work as a team even if it means closing the TAC for the day.

1.4.11.15  (11-01-2008)
Quality Assurance and Review Process

  1. In order to provide quality service to customers, it is imperative that you observe employees on an on going basis, and provide timely feedback to enhance their skills.

  2. Effective October 1, 2006 Field Assistance (FA) contracted with the Joint Operations Center’s Centralized Quality Review Section (CQRS) to measure FA Tax Law and Accounts Quality through the use of Contact Recording. The results of the reviews are placed on the National Quality Review System (NQRS) and are valid at the Area level quarterly. Area Quality Analysts and group managers have access to all reviews and can share them but the results will not be evaluative to the individual employee. Quality Reviewers complete the reviews for NQRS.

  3. Since FA quality will be measured with CQRS review results, EQRS no longer has to maintain a statistically valid number of reviews for quality purposes. The number of reviews will be driven by operational considerations, not the quality program. Field Assistance Group Managers will continue to use the Embedded Quality Review System (EQRS) to review counter contacts on Tax Law, Accounts, Return Preparation, and Procedural Issues. This system provides managers a data collection template for each contact, with quality attributes tied to the employees critical job elements (CJEs) and the quality measures (Accuracy, Professionalism, and Timeliness), providing an objective, consistent assessment of employee performance. Refer to the EQ websitelink for more information.

  4. The definition of the Product Line reviewed on EQRS is outlined below: The Field Assistance Product Line includes four Specialized Product Review Groups (SPRGs). They are:

    • FA Return Preparation - Used whenever the contact includes 1040-series direct return preparation or complete 2290 tax return preparation.

    • FA Tax Law - Used whenever the customer contact involves only a pure tax law issue.

    • FA Accounts – Used whenever the employee discloses account information or inputs adjustments.

    • FA Procedural - Used whenever the contact contains a procedural component and does not fit into any of the above SPRGs.

    Note:

    See "What SPRG should I Use for this Review" flowchart on the EQ website under Job Aids.

  5. Field Assistance Managers must also monitor quality service by reviewing work, other than counter contacts, performed by their employees. Review of this work is not entered into the EQRS database. This may include but is not limited to written referrals, remittance reviews, security checks, time utilization, OJI, and/or teaching assignments. These types of reviews may be documented on Form 6067 Employee Performance Folder Record. The form can be found at: Publishing Catalog.

  6. Review guidelines should address the following areas:

    • Direct observation (except for written work)

    • Recorded contacts

    • Timeliness of feedback

    • Documentation of results

  7. There are specific Embedded Quality Roles and Responsibilities for ITAS/CSRs, Group Managers, Territory Managers, and Area Directors/Quality Analysts. See Exhibit 1.4.11-7. which outlines the Embedded Quality Roles and Responsibilities.

  8. The primary goal of the Embedded Quality Review System (EQRS) is to enable Group Managers (GMs) to provide employees evaluative, meaningful feedback. Meaningful feedback for customer accuracy is the top priority; this is where you will document whether the contact was correct or incorrect. See Exhibit 1.4.11-8Guidelines for Writing FA EQ Remarks.

1.4.11.15.1  (07-18-2007)
Methods to Achieve Quality Service

  1. As a manager of a TAC, you need to help your employees achieve quality assistance goals. These goals consist of:

    1. Maintaining professional courtesy

    2. Controlling the direction of the contact

    3. Giving accurate and complete assistance

  2. The most effective and efficient way to maintain and enhance the quality of service provided is by monitoring or directly observing the performance of employees.

  3. Routine monitoring using Contact Recording and/or direct observation process allows you to:

    1. Determine areas for improvement in a timely manner

    2. Identify the causes of problems

    3. Take necessary actions to resolve problematic situations

    4. Serve as a role-model

    5. Identify training needs

    .

  4. In order to monitor effectively, you should do the following:

    1. Establish a monitoring plan

    2. Identify performance standards

    3. Develop a monitoring schedule

  5. When analyzing quality service performance trends, consider the following:

    1. Documenting performance trends

    2. Determining performance deficiencies on which to take action

    3. Identifying causes of performance deficiencies

    4. Identifying and implementing solutions

    5. Obtaining and reviewing customer feedback

    6. Identifying training needs

    7. Developing Employee Career Learning Plan Form 10094

1.4.11.15.2  (11-01-2008)
Review Process and Types of Review

  1. The effectiveness of a TAC operation is enhanced by the level of the managers involvement and commitment to the overall review process. See Exhibit 1.4.11-9 which contains a consolidated listing of all reviews, reports and certifications to be performed by the manager. See Exhibit 1.4.11-10for a listing of the mandatory reviews, reports and certifications to be performed by the manager. See Exhibit 1.4.11-11 Review Plan of Group Manager Mandatory Reviews as a tool for monitoring the completion of the mandatory reviews.

  2. Field Assistance Contact Recording (FACR) and/or Direct Observation are the methods used in monitoring the quality of assistance that employees provide taxpayers.

  3. You should ensure this is accomplished in such a way as to cause the least disturbance to the employee and taxpayer.

  4. During Direct Observation avoid being drawn into the conversation between the taxpayer and the employee. As much as possible, you should attempt to stay in the background. ( Initiate a private conversation with the employee to ensure a customer doesn’t leave with inaccurate or incomplete information, such as asking the employee to step away to join you in the review of a new document related to the customer's issue. )

  5. Technical accuracy and timeliness of responses should be evaluated, as well courtesy and professionalism.

  6. Review written documents prepared by the FA employee to ensure a quality work product. The documents may include but are not limited to:

    • Form 4442 , Inquiry Referral

    • Form 3913 , Acknowledgment of Returned Refund Check

    • Form 911 , Request for Taxpayer Advocate Service Assistance (And Application for Taxpayer Assistance Order)

    • Form 3244, Payment Posting Voucher

    • Form 2063, Alien Clearance

    • Form 8109B, Federal Tax Deposit (FTD) form - Over the Counter Version

    • Form 433–D, Installment Agreement

    • Form 2159, Payroll Deduction Agreement

    • Letters/quicknotes to taxpayers

    • Documents pertaining to notice accounts

    • IDRS Adjustments

    • DI documentation

    • Form 809, Receipt for Payment of Taxes

  7. Review administrative documents to ensure they are timely and accurately completed. These include the following:

    • Form 5311, Taxpayer Service Activity Report

    • Form 3210, Transmittal of Documents (both remittance and non remittance) Document Review Plan – See Exhibit 1.4.11-11.

    • Form 795, Daily Report of Collection Activity Document Review Plan – See Exhibit 1.4.11-11.

    • RRA 98 Section 3709 Call Tracking Worksheet

  8. Q-MATIC reports provide information regarding types of contact(s), taxpayer waiting time, and time spent per contact. Locations without Q-MATIC must use Form 6148 to record this information.

    Note:

    Do a periodic matching of information on Form 5311 against information on individual Q-MATIC report.

  9. The review of Form 3210 will assist you in determining the timely forwarding of returns, remittances and Forms W-7.

  10. TACs where IAR/Secretary or Managers are located must reconcile Form 795 of other employees before submission to the appropriate Submission Processing Center. This reconciliation must be completed and not delay the transmission of the remittance packages. Remittance must be transmitted the day of receipt or the next business day.

1.4.11.15.2.1  (07-18-2007)
Embedded Quality Review Plan

  1. Like any other management activity, preparation is the key factor in accomplishing effective reviews. Establishing a review plan is essential.

  2. In developing a review plan you must consider the following:

    • Group Managers’ EQ responsibilities. See Exhibit 1.4.11-7.

    • EQRS Performance Reviews (PR) are reviews used to measure employee performance.

    • Other work performed by FA employees such as referrals and teachings assignments should be incorporated in the manager’s review plan.

      Note:

      These reviews are not input to EQRS.

  3. FA managers should consider the following requirements as they develop a review plan.

    • Annual appraisals

    • Mid-Year appraisals

  4. Your time as a manager is valuable and you have many responsibilities. Therefore, you should prepare for your reviews to enable you to accomplish them as efficiently as possible. It is essential that you have EQ job aids, along with technical and procedural reference material readily available to you ensure you can properly complete your reviews.

  5. In developing a review schedule, you must consider planned meetings, training, remote office visits, and leave.

  6. More effective schedules are prepared on a quarterly or monthly basis.

1.4.11.15.2.2  (07-18-2007)
Review Documentation

  1. All reviews should be documented to provide meaningful feedback. It is essential that you promptly document and share the contact observed in accordance with the National Agreement. This will ensure that you don't forget important details of the direct observation.

  2. Effective documentation is an essential part of the review process. It is the factual basis for feedback to the employee. For EQRS reviews the documentation is entered on a Data Collection Instrument (DCI). There are three sections to enter remarks as follows:

    • Customer Issue(s)

    • Employee Action/Response

    • Summary Feedback

  3. For an EQRS review, use the FA EQRS job aid and the Guidelines for Writing FA EQRS Remarks, to effectively document the review. See Exhibit 1.4.11-8 in this IRM entitled Guidelines for Writing FA EQ Remarks.

  4. For reviews of other work, not input into EQRS, you can use Form 6067 to document the reviews.

1.4.11.15.2.3  (12-01-2005)
Effective Feedback

  1. Timely, continuous feedback is essential in the development of the skills your employees will need to provide quality service to our taxpayers. Group Managers should:

    1. Engage employees as partners in the identification and resolution of problems.

    2. Maintain and foster open, honest communication.

    3. Celebrate success.

    4. Continually reinforce organizational goals by sharing business results and identifying opportunities for improvement.

  2. Your feedback should be timely and identify specific performance.

  3. You should have periodic counseling sessions with each employee to discuss his/her progress, self-help techniques, and meet and deal skills with customers.

  4. It is important that you share positive as well as negative feedback with the employee in order to:

    1. Focus on the employee's overall job performance by building on strengths and addressing weaknesses.

    2. Develop and reinforce the employee's commitment to Field Assistance operational goals.

    3. Provide support and motivation.

  5. Reinforce positive performance attributes and share feedback in a constructive manner, offering suggestions to ensure corrective measures are taken to improve overall customer service.

  6. Whenever possible, provide feedback in-person. Employees located in outlying TACs may need to be contacted by telephone, followed by written feedback.

1.4.11.15.2.4  (12-01-2005)
Optimizing Field Assistance Tax Law Accuracy

  1. Every employee in Field Assistance, from executive level to the Initial Assistance Representative (IAR), is expected to provide the highest level of quality service possible to each of our customers.

  2. Quality service is defined as courteous and professional behavior, providing correct and complete answers to all taxpayer inquiries within the FA scope of services (including tax law, return preparation, account, and procedural inquiries) and following established referral procedures to assist taxpayers with inquiries beyond the scope of FA services or beyond an individual’s skill level and training.

  3. FA Group Managers play an integral role in achieving quality customer service in our TACs.

  4. In order to achieve quality customer service FA Group Managers should do the following:

    1. Develop and maintain a good working knowledge of all tax law, accounts, and procedural topics within scope and the references available for research for these items.

    2. Develop and maintain knowledge of FA tax return preparation guidelines and procedures.

    3. Develop and maintain knowledge of EQRS (including job aids) and the coding consistency goals for Field Assistance.

    4. Develop and maintain knowledge of the publication method for all in scope tax law inquiries and the procedures for using the Interactive Tax Law Assistant/Publication Method Guide (ITLA/PMG) for covered tax law topics.

    5. Complete reviews and share feedback with employees in a timely manner.

    6. Prepare objective documentation. (Do not excuse errors or assume they will not be repeated.)

    7. Communicate effectively and honestly about performance that does not meet fully successful levels.

    8. Work with employees to develop action plans (including completion dates for each activity) that will improve their performance, and ensure that action plans are implemented by the established date.

      Note:

      It is beneficial to attach the action plan to monitoring documentation in the Employee Performance File (EPF)

      .

    9. Use performance documentation as a basis for employee improvement action plans and, if necessary, counseling and/or disciplinary action.

    10. Provide specific topics for each employee in connection with the weekly directed learning activity (1 hour) and track the issues provided and employee progress.

      Note:

      Document directed learning activities in each employee’s EPF

      .

    11. Have employees conduct directed learning (role-play) sessions within the group.

1.4.11.15.2.5  (07-18-2007)
Technical Assessment Battery (TAB)/Employee Tax Law Certification

  1. The TAB is a comprehensive assessment designed to identify the technical training needs of employees working in the TACs. This on-line instrument assesses technical knowledge important for resolving taxpayer inquiries handled in these TACs. There are assessment modules and case study scenarios that have been developed to assess employee training needs and to replace the certification process.

1.4.11.15.3  (11-01-2008)
Annual Appraisals

  1. The performance appraisal serves as a record of performance to support, recommend, and initiate such actions as within-grade pay increases, promotions, awards, reassignments, demotions, or separations and to provide the employee with a basis for further training and development, and to improve the performance of individual employees.

  2. Annual appraisals will be completed for employees based upon the last digit of the employee’s social security number. They are due by the last day of the month following the end of the employee’s rating period.

  3. Annual appraisals will be documented on Form 6850 BU, Bargaining Unit Performance Appraisal and Recognition Election. Form 6850 BU must be entered into HR Connect, e-Performance.

  4. See Exhibit 1.4.11-13, Annual Appraisal Due Dates.

1.4.11.15.4  (11-01-2008)
Operational Reviews and Follow-Up

  1. Operational Reviews will be conducted annually. Headquarters’ staff will conduct reviews of the Area Offices; the Area Offices will conduct reviews of the Territories; and the Territories will conduct reviews of the Groups.

  2. The Director of Field Assistance on an annual basis, may suggest additional areas of emphasis based on the Program Letter and Commitments.

  3. The reviews at a minimum will include:

    1. Ensuring the accuracy of the responses to the annual review requirements in IRM 1.4.2.6Annual Assurance Review Process.

    2. Review Field Assistance required reviews (e.g. employee appraisals, employee performance reviews, payment processing reviews and physical/data security requirements). See Exhibit 1.4.11-12 and See Exhibit 1.4.11-10.

    3. Identify actions taken on the yearly Program Letter.

  4. An Operational Review Follow-Up will include a summary of actions described, date to be completed and the responsible official. The review may include best practices that can be shared with others. The follow-up items will be reported until the established monthly reporting processes have been completed.

1.4.11.15.5  (11-01-2008)
Midyear Progress Review

  1. Midyear Progress Review discussions should indicate progress on critical performance expectations as well as any necessary adjustments to those expectations providing employees with ongoing, formal feedback during the appraisal period.

  2. The progress review must be documented in writing to aid discussion and to verify that it has taken place. However, you are not required to write a comprehensive narrative as you would for an appraisal. If the employee is performing at a fully successful or better level, the narrative need only address the employee's overall performance in general terms, without the specificity required for an annual appraisal.

  3. However, if the employee's performance is less than fully successful, you need to give more specific information and include a plan of action to assist the employee to improve.

  4. Elements must be noted in the progress review. The manager will advise the employee of the level of performance required and provide examples of both strong and weak areas of performance.

  5. The date that the Midyear discussion was held must be entered into HR Connect, e-Performance.

1.4.11.15.6  (11-01-2008)
Departure Appraisals

  1. Departure appraisals serve as a record of performance that is issued when an employee or the Group Manager (rating official) moves from a permanent or temporary assignment to another permanent assignment.

  2. Departure appraisals must be completed within 30 days of the departure of either the employee or manager. To receive a departure appraisal, the employee's performance must have been observed under a signed performance plan for at least 60 days.

  3. Departure appraisals will be documented on Form 6850 BU, Bargaining Unit Performance Appraisal and Recognition Election. A signature by a reviewing official is not required unless the departure appraisal will also be used as the employee’s annual rating of record.

1.4.11.15.7  (07-18-2007)
Engaging Quality Activities

  1. Engaging employees in the decision making process impacts customer service and employee satisfaction.

  2. You should collaborate with and involve employees in problem solving and in developing creative ideas to achieve business results.

  3. Elements that are key to engaging your employees are:

    • Motivating your employees

    • Communicating organizational goals to your employees

    • Enabling employees with tools and information to positively impact goals of the Service

    • Celebrating successes

  4. It is recommended that you take time during regularly weekly scheduled group meetings to engage employees in this important part of their job.

  5. Refer to the Management Tool for Engaging the Workforce Workshop, Student Guide at the following web address cledocs/engage_student_guide.pdf

1.4.11.16  (07-18-2007)
Employee and Manager Recognition Program

  1. Field Assistance is committed to providing a quality work environment that includes recognition of employee performance and contributions.

  2. Two objectives should guide Group Managers and employees in Field Assistance regarding the work environment:

    1. People should want to come to work every day.

    2. People should be motivated to do their best every day.

  3. Employee surveys reveal that there is room for improvement in how we show appreciation and recognize superior performance on a daily basis.

  4. Group Managers should explore non-traditional means for recognizing superior performance on a daily basis and get feedback from their employees as to what types of recognition would be meaningful in their own groups.

  5. Some guiding principles for employee recognition (based on industry research include):

    1. When good work is observed, the recognition should be as immediate as possible.

    2. Recognition is a two-way process. Managers should recognize good work in employees. Employees should recognize good work from their managers.

    3. Recognition need not be highly structured or expensive.

    4. The bulk of the recognition process should come from the source closest to the employee of manager (i.e. the local or group level).

  6. The goal of the Employee and Manager Recognition program is to supplement existing programs designed to award exemplary performance and to develop ideas, policies and paradigms that will allow us to enhance the goals that those awards exist to achieve.

    For further guidance on the Field Assistance Employee and Manager Recognition Program See Exhibit 1.4.11-5.

1.4.11.17  (11-01-2008)
Disclosure/Protection of Taxpayer Information

  1. Be aware of disclosure and security issues at all times. Continual public contact in the sensitive area of taxes increases the opportunity for unauthorized disclosure or breach in security to occur.

  2. Requests for access to taxpayer account information can come from many parties -- the taxpayer, their authorized representatives, and sometimes from unauthorized individuals. You must be certain, before giving out any account information, that the person requesting access is either the taxpayer, their authorized representative, or someone else with a legitimate material interest.

  3. See IRM 11.3.2, Disclosure to Persons with a Material Interest, and IRM 11.3.3, Disclosure to Designees and Practitioners, for discussions and examples of material interest and authorized designees and IRM 21.1.3, Operational Guidelines Overview, for procedures for authenticating taxpayer/designee identities and access to information.

1.4.11.17.1  (07-18-2007)
Media Contacts

  1. The Field Media Relations Specialist serves as the focal point for contacts made by the media. Normally media representatives will contact the Field Media Relations to make inquiries or to arrange for contacts with other Service officials.

  2. There have been instances where the media representative may come directly to the TAC. In such instances, it is important that the employee contacted refers the media representative to the Field Media Relations Specialist or the Field Media Relations Office.

1.4.11.17.2  (11-01-2008)
Compliance with Security Standards

  1. Ensure compliance with the security standards contained in IRM 10.8, Information Technology(IT) Security. Additional guidelines can also be found in IRM 21.1.3, Operational Guidelines Overview.

  2. It is important that you have a basic working knowledge of security requirements for tax return information, remittances, IDRS passwords, date and disclaimer stamps, and Law Enforcement Manuals (LEM). Minimum security standards for those areas are contained in IRM 10.8, Information Technology(IT) Security.

  3. IRS laptop users shall be responsible for securing their laptops at all times. For additional information on protecting data using the Encrypted File System and securing your laptop see IRM 10.8.26.

  4. Managers are required to conduct one functional security review per quarter for each TAC using Form 12149, Functional Security Review for Managers..

1.4.11.17.3  (07-28-2006)
Disclaimer and Date Stamp

  1. Disclaimer stamps are to be used by FA as well as other Service employees to stamp and date all self-help returns they have prepared. Only those returns that a FA employee has assisted in preparing and has been left by the taxpayer for further IRS processing must be stamped with a disclaimer.

  2. FA employees must not write on returns, unless the taxpayer is present. Returns the taxpayer takes with him or her for further consideration or for the spouses's signature should not be stamped.

  3. The FA employee is not required to stamp the taxpayer's copy of his/her return unless the taxpayer specifically makes the request.

  4. All self-help returns prepared in the TAC and left for processing by the IRS should be done in accordance with instructions in IRM 21.3.4, Field Assistance.

  5. The various stamps required within IRM 21.3.4 are:

    Stamp Reference
    United States Treasury IRM 21.3.7.1
    Confidential Information to be opened by Addressee Only IRM 21.3.4.7(14) IRM
    Received w/remittance with date IRM 21.3.4.7.1.1
    Received date IRM 21.3.4.7.1.1
    Proof of Delivery Only Not an Official Receipt IRM 21.3.4.7.1.1
    Non-Negotiable IRM 21.3.4.7.2
    Void IRM 21.3.4.7.2
    Self-Help IRM 21.3.4.10.9
    Prepared, but not Audited IRM 21.3.4.10.9
    Reviewed, but not Audited IRM 21.3.4.10.9
  6. Ensure your TAC has a date stamp that reads "Proof of Delivery Only - Not an Official Receipt" for stamping a photocopy of the taxpayer's check or money order when a taxpayer wants proof of a non-cash payment.

    Note:

    Ensure procedures in IRM 21.3.4 and IRM 5.1, General Handbook are followed for accepting cash payments.

  7. All official IRS stamps (UNITED STATES TREASURY, RECEIVED, RECEIVED WITH REMITTANCE, AND PROOF OF DELIVERY ONLY NOT AN OFFICIAL RECEIPT) must be stored in a locking container when not in use.

    Example:

    An employee uses the "IRS RECEIVED" stamp to assist a taxpayer. After assisting the taxpayer, the stamp should not be left on the desk or on top of a file cabinet. The stamp must be immediately secured in a locked container. A locked container can be a file cabinet, desk drawer or similar metal container secured to the workstation or wall.

1.4.11.18  (11-01-2008)
Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS)

  1. The Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS) is an independent organization within the IRS whose employees assist taxpayers who are experiencing economic harm, who are seeking help in resolving tax problems that have not been resolved through normal channels, or who believe that an IRS system or procedure is not working as it should.

  2. The goals of the TAS are to protect individual and business taxpayers rights and to reduce taxpayer burden.

  3. TAS independently represents taxpayer interests and concerns within the IRS by:

    • Ensuring that taxpayer problems which have not been resolved through normal channels, are promptly and fairly handled;

    • Identifying issues that increase burden or create problems for taxpayers, bringing those issues to the attention of IRS management and making legislative proposals where necessary.

  4. TAS has established criteria to identify instances where problems have not been resolved through normal channels.

  5. Each employee should be familiar with TAS referral criteria in accordance with IRM 21.1.3.18, Taxpayer Advocate Service Guidelines.

1.4.11.19  (11-01-2008)
Payment Processing - First Line Manager’s Responsibility

  1. Remittance processing is the most time sensitive work performed in a Taxpayer Assistance Center (TAC). All remittances must be sent via traceable overnight mail on the day of receipt or the next business day. Remittances must be received by the Submission Processing Center within 3 days after receipt to ensure timely processing.

    Exception:

    Form 795s with single remittance payments over $100,000 ($50,000 for Cincinnati Submission Processing Center) must be placed in an envelope and marked "Large Payment" when transmitting to SPC. If a payment over $1M is received, ensure the payment is mailed on the day received, envelope marked "Large Payment" and contact the Field Office Liaison listed for your area to alert them the large remittance is in the mail. See IRM 21.3.4.7.3.1.

  2. Procedures for processing remittances are contained in IRM 21.3.4. Group managers must ensure that they are completely familiar with the procedures.

  3. Payment drop boxes are not authorized in TACs and all payments must be accepted in person.

1.4.11.19.1  (07-18-2007)
Maintaining Form 795/795A Centralized Files

  1. A centralized Form 795 and Form 3210 control file must be maintained by each manager. Form 795 will be used to submit all remittances to the appropriate Submission Processing Center (SPC). The Form 795 will be processed as stated in IRM 21.3.4. Form 3210 should be used when sending documents and used as a document to acknowledge receipt.

  2. Each employee will prepare Form 795 and provide one copy to the group manager (or designee) for control purposes. When Form 3210 is used a copy should be provided for the centralized files and acknowledgements verified.

  3. The manager (or designee) will establish a system to track acknowledged copies of Form 795 and Form 3210 that are not received from the SPC within 10 business days of the date sent to the SPC.

  4. The manager (or designee) will document follow-up with the SPC when Form 795and Form 3210are not received from the SPC within the established timeframe.

  5. The group’s copy of Form 795 and Form 3210 will be maintained for 3 years. Managers of small TACs (1-2 persons) can maintain their files at the office where they are physically located rather than the originating location.

    Note:

    Destroy Forms 795 and 3210 after the three years.

  6. The employee should maintain their copy of the Form 795 and Form 3210until the acknowledgement copy is received from the Submission Processing center. After the acknowledgement copy is received the employee is not required to maintain their copy of the Form 795.

  7. Group managers will develop a system to notify employees when the acknowledged Form 795 and Form 3210 are received from the SPC. The manager can accomplish this by allowing employees access to the acknowledged copies of Form 795 maintained for the group.

  8. The acknowledgement copy of Form 795 and Form 3210 received from SPC must be documented with the date it is received in the TAC.

1.4.11.19.1.1  (07-18-2007)
Supplemental 795

  1. Employees will prepare a supplemental Form 795/795A to transmit remittances that are not submitted timely. The supplemental Form 795/795A is the same as Form 795/795A except that the originator will write "SUPPLEMENTAL" in red on the top of the form.

  2. The group manager will review the Supplemental Form 795 using the same steps outlined in IRM 21.3.4.7.3.1, Preparation of Form 795, Daily Report of Collection Activity, for the preparation of Form 795. In addition, the group manager must ensure the supplemental Form 795 contains the following:

    • The date the items were received,

    • An explanation for the delay written on the reverse side of the original,

    • Field Assistance manager’s signature (indicating approval).

  3. This delinquency will be included in the Late Remittance and Trends and Patterns reports, but Form 5919 will not be issued if no other errors exist with the remittance.

    Note:

    The TAC manager has the discretion of accepting or not accepting the employee’s explanation of the late remittance explanation. If the Form 795 is not approved as a supplemental the employee will receive Form 5919, Teller Error Advice, for the late remittance. The supplemental Form 795 for the late remittance will be included in the monthly Trends and Pattern Report.

1.4.11.19.2  (11-01-2008)
Form 5919 – Teller’s Error Advice

  1. Form 5919Teller’s Error Advice is issued by Submission Processing Centers to inform Field Assistance managers when critical errors are observed on any remittance documents. Forms 5919 are usually issued as an electronic document via E-mail to the TAC manager. Critical errors are those conditions that correlate to potential waste, fraud, abuse, theft, or embezzlement such as late remittances, remittance missing, official receipts issued out of sequence, incorrect money amounts, late cash conversion or missing cash conversion information.

  2. Generally, Field Assistance managers are allowed 15 days from the date of issuance to respond to an electronic Form 5919. If there is a business need, such as a remittance missing, the timeframe for responding will be shortened. Occasionally, Forms 5919 are issued for information purposes only. If so, the block marked ""No Response Necessary" will be checked. An automatic response is generated when the electronic Form 5919is read.

  3. If a Form 5919is not responded to within the requested timeframe, a second Form 5919will be issued by the Submission Processing Center. The E-mail will be clearly marked as "second notice" . The TAC manager will be allowed 5 days to respond to a second notice unless there is a business reason to shorten the response time.

  4. If the second notice is not responded to timely, the territory manager will be contacted. If further information is needed to resolve a Form 5919issue, the issuing Submission Processing Center can provide a copy of the posting document, payment document and Form 795 to the group manager.

  5. It is important to ensure that data on Microsoft Outlook is correct to ensure proper routing of Form 5919. Inform the designated Submission Processing Center Field Office Payment Processing liaison of any changes to managers and the employees assigned to them. An automatic response is generated when the electronic 5919 is read, the SPC uses the date the Form 5919is transmitted as the received date for the manager.

  6. The manager must sign the Form 5919and forward it back to the issuing Submission Processing Center. Managers will share Form 5919notices with the responsible employee and obtain a signature and/or response from the employee.

  7. A listing of the designated Submission Processing sites, a listing of key remittance processing contacts, and additional data regarding remittance processing is available on the Submission Processing website. Once on the site, select the following:

    • Standard Procedures and Aids

    • Field Office Payment Processing

    • Specific Addresses for Field Office Collected Remittances, Key Contacts and Liaison

  8. There must be a control file set up in a centralized area determined by the group manager for all Forms 5919 received by the group. Form 5919must be destroyed after 3 years from the date of issuance, except for 5919’s issued on 809 receipts. Retention of Form 5919on 809’s is 3 years from the date the last Form 809 in the book is issued.

1.4.11.19.2.1  (11-01-2008)
Trends and Patterns Report

  1. The monthly Trends and Patterns report is the vehicle Submission Processing sites use to provide feedback to TAC Territory Managers on errors that impact business results or customer satisfaction. The report is based on the Forms 5919 issued and other errors identified during the month, and will be provided by the 5th day following the end of the month.

  2. The Territory Manager will share the Trends and Patterns report with the Group Manager. The Territory Manager and Group Manager will review the report and develop corrective actions to address errors identified on the trends and patterns report.

  3. The Group Manager will share the results with the employees as appropriate. The employee will complete the corrective actions and return to the manager by the deadline given by the manager. The manager must establish a filing system to maintain copies of all Forms 5919.

  4. The manager will forward a response to the Submission Processing Center within 15 work days of issuance. There may be instances when this time frame is shorter. See IRM 21.3.4.7.2.2(5)(6) if a critical error is discovered after Part 2 of form 809 was issued to a taxpayer. The Trends and Patterns report should be maintained in a group file for three years.

  5. The Territory Managers will forward the monthly Trends and Patterns Report, and actions taken to address errors identified to the Area Director and Area Analyst.


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