F
FAF-
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
FAST FILE- A system
whereby a pilot files a flight plan via telephone that is tape recorded and then
transcribed for transmission to the appropriate air traffic facility. Locations
having a fast file capability are contained in the Airport/Facility Directory.
(Refer to AIM.)
FAWP- Final Approach
Waypoint
FCLT-
(See FREEZE CALCULATED
LANDING TIME.)
FEATHERED PROPELLER- A
propeller whose blades have been rotated so that the leading and trailing edges
are nearly parallel with the aircraft flight path to stop or minimize drag and
engine rotation. Normally used to indicate shutdown of a reciprocating or
turboprop engine due to malfunction.
FEDERAL AIRWAYS-
(See LOW ALTITUDE AIRWAY
STRUCTURE.)
FEEDER FIX- The fix
depicted on Instrument Approach Procedure Charts which establishes the starting
point of the feeder route.
FEEDER ROUTE- A route
depicted on instrument approach procedure charts to designate routes for
aircraft to proceed from the en route structure to the initial approach fix (IAF).
(See INSTRUMENT APPROACH
PROCEDURE.)
FERRY FLIGHT- A flight for
the purpose of:
a. Returning an
aircraft to base.
b. Delivering an
aircraft from one location to another.
c. Moving an
aircraft to and from a maintenance base.- Ferry flights, under certain
conditions, may be conducted under terms of a special flight permit.
FIELD ELEVATION-
(See AIRPORT ELEVATION.)
FILED- Normally used in
conjunction with flight plans, meaning a flight plan has been submitted to ATC.
FILED EN ROUTE DELAY- Any
of the following preplanned delays at points/areas along the route of flight
which require special flight plan filing and handling techniques.
a. Terminal Area
Delay. A delay within a terminal area for touch-and-go, low approach, or other
terminal area activity.
b. Special Use
Airspace Delay. A delay within a Military Operations Area, Restricted Area,
Warning Area, or ATC Assigned Airspace.
c. Aerial Refueling
Delay. A delay within an Aerial Refueling Track or Anchor.
FILED FLIGHT PLAN- The
flight plan as filed with an ATS unit by the pilot or his/her designated
representative without any subsequent changes or clearances.
FINAL-
Commonly used to mean that an aircraft is on the final approach course or is
aligned with a landing area.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See FINAL APPROACH-IFR.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH [ICAO]-
That part of an instrument approach procedure which commences at the specified
final approach fix or point, or where such a fix or point is not specified.
a. At the end of
the last procedure turn, base turn or inbound turn of a racetrack procedure, if
specified; or
b. At the point of
interception of the last track specified in the approach procedure; and ends at
a point in the vicinity of an aerodrome from which:
1. A landing can be
made; or
2. A missed
approach procedure is initiated.
FINAL APPROACH COURSE- A
bearing/radial/track of an instrument approach leading to a runway or an
extended runway centerline all without regard to distance.
FINAL APPROACH FIX- The
fix from which the final approach (IFR) to an airport is executed and which
identifies the beginning of the final approach segment. It is designated on
Government charts by the Maltese Cross symbol for nonprecision approaches and
the lightning bolt symbol for precision approaches; or when ATC directs a
lower-than-published glideslope/path intercept altitude, it is the resultant
actual point of the glideslope/path intercept.
(See FINAL
APPROACH POINT.)
(See GLIDESLOPE INTERCEPT
ALTITUDE.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH-IFR- The
flight path of an aircraft which is inbound to an airport on a final instrument
approach course, beginning at the final approach fix or point and extending to
the airport or the point where a circle-to-land maneuver or a missed approach is
executed.
(See FINAL APPROACH COURSE.)
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
(See FINAL APPROACH POINT.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
(See ICAO term FINAL
APPROACH.)
FINAL APPROACH POINT- The
point, applicable only to a nonprecision approach with no depicted FAF (such as
an on airport VOR), where the aircraft is established inbound on the final
approach course from the procedure turn and where the final approach descent may
be commenced. The FAP serves as the FAF and identifies the beginning of the
final approach segment.
(See FINAL APPROACH FIX.)
(See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT-
(See SEGMENTS OF AN
INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.)
FINAL APPROACH SEGMENT [ICAO]-
That segment of an instrument approach procedure in which alignment and descent
for landing are accomplished.
FINAL CONTROLLER- The
controller providing information and final approach guidance during PAR and ASR
approaches utilizing radar equipment.
(See RADAR APPROACH.)
FINAL GUARD SERVICE- A
value added service provided in conjunction with LAA/RAA only during periods of
significant and fast changing weather conditions that may affect landing and
takeoff operations.
FINAL MONITOR AID- A high
resolution color display that is equipped with the controller alert system
hardware/software which is used in the precision runway monitor (PRM) system.
The display includes alert algorithms providing the target predictors, a color
change alert when a target penetrates or is predicted to penetrate the no
transgression zone (NTZ), a color change alert if the aircraft transponder
becomes inoperative, synthesized voice alerts, digital mapping, and like
features contained in the PRM system.
(See RADAR APPROACH.)
FINAL MONITOR CONTROLLER-
Air Traffic Control Specialist assigned to radar monitor the flight path of
aircraft during simultaneous parallel and simultaneous close parallel ILS
approach operations. Each runway is assigned a final monitor controller during
simultaneous parallel and simultaneous close parallel ILS approaches. Final
monitor controllers shall utilize the Precision Runway Monitor (PRM) system
during simultaneous close parallel ILS approaches.
FIR-
(See FLIGHT INFORMATION
REGION.)
FIRST TIER CENTER- The
ARTCC immediately adjacent to the impacted center.
FIX- A geographical
position determined by visual reference to the surface, by reference to one or
more radio NAVAIDs, by celestial plotting, or by another navigational device.
FIX BALANCING- A process
whereby aircraft are evenly distributed over several available arrival fixes
reducing delays and controller workload.
FLAG- A warning device
incorporated in certain airborne navigation and flight instruments indicating
that:
a. Instruments are
inoperative or otherwise not operating satisfactorily, or
b. Signal strength
or quality of the received signal falls below acceptable values.
FLAG ALARM-
(See FLAG.)
FLAMEOUT- An emergency
condition caused by a loss of engine power.
FLAMEOUT PATTERN- An
approach normally conducted by a single-engine military aircraft experiencing
loss or anticipating loss of engine power or control. The standard overhead
approach starts at a relatively high altitude over a runway ("high key")
followed by a continuous 180 degree turn to a high, wide position ("low key")
followed by a continuous 180 degree turn final. The standard straight-in pattern
starts at a point that results in a straight-in approach with a high rate of
descent to the runway. Flameout approaches terminate in the type approach
requested by the pilot (normally fullstop).
FLIGHT
CHECK- A call-sign prefix used by FAA aircraft engaged in flight
inspection/certification of navigational aids and flight procedures. The word
"recorded" may be added as a suffix; e.g., "Flight Check 320 recorded" to
indicate that an automated flight inspection is in progress in terminal areas.
(See FLIGHT INSPECTION.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT FOLLOWING-
(See TRAFFIC ADVISORIES.)
FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION-
An airspace of defined dimensions within which Flight Information Service and
Alerting Service are provided.
a. Flight
Information Service. A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and
information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
b. Alerting
Service. A service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding
aircraft in need of search and rescue aid and to assist such organizations as
required.
FLIGHT INFORMATION
SERVICE- A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information
useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.
FLIGHT INSPECTION-
Inflight investigation and evaluation of a navigational aid to determine whether
it meets established tolerances.
(See FLIGHT CHECK.)
(See NAVIGATIONAL AID.)
FLIGHT LEVEL-
A level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference datum of
29.92 inches of mercury. Each is stated in three digits that represent hundreds
of feet. For example, flight level (FL) 250 represents a barometric altimeter
indication of 25,000 feet; FL 255, an indication of 25,500 feet.
(See ICAO term FLIGHT LEVEL.)
FLIGHT LEVEL [ICAO]- A
surface of constant atmospheric pressure which is related to a specific pressure
datum, 1013.2 hPa (1013.2 mb), and is separated from other such surfaces by
specific pressure intervals.
Note 1: A pressure type
altimeter calibrated in accordance with the standard atmosphere:
a. When set to a QNH altimeter setting, will indicate altitude;
b. When set to a QFE altimeter setting, will indicate height above the
QFE reference datum; and
c. When set to a pressure of 1013.2 hPa
(1013.2 mb), may be used to indicate flight levels.
Note 2: The terms
`height' and `altitude,' used in Note 1 above, indicate altimetric rather than
geometric heights and altitudes.
FLIGHT LINE- A term used
to describe the precise movement of a civil photogrammetric aircraft along a
predetermined course(s) at a predetermined altitude during the actual
photographic run.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS-
A computer system that uses a large data base to allow routes to be
preprogrammed and fed into the system by means of a data loader. The system is
constantly updated with respect to position accuracy by reference to
conventional navigation aids. The sophisticated program and its associated data
base insures that the most appropriate aids are automatically selected during
the information update cycle.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PROCEDURE- An arrival, departure, or approach procedure developed for use by
aircraft with a slant (/) E or slant (/) F equipment suffix.
FLIGHT PATH- A line,
course, or track along which an aircraft is flying or intended to be flown.
(See COURSE.)
(See TRACK.)
FLIGHT PLAN- Specified
information relating to the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed orally
or in writing with an FSS or an ATC facility.
(See FAST FILE.)
(See FILED.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT PLAN AREA- The
geographical area assigned by regional air traffic divisions to a flight service
station for the purpose of search and rescue for VFR aircraft, issuance of
NOTAMs, pilot briefing, in-flight services, broadcast, emergency services,
flight data processing, international operations, and aviation weather services.
Three letter identifiers are assigned to every flight service station and are
annotated in AFDs and FAAO JO 7350.8, LOCATION IDENTIFIERS, as tie-in
facilities.
(See FAST
FILE.)
(See FILED.)
(Refer to AIM.)
FLIGHT RECORDER- A general
term applied to any instrument or device that records information about the
performance of an aircraft in flight or about conditions encountered in flight.
Flight recorders may make records of airspeed, outside air temperature, vertical
acceleration, engine RPM, manifold pressure, and other pertinent variables for a
given flight.
(See ICAO term FLIGHT
RECORDER.)
FLIGHT RECORDER [ICAO]-
Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing
accident/incident investigation.
Note: See Annex 6 Part I,
for specifications relating to flight recorders.
FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) - An air traffic
facility which provides pilot briefings, flight plan
processing, en route radio communications, search
and rescue services, and assistance to lost aircraft and
aircraft in emergency situations. FSSs also relay
ATC clearances, process Notices to Airmen,
broadcast aviation weather and aeronautical information, and notify Customs and Border Protection of
transborder flights. In addition, at selected locations,
FSSs provide En Route Flight Advisory Service
(Flight Watch) and Airport Advisory Service (AAS).
In Alaska, designated FSSs also provide TWEB
recordings and take weather observations.
FLIGHT STANDARDS DISTRICT
OFFICE- An FAA field office serving an assigned geographical area and staffed
with Flight Standards personnel who serve the aviation industry and the general
public on matters relating to the certification and operation of air carrier and
general aviation aircraft. Activities include general surveillance of
operational safety, certification of airmen and aircraft, accident prevention,
investigation, enforcement, etc.
FLIGHT TEST- A flight for
the purpose of:
a. Investigating
the operation/flight characteristics of an aircraft or aircraft component.
b. Evaluating an
applicant for a pilot certificate or rating.
FLIGHT VISIBILITY-
(See VISIBILITY.)
FLIGHT WATCH- A shortened
term for use in air-ground contacts to identify the flight service station
providing En Route Flight Advisory Service; e.g., "Oakland Flight Watch."
(See EN ROUTE FLIGHT ADVISORY
SERVICE.)
FLIP-
(See DOD FLIP.)
FLY HEADING (DEGREES)-
Informs the pilot of the heading he/she should fly. The pilot may have to turn
to, or continue on, a specific compass direction in order to comply with the
instructions. The pilot is expected to turn in the shorter direction to the
heading unless otherwise instructed by ATC.
FLY-BY WAYPOINT- A fly-by
waypoint requires the use of turn anticipation to avoid overshoot of the next
flight segment.
FLY-OVER WAYPOINT- A
fly-over waypoint precludes any turn until the waypoint is overflown and is
followed by an intercept maneuver of the next flight segment.
FMA-
(See FINAL MONITOR AID.)
FMS-
(See FLIGHT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM.)
FMSP-
(See FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
PROCEDURE.)
FORMATION FLIGHT- More
than one aircraft which, by prior arrangement between the pilots, operate as a
single aircraft with regard to navigation and position reporting. Separation
between aircraft within the formation is the responsibility of the flight leader
and the pilots of the other aircraft in the flight. This includes transition
periods when aircraft within the formation are maneuvering to attain separation
from each other to effect individual control and during join-up and breakaway.
a. A standard
formation is one in which a proximity of no more than 1 mile laterally or
longitudinally and within 100 feet vertically from the flight leader is
maintained by each wingman.
b. Nonstandard
formations are those operating under any of the following conditions:
1. When
the flight leader has requested and ATC has approved other than standard
formation dimensions.
2. When operating
within an authorized altitude reservation (ALTRV) or under the provisions of a
letter of agreement.
3. When the
operations are conducted in airspace specifically designed for a special
activity.
(See ALTITUDE RESERVATION.)
(Refer to 14 CFR Part 91.)
FRC-
(See REQUEST FULL ROUTE
CLEARANCE.)
FREEZE/FROZEN- Terms used
in referring to arrivals which have been assigned ACLTs and to the lists in
which they are displayed.
FREEZE CALCULATED LANDING
TIME- A dynamic parameter number of minutes prior to the meter fix calculated
time of arrival for each aircraft when the TCLT is frozen and becomes an ACLT
(i.e., the VTA is updated and consequently the TCLT is modified as appropriate
until FCLT minutes prior to meter fix calculated time of arrival, at which time
updating is suspended and an ACLT and a frozen meter fix crossing time (MFT) is
assigned).
FREEZE HORIZON- The time
or point at which an aircraft's STA becomes fixed and no longer fluctuates with
each radar update. This setting insures a constant time for each aircraft,
necessary for the metering controller to plan his/her delay technique. This
setting can be either in distance from the meter fix or a prescribed flying time
to the meter fix.
FREEZE SPEED PARAMETER- A
speed adapted for each aircraft to determine fast and slow aircraft. Fast
aircraft freeze on parameter FCLT and slow aircraft freeze on parameter MLDI.
FRICTION MEASUREMENT- A
measurement of the friction characteristics of the runway pavement surface using
continuous self-watering friction measurement equipment in accordance with the
specifications, procedures and schedules contained in AC 150/5320-12,
Measurement, Construction, and Maintenance of Skid Resistant Airport Pavement
Surfaces.
FSDO-
(See FLIGHT STANDARDS
DISTRICT OFFICE.)
FSPD-
(See FREEZE SPEED PARAMETER.)
FSS-
(See FLIGHT SERVICE STATION.)
FUEL DUMPING- Airborne
release of usable fuel. This does not include the dropping of fuel tanks.
(See JETTISONING OF EXTERNAL
STORES.)
FUEL REMAINING- A phrase
used by either pilots or controllers when relating to the fuel remaining on
board until actual fuel exhaustion. When transmitting such information in
response to either a controller question or pilot initiated cautionary advisory
to air traffic control, pilots will state the APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF MINUTES the
flight can continue with the fuel remaining. All reserve fuel SHOULD BE INCLUDED
in the time stated, as should an allowance for established fuel gauge system
error.
FUEL SIPHONING-
Unintentional release of fuel caused by overflow, puncture, loose cap, etc.
FUEL VENTING-
(See FUEL SIPHONING.)
|