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Identification and Thermal Requirements of Larval Pacific, River, and Western Brook Lampreys, and Thermal Requirements of Early Life History Stages of Lampreys

The U.S. Department of Energy's Benneville Power Administration proposes to address two fundamental aspects of lamprey biology by describing diagnostic characters of egg and larval stages of Pacific, river, and western brook lampreys, preparing a meristic and morphometric identification key, and developing molecular techniques suitable for More...

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Salmonid Immune Function

Anadromous salmonids are susceptible to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, including at least 30 bacteria and viruses. Whereas the impact of these microorganisms on salmonids in wild and natural rearing areas is difficult to measure, losses from disease among hatchery salmonids are both common and well documented. The immunology laboratory More...

  • Image of young salmon fry infected with the kidney disease bacterium before they hatched from egg.

Genetic Analysis of Pacific Salmonids in the Northeast Pacific and the Russian Far East

This U.S./Russian collaboration will investigate genetics and life histories of Kamchatka Peninsula rainbow trout and steelhead (O. mykiss), and Dolly Varden, white-spotted, and arctic char (S. malma, S. leucomaensis, and S. alpinus, respectively). Both anadromous and resident forms of these generally occur in Kamchatka rivers that are free from More...

  • Shown are an adult Siberian white spotted char, or kundza (Salvelinus leucomaensis, top), and a pre-

Evaluation of Fish Movement and Water Velocities Near a Prototype Behavioral Guidance System at Lower Granite Dam

Since 1994, scientists from the Anadromous Fish Ecology Team have been assisting the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in evaluating the migration behavior and passage of juvenile salmon and steelhead through Lower Granite Reservoir and Dam on the Snake River, WA. The goal of this study is to identify the behavior of individual juvenile salmon More...

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Xenobiotic Impact on Arctic Charr: Nutritional Modulation and Physiological Consequences

The Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in the northern most latitudes migrate to the ocean in the spring to feed and grow. This results in accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in their visceral fat. During the winter, the charr reside in freshwater lakes and do not feed. They do mobilize lipids from adipose tissue for energy, which More...

  • Photo of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus).

Evaluating the Role of Wetlands to Endangered Salmonids at Toppenish and Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge

Threatened and endangered salmonids in the Pacific Northwest often use backwaters and wetlands as they migrate toward the ocean, however our understanding of the role of wetlands to juvenile salmonids is limited. The major Objective of this study was to determine whether juvenile steelhead were being tapped on the wetland during spring, and More...

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Assessment of the Downstream Passage of Juvenile Salmonids at John Day Dam

The National Marine Fisheries Services Biological Opinion on the Columbia River salmon listed under the Endangered Species Act sets guidelines for salmon recovery, many of which address salmon passage issues at hydroelectric dams operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE), because fish passing via turbines do not survive as well as those More...

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Survival Estimates for Migrant Juvenile Salmonids Passing Through the Bonneville Dam Using Radio-telemetry

As anadromous juvenile salmonids migrate from freshwater rearing habitats to the ocean, they are vulnerable to a host of factors that affect their survival. Direct effects associated with dam passage (e.g., instantaneous mortality, injury, loss of equilibrium, etc.) and indirect effects (e.g., predation, disease, and physiological stress) More...

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Investigating Passage of ESA-listed Juvenile Fall Chinook Salmon at Lower Granite Dam During Winter When the Fish Bypass System is Not Operated

Fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Snake River are currently listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Although fish bypass systems reduce the mortality of fish entering turbine intakes at mainstem hydroelectric dams, they are only operated during the spring, summer, and early fall during the peaks of seaward More...

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Genetic Analysis of Salmonids and Other Fishes in the Western US

As salmonid populations continue to decline in the western US, it is imperative to develop a better understanding of ecological, genetic, and biological aspects of these species. Within the broad context of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Program the 5-year research goals address: development of non-lethal genetic procedures for identification More...

  • Bridgecreek, a tributary of the Stehekin river.

Evaluation of the Effect of Water Management on Fall Chinook Spawning and Rearing Habitat and on Stranding of Juvenile Fall Chinook in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River

Hydroelectric operations at Priest Rapids Dam on the Columbia River can cause water elevations downstream in the Hanford Reach to fluctuate dramatically. This can alter habitat, cause stranding of juvenile fish, and influence spawning habitat for fall chinook salmon. The unimpounded Hanford Reach supports one of the healthiest populations of fall More...

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Estimating the Residence Time and Lateral Distribution of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Passing Through the Spillway and Stilling Basin of The Dalles Dam

One possible cause of the relatively low spillway survival at The Dalles Dam is the pattern in which the water is spilled over the dam. To avoid passing fish through the spillway and into shallow areas downstream known to harbor piscivores, a juvenile spill pattern is used. This pattern, designed to pass fish through the northernmost spill bays More...

  • Image of stilling basin of The Dalles Dam