Sustainability of Digital Formats
Planning for Library of Congress Collections
Sustainability of Digital Formats
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| Introduction | Sustainability Factors | Content Categories | Format Descriptions | Contact | |
| Full name | Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 |
| Description | Bitstream encoding for video, originally developed by Intel. John McGowan states that Indeo 3 employs vector quantization. Windows implementations of Indeo are distributed by Ligos Corporation; the Mac versions by Apple Corporation. Versions 3.1 and 3.2 are both covered by this document. Indeo versions 4 and 5 (Indeo_5) compress by means of wavelet transforms rather than vector quantization; nevertheless, they are listed as later versions below. As of December 2007, only version 4.4 (limited to OS 9) was being offered by Apple. |
| Production phase | Generally used as an end-user delivery format. |
| Relationship to other formats | |
| Used by | AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) |
| Used by | QuickTime |
| Has later version | Indeo Video Codec, Version 4 (not documented at this time) |
| Has later version | Indeo_5, Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 |
| LC experience or existing holdings | |
| LC preference |
| Disclosure | Proprietary standard with some public documentation |
| Documentation | Modest but helpful documentation from the Ligos Corporation. |
| Adoption | Apparently widespread. |
| Licensing and patent claims | Indeo codecs and software may be licensed from Ligos Corporation. |
| Transparency | Depends upon algorithms and tools to read; will require sophistication to build tools. |
| Self-documentation | Not applicable; provided by wrapper formats. |
| External dependencies | None. |
| Technical protection considerations | Ligos Corporation FAQ states that developers can assign access keys to video files to protect them. These or additional protections may [also?] be provided by wrapper formats. |
| Normal rendering | Not applicable |
| Clarity (support for high image resolution) | Moderate, given this is a compression format. |
| Fidelity (support for high audio resolution) | Not applicable. |
| Support for multiple sound channels | Not applicable. |
| Functionality beyond normal video rendering | Not applicable. |
| Tag type | Value | Note |
| Filename Extension | n/a | |
| Internet Media Type | n/a | |
| Magic numbers | n/a | |
| Microsoft FOURCC | IV31, IV32 | Used when this codec is wrapped in Microsoft file formats, e.g., AVI and ASF; see the Microsoft registry, which also lists a number of additional IV FOURCCs. John McGowan states that IV32 is generally used for Indeo 3; IV41 for Indeo 4, and IV50 for Indeo 5. |
| General | |
| History |
URLs
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URLs
• Indeo product information from the Ligos Corporation (http://www.ligos.com)
• FAQ from the Ligos Corporation (http://ligos.com/pdf_docs/Indeo_FAQ.pdf)
• Documentation from the Ligos Corporation (http://ligos.com/pdf_docs/Indeo_doc.pdf)
• Indeo licensing information (bottom of page) from the Ligos Corporation (http://www.ligos.com/index.php/home/products/indeo/).
• John McGowan's AVI Overview: Audio and Video Codecs (http://www.jmcgowan.com/avicodecs.html).
• Microsoft registry of FOURCC codes and WAVE format indicators dated 2003(http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms867195.aspx). The archived 2001 version of this registry is at http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/archive/fourcc.mspx.
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