What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Pernicious
Anemia?
Major Signs and Symptoms
Major signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia are
feeling tired and weak and having a bright red, smooth tongue. Common symptoms
of nerve damage caused by this disease are tingling and numbness in the hands
and feet.
Symptoms most often develop slowly over time if the
disease is not treated. Some people may experience mental changes and nerve
problems before blood tests show that they have anemia. This is more likely to
happen in older adults than in younger people.
Other Signs and Symptoms
Other signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia may
include pale or yellowish skin, a low-grade fever, and dizziness when standing
up. Infants with the condition may show unusual movements or a delayed
development and failure to thrive.
Signs and Symptoms of Complications Associated With
Pernicious Anemia
Complications seen with pernicious anemia can
involve the heart, nerves and brain, and digestive tract. Some of the
complications are due to the anemia; others are the effect of a low vitamin B12
level on parts of the body.
Heart
Signs and symptoms of heart problems may include
shortness of breath and chest pain.
Heart
murmurs, a rapid heart rate, and
heart
failure can develop.
Nerves and Brain
In addition to tingling or numbness in the hands and
feet, signs and symptoms of problems with the nerves may include difficulty
walking, unsteady movement, and loss of balance. There can be changes in
vision, taste, and smell. Memory loss, confusion, depression, and even
psychosis can develop.
Digestive Tract
Signs and symptoms of untreated pernicious anemia
can occur all along the digestive track. They can start with a bright red,
smooth tongue and may include mouth sores or bleeding gums. The liver could be
enlarged. Nausea and vomiting may occur, along with a sense of fullness, gas,
or heartburn. Changes in bowel habits could include constipation or diarrhea. A
person might have a loss of appetite or weight loss. |