| | This journal provides immediate access to some articles. This Week in PNAS Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6413–6414. doi: 10.1073/iti1706103.PMCID: PMC1458898 Commentaries Trembley’s polyps go transgenic Robert E. Steele Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6415–6416. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601983103.PMCID: PMC1458899 Archaeal mysteries of the deep revealed Edward F. DeLong Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6417–6418. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602079103.PMCID: PMC1458900 Perspective Designing a nano-interface in a microfluidic chip to probe living cells: Challenges and perspectives Brian P. Helmke and Adrienne R. Minerick Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6419–6424. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0507304103.PMCID: PMC1458901 Profile Profile of C. David Allis Philip Downey Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6425–6427. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602256103.PMCID: PMC1458902 Physical Sciences Applied Physical Sciences Optically directed molecular transport and 3D isoelectric positioning of amphoteric biomolecules Dean G. Hafeman, James B. Harkins, IV, Charles E. Witkowski, II, Nathan S. Lewis, Robert J. Warmack, Gilbert M. Brown, and Thomas Thundat Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6436–6441. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509881103.PMCID: PMC1458903 Environmental Sciences From the Cover: Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon Anitra E. Ingalls, Sunita R. Shah, Roberta L. Hansman, Lihini I. Aluwihare, Guaciara M. Santos, Ellen R. M. Druffel, and Ann Pearson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6442–6447. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510157103.PMCID: PMC1564200 Geology Vailulu’u Seamount, Samoa: Life and death on an active submarine volcano Hubert Staudigel, Stanley R. Hart, Adele Pile, Bradley E. Bailey, Edward T. Baker, Sandra Brooke, Douglas P. Connelly, Lisa Haucke, Christopher R. German, Ian Hudson, Daniel Jones, Anthony A. P. Koppers, Jasper Konter, Ray Lee, Theodore W. Pietsch, Bradley M. Tebo, Alexis S. Templeton, Robert Zierenberg, and Craig M. Young Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6448–6453. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600830103.PMCID: PMC1458904 Assessing the fidelity of the fossil record by using marine bivalves James W. Valentine, David Jablonski, Susan Kidwell, and Kaustuv Roy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6599–6604. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601264103.PMCID: PMC1458929 Biological Sciences Agricultural Sciences Evidence that bovine forebrain embryonic zinc finger-like gene influences immune response associated with mastitis resistance Mayumi Sugimoto, Akira Fujikawa, James E. Womack, and Yoshikazu Sugimoto Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6454–6459. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601015103.PMCID: PMC1458905 Applied Biological Sciences Translocation of molecules into cells by pH-dependent insertion of a transmembrane helix Yana K. Reshetnyak, Oleg A. Andreev, Ursula Lehnert, and Donald M. Engelman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6460–6465. Published online 2006 April 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601463103.PMCID: PMC1435408 Biochemistry Direct electrical detection of DNA synthesis Nader Pourmand, Miloslav Karhanek, Henrik H. J. Persson, Chris D. Webb, Thomas H. Lee, Alexandra Zahradníková, and Ronald W. Davis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6466–6470. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601184103.PMCID: PMC1458907 Crystal structures of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase from Escherichia coli, a key enzyme in glutathione metabolism, and its reaction intermediate Toshihiro Okada, Hideyuki Suzuki, Kei Wada, Hidehiko Kumagai, and Keiichi Fukuyama Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6471–6476. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0511020103.PMCID: PMC1458908 Ubiquitylation of yeast proliferating cell nuclear antigen and its implications for translesion DNA synthesis Lajos Haracska, Ildiko Unk, Louise Prakash, and Satya Prakash Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6477–6482. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510924103.PMCID: PMC1458909 Structural plasticity of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase active site James M. Turner, James Graziano, Glen Spraggon, and Peter G. Schultz Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6483–6488. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601756103.PMCID: PMC1458910 S-adenosylmethionine stabilizes cystathionine β-synthase and modulates redox capacity Anna Prudova, Zachary Bauman, Aaron Braun, Victor Vitvitsky, Shelly C. Lu, and Ruma Banerjee Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6489–6494. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509531103.PMCID: PMC1458911 Biophysics Optically directed molecular transport and 3D isoelectric positioning of amphoteric biomolecules Dean G. Hafeman, James B. Harkins, IV, Charles E. Witkowski, II, Nathan S. Lewis, Robert J. Warmack, Gilbert M. Brown, and Thomas Thundat Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6436–6441. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509881103.PMCID: PMC1458903 Defocused orientation and position imaging (DOPI) of myosin V Erdal Toprak, Joerg Enderlein, Sheyum Syed, Sean A. McKinney, Rolfe G. Petschek, Taekjip Ha, Yale E. Goldman, and Paul R. Selvin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6495–6499. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0507134103.PMCID: PMC1458912 Monte Carlo simulations of proton pumps: On the working principles of the biological valve that controls proton pumping in cytochrome c oxidase Mats H. M. Olsson and Arieh Warshel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6500–6505. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510860103.PMCID: PMC1458913 EM measurements define the dimensions of the “30-nm” chromatin fiber: Evidence for a compact, interdigitated structure Philip J. J. Robinson, Louise Fairall, Van A. T. Huynh, and Daniela Rhodes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6506–6511. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601212103.PMCID: PMC1436021 Cell Biology INAUGURAL ARTICLE by a Recently Elected Academy Member: Histone H3 variants and their potential role in indexing mammalian genomes: The “H3 barcode hypothesis” Sandra B. Hake and C. David Allis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6428–6435. Published online 2006 March 29. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600803103.PMCID: PMC1564199 Characterization of Su48, a centrosome protein essential for cell division Qiang Wang, Xiulian Du, Judy Meinkoth, Yoshihiko Hirohashi, Hongtao Zhang, Qingdu Liu, Mark Richter, and Mark I. Greene Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6512–6517. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601682103.PMCID: PMC1458915 Mapping the Arabidopsis organelle proteome Tom P. J. Dunkley, Svenja Hester, Ian P. Shadforth, John Runions, Thilo Weimar, Sally L. Hanton, Julian L. Griffin, Conrad Bessant, Federica Brandizzi, Chris Hawes, Rod B. Watson, Paul Dupree, and Kathryn S. Lilley Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6518–6523. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506958103.PMCID: PMC1458916 Dual roles for the trimeric G protein Go in asymmetric cell division in Drosophila Vladimir L. Katanaev and Andrew Tomlinson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6524–6529. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601853103.PMCID: PMC1436022 Netrin-1 induces angiogenesis via a DCC-dependent ERK1/2-eNOS feed-forward mechanism Andrew Nguyen and Hua Cai Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6530–6535. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0511011103.PMCID: PMC1458918 Monitoring chaperone engagement of substrates in the endoplasmic reticulum of live cells Erik L. Snapp, Ajay Sharma, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, and Ramanujan S. Hegde Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6536–6541. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510657103.PMCID: PMC1458919 Posttranslational myristoylation of caspase-activated p21-activated protein kinase 2 (PAK2) potentiates late apoptotic events Gonzalo L. Vilas, Maria M. Corvi, Greg J. Plummer, Andrea M. Seime, Gareth R. Lambkin, and Luc G. Berthiaume Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6542–6547. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600824103.PMCID: PMC1458920 Developmental Biology Cholesterol modification restricts the spread of Shh gradient in the limb bud Yina Li, Huimin Zhang, Ying Litingtung, and Chin Chiang Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6548–6553. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600124103.PMCID: PMC1458921 Distinct genetic interactions between multiple Vegf receptors are required for development of different blood vessel types in zebrafish L. D. Covassin, J. A. Villefranc, M. C. Kacergis, B. M. Weinstein, and N. D. Lawson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6554–6559. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506886103.PMCID: PMC1458922 A pair-rule gene circuit defines segments sequentially in the short-germ insect Tribolium castaneum Chong Pyo Choe, Sherry C. Miller, and Susan J. Brown Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6560–6564. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510440103.PMCID: PMC1564201 Ecology From the Cover: Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon Anitra E. Ingalls, Sunita R. Shah, Roberta L. Hansman, Lihini I. Aluwihare, Guaciara M. Santos, Ellen R. M. Druffel, and Ann Pearson Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6442–6447. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510157103.PMCID: PMC1564200 Vailulu’u Seamount, Samoa: Life and death on an active submarine volcano Hubert Staudigel, Stanley R. Hart, Adele Pile, Bradley E. Bailey, Edward T. Baker, Sandra Brooke, Douglas P. Connelly, Lisa Haucke, Christopher R. German, Ian Hudson, Daniel Jones, Anthony A. P. Koppers, Jasper Konter, Ray Lee, Theodore W. Pietsch, Bradley M. Tebo, Alexis S. Templeton, Robert Zierenberg, and Craig M. Young Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6448–6453. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600830103.PMCID: PMC1458904 From the Cover: An endangered oasis of aquatic microbial biodiversity in the Chihuahuan desert Valeria Souza, Laura Espinosa-Asuar, Ana E. Escalante, Luis E. Eguiarte, Jack Farmer, Larry Forney, Lourdes Lloret, Juan M. Rodríguez-Martínez, Xavier Soberón, Rodolfo Dirzo, and James J. Elser Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6565–6570. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601434103.PMCID: PMC1458923 Environmental Sciences Element interactions limit soil carbon storage Kees-Jan van Groenigen, Johan Six, Bruce A. Hungate, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Nico van Breemen, and Chris van Kessel Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6571–6574. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509038103.PMCID: PMC1458924 Evolution Linkage of butterfly mate preference and wing color preference cue at the genomic location of wingless Marcus R. Kronforst, Laura G. Young, Durrell D. Kapan, Camille McNeely, Rachel J. O'Neill, and Lawrence E. Gilbert Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6575–6580. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509685103.PMCID: PMC1458925 Development of bat flight: Morphologic and molecular evolution of bat wing digits Karen E. Sears, Richard R. Behringer, John J. Rasweiler, IV, and Lee A. Niswander Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6581–6586. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509716103.PMCID: PMC1458926 Quantitative genetics of age at reproduction in wild swans: Support for antagonistic pleiotropy models of senescence Anne Charmantier, Christopher Perrins, Robin H. McCleery, and Ben C. Sheldon Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6587–6592. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0511123103.PMCID: PMC1458927 Direct evolution of genetic robustness in microRNA Elhanan Borenstein and Eytan Ruppin Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6593–6598. Published online 2006 April 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510600103.PMCID: PMC1458928 Assessing the fidelity of the fossil record by using marine bivalves James W. Valentine, David Jablonski, Susan Kidwell, and Kaustuv Roy Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6599–6604. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601264103.PMCID: PMC1458929 Genetics Short blocks from the noncoding parts of the human genome have instances within nearly all known genes and relate to biological processes Isidore Rigoutsos, Tien Huynh, Kevin Miranda, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Alice McHardy, and Daniel Platt Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6605–6610. Published online 2006 April 24. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601688103.PMCID: PMC1447521 Extensive individual variation in L1 retrotransposition capability contributes to human genetic diversity Maria del Carmen Seleme, Melissa R. Vetter, Richard Cordaux, Laurel Bastone, Mark A. Batzer, and Haig H. Kazazian, Jr. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6611–6616. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601324103.PMCID: PMC1458931 Methyl binding domain protein 2 mediates γ-globin gene silencing in adult human βYAC transgenic mice Jeremy W. Rupon, Shou Zhen Wang, Karin Gaensler, Joyce Lloyd, and Gordon D. Ginder Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6617–6622. Published online 2006 April 11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509322103.PMCID: PMC1458932 From the Cover: Limited evolutionary conservation of imprinting in the human placenta D. Monk, P. Arnaud, S. Apostolidou, F. A. Hills, G. Kelsey, P. Stanier, R. Feil, and G. E. Moore Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6623–6628. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0511031103.PMCID: PMC1564202 Histone and DNA methylation defects at Hox genes in mice expressing a SET domain-truncated form of Mll Rémi Terranova, Hanane Agherbi, Annie Boned, Stéphane Meresse, and Malek Djabali Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6629–6634. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0507425103.PMCID: PMC1440589 Immunology Lack of IL-15 results in the suboptimal priming of CD4+ T cell response against an intracellular parasite Crescent L. Combe, Magali M. Moretto, Joseph D. Schwartzman, Jason P. Gigley, David J. Bzik, and Imtiaz A. Khan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6635–6640. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506180103.PMCID: PMC1458934 Disparate thermodynamics governing T cell receptor–MHC-I interactions implicate extrinsic factors in guiding MHC restriction Lauren K. Ely, Travis Beddoe, Craig S. Clements, Jacqueline M. Matthews, Anthony W. Purcell, Lars Kjer-Nielsen, James McCluskey, and Jamie Rossjohn Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6641–6646. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600743103.PMCID: PMC1564203 A collagenous protective coat enables Metarhizium anisopliae to evade insect immune responses Chengshu Wang and Raymond J. St. Leger Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6647–6652. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601951103.PMCID: PMC1458935 Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) regulates proinflammatory activation of monocytes Hiranmoy Das, Ajay Kumar, Zhiyong Lin, Willmar D. Patino, Paul M. Hwang, Mark W. Feinberg, Pradip K. Majumder, and Mukesh K. Jain Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6653–6658. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508235103.PMCID: PMC1458936 Single-cell analysis of normal and FOXP3-mutant human T cells: FOXP3 expression without regulatory T cell development Marc A. Gavin, Troy R. Torgerson, Evan Houston, Paul deRoos, William Y. Ho, Asbjørg Stray-Pedersen, Elizabeth L. Ocheltree, Philip D. Greenberg, Hans D. Ochs, and Alexander Y. Rudensky Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6659–6664. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509484103.PMCID: PMC1458937 Medical Sciences In vivo oxidative metabolism of a major peroxidation-derived DNA adduct, M1dG Michael B. Otteneder, Charles G. Knutson, J. Scott Daniels, Muhammed Hashim, Brenda C. Crews, Rory P. Remmel, Hao Wang, Carmelo Rizzo, and Lawrence J. Marnett Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6665–6669. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602017103.PMCID: PMC1458938 MTA1, a transcriptional activator of breast cancer amplified sequence 3 Anupama E. Gururaj, Rajesh R. Singh, Suresh K. Rayala, Caroline Holm, Petra den Hollander, Hao Zhang, Seetharaman Balasenthil, Amjad H. Talukder, Goran Landberg, and Rakesh Kumar Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6670–6675. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601989103.PMCID: PMC1458939 Evidence for a role of developmental genes in the origin of obesity and body fat distribution Stephane Gesta, Matthias Blüher, Yuji Yamamoto, Andrew W. Norris, Janin Berndt, Susan Kralisch, Jeremie Boucher, Choy Lewis, and C. Ronald Kahn Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6676–6681. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601752103.PMCID: PMC1458940 Antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 suppresses nicotinic acid-induced vasodilation in mice and humans Kang Cheng, Tsuei-Ju Wu, Kenneth K. Wu, Claudio Sturino, Kathleen Metters, Keith Gottesdiener, Samuel D. Wright, Zhaoyin Wang, Gary O’Neill, Eseng Lai, and M. Gerard Waters Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6682–6687. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601574103.PMCID: PMC1458941 Arf gene loss enhances oncogenicity and limits imatinib response in mouse models of Bcr-Abl-induced acute lymphoblastic leukemia Richard T. Williams, Martine F. Roussel, and Charles J. Sherr Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6688–6693. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602030103.PMCID: PMC1440588 A live, attenuated recombinant West Nile virus vaccine Thomas P. Monath, Jian Liu, Niranjan Kanesa-Thasan, Gwendolyn A. Myers, Richard Nichols, Alison Deary, Karen McCarthy, Casey Johnson, Thomas Ermak, Sunheang Shin, Juan Arroyo, Farshad Guirakhoo, Jeffrey S. Kennedy, Francis A. Ennis, Sharone Green, and Philip Bedford Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6694–6699. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601932103.PMCID: PMC1436023 Microbiology Domain architecture and structure of the bacterial cell division protein DivIB Scott A. Robson and Glenn F. King Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6700–6705. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601397103.PMCID: PMC1458944 Evidence on the chromosomal location of centromeric DNA in Plasmodium falciparum from etoposide-mediated topoisomerase-II cleavage John M. Kelly, Louisa McRobert, and David A. Baker Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6706–6711. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510363103.PMCID: PMC1458945 Cell–cell signaling in Xanthomonas campestris involves an HD-GYP domain protein that functions in cyclic di-GMP turnover Robert P. Ryan, Yvonne Fouhy, Jean F. Lucey, Lisa C. Crossman, Stephen Spiro, Ya-Wen He, Lian-Hui Zhang, Stephan Heeb, Miguel Cámara, Paul Williams, and J. Maxwell Dow Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6712–6717. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600345103.PMCID: PMC1458946 From the Cover: Multireplicon genome architecture of Lactobacillus salivarius Marcus J. Claesson, Yin Li, Sinead Leahy, Carlos Canchaya, Jan Peter van Pijkeren, Ana M. Cerdeño-Tárraga, Julian Parkhill, Sarah Flynn, Gerald C. O’Sullivan, J. Kevin Collins, Des Higgins, Fergus Shanahan, Gerald F. Fitzgerald, Douwe van Sinderen, and Paul W. O’Toole Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6718–6723. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0511060103.PMCID: PMC1436024 ADP-ribosylating and vacuolating cytotoxin of Mycoplasma pneumoniae represents unique virulence determinant among bacterial pathogens T. R. Kannan and Joel B. Baseman Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6724–6729. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510644103.PMCID: PMC1458948 Identification of a structural motif crucial for infectivity of hepatitis B viruses Lars Stoeckl, Anneke Funk, Ariane Kopitzki, Boerries Brandenburg, Stefanie Oess, Hans Will, Hüseyin Sirma, and Eberhard Hildt Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6730–6734. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0509765103.PMCID: PMC1458949 Neuroscience Activity-dependent release of precursor nerve growth factor, conversion to mature nerve growth factor, and its degradation by a protease cascade Martin A. Bruno and A. Claudio Cuello Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6735–6740. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510645103.PMCID: PMC1458950 Glucocorticoid enhancement of memory requires arousal-induced noradrenergic activation in the basolateral amygdala Benno Roozendaal, Shoki Okuda, Eddy A. Van der Zee, and James L. McGaugh Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6741–6746. Published online 2006 April 12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601874103.PMCID: PMC1458951 Neuregulin 1 transcripts are differentially expressed in schizophrenia and regulated by 5′ SNPs associated with the disease Amanda J. Law, Barbara K. Lipska, Cynthia Shannon Weickert, Thomas M. Hyde, Richard E. Straub, Ryota Hashimoto, Paul J. Harrison, Joel E. Kleinman, and Daniel R. Weinberger Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6747–6752. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602002103.PMCID: PMC1458952 Plant Biology Genes for the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway are essential for chloroplast division in moss Mariko Machida, Katsuaki Takechi, Hiroshi Sato, Sung Jin Chung, Haruko Kuroiwa, Susumu Takio, Motoaki Seki, Kazuo Shinozaki, Tomomichi Fujita, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, and Hiroyoshi Takano Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6753–6758. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510693103.PMCID: PMC1458953 FZL, an FZO-like protein in plants, is a determinant of thylakoid and chloroplast morphology Hongbo Gao, Tammy L. Sage, and Katherine W. Osteryoung Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6759–6764. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0507287103.PMCID: PMC1458954 Phospholipase DZ2 plays an important role in extraplastidic galactolipid biosynthesis and phosphate recycling in Arabidopsis roots Alfredo Cruz-Ramírez, Araceli Oropeza-Aburto, Francisco Razo-Hernández, Enrique Ramírez-Chávez, and Luis Herrera-Estrella Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6765–6770. Published online 2006 April 14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600863103.PMCID: PMC1564204 Psychology From the Cover: The decline of cross-species intersensory perception in human infants David J. Lewkowicz and Asif A. Ghazanfar Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6771–6774. Published online 2006 April 17. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602027103.PMCID: PMC1458955 Corrections Correction for See et al., Gene evolution at the ends of wheat chromosomes Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6775. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602180103.PMCID: PMC1458956 Corrects: Deven R. See, et al. Gene evolution at the ends of wheat chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 March 14; 103(11): 4162–4167. Correction for Das et al., Structural basis for conformational plasticity of the Parkinson’s disease-associated ubiquitin hydrolase UCH-L1 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 April 25; 103(17): 6776. Published online 2006 April 13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0602428103.PMCID: PMC1458957 Corrects: Chittaranjan Das, et al. Structural basis for conformational plasticity of the Parkinson's disease-associated ubiquitin hydrolase UCH-L1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 March 21; 103(12): 4675–4680. |