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| On the Cover. Sports bring health and enjoyment to billions of people worldwide. But sports activities sometimes have a dark side as well. To the list of such things as doping in sports, increasing bad attitudes of some athletes and fans, and the culture of winning at all costs, we can add environmental damage. The Focus (p. A286) discusses some of the ways in which sports adversely affect the environment, but also describes efforts by global sports organizations to use sports to get environmental awareness to kick in with the next generation of athletes.
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Perspectives
Director's Perspective
p. A 270
Correspondence
p. A 274
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Environews
Forum
p. A 276
NIEHS News
p. A 280
Focus
p. A 286
Spheres of Influence
p. A 296
Innovations
p. A 300
Science Selections
p. A 304
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Commentaries & Reviews
DIABETES | Arsenic Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Experimental and Epidemiologic Evidence
Ana Navas-Acien, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Robin A. Streeter, Jeanne M. Clark, Thomas A. Burke, and Eliseo Guallar
p. 641 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
Research
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT | Factors Affecting the Association between Ambient Concentrations and Personal Exposures to Particles and Gases
Stefanie Ebelt Sarnat, Brent A. Coull, Joel Schwartz, Diane R. Gold, and Helen H. Suh
p. 649 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | Can We Identify Sources of Fine Particles Responsible for Exercise-Induced Ischemia on Days with Elevated Air Pollution? The ULTRA Study
Timo Lanki, Jeroen J. de Hartog, Joachim Heinrich, Gerard Hoek, Nicole A.H. Janssen, Annette Peters, Matthias Stölzel, Kirsi L. Timonen, Marko Vallius, Esko Vanninen, and Juha Pekkanen
p. 655 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY | Reproduction, Embryonic Development, and Maternal Transfer of Contaminants in the Amphibian Gastrophryne carolinensis
William Alexander Hopkins, Sarah Elizabeth DuRant, Brandon Patrick Staub, Christopher Lee Rowe, and Brian Phillip Jackson
p. 661 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
NEURODEVELOPMENT | Chlorpyrifos Affects Phenotypic Outcomes in a Model of Mammalian Neurodevelopment: Critical Stages Targeting Differentiation in PC12 Cells
Ruth R. Jameson, Frederic J. Seidler, Dan Qiao, and Theodore A. Slotkin
 Also see Science Selections, p. A304
p. 667 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
BIOMONITORS | Elevated Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine, Lymphocytic Micronuclei, and Serum Glutathione S-Transferase in Workers Exposed to Coke Oven Emissions
Ai-Lin Liu, Wen-Qing Lu, Zeng-Zhen Wang, Wei-Hong Chen, Wen-Hong Lu, Jing Yuan, Pei-Hong Nan, Jian-Ya Sun, Ya-Lin Zou, Li-Hong Zhou, Chi Zhang, and Tang-Chun Wu
p. 673 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
INFECTIOUS DISEASE | Weather Variability, Tides, and Barmah Forest Virus Disease in the Gladstone Region, Australia
Suchithra Naish, Wenbiao Hu, Neville Nicholls, John S. Mackenzie, Anthony J. McMichael, Pat Dale, and Shilu Tong
p. 678 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
TOXICOLOGY | Comparison of Oxidative Properties, Light Absorbance, and Total and Elemental Mass Concentration of Ambient PM2.5 Collected at 20 European Sites
Nino Künzli, Ian S. Mudway, Thomas Götschi, Tingming Shi, Frank J. Kelly, Sarah Cook, Peter Burney, Bertil Forsberg, James W. Gauderman, Marianne E. Hazenkamp, Joachim Heinrich, Deborah Jarvis, Dan Norbäck, Felix Payo-Losa, Albino Poli, Jordi Sunyer, and Paul J.A. Borm
p. 684 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
NEUROBEHAVIORAL DISEASE | Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Neurobehavioral Performance in Agricultural and Nonagricultural Hispanic Workers
Joan Rothlein, Diane Rohlman, Michael Lasarev, Jackie Phillips, Juan Muniz, and Linda McCauley
p. 691 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
GENE EXPRESSION | Gas-Phase Ambient Air Contaminants Exhibit Significant Dioxin-like and Estrogen-like Activity in Vitro
Gail P. Klein, Erin M. Hodge, Miriam L. Diamond, Amelia Yip, Tom Dann, Gary Stern, Michael S. Denison, and Patricia A. Harper
p. 697 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY | The Risk of Infection from Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposure in the Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena): A Case-Control Approach
Ailsa J. Hall, Kelly Hugunin, Robert Deaville, Robin J. Law, Colin R. Allchin, and Paul D. Jepson
p. 704 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
INFECTIOUS DISEASE | A Survey of Diving Behavior and Accidental Water Ingestion among Dutch Occupational and Sport Divers to Assess the Risk of Infection with Waterborne Pathogenic Microorganisms
Jack Schijven and Ana Maria de Roda Husman
Also see Science Selections, p. A304
p. 712 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH | Impact of PCB and p,p´-DDE Contaminants on Human Sperm Y:X Chromosome Ratio: Studies in Three European Populations and the Inuit Population in Greenland
Tarmo Tiido, Anna Rignell-Hydbom, Bo A.G. Jönsson, Yvonne Lundberg Giwercman, Henning S. Pedersen, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Jan K. Ludwicki, Vladimir Lesovoy, Valentyna Zvyezday, Marcello Spano, Gian-Carlo Manicardi, Davide Bizzaro, Eva C. Bonefeld-Jørgensen, Gunnar Toft, Jens Peter Bonde, Lars Rylander, Lars Hagmar, Aleksander Giwercman, and INUENDO
p. 718 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
RESPIRATORY DISEASE | The Impact of Sugar Cane-Burning Emissions on the Respiratory System of Children and the Elderly
José E.D. Cançado, Paulo H.N. Saldiva, Luiz A.A. Pereira, Luciene B.L.S. Lara, Paulo Artaxo, Luiz A. Martinelli, Marcos A. Arbex, Antonella Zanobetti, and Alfesio L.F. Braga
p. 725 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE | Calcium:Magnesium Ratio in Local Groundwater and Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction among Males in Rural Finland
Anne Kousa, Aki S. Havulinna, Elena Moltchanova, Olli Taskinen, Maria Nikkarinen, Johan Eriksson, and Marjatta Karvonen
p. 730 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
TOXICOLOGY | Gestational Mercury Vapor Exposure and Diet Contribute to Mercury Accumulation in Neonatal Rats
Daniel L. Morgan, Herman C. Price, Reshan Fernando, Sushmita M. Chanda, Robert W. O'Connor, Stanley S. Barone, Jr., David W. Herr, and Robert P. Beliles
p. 735 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | Body Burdens of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls and Their Relations to Estrogen Metabolism in Pregnant Women
Shu-Li Wang, Yu-Chen Chang, How-Ran Chao, Chien-Ming Li, Lih-Ann Li, Long-Yau Lin, and Olaf Päpke
p. 740 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
NEURODEVELOPMENT | Comparative Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Insecticides: Effects on Brain Development Are Separable from Systemic Toxicity
Theodore A. Slotkin, Edward D. Levin, and Frederic J. Seidler
p. 746 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
ENVIRONMENAL TOXICOLOGY | Assessment of Xenoestrogens Using Three Distinct Estrogen Receptors and the Zebrafish Brain Aromatase Gene in a Highly Responsive Glial Cell System
Yann Le Page, Martin Scholze, Olivier Kah, and Farzad Pakdel
p. 752 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
Environmental Medicine
RESPIRATORY DISEASE | Case Report: A Case of Wood-Smoke-Related Pulmonary Disease
Janet V. Diaz, Jonathan Koff, Michael B. Gotway, Stephen Nishimura, and John R. Balmes
p. 759 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
HUMAN TOXICOLOGY | Case Report: Hexachloroethane Smoke Inhalation: A Rare Cause of Severe Hepatic Injuries
Ching-Hui Loh, Yaw-Wen Chang, Saou-Hsing Liou, Jun-Hei Chang, and Hong-I Chen
p. 763 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
Children's Health
ASTHMA | Traffic, Susceptibility, and Childhood Asthma
Rob McConnell, Kiros Berhane, Ling Yao, Michael Jerrett, Fred Lurmann, Frank Gilliland, Nino Künzli, Jim Gauderman, Ed Avol, Duncan Thomas, and John Peters
Also see Science Selections, p. A305
p. 766 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
NEURODEVELOPMENT | Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins on Mental and Motor Development in Japanese Children at 6 Months of Age
Sonomi Nakajima, Yasuaki Saijo, Shizue Kato, Seiko Sasaki, Akiko Uno, Nobuo Kanagami, Hironori Hirakawa, Tsuguhide Hori, Kazuhiro Tobiishi, Takashi Todaka, Yuji Nakamura, Satoko Yanagiya, Yasuhito Sengoku, Takao Iida, Fumihiro Sata, and Reiko Kishi
p. 773 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
CHILD DEVELOPMENT | Prenatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Postnatal Growth: A Structural Analysis
Matthew R. Lamb, Sylvia Taylor, Xinhua Liu, Mary S. Wolff, Luisa Borrell, Thomas D. Matte, Ezra S. Susser, and Pam Factor-Litvak
p. 779 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
RESPIRATORY DISEASE | Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Air Pollution and Selected Causes of Postneonatal Infant Mortality in California
Tracey J. Woodruff, Jennifer D. Parker, and Kenneth C. Schoendorf
p. 786 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
NEURODEVELOPMENT | Reduced Intellectual Development in Children with Prenatal Lead Exposure
Lourdes Schnaas, Stephen J. Rothenberg, Maria-Fernanda Flores, Sandra Martinez, Carmen Hernandez, Erica Osorio, Silvia Ruiz Velasco, and Estela Perroni
p. 791 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | Thyroid Function and Perchlorate in Drinking Water: An Evaluation among California Newborns, 1998
Patricia A. Buffler, Michael A. Kelsh, Edmund C. Lau, Charlotte H. Edinboro, Julie C. Barnard, George W. Rutherford, Jorge J. Daaboul, Lynn Palmer, and Fred W. Lorey
p. 798 [ Abstract ] [ Full ] [ PDF ]
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