FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USDA/Food Safety and Inspection Service
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
September 2003

Quantitative Assessment of Relative Risk to Public Health
from Foodborne Listeria monocytogenes
Among Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods

Appendix 7: Contamination Data Sets, Part 1

(Also available in PDF)

**Smoked Seafood Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Aguado et al., 2001	Salmon, smoked	1	Spain	3	R	52	36	16
Baek et al., 2000	Mussels, frozen & smoked	1	Korea	3	R	68	65	3
Cortesi et al., 1997	Salmon, smoked	1	Italy	2	P	100	80	8					11														1
Cortesi et al., 1997	Salmon, smoked	1	Italy	2	P	65	53	6					2		2					1							1
Dauphin et al., 2001	Coalfish, smoked	1	France	3	P	1	0	1
Dauphin et al., 2001	Salmon, fresh & smoked	1	France	3	P	11	0	11
Dauphin et al., 2001	Salmon Skin, smoked	1	France	3	P	2	1	E⁴							1
Dauphin et al., 2001	Salmon, smoked	1	France	3	P	21	19	2
Dauphin et al., 2001	Tuna, smoked	1	France	3	P	1	0	1
Dillon et al., 1994	Fin-fish, hot/cold-smoked	1	Canada	2	?	258	246	12
Dominguez et al., 2001	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Spain	3	R	170	132	E										18		18							2
Eklund et al., 1995	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	USA	2	P	61	13	E										48
Ericsson et al., 1997	Trout, smoked	1	Sweden	2	P&R	9	6	E										3
Farber, 1991b	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Canada/etc	1	P	32	22	10
Garland, 1995	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Australia	2	P	285	284	1
Guyer and Jemmi, 1990	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Switzer-land	1	P	64	60	4
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Fish, smoked	1	Iceland	1	P/R	31	30	1
Heinitz and Johnson, 1998	Fish, smoked	1	USA	1	P	1080	929	151
Hudson et al., 1992	Mussels, smoked	1	New Zealand	1	R	14	9	5
Hudson et al., 1992	Salmon, smoked	1	New Zealand	1	R	12	4	8
Inoue et al., 2000	Salmon, smoked	1	Japan	3	R	92	87	E			4		1
Jemmi, 1990	Fin-fish, cold-smoked	1	Switzer-land	1	R	324	280	44
Jemmi, 1990	Fin-fish, hot-smoked	1	Switzer-land	1	R	496	452	44
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998	Halibut, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	2	P	20	11	E					9
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998	Halibut, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	2	P	20	8	E					6		2					3						1
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	2	P	190	126	E					53		9					2
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	2	P	115	69	E					11		23					10						2
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	2	P	75	43	E					17		11					2						2
Hatakka et al., 2001	Smoked, cold & vacuum-packed	1	Finland	3	R	232	222	E										10
Miettinen, H., et al., 2001	Fish, cold-smoked	1	Finland	3	P	12	10	2
Miettinen, H., et al., 2001	Fish, hot-smoked	1	Finland	3	P	13	12	1
NFPA, 2002	Seafood, smoked	1	USA-CA	3	R	1363	1292	E	44	5			11		5					4							1				1
NFPA, 2002	Seafood, smoked	1	USA-MD	3	R	1324	1281	E	23	6			8		3					2											1
Ng and Seah, 1995	Mussels, smoked	1	Singapore	2	R	2	1	1
Norton et al., 2000	Fish, cold-smoked	1	USA	3	P	38	32	6
Norton et al., 2001	Fish, cold-smoked	1	USA	3	P	96	85	11
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cod, smoked	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Halibut,smoked	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Oysters, smoked	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salmon, smoked	1	USA	3	R	130	129	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Seafood, smoked	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Shad, smoked	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Snapper, smoked	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sockeye, smoked	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sturgeon, smoked	1	USA	3	R	10	10	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Trout, smoked	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Scoglio et al., 2000	Salmon, smoked	1	Italy	3	R	21	18	3
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish, smoked	1	Germany	1	R?	71	66	5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish, smoked	1	Germany	1	R?	309	287	E										14			4							4
Vogel et al., 2001a	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	3	P	324	231	93
Vogel et al., 2001b	Salmon, cold-smoked	1	Denmark	3	P	200	65	135
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Herring, smoked	1	Japan	3	R	1	0	1
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Salmon, smoked	1	Japan	3	R	12	10	2
Total=						7855	6844	589	67	11	4		129		56			93		42	4					5	5	4			2
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated.

**Raw Seafood Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Adesiyun, 1993	Fish & shrimp, raw	2	Trinidad	1	R	102	100	2
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995	Fish, raw	1	Denmark	2	R	232	199	E⁴					26		6				1
Baek et al., 2000	Halibut, raw	1	Korea	3	R	45	45	0
Baek et al., 2000	Shellfish	1	Korea	3	R	250	247	3
Berry et al., 1994	Shrimp, imported & frozen	1	USA	2	R	30	28	2
Buchanan et al., 1989	Catfish, fresh	1	USA	1	R	1	1	0
Buchanan et al., 1989	Clam, raw	1	USA	1	R	1	1	0
Buchanan et al., 1989	Fin-fish, fresh	1	USA	1	R	4	2	2
Buchanan et al., 1989	Oysters, uncooked	1	USA	1	R	2	2	0
Buchanan et al., 1989	Scallops, raw	1	USA	1	R	1	1	0
Buchanan et al., 1989	Shrimp, raw & frozen	1	USA	1	R	4	4	0
Buchanan et al., 1989	Surimi, crab	1	USA	1	R	1	1	0
Colburn et al., 1990	Oysters, live	1	USA	1	P	35	35	0
Dauphin et al., 2001	Fillet, coalfish	1	France	3	P	2	0	2
Dauphin et al., 2001	Fillet, cod	1	France	3	P	4	0	4
Dauphin et al., 2001	Salmon, cut & raw	1	France	3	P	1	0	1
Dauphin et al., 2001	Herring, frozen	1	France	3	P	5	0	5
Dauphin et al., 2001	Surfaces, raw salmon (filets)	1	France	3	P	8	1	7
Dauphin et al., 2001	Surfaces, raw salmon (whole)	1	France	3	P	7	1	6
Dauphin et al., 2001	Surfaces, raw salmon	1	France	3	P	18	16	2
Davies et al. 2001	Plaice/raw food	1	Great Britain	3	R	5	5	0
Davies et al. 2001	Salmon/raw seafood	1	Great Britain	3	R	5	5	0
Davies et al. 2001	Sardine/raw seafood	1	Portugal	3	R	10	10	0
Davies et al. 2001	Trout/raw seafood	1	Great Britain	3	R	20	18	2
Davies et al. 2001	Trout/raw seafood	1	Portugal	3	R	10	10	0
Davies et al. 2001	Whiting/raw seafood	1	France	3	R	26	26	0
de Simon et al., 1992	Molluscs, bivalve, mussels	1	Spain	1	R	40	37	3
Decastelli et al., 1993	Mussels, depurated	1	Italy	1	P	110	110	0
Decastelli et al., 1993	Mussels,	1	Italy	1	P	175	175	0
Degnan et al., 1994	Meat, blue crab	1	Australia	2	R	4	3	1
Draughon et al., 1999	Trout, rainbow	1	USA	3	R	74	36	E								30	8
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Clam, fresh	2	Egypt	2	R	4	3	1
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Coquina, fresh	2	Egypt	2	R	6	5	1
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Crab	2	Egypt	2	R	5	5	0
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Fin-fish, fresh	2	Egypt	2	R	39	34	5
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Fin-fish, frozen	2	Egypt	2	R	17	16	1												&nbs p;
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Oysters, raw	2	Egypt	2	R	2	2	0
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Shrimp	2	Egypt	2	R	5	4	1
Farber, 1991b	Shrimp, retail	1	Canada	1	R	20	16	4
Farber, 1991b	Surimi, etc	1	Canada	1	R	46	45	1
Ferrer and de Simón, 1993	Mussels, fresh	1	Spain	1	R	35	32	3
Ferrer and de Simón, 1993	Oysters, fresh	1	Spain	1	R	40	39	1
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989	Clam, raw	1	India	1	R	1	1	0
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989	Fish, fresh	2	India	1	R	9	9	0
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989	Fish, frozen	2	India	1	R	14	14	0
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Fish, other	1	Iceland	1	P or R	5	4	1
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Trout, fresh	1	Iceland	1	P or R	2	2	0
Heinitz, 1999	Fin-fish/shellfish	1	USA	3	P	9495	8791	704
Hofer and Ribeiro, 1990	Shrimp, frozen	1	Brazil	1	P	45	41	4
Hudson et al, 1992	Ready-to-eat seafood	1	New Zealand	1	R	50	37	13
Iida et al., 1998	Fin-fish & non-fin-fish	1	Japan	2	R	781	771	10
Inoue et al., 2000	Seafood, raw	1	Japan	3	R	213	206	E			1	1	2		2				1
Jeyasekaran et al., 1996	Fin-fish, tropical	2	India	2	P or R	29	24	5
Jeyasekaran et al., 1996	Shellfish, tropical	1	India	2	P or R	36	32	4
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Anchovy	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Duck-fish, Bombay	2	India	2< /td>	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Crab	1	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Fish, Doma-local	2	India	2	R	3	3	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Anchovy, Golden	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Salmon, Indian	2	India	2	R	1	1	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Mackeral	2	India	2	R	3	3	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Pom fret	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Shrimp, raw	1	India	2	R	5	5	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Fin, thread	2	India	2	R	3	3	0
Karpiskova et al., 2000	Fish, raw	1	Czech Republic	3	R	120	118	2
Karunasagar et al., 1992	Fish	2	India	1	P	200	200	0
Manoj et al., 1991	Fin-fish, fresh	2	India	1	P or R	51	51	0
Manoj et al., 1991	Shrimp, raw/process	1	India	1	P or R	19	19	0
Masuda et al., 1992	Fin-fish, fresh	1	Japan	1	R	382	373	9
Masuda et al., 1992	Shellfish, non-oyster	1	Japan	1	R	147	145	2
Masuda et al., 1992	Oysters, raw	1	Japan	1	R	84	84	0
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Fish & fish products	1	UK	1	?	46	29	17
Miettinen et al., 2001	Fish, raw	1	Finland	3	P	18	16	2
Miettinen et al., 2001	Roe	1	Finland	3	P	5	5	0
Monfort et al., 1998	Shellfish	1	France	1	P	120	109	11																				&n bsp;
Motes, 1991	Oysters, live	1	USA	1	P	75	75	0
Motes, 1991	Shrimp, live	1	USA	1	P	74	66	8
Ng and Seah, 1995	Crabmeat/scallops	1	Singapore	2	P or R	16	16	0
Ng and Seah, 1995	Fish cakes, fingers	2	Singapore	2	P or R	16	13	3
Ng and Seah, 1995	Tuna	2	Singapore	2	P or R	5	5	0
Norton et al., 2000	Fish, raw	1	USA	3	P	43	40	3
Norton et al., 2001	Fish, raw	1	USA	3	P	102	93	9
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Butterfish	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cod	1	USA	3	R	40	22	18
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Crab	1	USA	3	R	393	375	18
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Halibut	1	USA	3	R	6	0	6
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Fillets, ocean cats	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Perch	1	USA	3	R	17	17	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Seafood, raw	1	USA	3	R	40	28	12
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Surimi, raw	1	USA	3	R	3	2	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Fish, rock	1	USA	3	R	29	22	7
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Roe	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sable	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salmon	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Shrimp	1	USA	3	R	106	99	7
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Snapper	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sole	1	USA	3	R	54	35	19
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sushi-with & without rice	1	USA	3	R	42	41	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Fillets, turbot	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Pullela et al., 1998	Fin-fish, aquaculture	1	USA	1	P	140	140	0
Ravomanana et al., 1993	Shrimp, raw & fresh	1	France	1	R?	17	15	2
Rorvik and Yndestad, 1991	Fin-fish, minced	1	Norway	1	P	8	7	1
Ryu et al., 1992	Fish, other	1	Japan	1	R	6	6	0
Ryu et al., 1992	Fish, salt sushi	1	Japan	1	R	10	10	0
Ryu et al., 1992	Fish, sushi	1	Japan	1	R	18	15	3
Ryu et al., 1992	Prawn, raw, 'sushi'	1	Japan	1	R	38	37	1
Ryu et al., 1992	Tuna, minced sushi	1	Japan	1	R	37	34	3
Scoglio et al., 2000	Shellfish, raw	1	Italy	3	R	23	23	0
Scoglio et al., 2000	Shrimp, raw	1	Italy	3	R	17	17	0
Soriano et al.,2001	Hake, raw	1	Spain	3	R	4	4	0
Soriano et al.,2001	Salmon, raw	1	Spain	3	R	4	4	0
Soriano et al.,2001	Sole, raw	1	Spain	3	R	6	6	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Crustacean/shellfish	1	Germany	1	R?	32	32	E
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Crustacean/shellfish	1	Germany	1	R?	80	80	0								&n bsp;
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish & fish parts	1	Germany	1	R?	35	33	E										1			1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish & fish parts	1	Germany	1	R?	238	232	6
Vogel et al., 2001a	Salmon, raw	1	Denmark	3	P	92	90	2
Weagant et al., 1988	Fin-fish, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	40	39	1
Weagant et al., 1988	Lobster tail, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	20	19	1
Weagant et al., 1988	Oysters, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	10	10	0
Weagant et al., 1988	Scallops, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	18	18	0
Weagant et al., 1988	Shrimp, raw & frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	70	60	10
Weagant et al., 1988	Squid, langostinos, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	20	20	0
Weagant et al., 1988	Surimi, frozen	1	USA	1	R or P	66	46	20
Wong et al., 1990	Fish & non-fish, local frozen and refrigerated	2	Taiwan	1	R	57	51	6
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Finfish, raw	1	Japan	3	R	10	10	0
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Octopus, raw, squid, trepang	1	Japan	3	R	7	7	0
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Salmon, raw	1	Japan	3	R	12	11	1
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Shellfish, raw	1	Japan	3	R	10	10	0
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Shrimp, raw	1	Japan	3	R	10	10	0
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Seafood, surimi and minced	1	Japan	3	R	10	10	0
Yamazaki et al., 2000	Seafood,	1	Japan	3	R	8	8	0
Total=						15634	14541	1013			1	1	28		8	30	8	1	2		1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated.

**Preserved Fish Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995	Fish, preserved	1	Denmark	2	R	335	300	E⁴					18		11				6
Baek et al., 2000	Dried shrimp, squid & mussels	1	Korea	3	R	12	12	0
Choi et al.,2001	Dried squid & mussels	1	Korea	3	R	20	20	0
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995	Fin-fish, smoke & salted	2	Egypt	2	R	11	10	1
Ericsson et al, 1997	Trout, gravad	1	Sweden	2	P/R	8	3	E										3		1												1
Fuchs and Sirvas, 1991	Ceviche	1	Peru	1	R	32	29	3
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989	Fish, dried & salted	2	India	1	R	11	11	0
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Gravad	1	Iceland	1	P or R	23	17	6
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Haddock, dried	1	Iceland	1	P or R	5	5	0
Jemmi, 1990	Fin-fish, pickled	1	Switzer-land	1	R	89	66	23
Jorgensen and Huss, 1998	Fish, gravad	1	Denmark	2	P	91	68	E					5		10					5						3
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Anchovy, dried	2	India	2	R	3	3	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Anchovy, Golden dried	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Dried fish "Bombay Duck"	2	India	2	R	3	3	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Mackeral, dried	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Shrimp, dried	1	India	2	R	3	3	0
Loncarevic et al, 1996	Fish, gravad	1	Sweden	2	R	58	46	12
Hatakka et al, 2001	Fish, cold-salted & vacuum-packed	1	Finland	3	R	82	77	E										5
McLauchlin & Gilbert, 1990	Cooked fish & fish products	1	UK	1	?	346	334	12
Miettinen et al, 2001	Fish, cold & salted	1	Finland	3	P	10	8	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Clams, salted	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salmon, salted	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Anchovies, seasoned	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Rorvik and Yndestad, 1991	Shrimp, brined	1	Norway	1	P	16	13	3
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish, processed	1	Germany	1	R?	186	185	E										1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fish, processed	1	Germany	1	R?	119	106	13
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Dried squid, salmon, shishamo smelt	1	Japan	3	R	4	4	0
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Seafood, fermented	1	Japan	3	R	7	7	0
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Sushi flatfish, fermented	1	Japan	3	R	1	0	1
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Salad, marinated seafood	1	Japan	3	R	8	8	0
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Sushi sandfish, fermented	1	Japan	3	R	1	0	1
Total=						1495	1349	77					23		21			9	6	6						3						1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Ready-to-eat Crustacean Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Dauphin et al, 2001	Mussels, shelled cooked	1	France	3	P	2	0	2
Degnan et al, 1994	Crab	1	USA	2	R	4	1	2							1
Farber, 1991b	Shrimp, wholesale	1	Canada	1	R	49	45	1			1		2
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Shellfish, cooked	1	Iceland	1	P or R	11	11	0
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991	Shrimp, cooked & processed	1	Iceland	1	P or R	11	10	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Crab, cooked	1	USA	3	R	95	90	5
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Shrimp, cooked	1	USA	3	R	236	234	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Crab, imitation	1	USA	3	R	24	24	0
Ravomanana et al, 1993	Shrimp, cooked	1	France	1	R?	35	31	4
Rawles et al, 1995	Crab	1	USA	2	P	126	116	E⁴					1		8												1
Richmond, 1990	Miscellany, cooked	1	UK	1	R	40	40	0
Valdimarsson, et al, 1998	Shrimp, cooked & frozen	1	Iceland	2	P	3331	3259	72
Weagant et al, 1988	Crab, cooked	1	USA	1	R or P	24	17	7
Weagant et al, 1988	Shrimp, cooked	1	USA	1	R or P	8	6	2
Yamazaki et al, 2000	Seafood, boiled	1	Japan	3	R	8	8	0
Total=						4004	3892	98			1		3		9												1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Vegetables Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Beckers et al, 1987	Vegetables, fresh & cut	1	Nether-lands	1	?	25	14	E⁴										11
Benezet et al., 2001	Celery,	1	Spain	3	P	3	3	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Cilantro	1	Spain	3	P	1	1	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Onion,	1	Spain	3	P	3	3	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Laurel	1	Spain	3	P	1	1	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Parsley	1	Spain	3	P	1	1	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Thyme	1	Spain	3	P	1	1	0
Benezet et al., 2001	Winter sweet	1	Spain	3	P	2	2	0
Breer, 1988	Salads	1	Switzer-land	1	R	64	61	3
Breer, 1988	Vegetables	1	Switzer-land	1	R	27	27	0
Choi et al.,2001	Vegetables, raw	2	Korea	3	R	205	205	0
Daley et al., 1999	Vegetables	1	Canada	3	R	25	25	0
de Simon et al., 1992	Vegetables, fresh	1	Spain	1	R	103	95	8
Farber et al., 1989	Celery	1	Canada	1	R	30	30	0
Farber et al., 1989	Lettuce	1	Canada	1	R	50	50	0
Farber et al., 1989	Radishes	1	Canada	1	R	10	10	0
Farber et al., 1989	Tomatoes	1	Canada	1	R	20	20	0
Garcia-Gimeno et al., 1996	Salads	1	Spain	2	P	70	49	21
Hartung, 2000b	Salads, minimally processed fresh vegetables	1	Germany	3	R	59	58	1
Hartung, 2001	Vegetable foods, other	1	Germany	3	R?	676	671	5
Hartung, 2001	Vegetable foods, other	1	Germany	3	R?	672	667	E										5
Hartung, 1999	Salad	1	Germany	3	R	23	20	3
Heinitz, 1999	Salads, vegetable	1	USA	3	P	361	341	20
Heisick et al., 1989	Cabbage	1	USA	1	R	92	91	1
Heisick et al., 1989	Cucumbers	1	USA	1	R	92	90	2
Heisick et al., 1989	Lettuce	1	USA	1	R	92	92	0
Heisick et al., 1989	Mushrooms	1	USA	1	R	92	92	0
Heisick et al., 1989	Radishes	1	USA	1	R	132	113	19
Inoue et al., 2000	Vegetables	1	Japan	3	R	285	285	0
Karpiskova et al., 2000	Vegetables	1	Czech Republic	3	R	156	152	4
Lin et al., 1996	Salads, vegetable	1	USA	2	R	58	57	1
Marranzano et al., 1996	Celery	1	Italy	2	R	20	18	2
Marranzano et al., 1996	Fennel	1	Italy	2	R	31	30	1
Marranzano et al., 1996	Lettuce	1	Italy	2	R	32	31	1
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Vegetables & salads,	1	UK	1	?	567	495	69																			3
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Vegetables & salads,	1	UK	1	?	279	255	24
Monge and Arias, 1996	Cabbage salad	1	Costa Rica	2	R	50	40	10
NFPA, 2002	Salad, leafy bagged & precut	1	USA-CA	3	R	1515	1501	E	12	1					1
NFPA, 2002	Salad, leafy bagged & precut	1	USA-MD	3	R	1448	1440	E	5				1		1					1
Odumeru et al., 1997	Broccoli florets	1	Canada	2	P	15	13	E											2
Odumeru et al., 1997	Broccoli florets	1	Canada	2	P	20	20	E
Odumeru et al., 1997	Coleslawmix	1	Canada	2	P	15	14	E											1
Odumeru et al., 1997	Coleslawmix	1	Canada	2	P	20	20	E
Odumeru et al., 1997	Green peppers	1	Canada	2	P	20	20	E
Odumeru et al., 1997	Green peppers	1	Canada	2	P	15	14	E										1
Odumeru et al., 1997	Lettuce, chopped	1	Canada	2	P	24	22	E										2
Odumeru et al., 1997	Lettuce, chopped	1	Canada	2	P	15	12	E										2	1
Odumeru et al., 1997	Salad mix	1	Canada	2	P	15	9	E										2	4
Odumeru et al., 1997	Salad mix	1	Canada	2	P	24	21	E										2	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Broccoli	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cabbage	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Celery	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cilentro	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Green Beans	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Jalapeno	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Kelp	1	USA	3	R	11	10	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Kidney, Mung. Bean	1	USA	3	R	33	33	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Lettuce	1	USA	3	R	15	15	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, mixed vegetable	1	USA	3	R	49	47	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Mushroom	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Onion	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pea	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Potato	1	USA	3	R	14	14	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Radish	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Spinach	1	USA	3	R	3	2	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sprouts	1	USA	3	R	109	109	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Tomato	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Vegetable	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Yam	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Root, beet	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Cabbage	2	India	3	R	4	3	1
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Carrot	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Coriander	1	India	3	R	10	9	1
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Cucumber	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Lettuce	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Leaves, math vegetable	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Roots, math	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Leaves, radish	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Roots, radish	2	India	3	R	4	4	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Salads, ready-to-eat	2	India	3	R	12	12	0
Pingulkar et al., 2001	Capsicum	2	India	3	R	4	3	1
Porto et al., 2001	Cabbage	2	Brazil	3	R	50	50	0
Porto et al., 2001	Lettuce	2	Brazil	3	R	100	96	2				2
Porto et al., 2001	Parsley	1	Brazil	3	R	50	48	2
Porto et al., 2001	Watercress	1	Brazil	3	R	50	48	2
Salamah, 1993	Cabbage	2	Saudi Arabia	1	R	70	68	2
Salamah, 1993	Carrot	2	Saudi Arabia	1	R	120	104	16
Salamah, 1993	Cucumber	2	Saudi Arabia	1	R	110	106	4
Salamah, 1993	Lettuce	2	Saudi Arabia	1	R	80	79	1
Sizmur and Walker, 1988	Vegetables, mixed	1	UK	1	R	60	56	4
Soriano et al.,2001	Lettuce	1	Spain	3	R	10	9	1
Soriano et al.,2001	Lettuce,	1	Spain	3	R	10	9	1
Soriano et al.,2001	Spinach	1	Spain	3	R	10	10	0
Soriano et al.,2001	Spinach	1	Spain	3	R	10	10	0
Szabo et al.,2000	Lettuce	1	Australia	3	R	60	59	1
Szabo et al.,2000	Lettuce	1	Australia	3	P	60	58	2
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Legumes	1	Germany	1	R?	13	12	1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Mushrooms	1	Germany	1	R?	8	8	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Vegetables, fresh	1	Germany	1	R?	6	6	0
Velani and Roberts, 1991	Individual salad ingredients (bean sprouts, cabbage, carrot, celery, cress, cucumber, lettuce, mushroom, peppers, radish, spring onions, tomato, vegetables, watercress)	1	UK	1	R	108	106	E														2
Velani and Roberts, 1991	Salads, mixed & prepacked	1	UK	1	R	42	34	E														8
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Salad, raw vegetables	1	UK	1	R	237	224	2								5	3			2						1
Wong et al., 1990	Vegetables	2	Taiwan	1	R	49	43	6
Total=						9223	8892	249	17	1		2	1		2	5	3	25	9	3		10				1	3
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Fruit Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Heinitz, 1999	Fruit products	1	USA	3	P	117	89	28
Karpiskova et al., 2000	Fruit, dried	1	Czech Republic	3	R	12	12	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Apples	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Blueberries	1	USA	3	R	6	4	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cantalope	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, fruit	1	USA	3	R	23	23	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Fruit, various	1	USA	3	R	17	17	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Gelatin dessert with fruit	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Melons	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pears	1	USA	3	R	35	35	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pineapples	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Watermelons	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fruit, fresh	1	Germany	1	R?	7	7	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Fruit, product	1	Germany	1	R?	1	1	0
Total=						254	224	30
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown.

**Fresh Soft Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Frye, 2000	Queso Fresco	1	USA	3	R	1724	1678	46
Frye, 2000	Queso Fresco	1	USA	3	R	22	20	2
Gelosa, 1990	Cheese, fresh (fornaggio fresco)	1	Italy	1	R	17	17	0
NFPA, 2002	Cheese, Hispanic style	1	USA-CA	3	R	1482	1481	E⁴							1
NFPA, 2002	Cheese, Hispanic style	1	USA-MD	3	R	1454	1450	E	2						2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Queso Fresco	1	USA	3	R	13	11	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Panela	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Saltijeral et al., 1999	Panellá	1	Mexico	3	R	40	34	6
Ubach et al., 1991	Quesofresco, requesoy	1	Spain	1	R?	91	84	7
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, fresh cow & goat milk	1	Germany	1	?	22	20	2
Total=						4866	4796	65	2						3
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Soft Unripened Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Copes et al., 2000	Cheeses, soft paste	2	Argentina	3	R	35	31	4
Frye, 2000	Cheese, farmer	1	USA	3	R	18	18	0
Frye, 2000	Gournay	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, fresh port	1	USA	3	R	84	83	1
Frye, 2000	Quark	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, sheep milk	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Greenwood et al., 1991	Cheese, unripened	1	UK	1	R	366	362	E⁴																	4
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Cheese, cottage	1	UK	1	?	137	137	0
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Anari	1	UK	1	R/P	23	9	E					10																			4
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Halloumi	1	UK	1	R/P	11	3	E					8
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, cottage	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, cream	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Creme Mexicana	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Spieisequark	1	Germany	1	R	22	21	E										1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Spieisequark-quargel	1	Germany	1	R	20	20	0
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Cheese, cottage	1	UK	1	R	74	74	0
Total=						814	782	5					18					1							4							4
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Soft Ripened Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Beckers et al, 1987	Brie/ Camembert (from pasteurized milk)	1	Nether-lands	1	?	51	51	0
Beckers et al, 1987	Brie/ Camembert (from raw milk)	1	Nether-lands	1	?	18	8	0																		10
Botarelli et al., 1999	Feta/cheese, soft & short-ripened	1	Italy	3	R	15	15	0
Botarelli et al., 1999	Brie/cheese, soft & short-ripened	1	Italy	3	R	15	15	0
Botarelli et al., 1999	Crescenza/ cheese, soft & short-ripened	1	Italy	3	R	15	15	0
Botarelli et al., 1999	Taleggio/ cheese, soft, short-ripened	1	Italy	3	R	15	15	0
Breer and Schopfer, 1989	Cheese, white mold	1	Switzer-land	1	?	261	254	7
Delgado da Silva et al., 1998	Minas frescal chomemadel, Brazilian soft cheese eaten fresh	2	Brazil	2	R	17	10	7
Frye, 2000	Cheese, feta	1	USA	3	R	34	34	0
Frye, 2000	Brie	1	USA	3	R	20	20	0
Frye, 2000	Camambert	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Frye, 2000	Mozzarella	1	USA	3	R	17	17	0
Hartung, 2000a.	soft, mold-ripened cheese	1	Germany	3	R	234	230	4
Hartung, 2001	soft, mold-ripened cheese	1	Germany	3	?	62	59	3
Hartung, 2001	soft, mold-ripened cheese	1	Germany	3	?	41	39	E⁴										1										1
Hartung, 1999	soft, mold-ripened cheese	1	Germany	3	R	82	74	8
Loncarevic et al., 1995	soft, mold-ripened cheese	1	Europe Sweden	2	R	31	18	E										9		1							2				1
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Feta	1	UK	1	R	3	3	0
NFPA, 2002	Cheese, soft mold ripened	1	USA	3	R	1347	1333	E	12				2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Camembert	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, pyramid goat	1	USA	3	R	10	10	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, feta goat	1	USA	3	R	9	9	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Mozzarella	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Pinto and Reali, 1996	Taleggio	1	Italy	2	R	45	45	0
Pinto and Reali, 1996	Mozzarella	1	UK	2	R	29	25	4
Rudolf et al., 2001	Cheese, soft	1	Europe	3	P or R	192	180	12
Sanchez-Rey et al., 1993	La Serena cheese, from raw ewes milk	1	Spain	1	P	15	10	5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Hartz mountain cheese Harzerkase	1	Germany	1	R	19	19	E
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Hartz mountain cheese Harzerkase	1	Germany	1	R?	19	14	5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Cheese, Sauermulchkase-sour milk hand	1	Germany	1	R	53	48	5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Cheese, Sauermulchkase-sour milk hand	1	Germany	1	R	69	64	E										2			3
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Romadur	1	Germany	1	R	23	18	E										5
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, soft	1	Germany	1	?	22	22	0
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, soft cow	1	Germany	1	?	307	299	8
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, soft goat & sheep	1	Germany	1	?	4	4	0
Total=						3109	2992	68	12				2					17		1	3					10	2	1			1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Semi-Soft Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Botarelli et al., 1999	Gorgonzola/ cheese	1	Italy	3	R	40	38	E⁴															2
Breer and Schopfer, 1989	Cheese, semi-soft	1	Switzer-land	1	?	205	201	4
de Boer and Kuik, 1987	Cheese, blue-veined	1	Nether-lands	1	R	20	18	2
Frye, 2000	Cheese, blue	1	USA	3	R	22	22	0
Frye, 2000	Butter cheese	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Gorgonzola	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Gouda	1	USA	3	R	39	39	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Gouda	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Havarti	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Jack	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Frye, 2000	Limburger	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Frye, 2000	Pinna Ricotta	1	USA	3	R	5	2	3
Frye, 2000	Roquefort	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, semi-soft	1	USA	3	R	135	135	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, semi-soft	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, string	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
NFPA, 2001	Cheese, blue-veined soft	1	USA	3	R	1623	1600	E	18	3			1		1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, blue	1	USA	3	R	21	21	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Monterey Jack	1	USA	3	R	54	54	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Muenster	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, semi-soft goat	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, string	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Swiss	1	USA	3	R	12	12	0
Pinto and Reali, 1996	Gorgonzola	1	UK	2	R	58	55	3
Rudolf and Scherer, 2001	Cheese, semi-soft	1	Europe	3	P or R	92	85	7
Saltijeral et al., 1999	Manchego	1	Mexico	3	R	40	40	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Edam	1	Germany	1	R	3	1	E										2
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Edam	1	Germany	1	R	9	9	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Limburger	1	Germany	1	R	21	19	E										1			1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Limburger	1	Germany	1	R	1	1	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Muenster	1	Germany	1	R	5	0	5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Muenster	1	Germany	1	R	8	0	E										1			6							1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Stangenkase, Limburger type	1	Germany	1	R	3	3	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Stangenkase, Limburger type	1	Germany	1	R	11	10	E													1
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, semi-soft	1	Germany	1	?	144	125	19
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, sheep semi-soft	1	Germany	1	?	6	6	0
Total=						2615	2534	43	18	3			1		1			4			8		2					1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Hard Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Breer and Schopfer, 1989	Cheese, hardHartkase	1	Switzerland	1	?	88	88	0
Delgado da Silva et al., 1998	Cheese, Cheddar	2	Brazil	2	R	2	2	0
Frye, 2000	Cacique Asadero	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Colby Jack semi-soft	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Parmesan	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Frye, 2000	Cheese, Provolone	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Frye, 2000	Queso Anejo	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Greenwood et al., 1991	Cheese, hard	1	UK	1	R	66	65	E⁴																	1
Lanciotti et al., 1999	Cheese, hard ripened	1	Italy	3	P	45	45	0
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Cheese, hard	1	UK	1	?	448	442	6
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Cheese, Cheddar goat	1	UK	1	R/P	8	4	E					2																		1	1
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Gjestost	1	UK	1	R	1	0	E					1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Cheddar	1	USA	3	R	65	65	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Cheddar	1	USA	3	R	19	19	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, Colby Jack	1	USA	3	R	9	9	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, hard	1	USA	3	R	48	48	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Quesco Cotija	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Rudolf and Scherer, 2001	Cheese, hard	1	Europe	3	P or R	45	43	2
Saltijeral et al., 1999	Chihuahua	1	Mexico	3	R	40	40	0
Weber et al., 1988	Cheese, hard	1	Germany	1	?	4	4	0
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Cheese, hard	1	UK	1	R	74	74	0
Total=						973	959	8					3												1						1	1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Processed Cheese Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Baek et al., 2000	Cheese, pasturized & processed	2	Korea	3	R	45	45	0
Ng and Seah, 1995	Cheese & spreads	2	Singapore	2	P/R	103	103	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cheese, processed	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Cheese, Schnittkase-sliced	1	Germany	1	R	96	95	1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Cheese, Schnittkase-sliced	1	Germany	1	R	77	75	E⁴										2
Total=						325	322	1										2
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Pasteurized Milk Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Ahrabi et al., 1997	Milk, cow's	2	Turkey	2	R	20	19	1
Arnold and Coble, 1995	Milk, cow's	1	Australia	2	R	33	33	0
Baek et al., 2000	Milk, pasteurized	2	Korea	3	R	26	26	0
Beckers et al, 1987	Milk, cow's	1	Nether-lands	1	?	41	41	0
Casarotti et al., 1994	Milk, cow's	2	Brazil	2	R	20	20	0
Farber et al., 1989	Milk, cow's	1	Canada	1	R	14	14	0
Fernandez Garayzabal et al., 1986	Milk, cow's	1	Spain	1	P	28	22	6
Gelosa, 1990	Milk, cow's	1	Italy	1	R	7	7	0
Gohil et al., 1995	Milk, cow's	2	UA Emirates	2	R	182	182	0
Greenaway and Drew, 1990	Milk, cow's	1	Australia	1	P	77	77	0
Greenwood et al., 1991	Milk, cow's	1	UK	1	R	1039	1028	11
Hartung, M. 2000b	Milk, pasteurized	1	Germany	3	R	651	651	0
Hartung, 2001	Milk, pasteurized	1	Germany	3	R	1452	1451	E⁴										1
Hartung, M., 1999	Milk, UHT	1	Germany	3	R	28	28	0
Hartung, M., 1999	Pasteurized milk	1	Germany	3	R	690	690	0
Harvey and Gilmour, 1992	Milk, cow's	1	Northern Ireland	1		95	94	1
Ibrahim et al., 1992	Milk, cow's	1	Hungary	1	R	100	100	0
Ibrahim et al., 1992	Milk, cow's	1	Hungary	1	R	60	53	7
Frye/IDFA, 2000b	Milk, cow's whole	1	USA	3	R	1897	1897	0
Frye/IDFA,2000b	Milk, cow's skim	1	USA	3	R	1846	1845	1
Frye/IDFA, 2000b	Milk, cow's Chocolate	1	USA	3	R	1669	1669	0
Frey/IDFA, 2000b	Milk, cow's reduced fat	1	USA	3	R	107	107	0
Frye/IDFA, 2000b	Milk, cow's	1	USA	3	R	285	285	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Milk, chocolate	1	USA	1	P	415	410	5
Kozak et al., 1996	Milk, lowfat	1	USA	1	P	282	282	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Milk, skim	1	USA	1	P	98	98	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Milk, whole	1	USA	1	P	350	348	2
Laciar et al., 1999	Milk, cow's	2	Argentina	3	P	80	80	0
McLaughlin and Gilbert, 1990	Milk, cow's	1	UK	1	?	469	469	0
Mickova, 1991	Milk, cow's	1	Czecho-slovakia	1	P	30	30	0
Moura et al., 1993	Milk, cow's	2	Brazil	1	P	220	220	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milk, chocolate	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milk, cow's	1	USA	3	R	39	39	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milk, goat's	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Rola, 1994	Milk, cow's	1	Poland	1	?	73	73	0
Roy, 1992	Milk, cow's	1	Scotland	1	?	115	111	4
Sharif and Tunail, 1991	Milk, cow's	2	Turkey	1	R	22	22	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Milk, cow's	1	Germany	1	R?	443	442	1
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Milk, treated	1	Germany	1	R?	41	39	E										2
Tiscione et al., 1994	Milk, cow's	1	Italy	2	P	50	50	0
Venables, 1989	Milk, cow's	1	Australia	1	P	206	205	1
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Milk, cow's	1	UK	1	R	66	65	E								1
Total=						12407	12363	40								1		3
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Non-pasteurized Milk Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Abou-Eleinin et al., 2000	Milk, raw goat	1	USA	3	P	450	433	17
Anonymous, 1989	Cows' milk	1	France	1	?	1409	1324	85
Arias et al., 1994	Cows' milk	2	Costa Rica	2	P	220	220	0
Baek et al., 2000	Milk, raw	2	Korea	3	R	45	43	2
Beckers et al., 1987	Cows' milk	1	Nether-lands	1	?	137	131	E⁴										6
Casarotti et al., 1994	Cows' milk	2	Brazil	2	R	20	20	0
Davidson et al., 1989	Cows' milk	1	Canada	1	P	256	252	4
Desmasures et al., 1997	Cows' milk	1	France	2	P	69	65	4
Dominguez Rodrigues et al., 1985	Cows' milk	1	Spain	1	P	95	52	43
Donnelly et al., 1988	Cows' milk	1	USA	1	P	939	924	15
Doyle and Schoeni, 1986	Cows' milk	1	USA	1	P	50	50	0
El Marrakchi et al., 1993	Cows' milk	2	Morocco	1	R	30	27	3
El-Leboudy and Fayad, 1992	Cows' milk	2	Egypt	1	P	236	229	7
Farber et al., 1988	Cows' milk	1	Canada	1	P	445	439	6
Fedio and Jackson, 1990	Cows' milk	1	Canada	1	P	36	35	1
Fedio and Jackson, 1990	Cows' milk	1	Canada	1	P	36	32	4
Fedio and Jackson, 1990	Cows' milk	1	Canada	1	P	426	418	8
Fenlon and Wilson, 1989	Cows' milk	1	Scotland	1	P	540	526	14
Fenlon et al., 1995	Cows' milk	1	Scotland	2	P	727	638	44					32		13
Fernandez Garayzabul et al., 1987	Cows' milk	1	Spain	1	P	67	37	30
Frye/IDFA, 2000	Milk, raw goat	1	USA	3	R	65	64	1
Frye/IDFA, 2000	Milk, raw	1	USA	3	R	194	193	1
Gledel, 1986	Milk, cow's	1	France	1	?	51	41	10
Gledel, 1986	Milk, cow's	1	France	1	?	337	323	14
Greenwood et al., 1991	Milk, cow's	1	UK	1	P	361	348	13
Hartung, 2000a.	Raw milk for sale (raw milk off farm)	1	Germany	3	R	187	184	3
Hartung, 2000a.	Milk, untreated (bulk raw milk)	1	Germany	3	R	964	955	9
Hartung, 2000a.	Milk, certified raw	1	Germany	3	R	415	415	0
Hartung, 1999	Raw milk for sale (raw milk off farm)	1	Germany	3	R	166	165	1
Hartung, 1999	Milk, untreated (bulk raw milk)	1	Germany	3	R	1273	1263	10
Hartung, 1999	Milk, certified & raw	1	Germany	3	R	439	439	0
Harvey and Gilmour, 1992	Milk, cow's	1	N. Ireland	1	P	176	149	27
Laciar et al., 1999	Milk, cow's	2	Argentina	3	P?	208	207	1
Liewen and Plautz, 1988	Milk, cow's	1	USA	1	P	200	192	8
Lovett et al., 1987	Milk, cow's	1	USA	1	P	650	623	27
Luisjuan-Morales et al., 1995	Milk, cow's	1	Mexico	2	R	100	100	0
Lund et al., 1991	Milk, cow's	1	USA	1	P	300	291	9
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Milk, cow's	1	UK	1	?	331	323	8
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Non-bovine	1	UK	1	?	412	412	0
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Milk, goat's	1	UK	1	P	7	7	0
Moura et al., 1993	Milk, cow's	2	Brazil	1	P	220	199	21
Oni et al., 1989	Milk, cow's	2	Nigeria	1	P	150	149	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milk, cow's	1	USA	3	R	385	384	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milk, goat's	1	USA	3	R	171	171	0
Patterson et al., 1989	Milk, cow's	1	USA	1	P	12	12	0
Razavi-Rohani and Hedaiatinia, 1990	Milk, cow's	2	Iran	1	P/R	190	186	4
Rea et al., 1992	Milk, cow's	1	Ireland	1	P	589	560	29
Rodler and Köerbler, 1989	Milk, cow's	1	Hungary	1	P	80	77	3
Rohrbach et al., 1992	Milk, cow's	1	USA	1	P	292	280	12
Slade and Collins-Thompson, 1988	Milk, cow's	1	Canada	1	P	315	298	17
Steele et al., 1997	Milk, cow's (farm bulk tank)	1	Canada	2	P	1720	1673	47
Stone, 1987	Milk, cow's	1	New Zealand	1	P	71	71	0
Takai et al., 1990	Milk, cow's	1	Japan	1	P	120	120	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Milk, cow's	1	Germany	1	R?	97	93	E										4
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Milk, cow's	1	Germany	1	R?	256	256	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Non-bovine	1	Germany	1	R?	39	39	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Non-bovine	1	Germany	1	R?	4	4	0
Vázquez-Salinas et al. 2001	Milk, raw	1	Mexico	3	P	1300	1138	162
Total=						19080	18299	726					32		13			10
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Frozen Dairy Products Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Arnold and Coble, 1995	Ice cream	1	Australia	2	R	166	143	23
Baek et al., 2000	Ice cream	2	Korea	3	R	132	124	8
Choi et al.,2001	Ice cream	2	Korea	3	R	25	25	0
Ciftcioglu et al., 1992	Ice cream	2	Turkey	1	?	50	45	5
Farber et al., 1989	Ice cream, novelty	1	Canada	1	P	51	50	1
Farber et al., 1989	Ice cream	1	Canada	1	P	394	393	1
Farber et al., 1989	Ice cream mix	1	Canada	1	P	85	85	0
Frye, 2000	Frozen dairy products	1	USA	3	R	69	65	4
Greenwood et al., 1991	Ice cream	1	UK	1	R	150	147	3
Hartung, 2000a.	Ice cream =speiseeis	1	Germany	3	R	2490	2489	1
Hartung, 2001	Speiseeis =icecream	1	Germany	3	R	1694	1692	2
Hartung, 2001	Speiseeis =icecream	1	Germany	3	R	1696	1694	E⁴										2
Hartung, 1999	Ice cream =speiseeis	1	Germany	3	R	2628	2625	3
Heinitz, 1999	Ice cream	1	USA	3	P	294	270	24
IDFA, 1999	Ice cream, novelties	1	USA	3	R	1227	1196	31
IDFA, 1999	Ice cream, novelties (0.01 detection limit)	1	USA	3	R	19320	19311	9
IDFA, 1999	Ice cream/ frozen yogurt	1	USA	3	R	517	517	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Ice cream, novelty	1	USA	2	P	351	321	30
Kozak et al., 1996	Ice cream	1	USA	2	P	716	688	28
Kozak et al., 1996	Ice milk	1	USA	2	P	42	42	0
Maifreni et al., 1993	Ice cream	1	Germany	1	R	396	396	0
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Ice cream	1	UK	1	?	274	257	17
Monge et al., 1994	Ice cream	1	Costa Rica	2	R	50	49	1
Monge et al., 1994	Ice cream	1	Costa Rica	2	R	50	49	1
Ng and Seah, 1995	Ice cream	2	Singapore	2	P/R	61	61	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Frozen yogurt	1	USA	3	R	31	31	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ice cream	1	USA	3	R	106	106	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ice cream mix	1	USA	3	R	57	57	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ice cream, novelty	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ice milk	1	USA	3	R	82	82	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Ice cream, iced products	1	Germany	1	R?	63	63	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Ice cream, iced products	1	Germany	1	R?	5	5	0
Unilever, 2000	Ice cream	2	Oceania/ Asia/ Africa	3	P	21416	21413	3
Unilever, 2000	Ice cream	1	America	3	P	16387	16382	5
Unilever, 2000	Ice cream	1	Europe	3	P	99216	99160	56
Warke et al., 2000	Ice creams	2	India	3	R	30	29	1
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Ice cream	1	UK	1	R	68	65	2								1
Total=						170391	170129	259								1		2
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Cultured Milk Products Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Greenwood et al., 1991	Yogurt	1	UK	1	R?	180	176	3																			1
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Yogurt	1	UK	1	?	209	209	0
McLauchlin et al., 1990	Yogurt	1	UK	1	R	2	2	0
Ng and Seah, 1995	Yogurt	2	Singapore	2	P/R	40	40	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Buttermilk	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Sour cream	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Yogurt	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Yogurt	1	UK	1	R	45	45	0
Total=						490	486	3																			1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown.

**High Fat and Other Dairy Products: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Frye, 2000	Butter	1	USA	3	R	23	23	0
Greenwood et al., 1991	Cream, pasteurized	1	UK	1	R	40	40	0
Hartung, 2000a.	milk products	1	Germany	3	R	958	956	2
Hartung, 2000a.	milk products,	1	Germany	3	R	6567	6538	29
Hartung, 2001	milk products,	1	Germany	3	R	266	264	2
Hartung, 2001	milk products,	1	Germany	3	R	537	533	E⁴										4
Hartung, 1999	milk products	1	Germany	3	R	45	45	0
Hartung, 1999	milk products,	1	Germany	3	R	8732	8552	180
Heinitz, 1999	milk product	1	USA	3	P	32	32	0
Heinitz, 1999	Milk products (not cheese or ice cream)	1	USA	3	P	271	267	4
Karpiskova et al., 2000	Dairy products	1	Czech Republic	3	R	209	207	2
Kozak et al., 1996	Butter	1	USA	2	P	30	30	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Cream	1	USA	2	P	52	52	0
Kozak et al., 1996	Cream half & half	1	USA	2	P	42	42	0
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Cream	1	UK	1	?	116	116	0
Ng and Seah, 1995	cream	2	Singapore	2	P/R	17	17	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pudding, chocolate	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Egg nog	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Half & half	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Milkshake	1	USA	3	R	55	55	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Dip	1	USA	3	R	42	40	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Whipping cream	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Butter	1	Germany	1	R?	19	14	E										5
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Butter	1	Germany	1	R?	97	97	0
Total=						18169	17939	221										9
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Frankfurter Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Hayes et al., 1992	Hotdogs	1	USA	1	R	40	28	E⁴			9		1		2
Levine, 2000	Hotdogs	1	USA	3	P	1593	1516	77
Levine, 2001	Hotdogs	1	USA	3	P	1800	1766	34
Ng and Seah, 1995	Franks, chicken & pork	2	Singapore	2	P/R	78	73	5
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Hotdog	1	USA	3	R	11	11	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Hotdogs, beef	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Hotdogs, turkey	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Qvist and Liberski, 1991	Frankfurter	1	Sweden?	1	R	64	56	8
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Frankfurter, sausage type	1	Greece	3	P	8	8	0
Wang and Muriana, 1994	Hotdogs	1	USA	2	R	117	93	16					8
Wenger et al., 1990	Wieners, turkey	1	USA	1	P	46	25	21
Total=						3763	3582	161			9		9		2
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Dry/Semi-dry Sausage Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Breer and Schopfer, 1989	Salami	1	Australia	1	?	63	59	4
Buncic, 1991	Sausage, fermented	1	Yugo-slavia	1	R	21	17	4
Cantoni et al., 1988	Salami & pork, seasoned meat products	1	Italy?	1	R?	225	219	6
Choi et al.,2001	Sausage, fermented	2	Korea	3	R	15	13	2
Farber et al., 1989	Sausages, fermented	1	Canada	1	R	30	24	6
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999	Cured chorizo	1	Spain	3	R	20	19	1
Lahellec et al., 1996	Sausage, dry	1	France	2	?	116	83	33
Lahellec et al., 1996	Sausage, smoked	1	France	2	?	45	39	6
Levine, 2000	Sausages, fermented	1	USA	3	P	352	335	17
Levine, 2001	Sausage, dry & semi-dry fermented	1	USA	3	P	856	841	15
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Beef Stick	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Ag, 2001	Pepperoni	1	USA	3	R	7	6	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salami	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Sausage, dry & fermented	1	Greece	3	P	4	4	0
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Sausage	1	Germany	1	R?	850	806	44
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993	Sausage, cooked & cured	1	Germany	1	R?	338	314	E⁴										21			3
Trüssel, 1989	Beef, salami & mettwurst	1	Germany	1	P	99	95	E								4
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Sausage, raw & fermented	1	Belgium	3	R	308	259	36						13
Total=						3357	3141	175						13		4		21			3
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Deli Meats Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Aguado et al., 2001	Deli meats	1	Spain	3	R	369	335	34
Baek et al., 2000	Ham	2	Korea	3	R	50	50	0
Bersot et al, 2001	Mortadella	2	Brazil	3	R	30	22	8
Daley et al., 1999	Meats, ready-to-eat	1	Canada	3	R	19	18	1
Gillespie et al., 2000	Deli meats	1	UK	3	R	3455	3442	E⁴										8		5
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999	Cold cuts	1	Spain	3	R	20	20	0
Kamat and Nair, 1994	Ham, cooked	2	India	2	R	2	2	0
Lahellec et al., 1996	Ham	1	France	2	?	45	44	1
Levine, 2000	Corned beef, roast and cooked	1	USA	3	P	2587	2523	64
Levine, 2000	Ham and luncheon meats, sliced	1	USA	3	P	978	930	48
Levine, 2000	Poultry, cooked	1	USA	3	P	4125	4036	89
Levine, 2000	Sausage, large diameter cooked	1	USA	3	P	2174	2148	26
Levine, 2001	Corned beef, roast cooked	1	USA	3	P	1939	1892	47
Levine, 2001	Ham-sliced/sliced luncheon	1	USA	3	P	2048	1971	77
Levine, 2001	Poultry, cooked	1	USA	3	P	2325	2294	31
Levine, 2001	Sausage, large diameter cooked	1	USA	3	P	2725	2712	13
Miettinen, et al., 2001	Broiler products, ready-to-eat	1	Finland	3	P	25	25	0
NFPA, 2002	Deli meats	1	USA-CA	3	R	4600	4572	E	10	8			6		1					2							1
NFPA, 2002	Deli meats	1	USA-MD	3	R	4599	4545	E	32	12			4		1					5
Ng and Seah, 1995	Ham/salami/bacon/ luncheon meat	2	Singapore	2	R	17	14	3
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey breast, smoked	1	Denmark	3	P	2	2	0
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey breast, cooked smoked	1	Denmark	3	P	18	18	0
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey cuvette, smoked	1	Denmark	3	P	17	17	0
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey fillet, smoked & ready-to-eat	1	Denmark	3	P	14	11	3
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey parts	1	Denmark	3	P	1	1	0
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey wings	1	Denmark	3	P	1	0	1
Ojeniyi et al., 2000	Turkey, cooked & smoked & diced	1	Denmark	3	P	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Beef, barbecue	1	USA	3	R	11	11	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Chicken, barbecue	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Meat, barbecue	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pork, barbecue	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Beef	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Bologna	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Chicken, breaded	1	USA	3	R	22	22	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Chicken, ready-to-eat	1	USA	3	R	74	72	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Corned beef	1	USA	3	R	6	6	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ham	1	USA	3	R	56	56	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Olive loaf	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pastrami	1	USA	3	R	14	14	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pork	1	USA	3	R	3	1	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Beef, roast	1	USA	3	R	108	108	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Turkey breast, sliced	1	USA	3	R	118	118	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Turkey ham	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Turkey pastrami	1	USA	3	R	8	7	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Turkey, ready-to-eat	1	USA	3	R	4	4	0
Qvist and Liberski, 1991	Ham	1	Sweden?	1	R	80	72	8
Qvist and Liberski, 1991	Pork loin	1	Sweden?	1	R	80	62	18
Qvist and Liberski, 1991	Sausages	1	Sweden?	1	R	80	72	8
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Bacon	1	Greece	3	P	4	4	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Ham like products	1	Greece	3	P	4	3	1
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Ham, sliced & vacuum-packed	1	Greece	3	P	6	5	1
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Mortadella	1	Greece	3	P	4	4	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Pariza	1	Greece	3	P	2	2	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Pork shoulder, sliced & vacuum-packed	1	Greece	3	P	6	6	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Sausage, country type	1	Greece	3	P	10	9	1
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Sausage, Emulsion type	1	Greece	3	P	12	12	0
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999	Turkey breast, smoked	1	Greece	3	P	4	4	0
Soriano et al., 2001	Beef, ready-to-eat	1	Spain	3	R	5	5	0
Soriano et al., 2001	Chicken, ready-to-eat	1	Spain	3	R	5	5	0
Soriano et al., 2001	Pork, ready-to-eat	1	Spain	3	R	5	5	0
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Ham, cooked sliced	1	Belgium	3	R	879	817	54						8
Total=						33824	33179	542	42	20			10	8	2			8		12							1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Pâté and Meat Spreads Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995	Pâté	1	Denmark	2	R	341	333	6							1					1
Dominguez et al., 2001	Pâté	1	Spain	3	R	182	172	E⁴										9		1
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999	Pâté	1	Spain	3	R	20	20	0
Lahellec et al., 1996	Pâté	1	France	2	?	110	96	14
Levine, 2000	Meat spreads	1	USA	3	P	264	254	10
Levine, 2000	Pâté	1	USA	3	P	249	244	5
Levine, 2001	Meat spreads	1	USA	3	P	105	103	2
Levine, 2001	Pâté	1	USA	3	P	103	103	0
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990	Pâté	1	UK	1	?	696	580	99																		17
Morris and Ribeiro, 1989	Pâté	1	UK	1	R	73	36	E								18	5			4							3		4	3
Morris and Ribeiro, 1991	Pâté	1	UK	1	R	216	141	6								42	6			7							4	10
Nichols et al., 1998	Pâté, fish & seafood	1	UK	2	R	122	113	1														6		2
Nichols et al., 1998	Pâté, meat-based	1	UK	2	R	1804	1767	1														29		1			2		2			2
Nichols et al., 1998	Pâté, poultry-based	1	UK	2	R	528	511	E														11		2			1		2		1
Nichols et al., 1998	Pâté, undefined	1	UK	2	R	380	369	E														9							1			1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Ham spread	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pâté, salmon	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pâté, shrimp	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Pâté, tuna	1	USA	3	R	1	1	0
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Aspic mince, prepacked, cooked	1	Belgium	3	R	48	43	4						1
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Aspic mince, unprepackaged & cooked	1	Belgium	3	R	67	66	1
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Pâté mince, prepacked & cooked	1	Belgium	3	R	217	211	6
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Pâté mince, unprepackaged & cooked	1	Belgium	3	R	130	123	6						1
Total=						5665	5295	161						2	1	60	11	9		13		55		5		17	10	10	9	3	1	3
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

**Deli-type Salad Food Category: Contamination Data**
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units)
Reference	Food	Geographic Region¹	Country	Pub. Date²	Sample Collection³	Total # of Samples from the reference	<0.04	0.04	>0.01-0.1	>0.1-1	<0.3	0.3-<10	<10	10	10-100	<20	20-100	<100	>100	100-1000	1E2- 1E4	<200	200-500	200-1000	<500	>1000	1E3-1E4	>1E4	1E4-1E5	>1E5	1E5-1E6	>1E6
Buchanan et al., 1989	Salad, seafood	1	USA	1	R	2	2	0
Hartemink and Georgsson 1991	Salads, seafood	1	Iceland	1	P/R	37	31	6
Hartung, 2000a.	Delicatessen salads, other	1	Germany	3	R	485	479	6
Hartung, 2001	Delicatessen salads, other	1	Germany	3	R	26	25	1
Hartung, 2001	Delicatessen salads, other	1	Germany	3	R	389	374	E⁴										15
Hartung, 1999	Delicatessensalads, unspecified	1	Germany	3	R	354	351	3
Levine, 2000	Various meat & poultry salads	1	USA	3	P	1645	1594	51
Levine, 2001	Salads, deli	1	USA	3	P	630	623	7
Lin et al., 1996	Salads(2 egg, 2 cheese, 1dressing)	1	USA	2	R	5	5
NFPA, 2002	Salads, deli	1	USA-CA	3	R	4256	4157	E	78	14			4		2												1
NFPA, 2002	Salad, seafood	1	USA-CA	3	R	1248	1221	E	26	1
NFPA, 2002	Salads, deli	1	USA-MD	3	R	4293	4190	E	84	14			5
NFPA, 2002	Salad, seafood	1	USA-MD	3	R	1313	1225	E	56	18			10		2					2
Ng and Seah, 1995	Cole slaw/vegetable salad	2	Singapore	2	R	50	48	2
Ng and Seah, 1995	Fish, tuna salad	2	Singapore	2	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Antipasto	1	USA	3	R	3	3	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, broccoli & cheese	1	USA	3	R	50	50	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Caesar salad	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Chef salad	1	USA	3	R	31	31	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, chicken	1	USA	3	R	222	218	4
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Cole slaw	1	USA	3	R	161	159	2
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, crab	1	USA	3	R	9	9	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Creamy Fruit	1	USA	3	R	5	5	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, egg	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, Greek	1	USA	3	R	8	8	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, ham	1	USA	3	R	7	7	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, macaroni with cheese	1	USA	3	R	194	193	1
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, meat	1	USA	3	R	17	17	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, pasta	1	USA	3	R	115	115	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, pea	1	USA	3	R	45	42	3
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, potato	1	USA	3	R	302	302	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, salmon	1	USA	3	R	2	2	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, seafood	1	USA	3	R	211	211	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, shrimp	1	USA	3	R	48	48	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, tortellini	1	USA	3	R	14	14	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, tuna	1	USA	3	R	16	16	0
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001	Salad, turkey	1	USA	3	R	22	22	0
Ryu et al., 1992	Salad, potato	1	Japan	1	R	3	3	0
Scoglio et al., 2000	Fish marinate & seafood salad	1	Italy	3	R	5	5	0
Teufel and Bendzulla 1993	Salad, meat & egg	1	Germany	1	R?	252	241	11
Teufel and Bendzulla 1993	Deli, mayonnaise	1	Germany	1	R?	360	333	E										24			3
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Salad, chicken	1	Belgium	3	R	152	110	41						1
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Salad, fish & shrimp	1	Belgium	3	R	362	249	99						14
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Salad, ham	1	Belgium	3	R	159	121	33						5
Uyttendaele et al., 1999	Other salad (veg) with mayonnaise	1	Belgium	3	R	201	186	13						2
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Salad, egg/egg mayonnaise	1	UK	1	R	101	83	E								2	6									10
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Salad, fish	1	UK	1	R	33	32	E								1
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Salad, meat/egg	1	UK	1	R	15	13	E								1	1
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991	Salad, fruit/nut	1	UK	1	R	43	42	E								1
Total=						17915	17229	283	244	47			19	22	4	5	7	39		2	3					10	1
¹ Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. ² 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. ³ R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. ⁴ E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated

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FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition USDA/Food Safety and Inspection Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention September 2003

Quantitative Assessment of Relative Risk to Public Healthfrom Foodborne Listeria monocytogenesAmong Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods

Appendix 7: Contamination Data Sets, Part 1

FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USDA/Food Safety and Inspection Service
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
September 2003

Quantitative Assessment of Relative Risk to Public Health
from Foodborne Listeria monocytogenes
Among Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods