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Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 | ||||||
Aguado et al., 2001 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 52 | 36 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Mussels, frozen & smoked | 1 | Korea | 3 | R | 68 | 65 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cortesi et al., 1997 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Italy | 2 | P | 100 | 80 | 8 | 11 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cortesi et al., 1997 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Italy | 2 | P | 65 | 53 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Coalfish, smoked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Salmon, fresh & smoked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 11 | 0 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Salmon Skin, smoked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 2 | 1 | E4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 21 | 19 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Tuna, smoked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dillon et al., 1994 | Fin-fish, hot/cold-smoked | 1 | Canada | 2 | ? | 258 | 246 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dominguez et al., 2001 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 170 | 132 | E | 18 | 18 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Eklund et al., 1995 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 61 | 13 | E | 48 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ericsson et al., 1997 | Trout, smoked | 1 | Sweden | 2 | P&R | 9 | 6 | E | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber, 1991b | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Canada/etc | 1 | P | 32 | 22 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Garland, 1995 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Australia | 2 | P | 285 | 284 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Guyer and Jemmi, 1990 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | P | 64 | 60 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Fish, smoked | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P/R | 31 | 30 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz and Johnson, 1998 | Fish, smoked | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 1080 | 929 | 151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hudson et al., 1992 | Mussels, smoked | 1 | New Zealand | 1 | R | 14 | 9 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hudson et al., 1992 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | New Zealand | 1 | R | 12 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inoue et al., 2000 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 92 | 87 | E | 4 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Jemmi, 1990 | Fin-fish, cold-smoked | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | R | 324 | 280 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jemmi, 1990 | Fin-fish, hot-smoked | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | R | 496 | 452 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998 | Halibut, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 20 | 11 | E | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998 | Halibut, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 20 | 8 | E | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 190 | 126 | E | 53 | 9 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 115 | 69 | E | 11 | 23 | 10 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Jørgensen and Huss, 1998 | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 75 | 43 | E | 17 | 11 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hatakka et al., 2001 | Smoked, cold & vacuum-packed | 1 | Finland | 3 | R | 232 | 222 | E | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen, H., et al., 2001 | Fish, cold-smoked | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 12 | 10 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen, H., et al., 2001 | Fish, hot-smoked | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 13 | 12 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Seafood, smoked | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 1363 | 1292 | E | 44 | 5 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Seafood, smoked | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 1324 | 1281 | E | 23 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Mussels, smoked | 1 | Singapore | 2 | R | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norton et al., 2000 | Fish, cold-smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 38 | 32 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norton et al., 2001 | Fish, cold-smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 96 | 85 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cod, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Halibut,smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Oysters, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 130 | 129 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Seafood, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Shad, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Snapper, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sockeye, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sturgeon, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Trout, smoked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scoglio et al., 2000 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 21 | 18 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish, smoked | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 71 | 66 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish, smoked | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 309 | 287 | E | 14 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Vogel et al., 2001a | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 324 | 231 | 93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vogel et al., 2001b | Salmon, cold-smoked | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 200 | 65 | 135 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Herring, smoked | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Salmon, smoked | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 12 | 10 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 7855 | 6844 | 589 | 67 | 11 | 4 | 129 | 56 | 93 | 42 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated. |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adesiyun, 1993 | Fish & shrimp, raw | 2 | Trinidad | 1 | R | 102 | 100 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995 | Fish, raw | 1 | Denmark | 2 | R | 232 | 199 | E4 | 26 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Halibut, raw | 1 | Korea | 3 | R | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Shellfish | 1 | Korea | 3 | R | 250 | 247 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Berry et al., 1994 | Shrimp, imported & frozen | 1 | USA | 2 | R | 30 | 28 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Catfish, fresh | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Clam, raw | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Fin-fish, fresh | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 4 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Oysters, uncooked | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Scallops, raw | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Shrimp, raw & frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Surimi, crab | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colburn et al., 1990 | Oysters, live | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 35 | 35 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Fillet, coalfish | 1 | France | 3 | P | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Fillet, cod | 1 | France | 3 | P | 4 | 0 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Salmon, cut & raw | 1 | France | 3 | P | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Herring, frozen | 1 | France | 3 | P | 5 | 0 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Surfaces, raw salmon (filets) | 1 | France | 3 | P | 8 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Surfaces, raw salmon (whole) | 1 | France | 3 | P | 7 | 1 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dauphin et al., 2001 | Surfaces, raw salmon | 1 | France | 3 | P | 18 | 16 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Plaice/raw food | 1 | Great Britain | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Salmon/raw seafood | 1 | Great Britain | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Sardine/raw seafood | 1 | Portugal | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Trout/raw seafood | 1 | Great Britain | 3 | R | 20 | 18 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Trout/raw seafood | 1 | Portugal | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davies et al. 2001 | Whiting/raw seafood | 1 | France | 3 | R | 26 | 26 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
de Simon et al., 1992 | Molluscs, bivalve, mussels | 1 | Spain | 1 | R | 40 | 37 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decastelli et al., 1993 | Mussels, depurated | 1 | Italy | 1 | P | 110 | 110 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decastelli et al., 1993 | Mussels, | 1 | Italy | 1 | P | 175 | 175 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Degnan et al., 1994 | Meat, blue crab | 1 | Australia | 2 | R | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Draughon et al., 1999 | Trout, rainbow | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 74 | 36 | E | 30 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Clam, fresh | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Coquina, fresh | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 6 | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Crab | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Fin-fish, fresh | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 39 | 34 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Fin-fish, frozen | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 17 | 16 | 1 | &nbs p; | |||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Oysters, raw | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Shrimp | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber, 1991b | Shrimp, retail | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 20 | 16 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber, 1991b | Surimi, etc | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 46 | 45 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ferrer and de Simón, 1993 | Mussels, fresh | 1 | Spain | 1 | R | 35 | 32 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ferrer and de Simón, 1993 | Oysters, fresh | 1 | Spain | 1 | R | 40 | 39 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989 | Clam, raw | 1 | India | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989 | Fish, fresh | 2 | India | 1 | R | 9 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989 | Fish, frozen | 2 | India | 1 | R | 14 | 14 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Fish, other | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Trout, fresh | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz, 1999 | Fin-fish/shellfish | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 9495 | 8791 | 704 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hofer and Ribeiro, 1990 | Shrimp, frozen | 1 | Brazil | 1 | P | 45 | 41 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hudson et al, 1992 | Ready-to-eat seafood | 1 | New Zealand | 1 | R | 50 | 37 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Iida et al., 1998 | Fin-fish & non-fin-fish | 1 | Japan | 2 | R | 781 | 771 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inoue et al., 2000 | Seafood, raw | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 213 | 206 | E | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Jeyasekaran et al., 1996 | Fin-fish, tropical | 2 | India | 2 | P or R | 29 | 24 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeyasekaran et al., 1996 | Shellfish, tropical | 1 | India | 2 | P or R | 36 | 32 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Anchovy | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Duck-fish, Bombay | 2 | India | 2< /td> | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Crab | 1 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Fish, Doma-local | 2 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Anchovy, Golden | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Salmon, Indian | 2 | India | 2 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Mackeral | 2 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Pom fret | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Shrimp, raw | 1 | India | 2 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Fin, thread | 2 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Karpiskova et al., 2000 | Fish, raw | 1 | Czech Republic | 3 | R | 120 | 118 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Karunasagar et al., 1992 | Fish | 2 | India | 1 | P | 200 | 200 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manoj et al., 1991 | Fin-fish, fresh | 2 | India | 1 | P or R | 51 | 51 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manoj et al., 1991 | Shrimp, raw/process | 1 | India | 1 | P or R | 19 | 19 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Masuda et al., 1992 | Fin-fish, fresh | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 382 | 373 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Masuda et al., 1992 | Shellfish, non-oyster | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 147 | 145 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Masuda et al., 1992 | Oysters, raw | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 84 | 84 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Fish & fish products | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 46 | 29 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen et al., 2001 | Fish, raw | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 18 | 16 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen et al., 2001 | Roe | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monfort et al., 1998 | Shellfish | 1 | France | 1 | P | 120 | 109 | 11 | &n bsp; | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Motes, 1991 | Oysters, live | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 75 | 75 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Motes, 1991 | Shrimp, live | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 74 | 66 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Crabmeat/scallops | 1 | Singapore | 2 | P or R | 16 | 16 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Fish cakes, fingers | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P or R | 16 | 13 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Tuna | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P or R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norton et al., 2000 | Fish, raw | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 43 | 40 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Norton et al., 2001 | Fish, raw | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 102 | 93 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Butterfish | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cod | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 40 | 22 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Crab | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 393 | 375 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Halibut | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 0 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Fillets, ocean cats | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Perch | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Seafood, raw | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 40 | 28 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Surimi, raw | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Fish, rock | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 29 | 22 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Roe | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sable | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salmon | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Shrimp | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 106 | 99 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Snapper | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sole | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 54 | 35 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sushi-with & without rice | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 42 | 41 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Fillets, turbot | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pullela et al., 1998 | Fin-fish, aquaculture | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 140 | 140 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ravomanana et al., 1993 | Shrimp, raw & fresh | 1 | France | 1 | R? | 17 | 15 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rorvik and Yndestad, 1991 | Fin-fish, minced | 1 | Norway | 1 | P | 8 | 7 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Fish, other | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Fish, salt sushi | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Fish, sushi | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 18 | 15 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Prawn, raw, 'sushi' | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 38 | 37 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Tuna, minced sushi | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 37 | 34 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scoglio et al., 2000 | Shellfish, raw | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 23 | 23 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scoglio et al., 2000 | Shrimp, raw | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Hake, raw | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Salmon, raw | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Sole, raw | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Crustacean/shellfish | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 32 | 32 | E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Crustacean/shellfish | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 80 | 80 | 0 | &n bsp; | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish & fish parts | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 35 | 33 | E | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish & fish parts | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 238 | 232 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vogel et al., 2001a | Salmon, raw | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 92 | 90 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Fin-fish, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 40 | 39 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Lobster tail, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 20 | 19 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Oysters, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Scallops, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 18 | 18 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Shrimp, raw & frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 70 | 60 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Squid, langostinos, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al., 1988 | Surimi, frozen | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 66 | 46 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wong et al., 1990 | Fish & non-fish, local frozen and refrigerated | 2 | Taiwan | 1 | R | 57 | 51 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Finfish, raw | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Octopus, raw, squid, trepang | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Salmon, raw | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 12 | 11 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Shellfish, raw | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Shrimp, raw | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Seafood, surimi and minced | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al., 2000 | Seafood, | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 15634 | 14541 | 1013 | 1 | 1 | 28 | 8 | 30 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated. |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995 | Fish, preserved | 1 | Denmark | 2 | R | 335 | 300 | E4 | 18 | 11 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Dried shrimp, squid & mussels | 1 | Korea | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Choi et al.,2001 | Dried squid & mussels | 1 | Korea | 3 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Shenawy and El-Shenawy, 1995 | Fin-fish, smoke & salted | 2 | Egypt | 2 | R | 11 | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ericsson et al, 1997 | Trout, gravad | 1 | Sweden | 2 | P/R | 8 | 3 | E | 3 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fuchs and Sirvas, 1991 | Ceviche | 1 | Peru | 1 | R | 32 | 29 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuchs and Surendran, 1989 | Fish, dried & salted | 2 | India | 1 | R | 11 | 11 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Gravad | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 23 | 17 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Haddock, dried | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jemmi, 1990 | Fin-fish, pickled | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | R | 89 | 66 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jorgensen and Huss, 1998 | Fish, gravad | 1 | Denmark | 2 | P | 91 | 68 | E | 5 | 10 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Anchovy, dried | 2 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Anchovy, Golden dried | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Dried fish "Bombay Duck" | 2 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Mackeral, dried | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Shrimp, dried | 1 | India | 2 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loncarevic et al, 1996 | Fish, gravad | 1 | Sweden | 2 | R | 58 | 46 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hatakka et al, 2001 | Fish, cold-salted & vacuum-packed | 1 | Finland | 3 | R | 82 | 77 | E | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin & Gilbert, 1990 | Cooked fish & fish products | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 346 | 334 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen et al, 2001 | Fish, cold & salted | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 10 | 8 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Clams, salted | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salmon, salted | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Anchovies, seasoned | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rorvik and Yndestad, 1991 | Shrimp, brined | 1 | Norway | 1 | P | 16 | 13 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish, processed | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 186 | 185 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fish, processed | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 119 | 106 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Dried squid, salmon, shishamo smelt | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Seafood, fermented | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Sushi flatfish, fermented | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Salad, marinated seafood | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Sushi sandfish, fermented | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 1495 | 1349 | 77 | 23 | 21 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dauphin et al, 2001 | Mussels, shelled cooked | 1 | France | 3 | P | 2 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Degnan et al, 1994 | Crab | 1 | USA | 2 | R | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber, 1991b | Shrimp, wholesale | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 49 | 45 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Shellfish, cooked | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 11 | 11 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson, 1991 | Shrimp, cooked & processed | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P or R | 11 | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Crab, cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 95 | 90 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Shrimp, cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 236 | 234 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Crab, imitation | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 24 | 24 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ravomanana et al, 1993 | Shrimp, cooked | 1 | France | 1 | R? | 35 | 31 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rawles et al, 1995 | Crab | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 126 | 116 | E4 | 1 | 8 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Richmond, 1990 | Miscellany, cooked | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 40 | 40 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Valdimarsson, et al, 1998 | Shrimp, cooked & frozen | 1 | Iceland | 2 | P | 3331 | 3259 | 72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al, 1988 | Crab, cooked | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 24 | 17 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weagant et al, 1988 | Shrimp, cooked | 1 | USA | 1 | R or P | 8 | 6 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yamazaki et al, 2000 | Seafood, boiled | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 4004 | 3892 | 98 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beckers et al, 1987 | Vegetables, fresh & cut | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | ? | 25 | 14 | E4 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Celery, | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Cilantro | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Onion, | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Laurel | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Parsley | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Thyme | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benezet et al., 2001 | Winter sweet | 1 | Spain | 3 | P | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Breer, 1988 | Salads | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | R | 64 | 61 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Breer, 1988 | Vegetables | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | R | 27 | 27 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Choi et al.,2001 | Vegetables, raw | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 205 | 205 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daley et al., 1999 | Vegetables | 1 | Canada | 3 | R | 25 | 25 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
de Simon et al., 1992 | Vegetables, fresh | 1 | Spain | 1 | R | 103 | 95 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Celery | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 30 | 30 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Lettuce | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 50 | 50 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Radishes | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Tomatoes | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Garcia-Gimeno et al., 1996 | Salads | 1 | Spain | 2 | P | 70 | 49 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000b | Salads, minimally processed fresh vegetables | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 59 | 58 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Vegetable foods, other | 1 | Germany | 3 | R? | 676 | 671 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Vegetable foods, other | 1 | Germany | 3 | R? | 672 | 667 | E | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Salad | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 23 | 20 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz, 1999 | Salads, vegetable | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 361 | 341 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heisick et al., 1989 | Cabbage | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 92 | 91 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heisick et al., 1989 | Cucumbers | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 92 | 90 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heisick et al., 1989 | Lettuce | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 92 | 92 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heisick et al., 1989 | Mushrooms | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 92 | 92 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heisick et al., 1989 | Radishes | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 132 | 113 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inoue et al., 2000 | Vegetables | 1 | Japan | 3 | R | 285 | 285 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Karpiskova et al., 2000 | Vegetables | 1 | Czech Republic | 3 | R | 156 | 152 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lin et al., 1996 | Salads, vegetable | 1 | USA | 2 | R | 58 | 57 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marranzano et al., 1996 | Celery | 1 | Italy | 2 | R | 20 | 18 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marranzano et al., 1996 | Fennel | 1 | Italy | 2 | R | 31 | 30 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marranzano et al., 1996 | Lettuce | 1 | Italy | 2 | R | 32 | 31 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Vegetables & salads, | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 567 | 495 | 69 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Vegetables & salads, | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 279 | 255 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monge and Arias, 1996 | Cabbage salad | 1 | Costa Rica | 2 | R | 50 | 40 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salad, leafy bagged & precut | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 1515 | 1501 | E | 12 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salad, leafy bagged & precut | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 1448 | 1440 | E | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Broccoli florets | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 15 | 13 | E | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Broccoli florets | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 20 | 20 | E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Coleslawmix | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 15 | 14 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Coleslawmix | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 20 | 20 | E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Green peppers | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 20 | 20 | E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Green peppers | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 15 | 14 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Lettuce, chopped | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 24 | 22 | E | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Lettuce, chopped | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 15 | 12 | E | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Salad mix | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 15 | 9 | E | 2 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Odumeru et al., 1997 | Salad mix | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 24 | 21 | E | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Broccoli | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cabbage | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Celery | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cilentro | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Green Beans | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Jalapeno | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Kelp | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 11 | 10 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Kidney, Mung. Bean | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 33 | 33 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Lettuce | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 15 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, mixed vegetable | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 49 | 47 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Mushroom | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Onion | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pea | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Potato | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 14 | 14 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Radish | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Spinach | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sprouts | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 109 | 109 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Tomato | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Vegetable | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Yam | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Root, beet | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Cabbage | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Carrot | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Coriander | 1 | India | 3 | R | 10 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Cucumber | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Lettuce | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Leaves, math vegetable | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Roots, math | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Leaves, radish | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Roots, radish | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Salads, ready-to-eat | 2 | India | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pingulkar et al., 2001 | Capsicum | 2 | India | 3 | R | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Porto et al., 2001 | Cabbage | 2 | Brazil | 3 | R | 50 | 50 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Porto et al., 2001 | Lettuce | 2 | Brazil | 3 | R | 100 | 96 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Porto et al., 2001 | Parsley | 1 | Brazil | 3 | R | 50 | 48 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Porto et al., 2001 | Watercress | 1 | Brazil | 3 | R | 50 | 48 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salamah, 1993 | Cabbage | 2 | Saudi Arabia | 1 | R | 70 | 68 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salamah, 1993 | Carrot | 2 | Saudi Arabia | 1 | R | 120 | 104 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salamah, 1993 | Cucumber | 2 | Saudi Arabia | 1 | R | 110 | 106 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salamah, 1993 | Lettuce | 2 | Saudi Arabia | 1 | R | 80 | 79 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sizmur and Walker, 1988 | Vegetables, mixed | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 60 | 56 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Lettuce | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 10 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Lettuce, | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 10 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Spinach | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al.,2001 | Spinach | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Szabo et al.,2000 | Lettuce | 1 | Australia | 3 | R | 60 | 59 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Szabo et al.,2000 | Lettuce | 1 | Australia | 3 | P | 60 | 58 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Legumes | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 13 | 12 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Mushrooms | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Vegetables, fresh | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Velani and Roberts, 1991 | Individual salad ingredients (bean sprouts, cabbage, carrot, celery, cress, cucumber, lettuce, mushroom, peppers, radish, spring onions, tomato, vegetables, watercress) | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 108 | 106 | E | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Velani and Roberts, 1991 | Salads, mixed & prepacked | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 42 | 34 | E | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Salad, raw vegetables | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 237 | 224 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Wong et al., 1990 | Vegetables | 2 | Taiwan | 1 | R | 49 | 43 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 9223 | 8892 | 249 | 17 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 25 | 9 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heinitz, 1999 | Fruit products | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 117 | 89 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Karpiskova et al., 2000 | Fruit, dried | 1 | Czech Republic | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Apples | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Blueberries | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cantalope | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, fruit | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 23 | 23 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Fruit, various | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Gelatin dessert with fruit | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Melons | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pears | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 35 | 35 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pineapples | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Watermelons | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fruit, fresh | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Fruit, product | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 254 | 224 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frye, 2000 | Queso Fresco | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1724 | 1678 | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Queso Fresco | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 22 | 20 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gelosa, 1990 | Cheese, fresh (fornaggio fresco) | 1 | Italy | 1 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Cheese, Hispanic style | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 1482 | 1481 | E4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Cheese, Hispanic style | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 1454 | 1450 | E | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Queso Fresco | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 13 | 11 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Panela | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saltijeral et al., 1999 | Panellá | 1 | Mexico | 3 | R | 40 | 34 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ubach et al., 1991 | Quesofresco, requesoy | 1 | Spain | 1 | R? | 91 | 84 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, fresh cow & goat milk | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 22 | 20 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 4866 | 4796 | 65 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Copes et al., 2000 | Cheeses, soft paste | 2 | Argentina | 3 | R | 35 | 31 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, farmer | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 18 | 18 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Gournay | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, fresh port | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 84 | 83 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Quark | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, sheep milk | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Cheese, unripened | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 366 | 362 | E4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Cheese, cottage | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 137 | 137 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Anari | 1 | UK | 1 | R/P | 23 | 9 | E | 10 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Halloumi | 1 | UK | 1 | R/P | 11 | 3 | E | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, cottage | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, cream | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Creme Mexicana | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Spieisequark | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 22 | 21 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Spieisequark-quargel | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Cheese, cottage | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 74 | 74 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 814 | 782 | 5 | 18 | 1 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beckers et al, 1987 | Brie/ Camembert (from pasteurized milk) | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | ? | 51 | 51 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beckers et al, 1987 | Brie/ Camembert (from raw milk) | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | ? | 18 | 8 | 0 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Botarelli et al., 1999 | Feta/cheese, soft & short-ripened | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 15 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Botarelli et al., 1999 | Brie/cheese, soft & short-ripened | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 15 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Botarelli et al., 1999 | Crescenza/ cheese, soft & short-ripened | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 15 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Botarelli et al., 1999 | Taleggio/ cheese, soft, short-ripened | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 15 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Breer and Schopfer, 1989 | Cheese, white mold | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | ? | 261 | 254 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Delgado da Silva et al., 1998 | Minas frescal chomemadel, Brazilian soft cheese eaten fresh | 2 | Brazil | 2 | R | 17 | 10 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, feta | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 34 | 34 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Brie | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Camambert | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Mozzarella | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | soft, mold-ripened cheese | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 234 | 230 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | soft, mold-ripened cheese | 1 | Germany | 3 | ? | 62 | 59 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | soft, mold-ripened cheese | 1 | Germany | 3 | ? | 41 | 39 | E4 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | soft, mold-ripened cheese | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 82 | 74 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loncarevic et al., 1995 | soft, mold-ripened cheese | 1 | Europe Sweden | 2 | R | 31 | 18 | E | 9 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Feta | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Cheese, soft mold ripened | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1347 | 1333 | E | 12 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Camembert | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, pyramid goat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 10 | 10 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, feta goat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 9 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Mozzarella | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pinto and Reali, 1996 | Taleggio | 1 | Italy | 2 | R | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pinto and Reali, 1996 | Mozzarella | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 29 | 25 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rudolf et al., 2001 | Cheese, soft | 1 | Europe | 3 | P or R | 192 | 180 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sanchez-Rey et al., 1993 | La Serena cheese, from raw ewes milk | 1 | Spain | 1 | P | 15 | 10 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Hartz mountain cheese Harzerkase | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 19 | 19 | E | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Hartz mountain cheese Harzerkase | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 19 | 14 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Cheese, Sauermulchkase-sour milk hand | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 53 | 48 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Cheese, Sauermulchkase-sour milk hand | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 69 | 64 | E | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Romadur | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 23 | 18 | E | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, soft | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 22 | 22 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, soft cow | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 307 | 299 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, soft goat & sheep | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 3109 | 2992 | 68 | 12 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Botarelli et al., 1999 | Gorgonzola/ cheese | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 40 | 38 | E4 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Breer and Schopfer, 1989 | Cheese, semi-soft | 1 | Switzer-land | 1 | ? | 205 | 201 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
de Boer and Kuik, 1987 | Cheese, blue-veined | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | R | 20 | 18 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, blue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 22 | 22 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Butter cheese | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Gorgonzola | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Gouda | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 39 | 39 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Gouda | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Havarti | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Jack | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Limburger | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Pinna Ricotta | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Roquefort | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, semi-soft | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 135 | 135 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, semi-soft | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, string | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2001 | Cheese, blue-veined soft | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1623 | 1600 | E | 18 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, blue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 21 | 21 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Monterey Jack | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 54 | 54 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Muenster | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, semi-soft goat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, string | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Swiss | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pinto and Reali, 1996 | Gorgonzola | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 58 | 55 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rudolf and Scherer, 2001 | Cheese, semi-soft | 1 | Europe | 3 | P or R | 92 | 85 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saltijeral et al., 1999 | Manchego | 1 | Mexico | 3 | R | 40 | 40 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Edam | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 3 | 1 | E | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Edam | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 9 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Limburger | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 21 | 19 | E | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Limburger | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Muenster | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 5 | 0 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Muenster | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 8 | 0 | E | 1 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Stangenkase, Limburger type | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Stangenkase, Limburger type | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 11 | 10 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, semi-soft | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 144 | 125 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, sheep semi-soft | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 2615 | 2534 | 43 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breer and Schopfer, 1989 | Cheese, hardHartkase | 1 | Switzerland | 1 | ? | 88 | 88 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Delgado da Silva et al., 1998 | Cheese, Cheddar | 2 | Brazil | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cacique Asadero | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Colby Jack semi-soft | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Parmesan | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Cheese, Provolone | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Queso Anejo | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Cheese, hard | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 66 | 65 | E4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Lanciotti et al., 1999 | Cheese, hard ripened | 1 | Italy | 3 | P | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Cheese, hard | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 448 | 442 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Cheese, Cheddar goat | 1 | UK | 1 | R/P | 8 | 4 | E | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Gjestost | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 1 | 0 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Cheddar | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 65 | 65 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Cheddar | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 19 | 19 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, Colby Jack | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 9 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, hard | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 48 | 48 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Quesco Cotija | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rudolf and Scherer, 2001 | Cheese, hard | 1 | Europe | 3 | P or R | 45 | 43 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saltijeral et al., 1999 | Chihuahua | 1 | Mexico | 3 | R | 40 | 40 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weber et al., 1988 | Cheese, hard | 1 | Germany | 1 | ? | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Cheese, hard | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 74 | 74 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 973 | 959 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baek et al., 2000 | Cheese, pasturized & processed | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Cheese & spreads | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P/R | 103 | 103 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cheese, processed | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Cheese, Schnittkase-sliced | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 96 | 95 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Cheese, Schnittkase-sliced | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 77 | 75 | E4 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 325 | 322 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahrabi et al., 1997 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Turkey | 2 | R | 20 | 19 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arnold and Coble, 1995 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Australia | 2 | R | 33 | 33 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Milk, pasteurized | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 26 | 26 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beckers et al, 1987 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | ? | 41 | 41 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casarotti et al., 1994 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Brazil | 2 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 14 | 14 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fernandez Garayzabal et al., 1986 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Spain | 1 | P | 28 | 22 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gelosa, 1990 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Italy | 1 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gohil et al., 1995 | Milk, cow's | 2 | UA Emirates | 2 | R | 182 | 182 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenaway and Drew, 1990 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Australia | 1 | P | 77 | 77 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Milk, cow's | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 1039 | 1028 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, M. 2000b | Milk, pasteurized | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 651 | 651 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Milk, pasteurized | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 1452 | 1451 | E4 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, M., 1999 | Milk, UHT | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 28 | 28 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, M., 1999 | Pasteurized milk | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 690 | 690 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Harvey and Gilmour, 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Northern Ireland | 1 | 95 | 94 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ibrahim et al., 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Hungary | 1 | R | 100 | 100 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ibrahim et al., 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Hungary | 1 | R | 60 | 53 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA, 2000b | Milk, cow's whole | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1897 | 1897 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA,2000b | Milk, cow's skim | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1846 | 1845 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA, 2000b | Milk, cow's Chocolate | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1669 | 1669 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frey/IDFA, 2000b | Milk, cow's reduced fat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 107 | 107 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA, 2000b | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 285 | 285 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Milk, chocolate | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 415 | 410 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Milk, lowfat | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 282 | 282 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Milk, skim | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 98 | 98 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Milk, whole | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 350 | 348 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Laciar et al., 1999 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Argentina | 3 | P | 80 | 80 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLaughlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Milk, cow's | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 469 | 469 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mickova, 1991 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Czecho-slovakia | 1 | P | 30 | 30 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moura et al., 1993 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Brazil | 1 | P | 220 | 220 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milk, chocolate | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 39 | 39 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milk, goat's | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rola, 1994 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Poland | 1 | ? | 73 | 73 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roy, 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Scotland | 1 | ? | 115 | 111 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sharif and Tunail, 1991 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Turkey | 1 | R | 22 | 22 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 443 | 442 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Milk, treated | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 41 | 39 | E | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tiscione et al., 1994 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Italy | 2 | P | 50 | 50 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Venables, 1989 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Australia | 1 | P | 206 | 205 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Milk, cow's | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 66 | 65 | E | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 12407 | 12363 | 40 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abou-Eleinin et al., 2000 | Milk, raw goat | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 450 | 433 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anonymous, 1989 | Cows' milk | 1 | France | 1 | ? | 1409 | 1324 | 85 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arias et al., 1994 | Cows' milk | 2 | Costa Rica | 2 | P | 220 | 220 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Milk, raw | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 45 | 43 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beckers et al., 1987 | Cows' milk | 1 | Nether-lands | 1 | ? | 137 | 131 | E4 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casarotti et al., 1994 | Cows' milk | 2 | Brazil | 2 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Davidson et al., 1989 | Cows' milk | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 256 | 252 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Desmasures et al., 1997 | Cows' milk | 1 | France | 2 | P | 69 | 65 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dominguez Rodrigues et al., 1985 | Cows' milk | 1 | Spain | 1 | P | 95 | 52 | 43 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Donnelly et al., 1988 | Cows' milk | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 939 | 924 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Doyle and Schoeni, 1986 | Cows' milk | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 50 | 50 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
El Marrakchi et al., 1993 | Cows' milk | 2 | Morocco | 1 | R | 30 | 27 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
El-Leboudy and Fayad, 1992 | Cows' milk | 2 | Egypt | 1 | P | 236 | 229 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1988 | Cows' milk | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 445 | 439 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fedio and Jackson, 1990 | Cows' milk | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 36 | 35 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fedio and Jackson, 1990 | Cows' milk | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 36 | 32 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fedio and Jackson, 1990 | Cows' milk | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 426 | 418 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fenlon and Wilson, 1989 | Cows' milk | 1 | Scotland | 1 | P | 540 | 526 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fenlon et al., 1995 | Cows' milk | 1 | Scotland | 2 | P | 727 | 638 | 44 | 32 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Fernandez Garayzabul et al., 1987 | Cows' milk | 1 | Spain | 1 | P | 67 | 37 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA, 2000 | Milk, raw goat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 65 | 64 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye/IDFA, 2000 | Milk, raw | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 194 | 193 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gledel, 1986 | Milk, cow's | 1 | France | 1 | ? | 51 | 41 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gledel, 1986 | Milk, cow's | 1 | France | 1 | ? | 337 | 323 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Milk, cow's | 1 | UK | 1 | P | 361 | 348 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | Raw milk for sale (raw milk off farm) | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 187 | 184 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | Milk, untreated (bulk raw milk) | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 964 | 955 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | Milk, certified raw | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 415 | 415 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Raw milk for sale (raw milk off farm) | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 166 | 165 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Milk, untreated (bulk raw milk) | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 1273 | 1263 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Milk, certified & raw | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 439 | 439 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Harvey and Gilmour, 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | N. Ireland | 1 | P | 176 | 149 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Laciar et al., 1999 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Argentina | 3 | P? | 208 | 207 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liewen and Plautz, 1988 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 200 | 192 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lovett et al., 1987 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 650 | 623 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Luisjuan-Morales et al., 1995 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Mexico | 2 | R | 100 | 100 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lund et al., 1991 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 300 | 291 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Milk, cow's | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 331 | 323 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Non-bovine | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 412 | 412 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Milk, goat's | 1 | UK | 1 | P | 7 | 7 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moura et al., 1993 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Brazil | 1 | P | 220 | 199 | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oni et al., 1989 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Nigeria | 1 | P | 150 | 149 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 385 | 384 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milk, goat's | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 171 | 171 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Patterson et al., 1989 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 12 | 12 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Razavi-Rohani and Hedaiatinia, 1990 | Milk, cow's | 2 | Iran | 1 | P/R | 190 | 186 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rea et al., 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Ireland | 1 | P | 589 | 560 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rodler and Köerbler, 1989 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Hungary | 1 | P | 80 | 77 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rohrbach et al., 1992 | Milk, cow's | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 292 | 280 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Slade and Collins-Thompson, 1988 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 315 | 298 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Steele et al., 1997 | Milk, cow's (farm bulk tank) | 1 | Canada | 2 | P | 1720 | 1673 | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stone, 1987 | Milk, cow's | 1 | New Zealand | 1 | P | 71 | 71 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Takai et al., 1990 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Japan | 1 | P | 120 | 120 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 97 | 93 | E | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Milk, cow's | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 256 | 256 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Non-bovine | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 39 | 39 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Non-bovine | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 4 | 4 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vázquez-Salinas et al. 2001 | Milk, raw | 1 | Mexico | 3 | P | 1300 | 1138 | 162 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 19080 | 18299 | 726 | 32 | 13 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arnold and Coble, 1995 | Ice cream | 1 | Australia | 2 | R | 166 | 143 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Ice cream | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 132 | 124 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Choi et al.,2001 | Ice cream | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 25 | 25 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ciftcioglu et al., 1992 | Ice cream | 2 | Turkey | 1 | ? | 50 | 45 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Ice cream, novelty | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 51 | 50 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Ice cream | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 394 | 393 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Ice cream mix | 1 | Canada | 1 | P | 85 | 85 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frye, 2000 | Frozen dairy products | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 69 | 65 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Ice cream | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 150 | 147 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | Ice cream =speiseeis | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 2490 | 2489 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Speiseeis =icecream | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 1694 | 1692 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Speiseeis =icecream | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 1696 | 1694 | E4 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Ice cream =speiseeis | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 2628 | 2625 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz, 1999 | Ice cream | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 294 | 270 | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDFA, 1999 | Ice cream, novelties | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1227 | 1196 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDFA, 1999 | Ice cream, novelties (0.01 detection limit) | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 19320 | 19311 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDFA, 1999 | Ice cream/ frozen yogurt | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 517 | 517 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Ice cream, novelty | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 351 | 321 | 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Ice cream | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 716 | 688 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Ice milk | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 42 | 42 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maifreni et al., 1993 | Ice cream | 1 | Germany | 1 | R | 396 | 396 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Ice cream | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 274 | 257 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monge et al., 1994 | Ice cream | 1 | Costa Rica | 2 | R | 50 | 49 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Monge et al., 1994 | Ice cream | 1 | Costa Rica | 2 | R | 50 | 49 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Ice cream | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P/R | 61 | 61 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Frozen yogurt | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 31 | 31 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ice cream | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 106 | 106 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ice cream mix | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 57 | 57 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ice cream, novelty | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ice milk | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 82 | 82 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Ice cream, iced products | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 63 | 63 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Ice cream, iced products | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unilever, 2000 | Ice cream | 2 | Oceania/ Asia/ Africa | 3 | P | 21416 | 21413 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unilever, 2000 | Ice cream | 1 | America | 3 | P | 16387 | 16382 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unilever, 2000 | Ice cream | 1 | Europe | 3 | P | 99216 | 99160 | 56 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warke et al., 2000 | Ice creams | 2 | India | 3 | R | 30 | 29 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Ice cream | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 68 | 65 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 170391 | 170129 | 259 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Yogurt | 1 | UK | 1 | R? | 180 | 176 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Yogurt | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 209 | 209 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin et al., 1990 | Yogurt | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Yogurt | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P/R | 40 | 40 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Buttermilk | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Sour cream | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Yogurt | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Yogurt | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 490 | 486 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frye, 2000 | Butter | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 23 | 23 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greenwood et al., 1991 | Cream, pasteurized | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 40 | 40 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | milk products | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 958 | 956 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | milk products, | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 6567 | 6538 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | milk products, | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 266 | 264 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | milk products, | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 537 | 533 | E4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | milk products | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 45 | 45 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | milk products, | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 8732 | 8552 | 180 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz, 1999 | milk product | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 32 | 32 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heinitz, 1999 | Milk products (not cheese or ice cream) | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 271 | 267 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Karpiskova et al., 2000 | Dairy products | 1 | Czech Republic | 3 | R | 209 | 207 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Butter | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 30 | 30 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Cream | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 52 | 52 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kozak et al., 1996 | Cream half & half | 1 | USA | 2 | P | 42 | 42 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Cream | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 116 | 116 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | cream | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P/R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pudding, chocolate | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Egg nog | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Half & half | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Milkshake | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 55 | 55 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Dip | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 42 | 40 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Whipping cream | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Butter | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 19 | 14 | E | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Butter | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 97 | 97 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 18169 | 17939 | 221 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hayes et al., 1992 | Hotdogs | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 40 | 28 | E4 | 9 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Hotdogs | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 1593 | 1516 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Hotdogs | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 1800 | 1766 | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Franks, chicken & pork | 2 | Singapore | 2 | P/R | 78 | 73 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Hotdog | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 11 | 11 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Hotdogs, beef | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Hotdogs, turkey | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qvist and Liberski, 1991 | Frankfurter | 1 | Sweden? | 1 | R | 64 | 56 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Frankfurter, sausage type | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wang and Muriana, 1994 | Hotdogs | 1 | USA | 2 | R | 117 | 93 | 16 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Wenger et al., 1990 | Wieners, turkey | 1 | USA | 1 | P | 46 | 25 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 3763 | 3582 | 161 | 9 | 9 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breer and Schopfer, 1989 | Salami | 1 | Australia | 1 | ? | 63 | 59 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buncic, 1991 | Sausage, fermented | 1 | Yugo-slavia | 1 | R | 21 | 17 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cantoni et al., 1988 | Salami & pork, seasoned meat products | 1 | Italy? | 1 | R? | 225 | 219 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Choi et al.,2001 | Sausage, fermented | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 15 | 13 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farber et al., 1989 | Sausages, fermented | 1 | Canada | 1 | R | 30 | 24 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999 | Cured chorizo | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 20 | 19 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lahellec et al., 1996 | Sausage, dry | 1 | France | 2 | ? | 116 | 83 | 33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lahellec et al., 1996 | Sausage, smoked | 1 | France | 2 | ? | 45 | 39 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Sausages, fermented | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 352 | 335 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Sausage, dry & semi-dry fermented | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 856 | 841 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Beef Stick | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Ag, 2001 | Pepperoni | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 6 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salami | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Sausage, dry & fermented | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Sausage | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 850 | 806 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla, 1993 | Sausage, cooked & cured | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 338 | 314 | E4 | 21 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Trüssel, 1989 | Beef, salami & mettwurst | 1 | Germany | 1 | P | 99 | 95 | E | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Sausage, raw & fermented | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 308 | 259 | 36 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 3357 | 3141 | 175 | 13 | 4 | 21 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aguado et al., 2001 | Deli meats | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 369 | 335 | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Baek et al., 2000 | Ham | 2 | Korea | 3 | R | 50 | 50 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bersot et al, 2001 | Mortadella | 2 | Brazil | 3 | R | 30 | 22 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Daley et al., 1999 | Meats, ready-to-eat | 1 | Canada | 3 | R | 19 | 18 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gillespie et al., 2000 | Deli meats | 1 | UK | 3 | R | 3455 | 3442 | E4 | 8 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999 | Cold cuts | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamat and Nair, 1994 | Ham, cooked | 2 | India | 2 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lahellec et al., 1996 | Ham | 1 | France | 2 | ? | 45 | 44 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Corned beef, roast and cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 2587 | 2523 | 64 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Ham and luncheon meats, sliced | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 978 | 930 | 48 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Poultry, cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 4125 | 4036 | 89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Sausage, large diameter cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 2174 | 2148 | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Corned beef, roast cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 1939 | 1892 | 47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Ham-sliced/sliced luncheon | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 2048 | 1971 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Poultry, cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 2325 | 2294 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Sausage, large diameter cooked | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 2725 | 2712 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miettinen, et al., 2001 | Broiler products, ready-to-eat | 1 | Finland | 3 | P | 25 | 25 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Deli meats | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 4600 | 4572 | E | 10 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Deli meats | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 4599 | 4545 | E | 32 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Ham/salami/bacon/ luncheon meat | 2 | Singapore | 2 | R | 17 | 14 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey breast, smoked | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey breast, cooked smoked | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 18 | 18 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey cuvette, smoked | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey fillet, smoked & ready-to-eat | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 14 | 11 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey parts | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey wings | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ojeniyi et al., 2000 | Turkey, cooked & smoked & diced | 1 | Denmark | 3 | P | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Beef, barbecue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 11 | 11 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Chicken, barbecue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Meat, barbecue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pork, barbecue | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Beef | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Bologna | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Chicken, breaded | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 22 | 22 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Chicken, ready-to-eat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 74 | 72 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Corned beef | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ham | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 56 | 56 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Olive loaf | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pastrami | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 14 | 14 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pork | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Beef, roast | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 108 | 108 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Turkey breast, sliced | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 118 | 118 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Turkey ham | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Turkey pastrami | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 7 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Turkey, ready-to-eat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qvist and Liberski, 1991 | Ham | 1 | Sweden? | 1 | R | 80 | 72 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qvist and Liberski, 1991 | Pork loin | 1 | Sweden? | 1 | R | 80 | 62 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Qvist and Liberski, 1991 | Sausages | 1 | Sweden? | 1 | R | 80 | 72 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Bacon | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Ham like products | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Ham, sliced & vacuum-packed | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 6 | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Mortadella | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Pariza | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Pork shoulder, sliced & vacuum-packed | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 6 | 6 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Sausage, country type | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 10 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Sausage, Emulsion type | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 12 | 12 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Samelis and Metaxopoulos, 1999 | Turkey breast, smoked | 1 | Greece | 3 | P | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al., 2001 | Beef, ready-to-eat | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al., 2001 | Chicken, ready-to-eat | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soriano et al., 2001 | Pork, ready-to-eat | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Ham, cooked sliced | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 879 | 817 | 54 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 33824 | 33179 | 542 | 42 | 20 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 12 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anderson and Nørrung, 1995 | Pâté | 1 | Denmark | 2 | R | 341 | 333 | 6 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dominguez et al., 2001 | Pâté | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 182 | 172 | E4 | 9 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gomez-Campillo et al., 1999 | Pâté | 1 | Spain | 3 | R | 20 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lahellec et al., 1996 | Pâté | 1 | France | 2 | ? | 110 | 96 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Meat spreads | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 264 | 254 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Pâté | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 249 | 244 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Meat spreads | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 105 | 103 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Pâté | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 103 | 103 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
McLauchlin and Gilbert, 1990 | Pâté | 1 | UK | 1 | ? | 696 | 580 | 99 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Morris and Ribeiro, 1989 | Pâté | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 73 | 36 | E | 18 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Morris and Ribeiro, 1991 | Pâté | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 216 | 141 | 6 | 42 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
Nichols et al., 1998 | Pâté, fish & seafood | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 122 | 113 | 1 | 6 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nichols et al., 1998 | Pâté, meat-based | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 1804 | 1767 | 1 | 29 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Nichols et al., 1998 | Pâté, poultry-based | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 528 | 511 | E | 11 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Nichols et al., 1998 | Pâté, undefined | 1 | UK | 2 | R | 380 | 369 | E | 9 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Ham spread | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pâté, salmon | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pâté, shrimp | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Pâté, tuna | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Aspic mince, prepacked, cooked | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 48 | 43 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Aspic mince, unprepackaged & cooked | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 67 | 66 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Pâté mince, prepacked & cooked | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 217 | 211 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Pâté mince, unprepackaged & cooked | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 130 | 123 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 5665 | 5295 | 161 | 2 | 1 | 60 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 55 | 5 | 17 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |
Reference | Food | Geographic Region1 | Country | Pub. Date2 | Sample Collection3 | Number of Samples (values in cfu/g units) | Total # of Samples from the reference | <0.04 | 0.04 | >0.01-0.1 | >0.1-1 | <0.3 | 0.3-<10 | <10 | 10 | 10-100 | <20 | 20-100 | <100 | >100 | 100-1000 | 1E2- 1E4 | <200 | 200-500 | 200-1000 | <500 | >1000 | 1E3-1E4 | >1E4 | 1E4-1E5 | >1E5 | 1E5-1E6 | >1E6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Buchanan et al., 1989 | Salad, seafood | 1 | USA | 1 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartemink and Georgsson 1991 | Salads, seafood | 1 | Iceland | 1 | P/R | 37 | 31 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2000a. | Delicatessen salads, other | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 485 | 479 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Delicatessen salads, other | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 26 | 25 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 2001 | Delicatessen salads, other | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 389 | 374 | E4 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hartung, 1999 | Delicatessensalads, unspecified | 1 | Germany | 3 | R | 354 | 351 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2000 | Various meat & poultry salads | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 1645 | 1594 | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Levine, 2001 | Salads, deli | 1 | USA | 3 | P | 630 | 623 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lin et al., 1996 | Salads(2 egg, 2 cheese, 1dressing) | 1 | USA | 2 | R | 5 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salads, deli | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 4256 | 4157 | E | 78 | 14 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salad, seafood | 1 | USA-CA | 3 | R | 1248 | 1221 | E | 26 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salads, deli | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 4293 | 4190 | E | 84 | 14 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
NFPA, 2002 | Salad, seafood | 1 | USA-MD | 3 | R | 1313 | 1225 | E | 56 | 18 | 10 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Cole slaw/vegetable salad | 2 | Singapore | 2 | R | 50 | 48 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ng and Seah, 1995 | Fish, tuna salad | 2 | Singapore | 2 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Antipasto | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, broccoli & cheese | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 50 | 50 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Caesar salad | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Chef salad | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 31 | 31 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, chicken | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 222 | 218 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Cole slaw | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 161 | 159 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, crab | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 9 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Creamy Fruit | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, egg | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, Greek | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 8 | 8 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, ham | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 7 | 7 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, macaroni with cheese | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 194 | 193 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, meat | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 17 | 17 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, pasta | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 115 | 115 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, pea | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 45 | 42 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, potato | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 302 | 302 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, salmon | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, seafood | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 211 | 211 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, shrimp | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 48 | 48 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, tortellini | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 14 | 14 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, tuna | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 16 | 16 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oregon State Dept of Agriculture, 2001 | Salad, turkey | 1 | USA | 3 | R | 22 | 22 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ryu et al., 1992 | Salad, potato | 1 | Japan | 1 | R | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scoglio et al., 2000 | Fish marinate & seafood salad | 1 | Italy | 3 | R | 5 | 5 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla 1993 | Salad, meat & egg | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 252 | 241 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Teufel and Bendzulla 1993 | Deli, mayonnaise | 1 | Germany | 1 | R? | 360 | 333 | E | 24 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Salad, chicken | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 152 | 110 | 41 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Salad, fish & shrimp | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 362 | 249 | 99 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Salad, ham | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 159 | 121 | 33 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyttendaele et al., 1999 | Other salad (veg) with mayonnaise | 1 | Belgium | 3 | R | 201 | 186 | 13 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Salad, egg/egg mayonnaise | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 101 | 83 | E | 2 | 6 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Salad, fish | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 33 | 32 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Salad, meat/egg | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 15 | 13 | E | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
West and North Yorkshire Joint Working Group, 1991 | Salad, fruit/nut | 1 | UK | 1 | R | 43 | 42 | E | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total= | 17915 | 17229 | 283 | 244 | 47 | 19 | 22 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 39 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
1 Group 1 includes North America including the United States, Canada, Mexico, EU countries, Japan, Australia, New Zealand. Other countries were also included in group 1 on a case-by-case basis if they import the product to the United States. Group 2 includes any country not in group 1. 2 1 = time period pre-1993 to 1993; 2 = time period 1994 to 1998; 3 = time period 1999 to present. 3 R = sample collected at retail; P = sample collected at plant/ manufacturer; ? = location of sample collection unknown. 4 E = samples 0.04 cfu/g that were enumerated |