Figure | Title | |
Overview Chapter | ||
O-1 | Inflation-adjusted Federal total and Federal academic R&D: 19902000 | |
O-2 | Changes in share of Federal academic research obligations, by field: 199099 | |
O-3 |
Patents granted to U.S. universities: 198298 Average number of citations to scientific and technical articles per U.S. patent: 19872000 |
|
O-4 | Ratio of natural science and engineering first university degrees awarded to 24-year-old population, by country/economy | |
O-5 | Academic employment of native and foreign-born doctoral scientists and engineers: 197399 | |
O-6 | Performance of students in last year of high school: 199495 | |
O-7 | S&E doctorates earned by U.S. citizens and noncitizens: 198099 | |
O-8 | Employment in S&E occupations as percentage of total civilian employment | |
O-9 | Employment of foreign-born scientists and engineers with U.S. Ph.Ds: 1999 | |
O-10 | Country share of global high-tech market: 198098 U.S. global market share, by high-tech industry: 198098 |
|
O-11 | High-tech exports: 198098 | |
O-12 | U.S. patents granted, by nationality of inventor: 198699 U.S. patents granted to foreign inventors, by nationality of inventor: 198699 |
|
O-13 | U.S. trade balance of royalties and fees: 198799 | |
O-14 | U.S. venture capital disbursement: 19902000 | |
O-15 | National R&D expenditures, by source of funds: 19532000 | |
O-16 | U.S., G-7, and OECD countries' R&D expenditures: 198599 | |
O-17 | Distribution of scientific and technical articles by field, by selected countries: 1999 | |
O-18 | U.S. international collaboration, by field | |
O-19 | Industrial R&D spending flows of U.S. and foreign affiliates, by world region: 1998 | |
O-20 | International strategic technology alliances: 19802000 | |
O-21 | Shares of international strategic technology alliances: 198089 and 19902000 | |
Chapter 1. Elementary and Secondary Education | ||
1-1 | Trends in average scale scores in mathematics and science: 19691999 | |
1-2 | Trends in differences between male and female student average scale scores, by age, various years: 19691999 | |
1-3 | Percentile distribution of science and mathematics proficiency for 17-year-olds, by race/ethnicity: selected years 197799 | |
1-4 | Percentage of students within each mathematics achievement level range and at or above achievement levels, grades 4, 8, and 12: 19902000 | |
1-5 | Mathematics and science achievement for TIMSS-R 1999 countries/economies that participated in 1995 at both the 4th and 8th grades relative to the average across these locations | |
1-6 | Average scale score on TIMSS physics and advanced mathematics assessment for students in final year of secondary school: 199495 | |
1-7 | Percentage of high school graduates who took selected mathematics and science courses: 1982, 1987, 1990, 1994, and 1998 | |
1-8 | Percentage of 1998 high school graduates who took selected mathematics and science courses in high school, by sex | |
1-9 | Percentage of employers and college faculty who rated job applicants/freshman and sophomore students as "fair" or "poor" on various activities: 2000 | |
1-10 | Employee/faculty support for high stakes testing: 2000 | |
1-11 | Opinion of teachers and general public on move to raise academic standards: 2000 | |
1-12 | Opinion on preparation for and utility of state test by public high school teachers whose state has graduation test: 2000 | |
1-13 | Selected characteristics of grade 8 mathematics and science instruction, Germany, Japan and United States: 199495 | |
1-14 | Selected characteristics of grade 4, 8, and 12 mathematics and science instruction, Germany, Japan, and United States: 199495 | |
1-15 | Age distribution and annual median salaries by age of full-time elementary and secondary school teachers: 197198 | |
1-16 | Annual statutory teacher salaries after 15 years of experience relative to per capita GDP: 1998 | |
1-17 | Ratio of students per instructional computer with Internet access, by school characteristics: 1998 and 2000 | |
1-18 | Percentage of public schools and instructional rooms with Internet access: 19942000 | |
1-19 | Extent to which public school teachers assign different types of work using computers or Internet: 1999 | |
1-20 | Percentage of high school graduates enrolled in college the October after completing high school, by sex and race/ethnicity: 196099 | |
1-21 | Percentage of 1992 high school graduates qualified for admission at a four-year institution, by level of qualification and family income | |
1-22 | Percentage of postsecondary education institutions offering remedial courses, by type of course and type of institution: fall 1995 | |
Chapter 2. Higher Education in Science and Engineering | ||
2-1 | Trends in population of 20- to 24-year-olds in selected countries and regions: 19752010 | |
2-2 | U.S. population of 18- to 24-year-olds, by race/ethnicity: 19802025 | |
2-3 | Profile of U.S. higher education by students, institutions, and degrees at all levels: 1998 | |
2-4 | Enrollment in U.S. higher education, by institution type: 196797 | |
2-5 | Bachelor's degrees awarded in S&E, by institution type: 1998 | |
2-6 | Master's degrees awarded in S&E, by institution type: 1998 | |
2-7 | U.S. engineering enrollment, by level: 197999 | |
2-8 | Freshmen reporting need for remedial work in science or mathematics, by intended major: 2000 | |
2-9 | Graduation rates and S&E completion rates of 1992 freshmen intending S&E major, by sex and race/ethnicity | |
2-10 | S&E degrees earned by underrepresented minorities within each field, by level: 199899 | |
2-11 | Bachelor's degrees earned in selected S&E fields: 197598 | |
2-12 | Bachelor's degrees in S&E fields, earned by selected groups | |
2-13 | Trends in graduate enrollment in mathematics and computer sciences and in engineering: 198399 | |
2-14 | Foreign student enrollment in U.S. S&E graduate programs, by selected countries and economies: 198799 | |
2-15 | Master's degrees awarded in S&E, by field: 197598 | |
2-16 | Master's degrees in S&E fields earned by selected groups: 197798 | |
2-17 | Doctoral S&E degrees earned in U.S. universities, by field: 197599 | |
2-18 | Doctoral degrees earned by women in U.S. institutions, by field: 197099 | |
2-19 | Doctoral degrees in S&E fields earned by selected groups | |
2-20 | S&E degrees earned by foreign students within each field, by level: 199899 | |
2-21 | Percentage of foreign S&E doctoral recipients with plans to stay in United States: 199099 | |
2-22 | Foreign S&E doctoral recipients with plans to stay in United States: 199099 | |
2-23 | Foreign S&E doctoral recipients with plans to stay in the United States, by place of origin: 199099 | |
2-24 | U.S. S&E doctoral recipients from selected Asian countries and economies with plans to stay in the United States: 199099 | |
2-25 | First university degrees in S&E fields in selected countries, by region: 1999 or most recent year | |
2-26 | Bachelor's S&E degrees in the United States and selected Asian countries and economies, by field: 197598 | |
2-27 | Ratio of natural science or engineering first university degrees to 24-year-old population, by country or economy | |
2-28 | Foreign graduate student enrollment in selected countries, by field: 1999 | |
2-29 | Doctoral S&E degrees earned in selected Asian countries and economies: 197599 | |
2-30 | Doctoral S&E degrees in selected industrialized countries: 197599 | |
2-31 | Doctoral S&E degrees earned by Asian students at home universities and U.S. universities: 198199 | |
2-32 | Doctoral S&E degrees in Europe, North America, and Asia: 1999 | |
2-33 | Doctoral NS&E degrees in the United States, Europe, and Asia: 197599 | |
2-34 | Doctoral S&E degrees earned by foreign students in selected countries, by field: 1999 | |
Chapter 3. Science and Engineering Workforce | ||
3-1 | College graduates in nonacademic S&E occupations | |
3-2 | Employed S&E degree-holders in jobs closely related to highest degree: 1999 | |
3-3 | Employed S&E degree-holders, in job closely related to highest degree, by years since degree: 1993 and 1999 | |
3-4 | Employed S&E degree-holders in jobs related to highest degree: 1999 | |
3-5 | Employed S&E bachelor's degree-holders in job closely related to degree: 1999 | |
3-6 | Unemployment rates for S&E degree-holders by years since highest degree: 1993 and 1999 | |
3-7 | Involuntarily out-of-field rates of S&E degree-holders, by years since highest degree: 1993 and 1999 | |
3-8 | Educational distribution of those in nonacademic S&E occupations: 2000 | |
3-9 | Distribution of S&E R&D workers, by level of degree: 1999 | |
3-10 | Distribution of S&E R&D workers by field of highest degree: 1999 | |
3-11 | S&E Ph.D.-holders engaged in R&D as major work activity: 1999 | |
3-12 | Median annual salaries of employed scientists and engineers by broad occupation and highest degree: 1999 | |
3-13 | College graduates in nonacademic S&E occupations: women and minorities | |
3-14 | Women as proportion of S&E workforce, by broad occupation | |
3-15 | Median annual salaries of employed scientists and engineers, by broad occupation and sex: 1999 | |
3-16 | Median annual salaries of scientists and engineers, by broad occupation and race/ethnicity: 1999 | |
3-17 | Age distribution of labor force with S&E highest degrees: 1999 | |
3-18 | Older S&E degree holders working full time: 1999 | |
3-19 | Total researchers in OECD countries | |
3-20 | Global distribution of workers with tertiary education: 199098 | |
3-21 | Foreign-born with S&E highest degrees by place of birth: 1999 | |
3-22 | Immigration and naturalization service counts of permanent visas to S&E occupations: 198898 | |
3-23 | High-skilled worker visas in Japan, entries | |
Chapter 4. U.S. and International Research and Development: Funds and Alliances | ||
4-1 | National R&D funding, by source: 19532000 | |
4-2 | Shares of national R&D expenditures: 2000 | |
4-3 | Shares of national R&D expenditures, by source of funds: 19532000 | |
4-4 | Trends in Federal and non-Federal R&D expenditures as percentage of total R&D: 19532000 | |
4-5 | Federal R&D funding, by budget function: FYs 19802001 | |
4-6 | Comparison of funding concepts in the FY 2002 budget proposal | |
4-7 | Federal R&D support, by performing sector: 19532000 | |
4-8 | Budgetary impact of Federal research and experimentation tax credit: FYs 19882000 | |
4-9 | Historical pattern of R&D as percentage of GDP: 19532000 | |
4-10 | National R&D performance, by type of performer: 19532000 | |
4-11 | Industrial R&D performance for selected industries, by source of funds: 1999 | |
4-12 | National R&D expenditures, by source of funds, performing sector, and character of work: 2000 | |
4-13 | Projected Federal obligations for R&D and R&D plant, by agency and character of work: FY 2001 | |
4-14 | Federal obligations for research, by major science and engineering field, and agency: FY 2001 | |
4-15 | R&D associated primarily with chemistry (nonmedical) and chemical engineering | |
4-16 | R&D associated primarily with life sciences | |
4-17 | Domestic research joint ventures: 19852000 | |
4-18 | Federal technology transfer indicators: 19872000 | |
4-19 | ATP funding and number of participants: 19902000 | |
4-20 | Participation of public organizations in industry RJVs: 19852000 | |
4-21 | Growth in SBIR awards and funding: 198399 | |
4-22 | International strategic technology alliances: 19802000 | |
4-23 | Shares of international strategic technology alliances: 1980-89 and 19902000 | |
4-24 | International strategic technology alliances, by technology shares | |
4-25 | R&D expenditures and annual changes in R&D estimates, Japan and Germany | |
4-26 | U.S., G-7, and OECD countries' R&D expenditures | |
4-27 | Rates of change in total inflation-adjusted R&D spending | |
4-28 | R&D as percentage of GDP, G-8 countries | |
4-29 | R&D expenditures by performer and source, G-8 countries | |
4-30 | Distribution of R&D expenditures by character of work in selected countries: 1998 | |
4-31 | Proportion of industrial R&D financed by foreign sources | |
4-32 | Sources of R&D expenditures in OECD countries | |
4-33 | Government R&D support by socioeconomic objectives, G-8 countries | |
4-34 | Difference in U.S. performer-reported versus agency-reported Federal R&D | |
4-35 | Ratio of foreign and overseas R&D spending to company-funded industrial R&D | |
4-36 | Globalization of U.S. industrial R&D | |
4-37 | Industrial R&D spending of U.S. and foreign affiliates, by world region: 1998 | |
4-38 | Manufacturing shares in foreign, overseas, and total domestic industrial R&D | |
4-39 | Share of selected industries in foreign, overseas, and company-funded industrial R&D in the United States: 1998 | |
4-40 | Industrial Globalization R&D index for selected U.S. industries | |
Chapter 5. Academic Research and Development | ||
5-1 | Academic R&D, basic and applied research, and basic research as a proportion of U.S. totals: 19532000 | |
5-2 | Academic R&D expenditures, by character of work, and national R&D expenditures, by performer and character of work: 2000 | |
5-3 | Average annual R&D growth, by performing sector: 19532000 | |
5-4 | Sources of academic R&D funding: 19532000 | |
5-5 | Components of institutional R&D expenditures for public and private academic institutions: 198099 | |
5-6 | Sources of academic R&D funding for public and private institutions: 1999 | |
5-7 | Share of academic R&D of universities and colleges by rank of R&D expenditures: 198599 | |
5-8 | Changes in share of combined expenditures accounted for by research, instruction, and public service at public and private institutions: 197796 | |
5-9 | Research as percentage of the total of instruction, research, and public service expenditures, by Carnegie class and type of control: 197796 | |
5-10 | Academic R&D expenditures, by field: 197399 | |
5-11 | Changes in share of academic R&D in selected S&E fields: 197399 | |
5-12 | Distribution of Federal agency academic research obligations, by field: FY 1999 | |
5-13 | Major agency field shares of Federal academic research obligations: FY 1999 | |
5-14 | Number of academic institutions receiving Federal R&D support by selected Carnegie classifications: 197199 | |
5-15 | New construction of research space planned during the 198699 period as a percentage of 1999 research space, by S&E field | |
5-16 | Sources of funds for new construction and repair/renovation of research facilities at public and private universities and colleges: 1999 | |
5-17 | Current fund expenditures for research equipment at academic institutions, by field: 198399 | |
5-18 | Academic employment of U.S.-born and foreign-born doctoral scientists and engineers: 197399 | |
5-19 | Doctoral scientists and engineers employed in public and private universities and colleges: 197399 | |
5-20 | Distribution of Ph.D. scientists and engineers, by type of academic appointment: 197399 | |
5-21 | Recent S&E Ph.D.s hired into faculty and postdoc positions at research universities and other academic institutions: 197399 | |
5-22 | Faculty and tenure track-status of academic S&E Ph.D.s whose doctorate was earned 57 years earlier: 197399 | |
5-23 | Age distribution of full-time academic doctoral S&E faculty: 197399 | |
5-24 | Full-time faculty age 60 and older at research universities and other higher education institutions: 197399 | |
5-25 | Growth in full-time doctoral S&E faculty, by rank and sex: 197399 | |
5-26 | Growth in full-time doctoral S&E faculty, by rank and race/ethnicity: 197399 | |
5-27 | Primary work activity of academic doctoral S&E faculty: 197399 | |
5-28 | Primary work activity of academic doctoral S&E workforce: 1999 | |
5-29 | Estimated number of doctoral academic researchers and graduate research assistants, by field: 1999 | |
5-30 | S&E Ph.D.s employed in academe with research as primary activity as a percentage of all academic S&E Ph.D.s and of academic S&E Ph.D. researchers: 197399 | |
5-31 | Distribution of academic researchers' activities, by research function | |
5-32 | Growth trends in scientific and technical publications by region: 198699 | |
5-33 | Output of scientific and technical papers for the U.S. and OECD: 198699 | |
5-34 | Average growth in scientific and technical papers for selected countries | |
5-35 | Scientific publications: regional share of world output | |
5-36 | Country share of world scientific publications, by income level | |
5-37 | Portfolio distribution of scientific and technical publications, by region: 1999 | |
5-38 | U.S. authorship, by sector: 1999 | |
5-39 | U.S. international collaboration, by field | |
5-40 | Relationship of foreign-born U.S. doctorates to their country's scientific collaboration with the U.S. | |
5-41 | International scientific collaboration by region | |
5-42 | Breadth of international scientific collaboration by country: 1999 | |
5-43 | Scientific research cited by scientific and technical papers, by region | |
5-44 | Citations to foreign articles in the world's major scientific and technical journals, by field: 1990 and 1999 | |
5-45 | Number of citations in U.S. patents to scientific and technical articles: 19852000 | |
5-46 | Average number of citations to scientific and technical articles per U.S. patent: 19872000 | |
5-47 | Science references per U.S. patent excluding "spike" patents: 19872000 | |
5-48 | Granted academic patents: 198298 | |
5-49 | Percent of total academic patents in three largest academic utility classes: 196998 | |
Chapter 6. Industry, Technology, and the Global Marketplace | ||
6-1 | Global industry sales, average growth rate, by sector | |
6-2 | High-tech industries' share of total manufacturing output | |
6-3 | Country share of global high-tech market: 198098 | |
6-4 | U.S. global market share, by high-tech industry: 198198 | |
6-5 | High-tech exports: 198098 | |
6-6 | Export market share in high-tech industries: 1998 | |
6-7 | National apparent consumption1 of high-tech products: 198098 | |
6-8 | Import share of domestic high-tech markets | |
6-9 | Global revenues generated by five knowledge-intensive service industries: 1998 | |
6-10 | Three largest export markets for U.S. technology products: 1999 | |
6-11 | Top three foreign suppliers of technology products to the United States: 1999 | |
6-12 | U.S. trade balance of royalties and fees: 198799 | |
6-13 | U.S. royalties and fees generated from the exchange of industrial processes between unaffiliated companies: 1999 | |
6-14 | National orientation indicator | |
6-15 | Socioeconomic infrastructure indicator | |
6-16 | Technological infrastructure indicator | |
6-17 | Productive capacity indicator | |
6-18 | Composite scores for four new high-tech exporters | |
6-19 | U.S. industrial R&D performance: 198797 | |
6-20 | Japan industrial R&D performance: 198797 | |
6-21 | European Union industrial R&D performance: 199297 | |
6-22 | U.S. patents granted: 198699 | |
6-23 | U.S. patents granted to foreign inventors, by residence of inventor: 198699 | |
6-24 | U.S. patent applications: 198999 | |
6-25 | U.S. patent applications filed by selected foreign inventors, by residence of inventor: 198999 | |
6-26 | Share of total patents awarded to nonresident inventors in selected countries | |
6-27 | Patents granted to nonresident inventors in selected countries: 1998 | |
6-28 | Human DNA sequence patent families worldwide: 198098 | |
6-29 | Active assignees for DNA patents, United States, Japan, and Europe: 198098 | |
6-30 | Internet-related business method patent families worldwide | |
6-31 | Active assignees for Internet-related business methods patents, United States, Japan, and Europe | |
6-32 | U.S. venture capital disbursements, by industry category | |
6-33 | U.S. venture capital disbursements, by stage of financing, 19802000 | |
Chapter 7. Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Public Understanding | ||
7-1 | Indices of public interest in and feeling well informed about public policy issues: 1997, 1999, and 2001 | |
7-2 | Indices of public interest in and feeling well informed about scientific and technological issues, by sex and level of education: 2001 | |
7-3 | Public attentiveness to science and technology issues, by sex and level of education: 2001 | |
7-4 | Public understanding of scientific terms and concepts: 2001 | |
7-5 | Public understanding of nature of scientific inquiry: 2001 | |
7-6 | Public assessment of scientific research: 19792001 | |
7-7 | Support for Federal governmental funding of basic scientific research, by level of general support for or reservations about science and technology: 2001 | |
7-8 | Public assessment of genetic engineering: 19852001 | |
7-9 | Attitudes toward genetically modified food and crop biotechnologies in Canada, Europe, and the United States | |
7-10 | Attitudes toward genetic testing and medicine production in Canada, Europe, and the United States | |
7-11 | Public attitudes toward selected technologies in the United States, Europe, and Canada | |
7-12 | Public assessment of space exploration: 19852001 | |
7-13 | Occupations of characters in prime time dramatic entertainment: 19941997 | |
7-14 | Public confidence in leadership of selected institutions: 19732000 | |
7-15 | Industry favorability for selected industries | |
7-16 | Who does whatscientists, engineers, or technicians: 1998 | |
7-17 | Public perception of scientists, engineers, and technicians: 1998 | |
7-18 | U.S. public viewing broadcast news versus online news | |
7-19 | Leading source of information: 2001 | |
7-20 | U.S. public reading a daily newspaper: 19792001 | |
7-21 | Public perception of whether astrology is scientific: 19792001 | |
7-22 | Belief in paranormal phenomena | |
Chapter 8. Significance of Information Technology | ||
8-1 | Moore's Law: 19712005 | |
8-2 | Cost per gigabyte of stored information: 19882002 | |
8-3 | Computer price declines | |
8-4 | Internet domain survey host count worldwide | |
8-5 | Mobile phone subscriber growth in OECD countries: 199099 | |
8-6 | Mobile phone penetration in OECD countries: June 1999 | |
8-7 | Industry spending on capital equipment | |
8-8 | Estimated quarterly U.S. retail e-commerce sales: 4th quarter 19992nd quarter 2001 | |
8-9 | Economy share of IT-producing industries | |
8-10 | Internet hosts, per 1,000 inhabitants in the OECD countries: October 2000 | |
8-11 | Internet access prices and Internet host penetration per 1,000 inhabitants: October 2000 | |
8-12 | Secure Web servers per 100,000 inhabitants in OECD countries: July 2000 | |
8-13 | U.S. households with a computer and with Internet access | |
8-14 | U.S. households with Internet access, by income: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-15 | U.S. households with Internet access by educational attainment of householder: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-16 | U.S. households with a computer, by race/ethnicity: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-17 | U.S. households with Internet access, by race/ethnicity: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-18 | Internet use rates, by age: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-19 | Internet access, by disability: 1999 | |
8-20 | Internet access at home and outside the home: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-21 | Online activities: 1998 and 2000 | |
8-22 | Growth of GenBank | |
8-23 | Papers with authors from 10 or more countries or 10 or more U.S. institutions: 19861999 | |
8-24 | Ratio of R&D to value added in the ICT and total business sectors: 1997 | |
8-25 | Use of technology in college instruction |