Fat-Soluble Vitamins & Micronutrients: Vitamins A and E and Carotenoids
Serum trans-beta-carotene
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Table 2.5.a. Serum trans-beta-carotene: Total population
Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in µg/dL) for the total U.S. population aged 3 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2002. |
|
Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval) |
Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval) |
Sample
size |
|
10th |
50th |
90th |
Males and Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
12.2 |
(11.5-13.0) |
4.30 |
(4.10-4.70) |
11.9 |
(11.3-12.5) |
34.3 |
(31.7-37.4) |
8358 |
3–5 years |
13.6 |
(12.6-14.6) |
5.80 |
(4.90-7.10) |
13.5 |
(12.1-15.3) |
31.1 |
(27.5-35.9) |
429 |
6–11 years |
13.3 |
(12.7-13.9) |
6.50 |
(6.10-6.90) |
13.2 |
(12.6-13.9) |
27.0 |
(23.3-29.8) |
1012 |
12–19 years |
9.69 |
(9.20-10.2) |
4.20 |
(3.90-4.70) |
9.60 |
(9.00-10.4) |
21.6 |
(20.1-23.7) |
2206 |
20–39 years |
10.3 |
(9.38-11.2) |
3.70 |
(3.30-4.20) |
9.90 |
(9.10-10.9) |
29.0 |
(25.7-32.8) |
1716 |
40–59 years |
13.3 |
(12.1-14.7) |
4.20 |
(3.70-4.90) |
12.9 |
(12.0-14.2) |
42.8 |
(35.3-49.8) |
1471 |
60 years and older |
16.5 |
(14.9-18.3) |
5.50 |
(4.40-6.10) |
17.6 |
(15.3-19.6) |
46.0 |
(41.5-50.9) |
1524 |
Males |
Total, 3 years and older |
10.9 |
(10.2-11.7) |
3.90 |
(3.60-4.30) |
11.0 |
(10.3-11.7) |
30.2 |
(26.8-33.0) |
4053 |
3–5 years |
13.3 |
(11.7-15.2) |
5.60 |
(5.00-6.80) |
14.2 |
(11.9-16.1) |
30.1 |
(23.8-44.8) |
216 |
6–11 years |
13.5 |
(12.4-14.7) |
6.50 |
(6.10-7.10) |
13.4 |
(11.9-14.7) |
26.4 |
(23.0-31.3) |
507 |
12–19 years |
9.27 |
(8.57-10.0) |
4.10 |
(3.80-4.40) |
9.10 |
(8.30-10.2) |
20.1 |
(18.8-22.0) |
1092 |
20–39 years |
9.07 |
(8.24-10.0) |
3.40 |
(2.90-4.10) |
8.80 |
(7.90-9.80) |
24.6 |
(21.3-29.6) |
724 |
40–59 years |
11.3 |
(10.2-12.7) |
3.70 |
(3.30-4.10) |
11.6 |
(10.2-12.6) |
33.0 |
(27.0-43.9) |
764 |
60 years and older |
14.5 |
(13.0-16.2) |
4.30 |
(3.60-5.20) |
15.5 |
(13.6-17.3) |
42.2 |
(35.0-47.0) |
750 |
Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
13.6 |
(12.7-14.6) |
5.10 |
(4.70-5.50) |
13.0 |
(12.2-14.2) |
38.2 |
(35.3-41.4) |
4305 |
3–5 years |
13.8 |
(12.1-15.7) |
5.80 |
(4.30-7.90) |
12.6 |
(10.9-15.7) |
32.6 |
(24.6-55.1) |
213 |
6–11 years |
13.0 |
(12.3-13.7) |
6.30 |
(5.70-7.10) |
12.6 |
(12.0-13.5) |
28.0 |
(22.3-31.3) |
505 |
12–19 years |
10.1 |
(9.53-10.8) |
4.50 |
(3.90-5.30) |
10.3 |
(9.60-11.0) |
23.3 |
(20.3-26.4) |
1114 |
20–39 years |
11.4 |
(10.3-12.6) |
4.20 |
(3.50-4.80) |
10.8 |
(9.50-12.3) |
32.1 |
(28.9-37.0) |
992 |
40–59 years |
15.8 |
(14.1-17.8) |
5.50 |
(4.70-5.90) |
15.1 |
(13.4-17.1) |
49.9 |
(39.1-63.2) |
707 |
60 years and older |
18.1 |
(16.0-20.6) |
6.00 |
(5.00-7.60) |
19.0 |
(16.9-21.8) |
48.1 |
(42.6-55.8) |
774 |
Table 2.5.b. Serum trans-beta-carotene: Mexican Americans
Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in µg/dL) for Mexican Americans in the U.S. population aged 3 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2002. |
|
Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval) |
Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval) |
Sample
size |
|
10th |
50th |
90th |
Males and Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
12.5 |
(11.7-13.4) |
4.70 |
(4.20-5.50) |
12.8 |
(11.7-13.9) |
31.0 |
(28.4-33.6) |
2116 |
3–5 years |
13.9 |
(11.7-16.5) |
7.10 |
(4.80-9.70) |
13.0 |
(10.9-16.1) |
24.3 |
(22.0-29.0) |
126 |
6–11 years |
13.4 |
(12.4-14.4) |
6.60 |
(5.70-7.60) |
13.6 |
(12.1-14.9) |
28.2 |
(24.2-30.8) |
289 |
12–19 years |
10.0 |
(9.53-10.5) |
4.50 |
(4.10-4.80) |
10.2 |
(9.60-10.6) |
21.8 |
(19.3-25.4) |
696 |
20–39 years |
12.4 |
(11.2-13.7) |
4.30 |
(3.70-5.70) |
13.0 |
(10.8-14.5) |
30.6 |
(27.0-34.1) |
460 |
40–59 years |
13.8 |
(11.7-16.4) |
4.30 |
(3.70-5.70) |
13.9 |
(11.1-17.4) |
37.7 |
(33.1-45.6) |
289 |
60 years and older |
14.6 |
(12.7-16.7) |
4.10 |
(3.20-5.00) |
15.8 |
(13.2-17.6) |
39.1 |
(35.5-52.1) |
256 |
Males |
Total, 3 years and older |
11.3 |
(10.4-12.3) |
4.20 |
(3.80-5.10) |
11.4 |
(9.90-13.2) |
28.0 |
(25.2-29.4) |
1020 |
3–5 years |
13.8 |
(10.4-18.4) |
7.20† |
(4.80-10.6) |
12.6 |
(9.70-17.3) |
24.1† |
(17.4-41.5) |
62 |
6–11 years |
13.0 |
(11.4-14.9) |
5.80 |
(4.70-7.70) |
13.4 |
(10.0-16.4) |
24.6 |
(22.0-31.4) |
140 |
12–19 years |
8.98 |
(8.36-9.65) |
4.20 |
(3.80-4.70) |
9.10 |
(7.90-10.0) |
18.9 |
(17.0-20.9) |
330 |
20–39 years |
10.6 |
(9.13-12.3) |
3.90 |
(3.00-5.20) |
11.1 |
(9.00-13.5) |
25.8 |
(22.4-29.4) |
213 |
40–59 years |
13.3 |
(11.4-15.6) |
4.30 |
(3.60-6.50) |
13.0 |
(10.2-17.1) |
33.9 |
(28.6-45.6) |
149 |
60 years and older |
11.8 |
(9.61-14.5) |
3.60 |
(1.90-5.50) |
12.6 |
(9.20-16.5) |
37.3 |
(27.6-58.4) |
126 |
Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
14.1 |
(13.0-15.2) |
5.60 |
(5.00-6.10) |
14.2 |
(13.3-15.0) |
33.9 |
(29.2-40.8) |
1096 |
3–5 years |
14.0 |
(12.0-16.4) |
6.70† |
(4.60-9.70) |
13.0 |
(10.2-20.1) |
25.1† |
(21.9-32.6) |
64 |
6–11 years |
13.7 |
(12.5-15.1) |
7.00 |
(5.70-8.40) |
13.7 |
(12.0-14.7) |
26.5 |
(22.1-33.5) |
149 |
12–19 years |
11.3 |
(10.3-12.3) |
4.70 |
(4.10-5.90) |
11.4 |
(10.1-12.7) |
25.4 |
(21.6-29.7) |
366 |
20–39 years |
14.8 |
(12.7-17.1) |
5.70 |
(3.70-7.60) |
14.8 |
(13.0-17.4) |
36.7 |
(27.4-48.1) |
247 |
40–59 years |
14.4 |
(11.3-18.4) |
4.30 |
(3.10-5.70) |
14.4 |
(10.9-20.4) |
39.3 |
(29.3-64.9) |
140 |
60 years and older |
17.3 |
(14.0-21.3) |
4.20 |
(3.30-8.30) |
18.4 |
(13.9-21.6) |
40.1 |
(36.1-52.1) |
130 |
† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size. |
Table 2.5.c. Serum trans-beta-carotene: Non-Hispanic blacks
Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in µg/dL) for non-Hispanic blacks in the U.S. population aged 3 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2002. |
|
Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval) |
Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval) |
Sample
size |
|
10th |
50th |
90th |
Males and Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
10.8 |
(9.96-11.8) |
4.00 |
(3.40-4.50) |
10.8 |
(10.0-11.5) |
28.7 |
(25.8-33.0) |
1992 |
3–5 years |
11.5 |
(10.3-12.9) |
5.10 |
(4.00-6.00) |
11.3 |
(10.0-13.4) |
24.6 |
(18.9-31.4) |
128 |
6–11 years |
12.9 |
(12.1-13.6) |
6.50 |
(5.90-7.40) |
12.4 |
(11.5-12.9) |
27.7 |
(22.7-31.8) |
340 |
12–19 years |
9.64 |
(8.86-10.5) |
4.40 |
(4.00-5.00) |
9.70 |
(8.70-10.7) |
20.5 |
(18.4-23.4) |
671 |
20–39 years |
9.62 |
(7.80-11.9) |
3.50 |
(2.90-4.50) |
9.50 |
(7.50-12.3) |
25.6 |
(17.6-37.0) |
319 |
40–59 years |
10.3 |
(9.20-11.6) |
3.00 |
(2.50-4.20) |
10.4 |
(9.10-11.4) |
30.5 |
(24.5-39.4) |
291 |
60 years and older |
16.6 |
(13.8-19.9) |
5.00 |
(4.10-6.80) |
17.0 |
(14.4-20.9) |
46.6 |
(36.0-65.7) |
243 |
Males |
Total, 3 years and older |
10.1 |
(9.24-11.0) |
4.10 |
(3.20-4.50) |
10.3 |
(9.60-11.2) |
25.6 |
(22.4-28.7) |
984 |
3–5 years |
11.3 |
(9.60-13.2) |
5.10† |
(4.60-7.00) |
12.0 |
(8.30-14.3) |
22.7† |
(16.0-30.1) |
64 |
6–11 years |
14.4 |
(13.0-16.0) |
7.40 |
(6.30-8.40) |
13.5 |
(12.7-15.5) |
28.7 |
(22.7-35.1) |
175 |
12–19 years |
9.20 |
(8.22-10.3) |
4.20 |
(3.30-5.20) |
9.40 |
(8.30-10.8) |
20.1 |
(17.6-22.5) |
340 |
20–39 years |
8.88 |
(6.97-11.3) |
3.40 |
(2.90-4.40) |
9.10 |
(6.60-11.7) |
23.6 |
(14.8-34.0) |
132 |
40–59 years |
9.09 |
(7.95-10.4) |
2.90 |
(1.90-4.10) |
9.60 |
(8.00-10.9) |
25.8 |
(18.6-37.1) |
154 |
60 years and older |
13.0 |
(10.6-15.9) |
3.80 |
(3.20-5.00) |
14.1 |
(10.8-17.0) |
42.1 |
(26.8-51.3) |
119 |
Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
11.5 |
(10.4-12.7) |
4.00 |
(3.50-4.80) |
11.2 |
(10.3-12.7) |
32.5 |
(27.1-38.2) |
1008 |
3–5 years |
11.8 |
(9.69-14.3) |
4.60† |
(3.60-6.50) |
11.4 |
(9.20-14.4) |
31.1† |
(16.5-57.7) |
64 |
6–11 years |
11.3 |
(9.51-13.5) |
5.80 |
(5.10-6.60) |
10.5 |
(9.30-12.5) |
21.7 |
(17.0-35.5) |
165 |
12–19 years |
10.1 |
(9.10-11.2) |
4.70 |
(4.30-5.40) |
10.0 |
(8.50-11.3) |
20.9 |
(18.3-26.2) |
331 |
20–39 years |
10.2 |
(7.98-12.9) |
3.50 |
(2.80-4.90) |
10.0 |
(7.50-13.6) |
27.3 |
(17.6-42.6) |
187 |
40–59 years |
11.6 |
(9.90-13.7) |
3.00 |
(2.10-5.60) |
12.2 |
(9.50-15.3) |
37.1 |
(26.1-45.6) |
137 |
60 years and older |
19.6 |
(15.1-25.3) |
6.80 |
(3.00-11.9) |
19.7 |
(15.2-25.2) |
51.7 |
(36.9-93.4) |
124 |
† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size. |
Table 2.5.d. Serum trans-beta-carotene: Non-Hispanic whites
Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in µg/dL) for non-Hispanic whites in the U.S. population aged 3 years and older, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2002. |
|
Geometric mean
(95% conf. interval) |
Selected percentiles (95% conf. interval) |
Sample
size |
|
10th |
50th |
90th |
Males and Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
12.6 |
(11.6-13.7) |
4.50 |
(4.10-5.00) |
12.1 |
(11.4-13.1) |
36.4 |
(32.8-40.6) |
3582 |
3–5 years |
14.0 |
(12.2-16.0) |
6.10 |
(4.20-7.90) |
14.7 |
(11.7-16.7) |
30.9 |
(26.1-36.4) |
132 |
6–11 years |
13.6 |
(12.5-14.8) |
6.80 |
(5.70-8.20) |
13.4 |
(12.0-14.9) |
27.9 |
(22.7-31.1) |
300 |
12–19 years |
9.69 |
(8.94-10.5) |
4.20 |
(3.60-4.90) |
9.30 |
(8.60-10.5) |
22.0 |
(19.6-24.9) |
656 |
20–39 years |
10.1 |
(8.99-11.3) |
3.90 |
(3.20-4.60) |
9.50 |
(8.60-10.7) |
29.0 |
(23.7-36.2) |
772 |
40–59 years |
13.9 |
(12.5-15.5) |
4.70 |
(4.00-5.30) |
13.5 |
(12.2-14.7) |
44.4 |
(35.2-55.1) |
778 |
60 years and older |
16.5 |
(14.7-18.5) |
5.50 |
(4.30-6.40) |
17.6 |
(15.1-19.9) |
45.8 |
(40.8-51.5) |
944 |
Males |
Total, 3 years and older |
11.2 |
(10.3-12.3) |
3.90 |
(3.50-4.30) |
11.3 |
(10.2-12.1) |
32.1 |
(27.9-36.2) |
1739 |
3–5 years |
14.1 |
(12.2-16.2) |
5.60† |
(3.80-6.80) |
15.0 |
(11.9-16.6) |
31.4† |
(23.8-46.0) |
71 |
6–11 years |
13.8 |
(12.2-15.7) |
6.70 |
(5.60-8.40) |
13.8 |
(11.9-15.9) |
25.8 |
(22.1-33.0) |
157 |
12–19 years |
9.28 |
(8.36-10.3) |
4.00 |
(3.50-4.60) |
9.00 |
(8.00-10.3) |
20.3 |
(18.4-24.0) |
323 |
20–39 years |
9.02 |
(8.00-10.2) |
3.80 |
(3.10-4.60) |
8.60 |
(7.70-9.50) |
26.4 |
(19.3-33.6) |
312 |
40–59 years |
11.7 |
(10.5-13.2) |
3.80 |
(3.40-4.30) |
11.9 |
(10.2-12.9) |
35.0 |
(28.4-44.4) |
408 |
60 years and older |
14.7 |
(13.0-16.7) |
4.50 |
(3.40-5.70) |
15.6 |
(13.7-17.9) |
43.0 |
(35.2-50.9) |
468 |
Females |
Total, 3 years and older |
14.0 |
(12.7-15.5) |
5.10 |
(4.70-5.70) |
13.5 |
(12.1-15.1) |
40.1 |
(36.0-45.1) |
1843 |
3–5 years |
13.8 |
(10.4-18.4) |
7.60† |
(3.20-9.50) |
12.8 |
(9.60-17.3) |
30.6† |
(17.1-73.7) |
61 |
6–11 years |
13.3 |
(12.1-14.7) |
6.70 |
(5.30-8.00) |
12.8 |
(11.8-15.1) |
28.6 |
(21.5-31.3) |
143 |
12–19 years |
10.1 |
(9.16-11.2) |
4.50 |
(3.50-5.70) |
10.0 |
(8.60-11.5) |
24.2 |
(19.4-30.0) |
333 |
20–39 years |
11.1 |
(9.78-12.6) |
4.30 |
(3.40-5.00) |
10.4 |
(9.10-12.1) |
32.8 |
(27.4-39.8) |
460 |
40–59 years |
16.8 |
(14.5-19.4) |
5.70 |
(5.30-6.60) |
15.7 |
(13.8-18.4) |
54.7 |
(40.2-76.2) |
370 |
60 years and older |
18.0 |
(15.7-20.7) |
5.70 |
(4.80-7.60) |
19.0 |
(16.8-23.0) |
48.1 |
(41.1-56.3) |
476 |
† Estimate is subject to greater uncertainty due to small cell size. |