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Working Together To Manage Diabetes: A guide for Pharmacy, Podiatry, Optometry, and Dental professionals


Drug Table Supplement Contents

SECTION B Medications to Lower High Blood Pressure*

Category Generic Name Brand NameTM Minimum Daily Dose Maximum Daily Dose Special Considerations for class of drugs
Angiotensinconverting
enzyme (ACE) inhibitors		 benazepril Lotensin™
10 mg QD
40 mg QD or divided

May cause cough.

May increase potassium concentrations.

Do not use potassium or salt substitutes without consulting physician.

Do not use if pregnant or if trying to conceive.

Caution if creatinine >1.5.
captopril Capoten™
25 mg divided dose
100 mg divided dose
enalapril Vasotec™
5 mg QD
40 mg QD or divided
fosinopril Monopril™
10 mg QD
40 mg QD or divided
lisinopril Prinivil, Zestril™
10 mg QD
40 mg QD
moexipril Univasc™
7.5 mg QD
30 mg QD or divided
perindopril Aceon™
4 mg QD
8 mg QD
quinapril Accupril™
10 mg QD
80 mg QD or divided
ramipril Altace™
2.5 mg QD
20 mg QD or divided
Angiotensin II
receptor blockers		 trandolapril Mavik™
1 mg QD
4 mg QD

May cause dizziness and upset stomach.

Do not use potassium or salt substitutes without consulting physician.

Do not use if pregnant or if trying to conceive.

Caution if creatinine >1.5.
candesartan Atacand™
8 mg QD
32 mg QD or divided
eprosartan Teveten™
400 mg QD
800 mg QD or divided
irbesartan Avapro™
150 mg QD
300 mg QD
losartan Cozaar™
25 mg QD
100 mg QD or divided
olmesartan Benicar™
20 mg QD
40 mg QD
telmisartan Micardis™
20 mg QD
80 mg QD
valsartan Diovan™
80 mg QD
320 mg QD
Calcium channel blockers amlodipine Norvasc™
2.5 mg QD
10 mg QD

May cause constipation, dizziness, upset stomach, and flushing.

Call physician for shortness of breath, unusual heartbeat, or swelling of feet or hands.
diltiazem Cardizem LA™
120 mg QD
540 mg QD
diltiazem Cardizem CD™
180 mg QD
420 mg QD
diltiazem Dilacor XR™*
180 mg QD
420 mg QD
diltiazem Tiazac™
180 mg QD
420 mg QD
felodipine Plendil™*
2.5 mg QD
20 mg QD
isradipine DynaCircCR™*
2.5 mg QD
10 mg QD
nicardipine Cardene SR™*
60mg in divided dose
120 mg divided dose
nifedipine Adalat CC™*
30 mg QD
60 mg QD
nifedipine Procardia XL™*
30 mg QD
60 mg QD
nisoldipine Sular™*
10 mg QD
40 mg QD
verapamil Calan™
80 mg QD in divided dose
320 mg divided dose
verapamil Calan SR ™
120 mg QD
480 mg divided dose
verapamil Covera HS™*
120 mg QD
360 mg QD
verapamil Isoptin™
80 mg QD in divided dose
320 mg divided dose
verapamil Isoptin SR™*
120 mg QD
480 mg QD or divided
verapamil Verelan™
80 mg QD in divided dose
320 mg divided dose
verapamil Verelan PM™
120 mg QD
360 mg QD
Thiazides and related diuretics bedroflumethiazide Naturetin™
2.5 mg QD
20 mg QD

May increase blood glucose concentrations.

Take in morning to minimize diuretic effect at night.

May cause low potassium, need to monitor level.
chlorothiazide Diuril™
125 mg QD
500 mg QD or divided
chlorthalidone Hygroton™
12.5 mg QD
25 mg QD
hydrochlorothiazide HydroDIURIL™
12.5 mg QD
50 mg QD or divided
hydrochlorothiazide Microzide™
12.5 mg QD
50 mg QD or divided
indapamide Lozol™
1.25 mg QD
2.5 mg QD
methyclothiazide Enduron™
2.5 mg QD
5 mg QD
metolazone Mykrox™
0.5 mg QD
1.0 mg QD
metolazone Zaroxolyn™
2.5 mg QD
5 mg QD
Loop diuretics bumetanide Bumex™
0.5 mg QD
2 mg QD or divided

May cause low potassium.

Need blood test to monitor level.

(Parenteral drug available) May cause photosensitivity:sunscreen recommended.
ethacrynic acid Edecrin™
25 mg QD
200 mg divided dose
furosemide Lasix™
20 mg QD
80 mg QD or divided
torsemide Demadex™
2.5 mg QD
10 mg QD
Potassium-sparing
diuretics		 amiloride Midamor™ 5 mg QD 10 mg QD Do not use potassium or salt substitutes without consulting physician. Need to monitor potassium level.
triamterene Dyrenium™ 50 mg QD or divided 100 mg divided dose
Aldosterone receptor
blockers		 eplerenone Inspra™ 50 mg QD 100 mg divided dose
spironolactone Aldactone™ 25 mg QD 50 mg divided dose
ß-blockers acebutolol Sectral™ 200 mg QD 800 mg divided dose

Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.

May alter blood glucose, may mask signs of low blood.

Call physician for slow heart rate (<60), confusion, or swelling of feet or legs.

Can cause claudication.

Do not discontinue abruptly.
atenolol Tenormin™ 25 mg QD 100 mg QD
betaxolol Kerlone™ 5 mg QD 20 mg QD
bisoprolol Zebeta™ 2.5 mg QD 10 mg QD
carteolol Cartol™ 2.5 mg QD 10 mg QD
metoprolol Lopressor™ 50 mg QD 100 mg QD or divided
metoprolol Toprol XL™* 50 mg QD 100 mg QD
nadolol Corgard™ 40 mg QD 120 mg QD
penbutolol Levatol™ 10 mg QD 40 mg QD
pindolol Visken™ 10 mg in divided dose 40 mg divided dose
propranolol Inderal™ 40 mg divided dose 160 mg divided dose
propranolol Inderal LA™* 60 mg QD 180 mg QD
timolol Blocadren™ 20 mg divided dose 40 mg divided dose
α-blockers doxazosin Cardura™ 1 mg QD 16 mg QD To prevent dizziness, avoid standing up suddenly, especially with the first few doses.
prazosin Minipress™ 2 mg in divided dose 20 mg divided dose
terazosin Hytrin™ 1 mg QD 20 mg QD
Combined α-and ß-blockers carvedilol Coreg™ 12.5 mg divided dose 50 mg divided dose

May mask signs of low blood glucose levels.

Take with food to avoid stomach upset.
labetalol Normodyne™ 200 mg divided dose 800 mg divided dose
labetalol Trandate™ 200 mg divided dose 800 mg divided dose
Direct vasodilators hydralazine Apresoline™ 25 mg QD 100 mg divided dose May cause headaches, fluid retention, or fast heart rate.
midoxidil Loniten™ 2.5 mg QD 80 mg divided dose
Central a-agonists clonidine Catapres™ 0.1 mg QD 0.8 mg divided dose Do not discontinue drug suddenly without consulting physician.
clonidine Catapres TTS™* (patch) 0.1 mg Q week 0.3 mg Q week
methyldopa Aldomet™ 250 mg divided dose 1,000 mg divided dose
guanfacine Tenex™ 0.5 mg QD 2 mg QD
Peripheral
Anti-adrenergics
 guanadrel Hylorel™ 10 mg in divided dose 75 mg divided dose May cause dizziness, nasal congestion, and depression.
guanethidine Ismelin™ 10 mg QD 50 mg QD
resperine   0.1 mg divided dose 0.25 mg divided dose
* Agents in a class of medicines share mechanisms of action, require similar precautions and generally have similar side effects.
CC= extended release   XL=extended release   SR=sustained release   CR=controlled release   CD=extended release   XR=extended release   PM=extended release, controlled onset   LA = long acting  
HS=extended release, controlled onset   Dosages based on JNC7 usual dose range.
Note: There are many combination medications for the control of blood pressure. The indications and caveats are the same for each individual component.

For all anti-hypertensives:

  • Ask pharmacist before using OTC products.
  • Monitor blood pressure regularly.
  • To prevent dizziness, advise patient to stand up slowly. If dizziness persists, refer to health care provider.

Information about high blood pressure can be found at the following Web sites:
  Health care professionals: www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/heart/index.htm
  Information for people with diabetes: www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp
  Drugs used to treat high blood pressure: www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/hypertension/express.pdf**

 

**PDF files require the free Adobe Acrobat Reader application for viewing.

NDEP-54-S

March 2007

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