Search Results - C (587 entries)

C: Centigrade  (49CFR171)

C&P: Conditions and Performance (Report to Congress)  (FHWA12)

C2H5OH: Ethanol  (DOE6)

CA: Cab To Axle  (GSA2)

CA: Contract Air  (MTMC1)

CA: Conflict Alert  (FAA19)

CA/MSAW: Conflict Alert/Minimum Safe Altitude Warning  (FAA19)

CAA: Civil Aviation Authority  (FAA17)

CAA: Clean Air Act  (VDOT)

CAAA: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990  (BTS2)

Cab: That portion of the superstructure designed to be occupied by the crew operating the locomotive.  (49CFR229)

CAB: Civil Aeronautics Board  (FAA2)

Cab: The compartment of a locomotive from which the propelling power and power brakes of the train are manually controlled.  (49CFR236)

Cab: Portion of truck where the driver sits; tractor. The passenger compartment of a vehicle.  (ATA1)

Cab Beside Engine: The cab is located to left or right side of the engine.  (BOC3)

Cab Forward of the Engine: The engine is directly behind the cab.  (BOC3)

Cab Over: A vehicle with a substantial part of its engine located under the cab. Also known as snubnose.  (ATA1)

Cab Signal: A signal located in engineman's compartment or cab, indicating a condition affecting the movement of a train and used in conjunction with interlocking signals and in conjunction with or in lieu of block signals.  (49CFR236)

Cab-Over-Engine (COE): A truck or truck-tractor, having all, or the front portion, of the engine under the cab.  (49CFR399)

Cab-Over-Engine (COE) High Profile: A COE having the door sill step above the height of the front tires.  (49CFR399)

Cab-To-Axle Dimension (CA): The distance from the back of a truck cab to the center line of the rear axle. For trucks with tandem rear axles, the CA dimension is given midway between the two rear axles.  (GSA2)

Cabin Deck: The second deck on most river steamboats. It was lined with staterooms surrounding the main cabin. It was also called the Boiler deck even though the boilers were on the cargo deck below.  (TNDOT1)

Cabin Motorboat: Motorboats with a cabin which can be completely closed by means of doors or hatches. Large motorboats with cabins, even though referred to as yachts, are considered to be cabin motorboats.  (USCG2)

Cable Car: An electric railway operating in mixed street traffic with unpowered, individually-controlled transit vehicles propelled by moving cables located below the street surface and powered by engines or motors at a central location not on board the vehicle.  (APTA1)

Cable Cars: Streetcar type of passenger vehicles operating by means of an attachment to a moving cable located below the street surface and powered by engines or motors at a central location not on board the vehicles.  (FTA1)

Cableway: A conveyor system in which carrier units run on wire cables strung between supports.  (DOI4)

Caboose: A car in a freight train intended to provide transportation for crew members.  (49CFR223)

Cabotage: A law which requires coastal and intercoastal traffic to be carried by vessels belonging to the country owning the coast.  (USTTA1)

Cackle Crate: Truck that hauls live poultry.  (ATA1)

CAD: Computer-Aided Dispatch  (FTA4)

CADLAS: Computer Assisted Depreciation and Life Analysis System  (BTS7)

CAEG: Computer Aided Engineering Graphics  (FAA17)   (FAA19)

CAFE: Corporate Average Fuel Economy  (BTS2)   (NHTSA5)

Calculated Landing Time: A term that may be used in place of tentative or actual calculated landing time, whichever applies.  (FAA4)

Calendar Year: The period of time between January 1 and December 31 of any given year.  (DOE6)

Calibrated Airspeed: The indicated airspeed of an aircraft, corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level.  (14CFR1)

Call For Release: Wherein the overlying Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) requires a terminal facility to initiate verbal coordination to secure Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) approval for release of a departure into the en route environment.  (FAA4)

Call Up: Initial voice contact between a facility and an aircraft, using the identification of the unit being called and the unit initiating the call.  (FAA4)

CALTRANS: California Department of Transportation  (BTS2)

Camel Back Body: Truck body with floor curving downward at the rear.  (ATA1)

Camp Car: Any on-track vehicle, including outfit, camp, or bunk cars or modular homes mounted on flat cars used to house rail employees. It does not include wreck trains.  (49CFR218)

Campaign: A Defect/Noncompliance Campaign Program carried out by the manufacturer and initiated under 46 U.S.C. 4310. Starts as a case. A campaign may involve only one boat.  (USCG1)

Canadian Minimum Navigation Performance Specification Airspace: That portion of Canadian domestic airspace within which Minimum Performance Specifications Airspace (MNPSA) separation may be applied.  (FAA4)

Canal/Ditch: (See also Aqueduct) An artificial open waterway constructed to transport water, to irrigate or drain land, to connect two or more bodies of water, or to serve as a waterway for watercraft.  (DOI3)

Canard: The forward wing of a canard configuration and may be a fixed, movable, or variable geometry surface, with or without control surfaces.  (14CFR1)

Canard Configuration: A configuration in which the span of the forward wing is substantially less than that of the main wing.  (14CFR1)

Cancellation of Insurance: The withdrawal of insurance coverage by either the insurer or the insured.  (49CFR387)

Capacity Per Aircraft Mile: The average total passenger/cargo carrying capacity (tons) offered for sale per aircraft in revenue services, derived by dividing the overall available ton-miles by the total aircraft miles flown in revenue services.  (BTS5)

Cape: A relatively extensive land area jutting into a water body, which prominently marks a change in or notably interrupts the coastal trend of that water body.  (DOI4)

Capital Employee: An employee involved with construction or capital procurement and who has no involvement with operation of the transit system.  (APTA1)

Capital Gains or Losses, Operating Property: Gains or losses on retirements of operating property and equipment, flight equipment expendable parts or miscellaneous materials and supplies when sold or otherwise retired in connection with a general retirement program as opposed to incidental sales performed as a service to others.  (BTS4)

Capital Gains or Losses, Other: Gains or losses on no operating assets, investments in other than marketable equity securities, and troubled debt restructuring.  (BTS4)

Capital Program Funds: Financial assistance from the Capital Program of 49 U.S.C. (formerly Section 3). This program enables the Secretary of Transportation to make discretionary capital grants and loans to finance public transportation projects divided among fixed guideway (rail) modernization; construction of new fixed guideway systems and extensions to fixed guideway systems; and, replacement, rehabilitation, and purchase of buses and rented equipment, and construction of bus-related facilities.  (FTA1)

Capitalized Interest: Adjustment to income for interest capitalized on funds actually committed as equipment purchase deposits or actually used to finance the construction or acquisition of operating property.  (BTS4)

CAPOS: Cargo Performance Overview System  (BTS7)

Capsizing: Overturning of a vessel. The bottom must be uppermost, except on the case of a sailboat, which lies on its side.  (USCG2)

Captain of the Port (COTP): The officer of the Coast Guard, under the command of a District Commander, designated by the Commandant for the purpose of giving immediate direction to Coast Guard law enforcement activities within an assigned area. The term Captain of the Port includes an authorized representative of the Captain of the Port.  (49CFR171)

Captive Imports: Products produced overseas specifically for domestic manufacturers.  (DOE6)

Car: See also Automobile, Minivan, Motor Vehicle, Taxi, Vehicle.

Car: 1) Any unit of on-track equipment designed to be hauled by locomotives; 2) Any unit of on-track work equipment such as a track motorcar, highway-rail vehicle, push car, crane, ballast tamping machine, etc; 3) A railway car designed to carry freight, railroad personnel, or passengers. This includes boxcars, covered hopper cars, flatcars, refrigerator cars, gondola cars, hopper cars, tank cars, cabooses, stock cars, ventilation cars, and special cars. It also includes on-track maintenance equipment.  (FRA2)   (FRA3)   (FRA4)

CAR: Caribbean Region  (USTTA1)

Car Capacity: Load limitation of a freight car in terms of volume or weight.  (AAR1)

Car Shop Repair Track Area: One or more tracks within an area in which the testing, servicing, repair, inspection, or rebuilding of railroad rolling equipment is under the exclusive control of mechanical department personnel.  (49CFR218)

Car-Mile: The movement of a car a distance of one mile.  (AAR1)

CARAT: Congestion Avoidance and Reduction for Automobiles and Trucks  (FHWA14)

CARB: California Air Resources Board  (VDOT)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2): A fluid consisting of more than 90 percent carbon dioxide molecules compressed to a supercritical state.  (49CFR195)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2): A colorless, odorless, non-poisonous gas that is a normal part of the ambient air. Carbon dioxide is a product of fossil fuel combustion.  (DOE6)

Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless, highly toxic gas that is a normal by-product of incomplete fossil fuel combustion. Carbon monoxide, one of the major air pollutants, can be harmful in small amounts if breathed over a certain period of time.  (DOE6)

Carburetor: (See also Diesel Fuel System, Fuel Injection) A fuel delivery device for producing a proper mixture of gasoline vapor and air, and delivering it to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. Gasoline is gravity fed from a reservoir bowl into a throttle bore, where it is allowed to evaporate into the stream of air being inducted by the engine. The fuel efficiency of carburetors is more temperature dependent than fuel injection systems.  (DOE4)

CARD: Crash Avoidance Research Data File  (NHTSA2)

Cardinal Altitude: (See also Flight Level) "Odd" or "Even" thousand-foot altitudes or flight levels; e.g., 5,000, 6,000, 7,000, FL 250, FL 260, FL 270.  (FAA4)

CARF: Central Altitude Reservation Function  (FAA4)   (FAA17)   (FAA8)

Carfloat: A vessel that operates on a short run on an irregular basis and serves one or more points in a port area as an extension of a rail line or highway over water, and does not operate in ocean, coastwise, or ferry service.  (49CFR171)

Carfloat: A barge equipped with tracks on which up to about 12 railroad cars are moved in harbors or inland waterways.  (MARAD2)

Cargo: See also Commodity, Freight, Goods, Product.

Cargo: 1) Freight carried by a barge. 2) Property, mail and express; other than passengers transported.  (BTS6)   (TNDOT1)

Cargo Aircraft: An aircraft that is used to transport cargo and is not engaged in carrying passengers. The terms cargo aircraft only, cargo-only aircraft and cargo aircraft have the same meaning.  (49CFR171)

Cargo Crane: A crane especially adapted to the transferring of cargo between a vessel's hold and a wharf.  (TNDOT1)

Cargo Insurance and Freight (CIF): Refers to cargos for which the seller pays for the transportation and insurance up to the port of destination.  (DOE5)

Cargo Tank: A bulk packaging which: 1) Is a tank intended primarily for the carriage of liquids or gases and includes appurtenances, reinforcements, fittings, and closures; 2) Is permanently attached to or forms a part of a motor vehicle, or is not permanently attached to a motor vehicle but which, by reason of its size. construction or attachment to a motor vehicle is loaded or unloaded without being removed from the motor vehicle; and 3) Is not fabricated under a specification for cylinders, portable tanks, tank cars, or multi-unit tank car tanks.  (49CFR171)

Cargo Tank Motor Vehicle: A motor vehicle with one or more cargo tanks permanently attached to or forming an integral part of the motor vehicle.  (49CFR171)

Cargo Ton-Miles: One ton of cargo transported one mile.  (BTS6)

Cargo Tonnes: The tonnes of cargo carried by a vessel on each or any transit.  (SLSDC1)

Cargo Transfer System: A component, or system of components functioning as a unit, used exclusively for transferring hazardous fluids in bulk between a tank car, tank truck, or marine vessel and a storage tank.  (49CFR193)

Cargo Vessel: 1) Any vessel other than a passenger vessel; 2) any ferry being operated under authority of a change of character certificate issued by a Coast Guard Officer-in-Charge, Marine Inspection.  (49CFR171)

Cargo-Carrying Unit: Any portion of a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) combination (other than a truck tractor) used for the carrying of cargo, including a trailer, semitrailer, or the cargo-carrying section of a single-unit truck.  (23CFR658)

Carload: Shipment of freight required to fill a rail car.  (ATA2)

Carload: A shipment of not less than 10,000 pounds of one commodity from one consignor to one consignee.  (AAR1)

Carpool: An arrangement where two or more people share the use and cost of privately owned automobiles in traveling to and from pre-arranged destinations together.  (ATPA1)

Carried Carload: Any carload which travels on a particular railroad.  (AAR1)

Carrier: A person engaged in the transportation of passengers or property by land or water, as a common, contract, or private carrier; or civil aircraft.  (49CFR171)

Carrier Group: A grouping of certificated air carriers determined by annual operating revenues as shown below: Majors $1 billion +; Nationals $100 million to $1 billion; Large regionals $20 million to $99.9 million; Medium regionals 0 to $19.9 million or that operate aircraft with 60 or less seats or maximum payload capacity of 18,000 lbs.  (FAA2)   (FAA15)

Carrier Liability: A common carrier is liable for all loss, damage, and delay with the exception of act of God, act of a public enemy, act of a public authority, act of the shipper, and the inherent nature of the goods. Carrier liability is specified in the terms of the bill of lading.  (MARAD1)

Carrier Type: "For-hire", private or "other."  (FHWA2)   (FHWA4)

Cartage: Usually refers to intra-city hauling on drays or trucks.  (MARAD2)

CAS: Calibrated Airspeed  (14CFR1)

CASA: Controller Automated Spacing Aid  (FAA17)

Case: An investigation of a particular boating problem or incident to determine if there is a substantial risk to the public or violation of the regulations. A case may become a campaign.  (USCG1)

Case: A single incident of distress to which one or more Coast Guard units respond.  (USCG3)

CASTWG: Converging Approach Standards Technical Working Group  (FAA17)

Casualty: See also Accident, Collision, Crash, Derailment, Fatality, Event, Incident, Injury, Personal Casualties terms.

Casualty: 1) A fatality, a nonfatal injury, or an occupational illness resulting from railroad operations; 2) A reportable death, injury, or illness arising from the operation of a railroad. Casualties may be classified as either fatal or nonfatal.  (FRA2)   (FRA3)

CAT: Clear - Air Turbulence  (FAA4)

Category: 1) As used with respect to the certification, ratings, privileges, and limitations of airmen, means a broad classification of aircraft. Examples include: airplane; rotor craft; glider; and lighter-than-air; and 2) As used with respect to the certification of aircraft, means a grouping of aircraft based upon intended use or operating limitations. Examples include: transport, normal, utility, acrobatic, limited, restricted, and provisional.  (14CFR1)

Category A: With respect to transport category rotorcraft, means multi-engine rotorcraft designed with engine and system isolation features specified in 14CFR Part 29 and utilizing scheduled takeoff and landing operations under a critical engine failure concept which assures adequate designated surface area and adequate performance capability for continued safe flight in the event of engine failure.  (14CFR1)

Category B: With respect to transport category rotorcraft, means single-engine or multi-engine rotorcraft which do not fully meet all Category A standards. Category B rotorcraft have no guaranteed stay-up ability in the event of engine failure and unscheduled landing is assumed.  (14CFR1)

Category II Operations: With respect to the operation of aircraft, means a straight-in Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to the runway of an airport under a Category II ILS instrument approach procedure issued by the [Federal Aviation Administration] Administrator or other appropriate authority.  (14CFR1)

Category III Operations: With respect to the operation of aircraft, means an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to, and landing on, the runway of an airport using a Category III ILS instrument approach procedure issued by the [Federal Aviation Administration] Administrator or other appropriate authority.  (14CFR1)

Caval: See Kevel.

Caving Bank: A bank which is eroding because of swift running currents along the shore or because of eddies below bends or along the shoreline whether on right-or left-handed drafts. More prevalent on rivers with unstable channels and during periods of high water; very common occurrence on the Lower Mississippi River.  (TNDOT1)

CBD: Central Business District  (APTA1)

CBI: Computer Based Instruction  (FAA19)

CCF: Capital Construction Fund  (FHWA12)

CCMIS: Compliance Management Information System  (FAA7)

CCTV: Closed-Circuit Television  (FTA4)

CD: Common Digitizer  (FAA19)

CD-ROM: Compact Disk Read Only Memory  (BTS2)

CDC: Computer Display Channel  (FAA19)

CDL: Commercial Driver's License  (49CFR383)   (FHWA10)

CDLIS: Commercial Driver's License Information System  (49CFR383)   (FHWA10)

CDM: Congestion/Demand Management  (TXDOT)

CDR: Critical Design Review  (FAA19)

CDS: Computer Distribution System  (FAA19)

CDS: Crashworthiness Data System  (NHTSA2)

CDT: Controlled Departure Time  (FAA4)   (FAA7)

CDTI: Cockpit Display of Traffic Information  (FAA17)   (FAA7)

Ceiling: 1) The height above the earth's surface of the lowest layer of clouds or obscuring phenomena that is reported as "broken", "overcast", or "obscuration", and not classified as "thin" or "partial". 2) The height above the ground or water of the base of the lowest layer of the cloud below 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) covering more than half the sky.  (14CFR1)   (FAA4)

Cement Mixer: Truck with a noisy engine or transmission.  (ATA1)

Census: The complete enumeration of a population or groups at a point in time with respect to well-defined characteristics: for example, population,production, traffic on particular roads. In some connection the term is associated with the data collected rather than the extent of the collection so that the term sample census has a distinct meaning. The partial enumeration resulting from a failure to cover the whole population, as distinct from a designed sample enquiry, may be referred to as an "incomplete census."  (DOE5)

Census Division: A geographic area consisting of several States defined by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. The States are grouped into nine divisions and four regions.  (DOE4)

Center Area: The specified airspace within which an Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) provides air traffic control and advisory service.  (FAA4)   (FAA14)

Center Radar Approach Control (CERAP): A combined Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) and a Terminal Radar Approach Control facility (TRACON).  (FAA13)   (FAA14)

Center Weather Advisory (CWA): An unscheduled weather advisory issued by Center Weather Service Unit meteorologists for Air Traffic Control (ATC) use to alert pilots of existing or anticipated adverse weather conditions within the next 2 hours. A CWA may modify or redefine a SIGMET.  (FAA4)

Central Business District (CBD): The downtown retail trade and commercial area of a city or an area of very high land valuation, traffic flow, and concentration of retail business offices, theaters, hotels and services.  (APTA1)

Central City: (See also Metropolitan Statistical Area, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area) Usually one or more legally incorporated cities within the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) that is significantly large by itself or large relative to the largest city in the MSA. Additional criteria for being classified as "Central City" include having at least 75 jobs for each 100 employed residents and having at least 40 percent of the resident workers employed within the city limits. Every MSA has at least one central city, usually the largest city. Central cities are commonly regarded as relatively large communities with a denser population and a higher concentration of economic activities than the outlying or suburban areas of the MSA. "Outside Central City" are those parts of the MSA not designated as central city.  (DOE4)

Central East Pacific: An organized route system between the U.S. West Coast and Hawaii.  (FAA4)

CERAP: Combined Center Radar Approach Control  (FAA4)   (FAA19)

CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980  (RSPA2)

CERCLIS: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System  (TXDOT)

Certificate of Inspection: A document certifying that merchandise (such as perishable goods) was in good condition immediately prior to shipment. Preshipment inspection is a requirement for importation of goods into many developing countries.  (USTTA1)

Certificate of Origin: A form showing the country of production of export shipment, frequently required by customs officials of an importing country. The certificate enables customs officials to determine which goods being imported are entitled to preferential tariff treatment. It is usually endorsed by a consular official of the country of destination at the port of shipment.  (TNDOT1)

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity: 1) A certificate issued to an air carrier under Section 401 of the Federal Aviation Act by Department of Transportation (DOT) authorizing the carrier to engage in air transportation. 2) The grant of operating authority (issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission, ICC; and the Federal Maritime Commission, (FMC) that is given to common carriers. A carrier must prove that a public need exists and that the carrier is fit, willing and able to provide the needed service. The certificate may specify the commodities to be hauled, the area to be served, and the routes to be used.  (FAA4)   (FAA11)   (FAA15)

Certificated: Holding a currently valid Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity.  (FAA15)

Certificated Air Carrier: An air carrier holding a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity issued by DOT to conduct scheduled services interstate. Nonscheduled or charter operations may also be conducted by these carriers. These carriers operate large aircraft (30 seats or more or a maximum payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or more) in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 121.  (DOE6)   (FAA2)   (FAA4)   (FAA9)   (FAA11)

Certificated Airport: An airport operating under Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 139. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issues airport operating certificates to all airports serving scheduled air carrier aircraft designed for more than 30 passenger seats. Certificated airports must meet minimum safety standards in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 139.  (FAA3)

Certification: A manufacturer's statement that the boat he manufactures is subject to the Federal regulations indicated in the certification statement and has been designed and constructed to comply with those regulations.  (USCG1)

Certification of Public Road Mileage: An annual document (certification) that must be furnished by each state to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) certifying the total public road mileage (kilometers) in the state as of December 31 of the preceding year.  (FHWA2)

Certified Capacity: (See also Design Capacity) The capability of a pipeline project to move gas volumes on a given day, based on a specific set of flowing parameters (operating pressures, temperature, efficiency, and fluid properties) for the pipeline system as stated in the dockets filed (and subsequently certified) in the application for the Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Generally, the certificated capacity represents a level of service that can be maintained over an extended period of time and may not represent the maximum throughput capability of the system on any given day.  (DOE1)

Certified Glazing: A glazing material that has been certified by the manufacturer as having met the testing requirements set forth in Appendix A of 49 CFR 223 and that has been installed in such a manner that it will perform its intended function.  (49CFR223)

CFC: Chlorofluorocarbon  (BTS8)

CFCF: Central Flow Control Function  (FAA4)   (FAA19)   (FAA8)

CFF: Clean Fuel Fleet  (VDOT)

CFMWP: Central Flow Weather Service Unit  (FAA19)

CFR: Code of Federal Regulations  (FHWA10)   (RSPA1)

CFS: Commodity Flow Survey  (BTS2)

CFS: Container Freight Station  (MARAD2)

CFV: Clean Fleet Vehicle  (VDOT)

CH3OH: Methanol  (DOE6)

CH4: Methane  (BTS8)

Chaff: Thin, narrow metallic reflectors of various lengths and frequency responses, used to reflect radar energy. These reflectors when dropped from aircraft and allowed to drift downward result in large targets on the radar display.  (FAA4)

Chair: See Sidecar.

Chamber Time: Total time tow is in the chamber from entry to exit.  (TNDOT1)

Channel Bottom: Project depth or grade elevation.  (TNDOT1)

Channel Gradient: The slope of the water surface of a stream channel through the bridge site to the nearest one tenth of a percent.  (DOI2)

Channel Meander: An unstable river channel which changes its location after high water periods.  (TNDOT1)

Channel Report: A report of channel conditions, soundings, etc., found by an aids to navigation tender on routine patrol; includes report of courses steered. The channel report is issued only for open rivers and is written in pilots' jargon.  (TNDOT1)

Channel Width: The upstream channel width (bank to bank dimensions of the defined channel, not the flood plain) at a bridge site; to the nearest foot.  (DOI2)

Channoine Weir: A section of a dam, built in the form of a spillway, lying between the anchor weir proper on the land side of a lock wall and the bear trap which is adjacent to the navigable path.  (TNDOT1)

Character of Vessel: The type of service in which the vessel is engaged at the time of carriage of a hazardous material.  (49CFR171)

Charge It: Let brake air flow into semitrailer lines.  (ATA1)

Charted Visual Flight Procedure Approach: An approach wherein a radar-controlled aircraft on an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Flight plan, operating in Visual Flight Rules (VFR) conditions and having an Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization, may proceed to the airport of intended landing via visual landmarks and altitudes depicted on a charted visual flight procedure.  (FAA4)

Charted Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Flyways: Flight paths recommended for use to bypass areas heavily traversed by large turbine-powered aircraft. Pilot compliance with recommended flyways and associated altitudes is strictly voluntary. Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Flyway Planning charts are published on the back of existing Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Terminal Area charts.  (FAA4)

Charter Bus: A bus transporting a group of persons who pursuant to a common purpose, and under a single contract at a fixed price, have acquired the exclusive use of a bus to travel together under an itinerary.  (APTA1)

Charter Party: Contract between the owner of a vessel and a shipper for letting of the vessel or a part thereof.  (TNDOT1)

Charter Service: A commercial passenger vehicle trip not scheduled, but specially arranged. The charter contract normally commits the carrier to furnish the agreed to transportation service at a specified time between designated locations.  (FHWA2)

Charter Service: A vehicle hired for exclusive use that does not operate over a regular route, on a regular schedule and is not available to the general public.  (FTA1)

Charter Service Hours: The total hours traveled/operated by a revenue vehicle while in charter service. Charter service hours include hours traveled/operated while carrying passengers for hire, plus associated deadhead hours.  (FTA1)

Charter Transportation of Passengers: Transportation, using a bus, of a group of persons who pursuant to a common purpose, under a single contract, at a fixed charge for the vehicle, have acquired the exclusive use of the vehicle to travel together under an itinerary either specified in advance or modified after having left the place of origin.  (49CFR390)

Chase: An aircraft flown in proximity to another aircraft normally to observe its performance during training or testing.  (FAA4)

Chassis: See also Body.

Chassis: The load-supporting frame in a truck or trailer, exclusive of any appurtenances which might be added to accommodate cargo.  (49CFR393)

Chassis: A frame with wheels and container locking devices in order to secure the container for movement.  (MARAD2)

Chassis Cab: An incomplete vehicle consisting of a cab on a bare frame rail chassis, needing a body or load platform in order to become complete.  (TII1)   (TII2)

CHCP: Cargo Handling Cooperative Program  (MARAD4)

Cheater Bar: See Breakdown Bar.

Check Line: A line used to help check a boat's headway when landing or entering a lock.  (TNDOT1)

Check Post: A mooring bit on a lock wall.  (TNDOT1)

Checked Baggage: Baggage accepted by the air carrier for transportation in the hold of the aircraft.  (FAA1)

CHEMTREC: Chemical Transportation Emergency Center  (RSPA2)

CHI: Computer-Human Interface  (FAA19)

Chicago Grips: A colloquial term used for a wire come-along used in hoisting wire rope.  (TNDOT1)

Chief Hood Lifter: Garage superintendent.  (ATA1)

CHMSL: Center High Mounted Stop Lamps  (MM)

CHRIS: Chemical Hazards Response Information System  (RSPA2)

CHS: Charleston Air Force Base / International Airport  (FAA11)

Chunk: Differential housing on powered axles.  (ATA1)

Chute: 1) Section of river that is narrower than ordinary and through which the river current increases, often navigable from bank to bank. 2) a narrow sloping passage by which water falls or flows to a lower level (between an island and a bank).  (TNDOT1)

CID: Cubic Inch Displacement  (DOE4)

CIF: Cost Insurance Freight  (DOE3)   (DOE8)

CIP: Capital Investment Plan  (FAA17)   (FAA19)

Circle to Land Maneuver: A maneuver initiated by the pilot to align the aircraft with a runway for landing when a straight-in landing from an instrument approach is not possible or is not desirable. This maneuver is made only after Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization has been obtained and the pilot has established required visual reference to the airport.  (FAA4)

Circle to Runway (Runway Number) Maneuver: Used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) to inform the pilot that he must circle to land because the runway in use is other than the runway aligned with the instrument approach procedure. When the direction of the circling maneuver in relation to the airport/runway is required, the controller will state the direction (eight cardinal compass points) and specify a left or right downwind or base leg as appropriate; (e.g., "Cleared Very High Frequency Omni-Directional Radio Range (VOR) Runway Three Six Approach circle to Runway Two," or "Circle northwest of the airport for a right downwind to Runway Two.").  (FAA4)

Circling Approach: See Circle to Land Maneuver.

Circuit: A conductor or a system of conductors through which electric current flows.  (DOE5)

Circuit Controller: A device for opening and closing electric circuits.  (49CFR236)

Circuit-Mile: The total length in miles of separate circuits regardless of the number of conductors used per circuit.  (DOE5)

Circulator Bus: A bus serving an area confined to a specific locale, such as a downtown area or suburban neighborhood with connections to major traffic corridors.  (APTA1)

Circus Wagon: Low sided trailer with high bow tarp.  (ATA1)

CITAT: Container Inspection Training and Assistance Team  (RSPA1)

City Flyer: Short, low trailer with high bow tarp.  (ATA1)

City Gate: A point or measuring station at which a distribution gas utility receives gas from a natural gas pipeline company or transmission system.  (DOE3)

City Trip: A commercial vehicle trip within a single city, town, county, or other geographic jurisdiction.  (FHWA2)

Civil Aircraft: Aircraft other than public aircraft.  (14CFR1)

CL: Carload or containerload  (MARAD2)

Class: 1) With respect to the certification, ratings, privileges, and limitations of airmen, means a classification of aircraft within a category having similar operating characteristics. Examples include: single engine; multiengine; land; water; gyroplane; helicopter; airship; and free balloon; and 2) With respect to the certification of aircraft, means a broad grouping of aircraft having similar characteristics of propulsion, flight, or landing. Examples include: airplane; rotorcraft; glider; balloon; landplane; and seaplane.  (14CFR1)

Class 1 Road: Hard surface highways including Interstate and U.S. numbered highways (including alternates), primary State routes, and all controlled access highways.  (DOI3)

Class 2 Road: Hard surface highways including secondary State routes, primary county routes, and other highways that connect principal cities and towns, and link these places with the primary highway system.  (DOI3)

Class 3 Road: Hard surface roads not included in a higher class and improved, loose surface roads passable in all kinds of weather. These roads are adjuncts to the primary and secondary highway systems. Also included are important private roads such as main logging or industrial roads which serve as connecting links to the regular road network.  (DOI3)

Class 4 Road: Unimproved roads which are generally passable only in fair weather and used mostly for local traffic. Also included are driveways, regardless of construction.  (DOI3)

Class 5 Road: Unimproved roads passable only with 4 wheel drive vehicles.  (DOI3)

Class A and B Explosives In Bulk: The transportation, as cargo, of any Class A or B explosive(s) in any quantity.  (49CFR387)

Class A By Inland and Coastal Waterways Carrier: A class A carrier by water is one with an average annual operation revenue that exceeds $500,000.  (TNDOT1)

Class B By Inland and Coastal Waterways Carrier: A class B carrier by water is one with an average annual operating revenue greater than $100,000 but less than $500,000.  (TNDOT1)

Class I Freight Railroad: Defined by the Interstate Commerce Commission each year based on annual operating revenue. For 1988, the threshold for Class I railroads was $87.9 million. A railroad is dropped from the Class I list if it fails to meet the annual earnings threshold for three consecutive years.  (DOE6)

Class I Motor Carrier: Motor carrier with annual revenues greater than $10 million. Prior to January 1, 1994, the revenue classification level was $5 million.  (ATA2)

Class I Railroad: A railroad with an annual gross operating revenue in excess of $250 million based on 1991 dollars.  (FRA3)

Class I-VIII Truck: Trucks with the following gross vehicle weight (GVW): I - 6,000 or less; II - 6,001-10,000; III - 10,001-14,000; IV - 14,001-16,000; V - 16,001-19,500; VI - 19,501-26,000; VII - 26,001-33,000; VIII - 33,001 or more.  (ATA2)

Class II Motor Carrier: Motor carrier with annual revenues between $3 and $10 million. Prior to January 1, 1994, the revenue classification level was between $1 and $5 million.  (ATA2)

Class III Motor Carrier: Motor carrier with annual revenues under $1 million. Prior to January 1, 1994, the revenue classification level was under $1 million.  (ATA2)

Claused Bill of Lading: A bill of lading which has exceptions to the receipt of merchandise in "apparent good order" noted.  (TNDOT1)

CLC: Course Line Computer  (FAA4)

CLE: Cleveland - Hopkins International Airport  (FAA11)

Clean Bill of Lading: A bill of lading which covers goods received in apparent good order and condition and without qualification.  (TNDOT1)

Clean Bore: A single tank without compartments inside.  (ATA1)

Clean Fuel Vehicle: Vehicle meeting the clean fuel vehicle exhaust emissions standards with no restriction on fuel type.  (DOE6)

Clear Air Turbulence (CAT): Turbulence encountered in air where no clouds are present. This term is commonly applied to high-level turbulence associated with wind shear. CAT is often encountered in the vicinity of the jet stream.  (FAA4)

Clear of the Runway: 1) A taxiing aircraft, which is approaching a runway, is clear of the runway when all parts of the aircraft are held short of the applicable holding position marking. 2) A pilot or controller may consider an aircraft, which is exiting or crossing a runway, to be clear of the runway when all parts of the aircraft are beyond the runway edge and there is no Air Traffic Control (ATC) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Glossary C 2 restriction to its continued movement beyond the applicable holding position marking. 3) Pilots and controllers shall exercise good judgement to ensure that adequate separation exists between all aircraft on runways and taxiways at airports with inadequate runway edge lines or holding position markings.  (FAA4)

Clearance: See also Cleared terms.

Clearance Lamp: A lamp used on the front and the rear of a motor vehicle to indicate its overall width and height.  (49CFR393)

Clearance Limit: The fix, point, or location to which an aircraft is cleared when issued an air traffic clearance.  (FAA4)

Clearance Traffic Control: Authorization for an aircraft to proceed under conditions specified by an air traffic control unit.  (FAA4)

Clearance Void If Not Off By Time: Used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) to advise an aircraft that the departure clearance is automatically canceled if takeoff is not made prior to a specified time. The pilot must obtain a new clearance or cancel his Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan if not off by the specified time.  (FAA4)

Clearance Void Time: A time specified by an air traffic control unit at which a clearance ceases to be valid unless the aircraft concerned has already taken action to comply therewith.  (FAA4)

Cleared: See also Clearance.

Cleared Approach: Air Traffic Controller (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to execute any standard or special instrument approach procedure for that airport. Normally, an aircraft will be cleared for a specific instrument approach procedure.  (FAA4)

Cleared as Filed: Means the aircraft is cleared to proceed in accordance with the route of flight filed in the flight plan. This clearance does not include the altitude, standard instrument departure (SID), or SID transition.  (FAA4)

Cleared For Takeoff: Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to depart. It is predicated on known traffic and known physical airport conditions.  (FAA4)

Cleared For the Option: Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to make a touch-and-go, low approach, missed approach, stop and go, or full stop landing at the discretion of the pilot. It is normally used in training so that an instructor can evaluate a student's performance under changing situations. Also known as Option Approach.  (FAA4)

Cleared Through: Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to make intermediate stops at specified airports without refiling a flight plan while enroute to the clearance limit.  (FAA4)

Cleared to Land: Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to land. It is predicated on known traffic and known physical airport conditions.  (FAA4)

Clearway: 1) For turbine engine powered airplanes certificated after August 29, 1959, an area beyond the runway, not less than 500 feet wide, centrally located about the extended centerline of the runway, and under the control of the airport authorities. The clearway is expressed in terms of a clearway plane, extending from the end of the runway with an upward slope not exceeding 1.25 percent, above which no object nor any terrain protrudes. However, threshold lights may protrude above the plane if their height above the end of the runway is 26 inches or less and if they are located to each side of the runway; and 2) For turbine engine powered airplanes certificated after September 30, 1958, but before August 30, 1959, an area beyond the takeoff runway extending no less than 300 feet on either side of the extended centerline of the runway, at an elevation no higher than the elevation of the end of the runway, clear of all fixed obstacles, and under the control of the airport authorities.  (14CFR1)

Climb to VFR: Air Traffic Control (ATC) authorization for an aircraft to climb to Visual Flight Rules (VFR) conditions within clause B, C, D, and E surface areas when the only weather limitation is restricted visibility. The aircraft must remain clear of clouds while climbing to Visual Flight Rules (VFR).  (FAA4)

Climbout: That portion of flight operation between takeoff and the initial cruising altitude.  (FAA4)

Climbout Speed: With respect to rotorcraft, means a referenced airspeed which results in a flight path clear of the height-velocity envelope during initial climbout.  (14CFR1)

Close the Gates: Close rear doors of trailer.  (ATA1)

Closed Runway: A runway that is unusable for aircraft operations. Only the airport management/military operations office can close a runway.  (FAA4)

Closed Traffic: Successive operations involving takeoffs and landings or low approaches where the aircraft does not exit the traffic pattern.  (FAA4)

Closing Dam: An earthen, sand, rock, or rock and brush structure built across slough or back channel to stop current flow at water stages below the crest elevation of the structure. Low flows are thus diverted to the main channel.  (TNDOT1)

CLT: Calculated Landing Time  (FAA4)

CLT: Charlotte / Douglas International Airport  (FAA11)

CLU: Compatible Land Use  (FAA7)

Clutter: In radar operations, clutter refers to the reception and visual display of radar returns caused by precipitation, chaff, terrain, numerous aircraft targets, or other phenomena. Such returns may limit or preclude Air Traffic Control (ATC) from providing services based on radar.  (FAA4)

CMAQ: Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (Improvement Program)  (VDOT)

CMH: Port Columbus International Airport  (FAA11)

CMNPS: Canadian Minimum Navigation Performance Specification Airspace  (FAA4)

CMS: Changeable Message Signs  (FHWAII)

CMS: Congestion Management Systems  (VDOT)

CMSA: Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area  (FHWA3)

CMV: Combat Mobility Vehicle  (MTMC1)

CMV: Commercial Motor Vehicle  (49CFR383)   (49CFR390)

CMVSA: Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986  (FHWA10)

CNG: Compressed Natural Gas  (BTS2)   (NHTSA5)

CNS: Communications, Navigation and Surveillance  (FAA17)   (FAA7)   (FAA19)

CO: Carbon Monoxide  (BTS2)

CO2: Carbon Dioxide  (BTS2)

Coach Passenger Revenue: Revenues from the air transportation of passengers moving at fares reduced from the first class or premium fares which are predicated upon both the operation of specifically designated aircraft space and a reduction in the quality of service regularly and ordinarily provided.  (BTS4)

Coach Service: Transport service established for the carriage of passengers at special reduced passenger fares that are predicated on both the operation of specifically designed aircraft space and a reduction in the quality of service regularly and ordinarily provided.  (BTS5)

Coal: A black or brownish-black solid, combustible substance formed by the partial decomposition of vegetable matter without access to air. The rank of coal, which includes anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite, is based on fixed carbon, volatile matter, and heating value. Coal rank indicates the progressive alteration, or coalification, from lignite to anthracite. Lignite contains approximately 9 to 17 million British Thermal Unit (BTU) per ton. The heat contents of subbituminous and bituminous coal range from 16 to 24 million BTU per ton, and from 19 to 30 million BTU per ton, respectively. Anthracite contains approximately 22 to 28 million BTU per ton.  (DOE3)

Coal Slurry: Finely crushed coal mixed with sufficient water to form a fluid.  (DOE6)

Coastal: Means transits to or from the Maritimes and U.S. Atlantic Ports.  (SLSDC1)

Coastal Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ): An Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) over the coastal waters of the United States.  (FAA4)

Coastal Fix: A navigation aid or intersection where an aircraft transitions between the domestic route structure and the oceanic route structure.  (FAA4)

Coastal Zone: All United States waters subject to the tide, waters of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain, specified ports and harbors on inland rivers, waters of the contiguous zone, other waters of the high seas subject to the National Contingency Plan, and the land surface or land substrate, ground waters, and ambient air proximal to those waters. The term "coastal zone" delineates an area of federal responsibility for response action. Precise boundaries are determined by agreements between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), and are identified in Federal Regional Contingency Plans and Area Contingency Plans.  (49CFR194)

Coastwise Traffic: Domestic traffic which moves over the ocean, or the Gulf of Mexico, e.g., between New Orleans and Baltimore, New York and Puerto Rico, San Francisco and Hawaii, Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Traffic between Great Lakes ports and seacoast ports, when having a carriage over the ocean, is also deemed to be coastwise. The Chesapeake Bay and Puget Sound are considered internal bodies of water rather than arms of the ocean; traffic confined to these areas is deemed to be "internal" rather than coastwise.  (TNDOT1)

COB: Close of Business

COD: Carrier Onboard Delivery (Fix Wing on Carrier)  (MTMC1)

CODAS: Consolidated Operations and Delay Analysis System  (FAA17)

Code: See also Decoder, Discrete Code.

Code: The number assigned to a particular multiple pulse reply signal transmitted by a transponder.  (FAA4)

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR): A compilation of the general and permanent rules of the executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government as published in the Federal Register. The code is divided into 50 titles that represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation.  (DOE5)

Coded Track Circuit: A track circuit in which the energy is varied or interrupted periodically.  (49CFR236)

CODES: Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System  (BTS8)

COE: Cab - Over - Engine  (49CFR399)   (BTS2)   (TII2)   (TII1)

COE: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers  (MARAD4)

COFC: Container On Flat Car  (AAR1)   (ATA2)   (BTS8)   (MARAD1)

Cofferdam: An enclosure from which the water can be pumped to expose the bottom of a river for the purposes of construction.  (TNDOT1)

Coffin-Box: Sleeper compartment independent of truck cab.  (ATA1)

Cognizant Officer In Charge of Marine Inspection (OCMI): The Officer in Charge Marine Inspection in which the manufacturer responsible for defect notification (or other corrective action) is located. Commandant (G-MVI) directs specific actions for OCMIs to take in cases where a single cognizant OCMI cannot be identified.  (USCG1)

COGSA: Carriage of Goods By Sea Act  (MARAD2)

COHMED: Cooperative Hazardous Materials Enforcement Development Program  (RSPA1)

Coincidental Peak-Day Flow: The volume of gas that moves through a pipeline or section thereof or is delivered to a customer on the day of the year when the pipeline system handles the largest volume of gas.  (DOE1)

Collector Highway: Collector highways are those highways which link local highways to arterial highways.  (FHWA5)

Collectors: In rural areas, routes serving intra-county, rather than statewide travel. In urban areas, streets providing direct access to neighborhoods as well as direct access to arterials.  (NHTSA3)

Collision: See also Accident, Casualty, Crash, Derailment, Event, Fatality, Incident, Injury, Truck Crash.

Collision: An impact between on-track equipment consists while both are on rails and where one of the consists is operating under train movement rules or is subject to the protection afforded to trains. This includes instances where a portion of a consist occupying a siding is fouling the main line and is struck by an approaching train. It does not include impacts occurring while switching within yards, as in making up or breaking up trains, shifting or setting out cars, etc.  (FRA2)

Collision Accident: An accident involving a collision between a commercial motor vehicle and another object. Collision objects include trains, other motor vehicles pedestrians, bicyclists, animals and fixed objects.  (FHWA2)   (FHWA4)

Collision Between Aircraft: Is so classified only when both aircraft are occupied. This includes collisions wherein both aircraft are airborne (midair); both on the ground or where one is airborne and the other on the ground. A collision with a parked unoccupied aircraft is classified under the broad category of collision with objects.  (NTSB1)   (NTSB2)

Collision With Another Vessel: Any striking together of two or more vessels, regardless of operation at time of the accident, is a collision. (Also includes colliding with the tow of another vessel, regardless of the nature of the tow, i.e., surfboard, ski ropes, tow line, etc.)  (USCG2)

Collision With Fixed Object: The striking of any fixed object, above or below the surface of the water.  (USCG2)

Collision With Floating Object: Collision with any waterborne object above or below the surface that is free to move with the tide, current, or wind, except another vessel.  (USCG2)

Collision With Object: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes an obstacle other than a vehicle or person (e.g., building, utility pole). Reports are made if the accident results in a death, injury, or property damage over $1,000.  (FTA2)

Collision With Objects: Where an occupied aircraft collides with a parked unoccupied aircraft or some other object.  (NTSB1)   (NTSB2)

Collision With Other Vehicles: An incident involving one or more transit agency vehicles and any other vehicle. Report collisions between rail cars from coupling operations. Report fatalities or injuries that occur inside the transit vehicle as well as fatalities or injuries that occur inside other involved vehicles.  (FTA1)

Collision With People: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes a person. Except where specifically indicated, collisions with people do not include suicide attempts. Reports are made if the incident results in death, injury, or property damage over $1,000.  (FTA2)

Collision With Vehicle: An incident in which a transit vehicle strikes or is struck by another vehicle. Reports are made if the accident results in death, injury, or property damage over $1,000.  (FTA2)

Combination Export Manager: A firm which acts as an export sales agent for two or more U.S. manufacturers, all of which are noncompetitive with the others.  (TNDOT1)

Combination Packaging: A combination of packaging, for transport purposes, consisting of one or more inner packagings secured in a non-bulk outer packaging. It does not include a composite packaging.  (49CFR171)

Combination Passenger and Cargo Ships: Ships with a capacity for 13 or more passengers.  (MARAD2)

Combination Trailer: A trailer used to handle freight in the transportation of goods for others; excludes house trailers, light farm trailers and car trailers.  (ATA2)

Combination Truck: Consists of a power unit (a truck tractor) and one or more trailing units (a semi-trailer or trailer). The most frequently used combination is popularly referred to as a "tractor-semitrailer" or "tractor trailer".  (ATA2)   (DOE6)

Combination Truck: A tractor not pulling a trailer; a tractor pulling at least one full or semi-trailer or a single-unit truck pulling at least one trailer.  (NHTSA3)   (NHTSA4)

Combined Center: An air traffic facility which combines the functions of an air route traffic control center and a radar approach control facility.  (FAA4)

Combined Household Energy Expenditures: 1) The total amount of funds spent for energy consumed in, or delivered to, a housing unit during a given period of time and for fuel used to operate the motor vehicles that are owned or used on a regular basis by the household. 2) The total dollar amount for energy consumed in a housing unit includes state and local taxes but excludes merchandise repairs or special service charges. Electricity, and natural gas expenditures are for the amount of those energy sources consumed. Fuel oil, kerosene, and LPG expenditures are for the amount of fuel purchased, which may differ from the amount of fuel consumed; 3) The total dollar amount of fuel spent for vehicles is the product of fuel consumption and price.  (DOE4)

Come Aboard: A greeting when guests come on the boat.  (TNDOT1)

COMET: Commercial Experiment Transporter  (BTS)

Commerce: Any trade, traffic or transportation within the jurisdiction of the United States between a place in a State and a place outside of such State, including a place outside of the United States and trade, traffic, and transportation in the United States which affects any trade, traffic, and transportation described in the first part of this definition.  (49CFR383)

Commercial Air Carrier: An air carrier certificated in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 121 or 127 to conduct scheduled services on specified routes. These air carriers may also provide non-scheduled or charter services as a secondary operation. Four carrier groupings have been designated for statistical and financial data aggregation and analysis. Majors (annual operating revenues greater than $1 billion), Nationals (annual operating revenues between $100 million and $1 billion), Large Regionals (annual operating revenues between $10 million and $99,999,999), Medium Regionals (annual operating revenues less than $10 million).  (FAA1)   (FAA14)

Commercial Airport: (See also Commercial Service Airport) A public airport which is determined to enplane annually 2,500 or more passengers and receive scheduled passenger service of aircraft.  (FAA2)

Commercial Body: A body type not normally furnished by the original equipment manufacturer as a standard option but available from other manufacturers; (e.g., dump, compactor tank, and utility).  (GSA2)

Commercial Driver's License (CDL): A license issued by a State or other jurisdiction, in accordance with the standards contained in 49 CFR 383, to an individual which authorizes the individual to operate a class of a commercial motor vehicle.  (49CFR383)

Commercial Driver's License Information System (CDLIS): Established by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) pursuant to section 12007 of the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986.  (49CFR383)

Commercial Invoice: A document of the transaction between a buyer and a seller.  (TNDOT1)

Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV): A motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles used in commerce to transport passengers or property if the motor vehicle: 1) Has a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds inclusive of a towed unit with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds; or 2) Has a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds, or 3) Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or 4) Is of any size and is used in the transportation of materials found to be hazardous for the purposes of the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act and which require the motor vehicle to be placarded under the Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR 172, subpart F).  (49CFR383)

Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV): Any self-propelled or towed vehicle used on public highways in interstate commerce to transport passengers or property when: 1) The vehicle has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight rating of 10,001 or more pounds; or 2) The vehicle is designed to transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver; or 3) The vehicle is used in the transportation of hazardous materials in a quantity requiring placarding under regulations issued by the Secretary of Transportation under the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. App. 1801-1813).  (49CFR350)   (49CFR390)

Commercial Motor Vehicle Traffic Violation: See Serious Traffic Violation.

Commercial Operator: A person who, for compensation or hire, engages in the carriage by aircraft in air commerce of persons or property, other than as an air carrier or foreign air carrier or under the authority of Part 375 of this title. Where it is doubtful that an operation is for "compensation or hire", the test applied is whether the carriage by air is merely incidental to the person's other business or is, in itself, a major enterprise for profit.  (14CFR1)   (FAA2)

Commercial Passengers: Number of revenue and non-revenue passengers arriving or departing via commercial aircraft and helicopters on a scheduled or non-scheduled flight.  (ACI1)

Commercial Pilot: A commercial pilot may act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft carrying passengers for compensation or hire and act as pilot-in-command in an aircraft that is being operated for compensation or hire.  (FAA2)

Commercial Rental Motor Vehicle: A motor vehicle obtained from a commercial source such as Military Traffic Management Command (MTMC) rental car agreements for a period of 60 days or less.  (GSA2)

Commercial Sector: As defined economically, consists of business establishments that are not engaged in transportation or in manufacturing or other types of industrial activity (agriculture, mining, or construction). Commercial establishments include hotels, motels, restaurants, wholesale businesses, retail stores, laundries, and other service enterprises; religious and nonprofit organizations; health, social, and educational institutions; and Federal, State, and local governments. Street lights, pumps, bridges, and public services are also included if the establishment operating them is considered commercial.  (DOE3)

Commercial Service Airport: (See also Commercial Airport) A public airport that is determined by the Secretary [of Transportation] to enplane annually 2,500 or more passengers and receive scheduled passenger service of aircraft. The commercial service airports are further categorized as Primary and Non-Primary.  (FAA11)

Commercial Service Non-Primary Airport: A commercial service airport which is determined by the Secretary [of Transportation] to enplane between 2,500 and 10,000 passengers annually.  (FAA11)

Commercial Service Primary Airport: A commercial service airport which is determined by the Secretary [of Transportation] to have more than 10,000 passengers enplaned annually. A primary airport can be further classified as a large, medium, small, or non-hub.  (FAA11)

Commissioned Agent: An agent who wholesales or retails a refined petroleum product under a commission arrangement. The agent does not take title to the product or establish the selling price, but receives a percentage of fixed fee for serving as an agent.  (DOE5)

Commodity: See also Cargo, Freight, Goods, Product.

Commodity: The classification of commodities is based on that prescribed by the Canadian Transport Commission and the Interstate Commerce Commission of the U.S.  (SLSDC1)

Commodity Classes: The primary commodities involved in waterways transportation: fuels, chemicals, grains and metals.  (TNDOT1)

Common Carrier: A for-hire carrier that holds itself out to serve the general public at reasonable rates and without discrimination. The carrier must secure (from ICC and FMC) a certificate of public convenience and necessity to operate.  (MARAD1)

Common Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Room: A highly automated terminal radar control facility. It provides terminal radar service in an area encompassing more than one major airport that accommodates instrument flight rule (IFR) operations.  (FAA14)

Common Point: A significant point over which two or more aircraft will report passing or have reported passing before proceeding on the same or diverging tracks. To establish/maintain longitudinal separation, a controller may determine a common point not originally in the aircraft's flight plan and then clear the aircraft to fly over the point.  (FAA4)

Common Return Circuit: A term applied where one wire is used for the return of more than one electric circuit.  (49CFR236)

Common Route: That segment of a North American Route between the inland navigation facility and the coastal fix.  (FAA4)

Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF): A frequency designed for the purpose of carrying out airport advisory practices while operating to or from an airport without an operating control tower. The CTAF may be a UNICOM, Multicom, F99, or I tower frequency and is identified in appropriate aeronautical publications.  (FAA4)

Community: A city, group of cities, or a Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area receiving scheduled air service by a certificated route air carrier.  (FAA15)

Commutation Ticket: In rail systems, a ticket sold at a reduced rate for a fixed or unlimited number of trips in a designated area during a specified time period.  (TRB1)

Commute: Regular travel between home and a fixed location (e.g., work, school).  (TRB1)

Commuter: A person who travels regularly between home and work or school.  (APTA1)

Commuter Air Carrier: An air carrier certificated in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 135 that operates aircraft with a maximum of 60 seats, and that provides at least five scheduled round trips per week between two or more points, or that carries mail.  (FAA1)   (FAA14)

Commuter Air Carrier: An air carrier that operates aircraft with 30 seats or less and a maximum payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less and performs at least five round trips per week between two or more points and publishes a flight schedule.  (FAA11)

Commuter Air Carrier: An air taxi that performs at least five scheduled round trips per week between two or more points or carrier mail.  (FAA2)   (FAA9)

Commuter Air Carrier: An air taxi operator which performs at least five round trips per week between two or more points and publishes flight schedules which specify the times, days of the weeks and plans between which such flights are performed.  (FAA6)

Commuter Authority: Any state, local, regional authority, corporation, or other entity established for purposes of providing commuter rail transportation (including, but not necessarily limited to, the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the Connecticut Department of Transportation, the Maryland Department of Transportation, the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, the New Jersey Transit Corporation, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, and any successor agencies) and any entity created by one or more such agencies for the purposes of operating, or contracting for the operation of, commuter rail transportation  (49CFR37)

Commuter Bus Service: Fixed route bus service, characterized by service predominantly in one direction during peak periods, limited stops, use of multi-ride tickets, and routes of extended length, usually between the central business district and outlying suburbs. Commuter bus service may also include other service, characterized by a limited route structure, limited stops, and a coordinated relationship to another mode of transportation.  (49CFR37)

Commuter Lane: Another name for "High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane."  (APTA1)

Commuter Rail: Long-haul passenger service operating between metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across the geographical boundaries of a state, usually characterized by reduced fares for multiple rides, and commutation tickets for regular, recurring riders.  (FTA1)

Commuter Rail: Urban passenger train service for short distance travel between a central city and adjacent suburbs. Does not include heavy rail or light rail service.  (FTA2)

Commuter Rail: Railroad local and regional passenger train operations between a central city, its suburbs, and/or another central city. It may be either locomotive-hauled or self-propelled, and is characterized by multi-trip tickets, specific station-to-station fares, railroad employment practices, and usually only one or two stations in the central business district. Also known as "suburban rail."  (APTA1)

Commuter Rail Car: A rail passenger car obtained by a commuter authority for use in commuter rail transportation.  (49CFR37)

Commuter Rail Locomotives: Commuter rail vehicles used to pull or push commuter rail passenger coaches. Locomotives do not carry passengers themselves.  (FTA1)

Commuter Rail Passenger Coaches: Commuter rail passenger vehicles not independently propelled and requiring one or more locomotives for propulsion.  (FTA1)

Commuter Rail Self Propelled Passenger Cars: Commuter rail passenger vehicles not requiring a separate locomotive for propulsion.  (FTA1)

Commuter Rail Transportation: Short-haul rail passenger service operating in metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across the geographical boundaries of a state, usually characterized by reduced fare, multiple ride, and commutation tickets and by morning and evening peak period operations. This term does not include light or rapid rail transportation.  (49CFR37)

Commuter Railroad: Those portions of mainline railroad (not electric railway) transportation operations which encompass urban passenger train service for local travel between a central city and adjacent suburbs. Commuter railroad service using both locomotive hauled and self-propelled railroad passenger cars is characterized by multi-trip tickets, specific station-to-station fares, and usually only one or two stations in the central business district. Also known as suburban railroad.  (DOE6)

Commuter Train: A short haul passenger train operating on track which is part of the general railroad system of transportation, within an urban, suburban or metropolitan area. It includes a passenger train provided by an instrumentality of a State or political subdivision thereof.  (49CFR221)

Commuter Trains: Includes commuter trains and passenger trains other than elevated trains and subways. Includes local and commuter train service. Does not include intercity service by Amtrak.  (FHWA3)

Company Automotive Outlet: Any retail outlet selling motor fuel under a reporting company brand name. 1) Company operated. A company retail outlet which is operated by salaried or commissioned personnel paid by the reporting company. 2) Lessee. An independent marketer who leases the station and land and has use of tanks, signs, etc. A lessee dealer typically has a supply agreement with a refiner or a distributor and purchases products at dealer tank wagon prices. The term "lessee dealer" is limited to those dealers who are supplied directly by a refiner or any affiliate or subsidiary company of a refiner. "Direct supply" includes use of commission agent common carrier delivery. 3) Open. An independent marketer who owns or leases (from a third party who is not a refiner) the station or land of a retail outlet and has use of tanks, pumps, signs, etc. An open dealer typically has a supply agreement with a refiner or a distributor and purchases products at or below dealer tank wagon prices.  (DOE5)

Company Outlet: Any retail outlet (e.g., service station) selling gasoline or diesel fuel that has the ability to set the retail product price and directly collect all or part of the retail margin. This category includes retail outlets: 1) being operated by salaried employees of the company and/or its subsidiaries and affiliates, and/or 2) involving personnel services contracted by the company.  (DOE5)

Compass Calibration Pad: An airport facility used for calibrating an aircraft compass.  (FAA12)

Compass Locator: (See also Middle Marker, Outer Marker) A low power, low or medium frequency (L/MF) radio beacon installed at the site of the outer or middle marker of an instrument landing system (ILS). It can be used for navigation at distances of approximately 16 miles or as authorized in the approach procedure.  (FAA4)

Compass Rose: A circle, graduated in degrees, printed on some charts or marked on the ground at an airport. It is used as a reference to either true or magnetic direction.  (FAA4)

Compatibility Group Letter: A designated alphabetical letter used to categorize different types of explosive substances and articles for purposes of stowage and segregation.  (49CFR171)

Compatible or Compatibility: In relation to State laws and regulations pertaining to commercial motor vehicle safety, having the same effect as the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSR) or Federal Hazardous Materials Regulations (FHMR) in that those State rules are either identical or fall within the tolerance guidelines in appendix C, 49CFR350.  (49CFR350)

Competent Authority: A national agency responsible under its national law for the control or regulation of a particular aspect of the transportation of hazardous materials (dangerous goods). The term Appropriate Authority, as used in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions, has the same meaning as Competent Authority. For purposes of this subchapter, the Associate Administrator [of the Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA)] for Hazardous Materials Safety is the Competent Authority for the United States.  (49CFR171)

Completion: The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or gas. If a well is equipped to produce only oil or gas from one zone or reservoir, the definition of a well (classified as an oil well or gas well) and the definition of a completion are identical. However, if a well is equipped to produce oil and/or gas separately from more than one reservoir, a well is not synonymous with a completion.  (DOE3)

Component: Any part, or system of parts functioning as a unit, including, but not limited to, piping, processing equipment, containers, control devices, impounding systems, lighting, security devices, fire control equipment, and communication equipment, whose integrity or reliability is necessary to maintain safety in controlling, processing, or containing a hazardous fluid.  (49CFR193)

Component: Any part of a pipeline which may be subjected to pump pressure including, but not limited to, pipe, valves, elbows, tees, flanges, and closures.  (49CFR195)

Composite Flight Plan: A flight plan which specifies Visual Flight Rules (VFR) operation for one portion of flight and Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) for another portion. It is used primarily in military operations.  (FAA4)

Composite Packaging: A packaging consisting of an outer packaging and an inner receptacle, so constructed that the inner receptacle and the outer packaging form an integral packaging. Once assembled it remains thereafter an integrated single unit; it is filled, stored, shipped and emptied as such.  (49CFR171)

Composite Route System: An organized oceanic route structure, incorporating reduced lateral spacing between routes, in which composite separation is authorized.  (FAA4)

Composite Separation: A method of separating aircraft in a composite route system where, by management of route and altitude assignments, a combination of half the lateral minimum specified for the area concerned and half the vertical minimum is applied.  (FAA4)

Comprehensive Transportation: See Intermodalism Definition No. 3.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG): Natural gas which is comprised primarily of methane, compressed to a pressure at or above 2,400 pounds per square inch and stored in special high-pressure containers. It is used as a fuel for natural gas powered vehicles.  (DOE5)

Compression Ratio: The volume of the combustion chamber and cylinder when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke, divided by the volume of the combustion chamber when the piston is at the top of its stroke.  (TII1)   (TII2)

Compulsory Reporting Points: Reporting points which must be reported to Air Traffic Control (ATC). They are designated on aeronautical charts by solid triangles or filed in a flight plan as fixes selected to define direct routes. These points are geographical locations which are defined by navigation aids/fixes. Pilots should discontinue position reporting over compulsory reporting points when informed by (ATC) that their aircraft is in "radar contact".  (FAA4)

Conference: An association of ship owners operating in the same trade route who operate under collective conditions and agree on tariff rates.  (MARAD2)

Conflict Alert: (See also Mode C Intruder Alert) A function of certain air traffic control automated systems designed to alert radar controllers to existing or pending situations between tracked targets that require immediate attention/action.  (FAA4)

Conflict Resolution: The resolution of potential conflictions between aircraft that are radar identified and in communication with Air Traffic Control (ATC) by ensuring that radar targets do not touch. Pertinent traffic advisories shall be issued when this procedure is applied. Note: This procedure shall not be provided utilizing mosaic radar systems.  (FAA4)

Conflicting Movement: Movements over conflicting routes.  (49CFR236)

Conflicting Routes: Two or more routes, opposing, converging or intersecting, over which movements cannot be made simultaneously without possibility of collision.  (49CFR236)

CONRAIL: Consolidated Rail Corporation  (OFR1)

Consignee: A person or company to whom commodities are shipped. Officially, the legal owner of the cargo.  (MARAD2)

Consignee Mark: A symbol placed on packages for export identification purposes; generally consisting of a triangle, square, circle, diamond, or cross, with letters and/or numbers as well as port of discharge.  (TNDOT1)

Consignment: The physical transfer of goods from a seller (the consignor), who retains title, to the consignee, who acts as selling agent by selling the goods for commission, remitting the net proceeds to the consignor.  (TNDOT1)

Consignor: A person or company shown on the bill of lading as the shipper.  (MARAD2)

Consist: On-track railroad equipment such as a train, locomotive, group of railcars, or a single railcar not coupled to another car or to a locomotive.  (FRA3)

Consist Responsibility: The railroad employing the crew members operating the consist at time of the accident determines the consist owner for reporting purposes only.  (FRA2)

Consolan: A low frequency, long-distance NAVAID used principally for transoceanic navigation.  (FAA4)

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA): A metropolitan complex of 1 million or more population, containing two or more component parts designated as primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs).  (FHWA3)

Consolidated Vehicle: A vehicle transferred, with or without reimbursement, to General Services Administration (GSA) by another government agency for participating in the Introductory Fleet Management System (IFMS).  (GSA2)

Constant Dollars: A dollar value adjusted for charges in the average price level. A constant dollar is derived by dividing a current dollar amount by a price index. The resulting constant dollar value is that which would exist if prices had remained at the same average level as in the base period.  (BTS3)

Constant Dollars: A series of figures is expressed in constant dollars when the effect of change in the purchasing power of the dollar has been removed. Usually the data are expressed in terms of dollars of a selected year or the average of a set of years.  (DOE6)

Construction Pipeline: The various stages involved in the acquisition of a nuclear reactor by a utility. The events that define these stages are the ordering of a reactor, the licensing process, and the physical construction of the nuclear generating unit. A reactor is said to be "in the pipeline" when the reactor is ordered and "out of the pipeline" when it completes low-power testing and begins operation toward full power.  (DOE5)

Construction/Maintenance Zone: An area, usually marked by signs, barricades, or other devices indicating that highway construction or highway maintenance activities are ongoing.  (NHTSA3)

Consular Invoice: An invoice covering a shipment of export goods certified by a consular official of the country of destination. The invoice shows the value of the shipment in the currency of the country of export. It is used by customs officials of the country of entry to verify the value, quantity, and nature of the shipment.  (TNDOT1)

Consumer Commodity: A material that is packaged and distributed in a form intended or suitable for sale through retail sales agencies or instrumentalities for consumption by individuals for purposes of personal care or household use. This term also includes drugs and medicines.  (49CFR171)

Consumer Complaint: Oral or written communication from a consumer indicating a possible problem with a product.  (USCG1)

Consumer Price Index (CPI): An index issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI is designed to measure changes in the prices of goods and services bought by wage earners and clerical workers in urban areas. It represents the cost of a typical consumption bundle at current prices as a ratio to its cost at a base year.  (DOE6)

Consumer Product Safety Act: Establishes the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Definition of consumer product does not include boats which are covered under the statutes.  (USCG1)

Consumption Unit Value: Total price per specified unit, including all taxes, at the point of consumption.  (DOE5)

Contact: 1) Establish communication with (followed by the name of the facility and, if appropriate, the frequency to be used). 2) A flight condition wherein the pilot ascertains the attitude of his aircraft and navigates by visual reference to the surface.  (FAA4)

Contact Approach: An approach wherein an aircraft on an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan, having an air traffic control authorization, operating clear of clouds with at least 1 mile flight visibility and a reasonable expectation of continuing to the destination airport in those conditions, may deviate from the instrument approach procedure and proceed to the destination airport by visual reference to the surface. This approach will only be authorized when requested by the pilot and the reported ground visibility at the destination airport is at least 1 statute mile.  (FAA4)

Container: A component other than piping that contains a hazardous fluid.  (49CFR193)

Container: A large standard size metal box into which cargo is packed for shipment aboard specially configured oceangoing containerships and designed to be moved with common handling equipment enabling high-speed intermodal transfers in economically large units between ships, railcars, truck chassis, and barges using a minimum of labor. The container, therefore, serves as the transfer unit rather than the cargo contained therein.  (MARAD1)

Container Cargo: The tonnes of containerized cargo assessed at the Container rate of tools as defined in the St. Lawrence Seaway Tariff of Tolls.  (SLSDC1)

Container Chassis: A semitrailer of skeleton construction limited to a bottom frame, one or more axles, specially built and fitted with locking devices for the transport of cargo containers, so that when the chassis and container are assembled, the units serve the same function as an over the road trailer.  (49CFR393)

Container Load: A load sufficient in size to fill a container either by cubic measurement or by weight.  (MARAD2)

Container On Flatcar (COFC): This is accomplished with containers resting on railway flatcars.  (MARAD1)

Container Terminal: An area designated for the stowage of cargoes in container; usually accessible by truck, railroad and marine transportation. Here containers are picked up, dropped off, maintained and housed.  (MARAD2)

Containerization: Stowage of general or special cargoes in a container for transport in the various modes.  (MARAD2)

Containerized Cargo: Cargo shipped or stored in containers.  (TNDOT1)

Containerized Cargo: Cargo which is practical to transport in a container, and results in a more economical shipment than could be effected by shipping the cargo in some other form of unitization (e.g., breakbulk).  (MARAD1)

Containership: A cargo vessel designed and constructed to transport, within specifically designed cells, portable tanks and freight containers which are lifted on and off with their contents intact.  (49CFR171)

Containership: There are two types of containerships full and partial. Full containerships are equipped with permanent container cells with little or no space for other types of cargo. Partial containerships are considered multi-purpose container vessels, where one or more but not all compartments are fitted with permanent container cells, and the remaining compartments are used for other types of cargo. This category also includes container/car carriers, container/rail car carriers, and container/roll-on/roll-off vessels.  (MARAD1)

Conterminous U.S.: The 48 adjoining States and the District of Columbia.  (FAA4)

Continent: One of the large, unbroken masses of land into which the Earth's surface is divided.  (DOI4)

Continuous Discharge Capacity: Measured as percent of rated energy capacity. Energy delivered in a constant power discharge required by an electric vehicle for hill climbing and/or high-speed cruise, specified as the percent of its rated energy capacity delivered in a one hour constant-power discharge.  (DOE6)

Contract Carrier: For Hire interstate operators [which] offer transportation services to certain shippers under contracts.  (BOC4)

Contract Demand: The level of service in terms of the maximum daily and/or annual volumes of natural gas sold and/or moved by the pipeline company to the customer holding the contract. Failure of a pipeline company to provide service at the level of the contract demand specified in the contract can result in a liability for the pipeline company.  (DOE1)

Contracted Gas: Any gas for which Interstate Pipeline has a contract to purchase from any domestic or foreign source that cannot be identified to a specific field or group. This includes tailgate plant purchases, single meter point purchases, pipeline purchases, natural gas imports, SNG purchases, and LNG purchases.  (DOE5)

Contractor Employee: A person employed by a contractor hired by a railroad to perform normal maintenance work to railroad rolling stock, track structure, bridges, buildings, etc.  (FRA2)   (FRA3)

Contraflow Lane: Reserved lane for buses on which the direction of bus traffic is opposite to the flow of traffic on the other lanes.  (APTA1)

Control Area: (As it pertains to the Interstate Highway System) A metropolitan area, city or industrial center, a topographic feature such as a major mountain pass, a favorable location for a major river crossing, a road hub which would result in material traffic increments on the Interstate route, a place on the boundary between two States agreed to by the States concerned, or other similar point of significance.  (23CFR470)

Control Area: A controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit above the earth.  (FAA4)

Control Cab Locomotive: A locomotive without propelling motors but with one or more control stands.  (49CFR229)

Control Circuit: An electrical circuit between a source of electric energy and a device which it operates.  (49CFR236)

Control Machine: An assemblage of manually operated devices for controlling the functions of a traffic control system; it may include a track diagram with indication lights.  (49CFR236)

Control Operator: An employee assigned to operate the control machine of a traffic control system.  (49CFR236)

Control Sector: An airspace area of defined horizontal and vertical dimensions for which a controller or group of controllers has air traffic control responsibility, normally within an air route traffic control center or an approach control facility. Sectors are established based on predominant traffic flows, altitude strata, and controller workload. Pilot-communications during operations within a sector are normally maintained on discrete frequencies assigned to the sector.  (FAA4)

Control Slash: A radar beacon slash representing the actual position of the associated aircraft. Normally, the control slash is the one closest to the interrogating radar beacon site. When Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) radar is operating in narrow band (digitized) mode, the control slash is converted to a target symbol.  (FAA4)

Control Station: The place where the control machine of a traffic control system is located.  (49CFR236)

Control System: A component, or system of components functioning as a unit, including control valves and sensing, warning, relief, shutdown, and other control devices, which is activated either manually or automatically to establish or maintain the performance of another component.  (49CFR193)

Controllable Emergency: An emergency where reasonable and prudent action can prevent harm to people or property.  (49CFR193)

Controlled Access Rights-of-Way: (See also Right of Way) Lanes restricted for at least a portion of the day for use by transit vehicles and other high occupancy vehicles (HOV's). Use of controlled access lanes may also be permitted for vehicles preparing to turn. The restriction must be sufficiently enforced so that 95 percent of the vehicles using the lanes during the restricted period are authorized to use them.  (FTA1)

Controlled Airspace: An airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flights and to Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flights in classification.  (14CFR1)

Controlled Departure Time Programs (CDT Programs): These programs are the flow control process whereby aircraft are held on the ground at the departure airport when delays are projected to occur in either the en route system or the terminal of intended landing. The purpose of these programs is to reduce congestion in the air traffic system or to limit the duration of airborne holding in the arrival center or terminal area. A CDT is a specific departure slot shown on the flight plan as an expected departure clearance time (EDCT).  (FAA4)

Controlled Point: A location where signals and/or other functions of a traffic control system are controlled from the control machine.  (49CFR236)

Controlled Time of Arrival: The original estimated time of arrival adjusted by the ATCSCC ground delay factor.  (FAA4)

Controller: (See also Air Traffic Control Specialist, Final Controller) A person authorized to provide air traffic control services.  (FAA4)

Controlling Depth: The least available water in a navigable channel which limits the amount of cargo which may be carried by the vessel.  (TNDOT1)

Controlling Locomotive: A locomotive arranged as having the only controls over all electrical, mechanical and pneumatic functions for one or more locomotives, including controls transmitted by radio signals if so equipped. It does not include two or more locomotives coupled in multiple which can be moved from more than one set of locomotive controls.  (49CFR218)

CONUS: Continental/Contiguous/Conterminous United States  (FAA17)   (FAA19)

Conventional Cab: A cab design in which the engine is located ahead, or mostly ahead, of the cowl.  (TII1)   (TII2)

Conversion Factor: (See also British Thermal Unit) A number that translates units of one system into corresponding values of another system. Conversion factors can be used to translate physical units of measure for various fuels into British Thermal Unit (BTU) equivalents.  (DOE3)   (DOE4)

Converter Dolly: A motor vehicle consisting of a chassis equipped with one or more axles, a fifth wheel and/or equivalent mechanism, and drawbar, the attachment of which converts a semitrailer to a full trailer.  (49CFR393)

Convertible: A truck or trailer that can be used either as a flatbed or open-top by removing side panels.  (ATA1)

Coordinates: The intersection of lines of reference, usually expressed in degrees/minutes/seconds of latitude and longitude, used to determine position or location.  (FAA4)

Coordination Fix: The fix in relation to which facilities will handoff, transfer control of an aircraft, or coordinate flight progress data. For terminal facilities, it may also serve as a clearance for arriving aircraft.  (FAA4)

Copter: See Helicopter.

Cordelle: A hawser; a towline such as those used to pull keelboats in the French-speaking parts of North America.  (TNDOT1)

CORN: Computer Resources Nucleus  (FAA19)

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards: CAFE standards were originally established by Congress for new automobiles, and later for light trucks, in Title V of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act (15 U.S.C. 1901, et seq.) with subsequent amendments. Under CAFE, automobile manufacturers are required by law to produce vehicle fleets with a composite sales-weighted fuel economy which cannot be lower than the CAFE standards in a given year, or for every vehicle which does not meet the standard, a fine of $5.00 is paid for every one-tenth of a mpg below the standard.  (DOE6)

Corporate/Executive Flying: The use of aircraft owned or leased, and operated by a corporate or business firm for the transportation of personnel or cargo in furtherance of the corporation's or firm's business, and which are flown by compensation for piloting.  (NTSB2)

Correction: An error has been made in the transmission and the correct version follows.  (FAA4)

Corridor: A broad geographical band that follows a general directional flow connecting major sources of trips that may contain a number of streets, highways and transit route alignments.  (APTA1)

COS: City of Colorado Springs Municipal Airport  (FAA11)

Cost, Insurance, Freight (CIF): A type of sale in which the buyer of the product agrees to pay a unit price that includes the f.o.b. value of the product at the point of origin plus all costs of insurance and transportation. This type of transaction differs from a delivered purchase in that the buyer accepts the quantity as determined at the loading port (as certified by the Bill of Lading and Quality Report) rather than pay on the basis of the quantity and quality ascertained at the unloading port. It is similar to the terms of an f.o.b. sale, except that the seller, as a service for which he is compensated, arranges for transportation and insurance.  (DOE3)

COTP: Captain of the Port  (49CFR171)   (USCG5)

COTS: Commercial-Off-The-Shelf  (FAA19)

Coupled Approach: (See also Autoland Approach) A coupled approach is an instrument approach performed by the aircraft autopilot which is receiving position information and/or steering commands from onboard navigation equipment. In general, coupled nonprecision approaches must be discontinued and flown manually at altitudes lower than 50 feet below the minimum descent altitude, and coupled precision approaches must be flown manually below 50 feet ALG. Note: Coupled and autoland approaches are flown in Visual Flight Rules (VFR) and Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). It is common for carriers to require their crews to fly coupled approaches and autoland approaches (if certified) when the weather conditions are less than approximately 4,000 Runway Visual Range (RVR).  (FAA4)

Courier Services (Except By Air): Establishments primarily engaged in the delivery of individually addressed letters, parcels and packages (generally under 100 pounds), except by means of air transportation or by the U.S. Postal Service.  (BOC1)

Course: (See also Bearing; Flight Path) 1) The intended direction of flight in the horizontal plane measured in degrees from north. 2) The Instrument Landing System (ILS) localizer signal pattern usually specified as the front course or the back course. 3) The intended track along a straight, curved, or segmented Microwave Landing System (MLS) path.  (FAA4)

COV: Counter Obstacle Vehicle  (MTMC1)

Coverage Ratios: The ratio used to measure the degree to which expenditures are funded or "covered" by the various types of revenues. This ratio indicates the percent of expenditures that is funded by identifiable transportation-related tax receipts, fees, etc.  (BTS3)

Cowboy: Reckless driver.  (ATA1)

Cowl: The front part of a cab or body directly below the base of the windshield, between fire wall and instrument panel, and usually including the hood.  (TII1)   (TII2)

CPI: Consumer Price Index  (BTS8)

CPL: Current Flight Plan  (FAA4)

CPMIS: Consolidated Personnel Management Information System  (OST2)

CPY: Cargo Preference Year  (MARAD4)

CRA: Conflict Resolution Advisory  (FAA19)

Crack: A fracture without complete separation into parts, except that castings with shrinkage cracks or hot tears that do not significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to be cracked.  (49CFR229)

CRAF: Civil Reserve Aircraft Fleet  (OST3)

Crane: A mechanical handling device used for lifting and moving heavy items.  (MARAD1)

Crash: See also Accident, Casualty, Collision, Derailment, Fatality, Event, Hit and Run, Incident, Injury, Vehicle Maneuver, Vehicle Role.

Crash: An event that produces injury and/or damage, involves a motor vehicle in transport, and occurs on a trafficway or while the vehicle is still in motion after running off the trafficway.  (NHTSA2)   (NHTSA3)

Crash Severity: The most severe injury sustained in the crash as recorded on the police accident report: Property Damage Only (no injuries), Minor or Moderate (Evident, but not incapacitating; complaint of injury; or injured, severity unknown), Severe or Fatal (killed or incapacitating).  (NHTSA1)

Crash Type: Single vehicle or multiple vehicle crash.  (NHTSA3)

CRDA: Converging Runway Display Aid  (FAA17)   (FAA7)   (FAA19)

Creeper Gear: Lowest gear or combination of gears used for extra power. Also known as Grandma.  (ATA1)

Crest of Flood: Rise in river has reached its peak.  (TNDOT1)

Crevasse: A deep fissure in snow or ice.  (DOI4)

Crevasse Field: An area of deep fissures in the surface of an ice mass caused by breaking or parting.  (DOI3)

Crewmember: A person assigned to perform duty in an aircraft during flight time.  (14CFR1)   (49CFR171)

Crib: A crate like construction of logs or beams, usually filled with stones, placed in water as a free standing mooring device or as the foundation of a pier or wharf.  (DOI4)

Crib Area: Containing one or more cribs, (frames of logs or beams filled with heavy material that are sunk and used as foundations or retaining walls for docks, piers or similar structures, or as supports for pipelines).  (DOI3)

Critical Altitude: The maximum altitude at which, in standard atmosphere, it is possible to maintain, a specified power or a specified manifold pressure at a specified rotational speed. Unless otherwise stated, the critical altitude is the maximum altitude at which it is possible to maintain, at the maximum continuous rotational speed, one of the following: 1) The maximum continuous power, in the case of engines for which this power rating is the same at sea level and at the rated altitude; 2) The maximum continuous rated manifold pressure, in the case of engines, the maximum continuous power of which is governed by a constant manifold pressure.  (14CFR1)

Critical Engine: The engine whose failure would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft.  (14CFR1)   (FAA4)

CRLIND: Civil Rail Lines Important To National Defense  (BTS8)

CRM: Crew Resource Management  (FAA7)

Cross (Fix) At (Altitude): Used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) when a specific altitude restriction at a specified fix is required.  (FAA4)

Cross (Fix) At or Above (Altitude): Used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) when an altitude restriction at a specified fix is required. It does not prohibit the aircraft from crossing the fix at a higher altitude than specified; however, the higher altitude may not be one that will violate a succeeding altitude restriction or altitude assignment.  (FAA4)

Cross (Fix) At or Below (Altitude): Used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) when a maximum crossing altitude at a specific fix is required. It does not prohibit the aircraft from crossing the fix at a lower altitude; however, it must be at or above the minimum Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) altitude.  (FAA4)

Cross Protection: An arrangement to prevent the improper operation of a signal, switch, movable-point frog, or derail as the result of a cross in electrical circuits.  (49CFR236)

Cross-Servicing: Petroleum products, repairs, supplies, and services provided to General Services Administration (GSA) by other Federal agencies, or vice versa. Cross servicing may also refer to commercial firms where GSA or other Federal agencies have agreements with these firms to supply services repairs, or fuel.  (GSA2)

Crossboard: A simple type of daymark in the shape of a "X" formerly used extensively on the Missouri River only.  (TNDOT1)

Crosscurrent: Stream flow across navigable portion of river.  (TNDOT1)

Crossing: A place where a channel moves from along one bank of the river over to the other bank of the river.  (TNDOT1)

Crossing Daymark: A diamond-shaped daymark erected at the head and foot of crossings and used by pilots to steer on.  (TNDOT1)

Crossing Light: A light located at the head and foot of crossings used by pilots to steer on; may be equipped with an additional high intensity directional light.  (TNDOT1)

Crosstie: The transverse member of the track structure to which the rails are fastened. Its function is to provide proper gauge and to cushion, distribute, and transmit the stresses of traffic through the ballast to the roadbed.  (TRB1)

Crosstown: Non-radial bus or rail service which does not enter the Central Business District (CBD).  (APTA1)

Crosswind: 1) When used concerning the traffic pattern, the word means "crosswind leg." 2) When used concerning wind conditions, the word means a wind not parallel to the runway or the path of an aircraft.  (FAA4)

Crosswind Component: The wind component measured in knots at 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the runway.  (FAA4)

CRS: Computer Reservation System  (FAA17)

Crude Oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in the liquid phase in natural underground reservoirs and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through surface separating facilities.  (DOE6)

Crude Oil Imports: The volume of crude oil imported into the 50 States and the District of Columbia, including imports from U.S. territories, but excluding imports of crude oil into the Hawaiian Foreign Trade Zone.  (DOE6)

Crude Oil Petroleum: A naturally occurring, oily, flammable liquid composed principally of hydrocarbons. Crude oil is occasionally found in springs or pools but usually is drilled from wells beneath the earth's surface.  (DOE5)

Crude Oil Production: The volume of crude oil produced from oil reservoirs during given periods of time. The amount of such production for a given period is measured as volumes delivered from lease storage tanks (i.e., the point of custody transfer) to pipelines, trucks, or other media for transport to refineries or terminals with adjustments for 1) net differences between opening and closing lease inventories, and 2) basic sediment and water (BS&W).  (DOE5)

Cruise: (See also Instrument Approach Procedure) Used in an Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearance to authorize a pilot to conduct flight at any altitude from the minimum Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) altitude up to and including the altitude specified in the clearance. The pilot may level off at any intermediate altitude within this block of airspace. Climb/descent within the block is to be made at the discretion of the pilot. However, once the pilot starts descent and verbally reports leaving an altitude in the block, he may not return to that altitude without additional ATC clearance. Further, it is approval for the pilot to proceed to and make an approach at destination airport and can be used in conjunction with: 1) An airport clearance limit at locations with a standard special instrument approach procedure. The Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) require that if an instrument letdown to an airport is necessary, the pilot shall make the letdown in accordance with a standard/special instrument approach procedure for that airport, or 2) An airport clearance limit at locations that are within/below/outside controlled airspace and without a standard/special instrument approach procedure. Such a clearance is NOT AUTHORIZATION for the pilot to descend under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) conditions below the applicable minimum IFR altitude nor does it imply that ATC is exercising control over aircraft in Class G airspace; however, it provides a means for the aircraft to proceed to destination airport, descend, and land in accordance with applicable FAR's governing Visual Flight Rules (VFR) flight operations. Also, this provides search and rescue protection until such time as the IFR Right plan is closed.  (FAA4)

Cruise Climb: A climb technique employed by aircraft, usually at a constant power setting, resulting in an increase of altitude as the aircraft weight decreases.  (FAA4)

Cruising: Proceeding normally, unrestricted, with an absence of drastic rudder or engine changes.  (USCG2)

Cruising Altitude: An altitude or Right level maintained during en route level flight. This is a constant altitude and should not be confused with a cruise clearance.  (FAA4)

Cruising Level: A level maintained during a significant portion of a flight.  (FAA4)

CSD: Critical Sector Detector  (FAA17)

CSET: Coalition for Safe and Efficient Transportation  (MTMC1)

CTA: Chicago Transit Authority  (FTA4)

CTA: Controlled Time of Arrival  (FAA4)

CTAA: Community Transportation Association of America  (ENO1)

CTAF: Common Traffic Advisory Frequency  (FAA16)   (FAA4)

CTAS: Center Tracon Automation System  (FAA17)   (FAA7)   (FAA19)

CTC: Centralized Traffic Control  (TRB1)

CTC: Community Transportation Coordinator  (MOCD)

CTIP: Coordinated Federal Lands Highways Technical Information Program  (MTMC1)

CTIPS: Comprehensive Transportation Information & Planning System  (MTMC1)

CTMA: Center Traffic Management Advisor  (FAA17)

CTPP: Census Transportation Planning Package  (BTS8)

CTR: Civil Tilt Rotor  (FAA17)

CTR: Commuter Trip Reduction  (MOCD)

CTS: Commodity Transportation Survey  (FHWA12)

Cubic Foot: Conversion equivalents: 1,728 cubic inches, 60 pints, 8/10 bushel, 0.028 cubic meter, 28.32 liters.  (TNDOT1)

Cubic Inch Displacement (CID): A measure of the physical size of the engine.  (BOC3)

Cul-De-Sac: The round or circular section of the end of a dead-end street.  (DOI3)

Curb Weight: The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment, maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant: and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight of optional engine. Curb weight does not include the driver.  (49CFR393)   (49CFR571)

Current: See Drift.

Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents, as well as current receivables and short-term investments, deposits and inventories.  (BTS4)

Current Dollars: The dollar value of a good or service in terms of prices current at the time the good or service is sold. This contrasts with the value of the good or service measured in constant dollars.  (BTS3)

Current Dollars: Represents dollars current at the time designated or at the time of the transaction. In most contexts, the same meaning would be conveyed by the use of the term "dollars".  (DOE6)

Current Flight Plan: The flight plan, including changes, if any, brought about by subsequent clearances.  (FAA4)

Current Liabilities: Current portion of long-term debt and of capital leases, air travel liabilities and other short-term trade accounts payable.  (BTS4)

Current of Traffic: The movement of trains on a specified track in a designated direction.  (49CFR236)

Custom House: The government office where duties and/or tolls are placed on imports or exports and are paid on vehicles or vessels entered or cleared.  (TNDOT1)

Customs: Duties, tolls, or taxes imposed by a government on commodities imported into or exported from that country.  (TNDOT1)

Customs House Broker: (See also Broker; Freight Forwarder) A person licensed by the Treasury Department to transact business at a customhouse on behalf of other persons.  (TNDOT1)

Customs Tariff: A schedule of charges assessed by the federal government on imported and/or exported goods.  (TNDOT1)

Cut: An excavation of the Earth's surface to provide passage for a road, railway, canal, etc.  (DOI4)

Cut Her Loose: To untie all lines.  (TNDOT1)

Cut-In Circuit: A roadway circuit at the entrance to automatic train stop, train control or cab signal territory by means of which locomotive equipment of the continuous inductive type is actuated so as to be in operative condition.  (49CFR236)

Cut-Section: A location other than a signal location where two adjoining track circuits end within a block.  (49CFR236)

CUTA: Canadian Urban Transit Association  (APTAI)

Cutoff: A cut made by dredging that eliminates a bend in the river or curve. Usually refers to a new channel made by entering at the head of a bend, passing through the cut, and emerging at the end of the bend on the downstream side.  (TNDOT1)

CV: Combat Vehicle  (MTMC1)

CV: Conventional Vehicle  (VDOT)

CVFP: Charted Visual Flight Procedure Approach  (FAA4)

CVFR: Controlled Visual Flight Rules  (FAA8)

CVG: Cincinnati / Northern Kentucky International Airport  (FAA11)

CVO: Commercial Vehicle Operations  (FHWA14)

CVSA: Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance  (FHWA10)   (RSPA1)

CW: Continuous Wave  (FAA17)

CWA: Center Weather Advisory  (FAA4)

CWP: Central Weather Processor  (FAA19)

CWR: Continuous Welded Rail  (TRB1)

CWSU: Center Weather Service Unit  (FAA17)   (FAA19)

CWY: Clearway  (FAA12)

CY: Calendar Year  (FAA17)   (FAA19)

Cylinder: A pressure vessel designed for pressures higher than 40 psi and having a circular cross section. It does not include a portable tank, multi-unit car tank, cargo tank, or tank car.  (49CFR171)

Cylinder: (See also Engine Displacement, Engine Size) In a reciprocating engine, a cylinder is the chamber in which combustion of fuel occurs and the piston moves, ultimately delivering power to the wheels. Common engine configurations include 4, 6, and 8 cylinders. Generally, the more cylinders a vehicle has, the greater the amount of engine power it has. However, more cylinders often result in less fuel efficiency.  (DOE4)