Consumption and Expenditures
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Detailed
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- Table 1
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- Table 3
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- Table 4
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Residential Energy Usage by Origin of Householder
In 1997, there were 101.5 million
residential households in the United States, including 75.1 million
non-Hispanic white households, 12.6 million non-Hispanic black households,
9.4 million Hispanic households, and 4.3 million other(1)
households (Table 1: HTML PDF).
These figures come from the self-reported origin of the householder
question on the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential Energy Consumption
Survey.
Per household total energy consumption for all U.
S. households was 101.0 million Btu. By energy end use, space heating
accounted for 52.0 million Btu, electric air-conditioning for 5.7 million
Btu, water heating for 19.0 million Btu, refrigerators for 4.5 million
Btu, and other appliances and lighting for 22.4 million Btu (Figure 1,
first bar).
Per household energy consumption for
non-Hispanic white households was 104.8 million Btu. By energy end use,
space heating accounted for 55.1 million Btu, electric air-conditioning
for 5.7 million Btu, water heating for 18.2 million Btu, refrigerators
for 4.6 million Btu, and other appliances and lighting for 23.3 million
Btu (Figure 1, second bar).
Per household energy consumption for
non-Hispanic black households was 105.6 million Btu. By energy end use,
space heating accounted for 54.3 million Btu, electric air-conditioning
for 5.7 million Btu, water heating for 22.0 million Btu, refrigerators
for 4.4 million Btu, and other appliances and lighting for 21.7 million
Btu (Figure 1, third bar).
Per household energy consumption for
Hispanic households was 75.9 million Btu. By energy end use, space heating
accounted for 29.8 million Btu, electric air-conditioning for 7.2 million
Btu, water heating for 21.1 million Btu, refrigerators for 3.9 million
Btu, and other appliances and lighting for 18.9 million Btu (Figure
1, fourth bar).
Per household energy consumption for
other (including Native American, Alaskan Native, Asian, and Pacific
Islander) households was 74.6 million Btu. By energy end use, space
heating accounted for 35.1 million Btu, electric air-conditioning for
4.1 million Btu, water heating for 19.9 million Btu, refrigerators for
3.8 million Btu, and other appliances and lighting for 17.1 million
Btu (Figure 1, fifth bar).
Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential Energy Consumption
Survey.
Per household total energy expenditures
for all U. S. households was $1,338. By energy end use, space heating
accounted for $421, electric air-conditioning for $140, water heating
for $196, refrigerators for $120, and other appliances and lighting
for $509 (Figure 2, first bar).
Per household energy expenditures
for non-Hispanic white households was $1,385. By energy end use, space
heating accounted for $448, electric air-conditioning for $138, water
heating for $193, refrigerators for $120, and other appliances and lighting
for $527 (Figure 2, second bar).
Per household energy expenditures
for non-Hispanic black households was $1,355. By energy end use, space
heating accounted for $436, electric air-conditioning for $141, water
heating for $219, refrigerators for $122, and other appliances and lighting
for $486 (Figure 2, third bar).
Per household energy expenditures
for Hispanic households was $1,089. By energy end use, space heating
accounted for $246, electric air-conditioning for $183, water heating
for $197, refrigerators for $113, and other appliances and lighting
for $337 (Figure 2, fourth bar).
Per household energy expenditures
for other (including Native American, Alaskan Native, Asian, and Pacific
Islander) households was $1,019. By energy end use, space heating accounted
for $281, electric air-conditioning for $112, water heating for $184,
refrigerators for $116, and other appliances and lighting for $407 (Figure
2, fifth bar).
Energy Consumption and Expenditures
One of the most significant factors
influencing energy consumption is climate -- the length and intensity
of the heating and cooling seasons. The United States is divided into
five climate zones (See Figure 2) based on the average number of heating
degree-days (HDD) and cooling degree-days (CDD) over a 30-year period.
Climate zones do not necessarily follow State boundaries, because climate
is affected by elevation, proximity to coast lines, latitude, and other
physical features.
Nationally, most Americans live in
the moderate climate zones of the country. About 70 percent of the residential
households live in the climate zones with 7,000 HDD or fewer and under
2,000 CDD (Tables 2a-2c). The remaining 30 percent of the residential
households live in regions that are relatively hotter or colder. Approximately
12 percent of Non-Hispanic white Americans and 4 percent of Hispanic
Americans live in the coldest climate zone2,
they also consume an average of 124 and 110 million Btu per household
of energy, at a cost of $1,314 and $1,114 per household, respectively.
About 19 percent of Non-Hispanic white Americans and 35 percent of Hispanic
Americans live in the hottest climate zone3,
they also consume an average of 79.8 and 65.0 million Btu per household
of energy, at a cost of $1,383 and $1,148 per household, respectively
(See Tables 2a-2c below).
Table 2a. U.S. Household Distribution
by Climate Zone and Origin of the Householder, 1997
Climate Zone
|
Total |
Non-Hispanic |
Hispanic |
Other1 |
White |
Black |
|
(percent
of total households) |
Under 2,000 CDD and --
Over 7,000 HDD
|
9 |
12 |
Q |
4 |
3 |
5,500 to
7,000 HDD
|
28 |
31 |
20 |
17 |
18 |
4,000 to
5,400 HDD
|
22 |
23 |
26 |
15 |
22 |
Under 4,000
HDD
|
19 |
16 |
23 |
30 |
40 |
2,000 CDD or More --
Under 4,000 HDD
|
22 |
19 |
30 |
35 |
16 |
Total
|
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
- 1Includes Native American, Alaska Native,
Asian, and Pacific Islander
- Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard
Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households
were sampled.
- Note: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.
- Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential
Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 2b. Total Energy Consumption
by Climate Zone and Origin of the Householder, 1997
Climate Zone
|
Total |
Non-Hispanic |
Hispanic |
Other1 |
White |
Black |
|
(million
Btu per household) |
Under 2,000 CDD and --
Over 7,000 HDD
|
123.1 |
124.0 |
Q |
109.9 |
112.3 |
5,500 to
7,000 HDD
|
127.8 |
126.1 |
160.2 |
104.4 |
120.2 |
4,000 to
5,400 HDD
|
105.5 |
105.2 |
120.0 |
89.6 |
85.1 |
Under 4,000
HDD
|
74.3 |
79.6 |
74.2 |
61.8 |
57.7 |
2,000 CDD or More --
Under 4,000 HDD
|
76.6 |
79.8 |
81.0 |
65.0 |
43.2 |
Total
|
76.6 |
79.8 |
81.0 |
65.0 |
43.2 |
- 1Includes Native American, Alaska Native,
Asian, and Pacific Islander.
- Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard
Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households
were sampled.
- Note: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.
- Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential
Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 2c. Total Energy Expenditures
by Climate Zone and Origin of the Householder, 1997
Climate Zone
|
Total |
Non-Hispanic |
Hispanic |
Other1 |
White |
Black |
|
(dollars
per household) |
Under 2,000 CDD and --
Over 7,000 HDD
|
1,301 |
1,314 |
Q |
1,114 |
1,194 |
5,500 to
7,000 HDD
|
1,438 |
1,443 |
1,611 |
1,210 |
1,189 |
4,000 to
5,400 HDD
|
1,439 |
1,459 |
1,546 |
1,160 |
1,111 |
Under 4,000
HDD
|
1,133 |
1,222 |
1,120 |
917 |
900 |
2,000 CDD or More --
Under 4,000 HDD
|
1,305 |
1,383 |
1,212 |
1,148 |
961 |
- 1Includes Native American, Alaska Native,
Asian, and Pacific Islander
- Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard
Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households
were sampled.
- Note: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.
- Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential
Energy Consumption Survey.
Figure 3. U.S. Climate Zones Map
There were 13.3 million households
with annual incomes less than $10,000 and 27.9 million households with
incomes over $50,000. Families with incomes of $50,000 or more use 125.2
million Btu of energy versus 76.4 million Btu usages for those households
with incomes of $10,000 or less (Table 3: HTML PDF).
Households in the lowest income group
paid annually about one-third less for their energy compared to households
in the upper income groups. The lowest income group paid $997 for home
energy compared to $1,696 per household for households earning $50,000
or more (Table 4: HTML PDF).
There are some differences in the
total individual household energy burden within income levels by origin
of householder. However, the more significant differences are across
income levels. Households earning less than $10,000 annually spent 18.0
percent of their earning compared to households earning $50,000 or more
who spent only 2.3 percent of their annual earnings on energy (Table
5).
Table 5. Total
Individual Household Energy Burden1 by Income and Origin
of Householder
|
Origin
of Householder |
1997 Household Income
|
Non-Hispanic |
Hispanic |
Other2 |
Average
Over All
Origins |
White |
Black |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than $10,000 per year
|
16.9 |
21.9 |
16.7 |
13.6 |
18.0 |
$10,000 to $24,999 per year
|
7.1 |
7.9 |
6.1 |
6.0 |
7.1 |
$25,000 to $49,999 per year
|
3.9 |
4.1 |
3.1 |
2.9 |
3.8 |
$50,000 or More per year
|
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
Average Over All Income
|
5.6 |
9.7 |
6.8 |
5.3 |
6.2 |
- 1The total individual household energy burden
is the percent of annual household income spent on energy. The individual
household energy burden is calculated for each household and then averaged
within income/origin categories. This table shows the average individual
household energy burden for each category.
- 2Includes Native American, Alaska Native,
Asian, and Pacific Islander
- Note: The percent of income spent on energy. The burden
is calculated for each respondent. This table shows the average burden
for each category.
- Source: Energy Information Administration, 1997 Residential
Energy Consumption Survey.
End Notes:
1.
Includes, but not limted to, Native American, Alaskan Native, Asian, and
Pacific Islander.
2. Under 2,000 CDD and over 7,000 HDD.
3. 2,000 CDD or more and Under 4,000 HDD.
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- Stephanie.Battles@eia.doe.gov
- Stephanie J. Battles
- Author
- Phone: (202) 586-7237
- Fax: (202) 586-0018
-
Contact:
-
vicki.moorhead@eia.doe.gov
- Vicki Moorhead
- Phone: (202) 586-1133
- Fax: (202) 586-0018
- Eileen M. O'Brien
- RECS Survey Manager
- Phone: (202) 586-1122
- Fax: (202) 586-0018
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URL: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/origin/origin_householder.html
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