Sustainability of Digital Formats
 Planning for Library of Congress Collections

A

• AAF
• AAF_1_1, Advanced Authoring Format (AAF), Version 1.1
• AAC
• AAC_MP2, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-2
• AAC_ADIF, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-2, Audio Data Interchange Format
• AAC_MP4, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-4
• AAC_MP4_LC, AAC (MPEG-4) Low Complexity Object
• MP4_FF_2_AAC, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with Advanced Audio Coding
• QTA_AAC, QuickTime Audio, AAC Codec
• AC-3
• AC-3_A, AC-3 Compressed Audio (Dolby Digital), Revision A
• AES3
• AES3, AES3, Digital Audio Interface Format
• AES3_SMPTE, AES3 Digital Audio Interface, SMPTE Extensions
• AIFF
• AIFF, Audio Interchange File Format
• AIFF_LPCM, AIFF File Format with LPCM Audio
• A-Law
• A-Law, A-Law Compressed Sound Format
• AMR
• AMR, Adaptive Multi-Rate Speech Codec
• AMR-WB, Adaptive Multi-Rate - Wideband Speech Codec
• AMR-WB+, Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate - Wideband Speech Codec
• ARC_IA
• ARC_IA, Internet Archive ARC file format
• ASF
• ASF, Advanced Systems Format
• AudCom
• AudCom, Audible.Com File Format
• AudCom_MP3, Audible.Com MP3
• AVI
• AVI, Audio Video Interleaved
• AVI_MJPEG, AVI, MJPEG Codec
• AVI_Indeo, AVI, Indeo Codec
• AVI_Cinepak, AVI, Cinepak Codec
• AVI_DivX, AVI, DivX Codec

B

• BIIF
• BIIF, Basic Image Interchange Format

C

• CAM_RAW
• CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• CDF
• CDF, Common Data Format (datasets)
• Cinepak
• Cinepak, video codec
• CPC
• CPC, Cartesian Perceptual Compression Encoding (CPC)
• CR2
• CR2 included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• CRW
• CRW included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)

D

• DCI (Digital Cinema Initiative)
• DCDM_1_0, Digital Cinema Initiative Distribution Master (DCDM), Version 1.0
• DCP_1_0, Digital Cinema Initiative Package (DCP), Version 1.0
• DCR
• DCR included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• DivX
• DivX_5, Version 5 (video codec)
• DLS
• DLS, Downloadable Sounds Format
• DNG
• DNG_1_1, Adobe Digital Negative (DNG), Version 1.1
• DPX
• DPX_2, Digital Moving-Picture Exchange (DPX), Version 2.0
• DSD
• DSD, One-bit Delta Sigma Audio Encoding (DSD)
• DSDIFF, Direct Stream Digital Interchange File Format, Version 1.5
• DTB
• DTB (Digital Talking Book)
• DTB_Ext (Digital Talking Book), Extension for AMR-WB+ Speech Codec
• DTS
• DTS, Digital Theater Systems Audio Formats
• DV
• DV, Digital Video Encoding (DV, DVCAM, DVCPRO)
• DV-DIF, DV-DIF (Digital Video Digital Interface Format)

E

• Exif
• Exif 2.2 Exif Exchangeable Image File Format, Version 2.2

F

• FLAC
• FLAC_1_1_2, FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), Version 1.1.2
• Flash (SWF, FLA, FLV)
• SWF_7, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 7
• SWF_8, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 8
• FLA, Macromedia Flash FLA Project File Format
• FLV, Macromedia Flash FLV Video File Format

G

• GIF
• GIF_89a, Graphics Interchange Format, Version 89a

H

• H.26n ITU-T video encoding standards
• H.261, see MPEG-1, MPEG-1 Video Coding
• H.262, see MPEG-2, MPEG-2 Video Coding
• H.263, see MPEG-4_V, MPEG-4, Visual Coding (Part 2)
• H.264, see MPEG-4_AVC, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10)
• HDF, Hierarchical Data Format
• HDF4, Hierarchical Data Format, Version 4 and earlier
• HDF5, Hierarchical Data Format, Version 5
• HD Photo
• WMP_1_0, HD Photo, Version 1.0 (Windows Media Photo)

I

• ID3
• ID3, ID3 Metadata for MP3
• ID3v1, ID3, version 1
• ID3v2, ID3, version 2
• IFF
• IFF, Electronic Arts Interchange File Format 1985
• Indeo
• Indeo_3, Version 3 (video codec)
• Indeo_5, Version 5 (video codec)
• ISO_BMFF
• ISO_BMFF, ISO Base Media File Format
• ITU_G4
• ITU_G4, ITU-T Group 4 FAX Compression

J

• JPEG
• JFIF, JPEG File Interchange Format
• JPEG_DCT, JPEG Lossy (DCT) Compression Encoding
• JPEG_DCT_BL, JPEG DCT Compression Encoding, Baseline
• JPEG_DCT_EXT, JPEG DCT Compression Encoding, Extensions
• JPEG_EXIF, JPEG Encoded File with Exif Metadata
• JPEG 2000 Encodings
• J2K_C, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding System
• J2K_C_LL, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossless Compression
• J2K_C_LSY, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Lossy Compression
• J2K_C_Profile_0, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 0
• J2K_C_Profile_1, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 1
• J2K_C_Profile_3, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 3
• J2K_C_Profile_4, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, Profile 4
• J2K_C_BIIF_01_00, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, BIIF Profile (v. 01.00)
• J2K_C_NDNP, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding, NDNP Profile
• J2K_EXT, JPEG 2000 Part 2, Coding Extensions
• JPEG 2000 File Formats
• JP2_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 1 (Core) jp2 File Format
• JPX_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 2 (Extensions) jpf File Format
• JPM_FF, JPEG 2000 Part 6 (Compound) jpm File Format
• JPEG 2000 File Formats with Encoded Bitstreams
• JP2_J2K_C_LL, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Lossless
• JP2_J2K_C_LSY, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Lossy
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_0, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 0
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_1, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 1
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_3, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 3
• JP2_J2K_C_Profile_4, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, Profile 4
• JP2_J2K_C_BIFF_01_00, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, BIIF Profile (v. 01.00)
• JP2_J2K_C_NDNP, JP2 File Format with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, NDNP Profile

K

• KDC
• KDC included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)

L

• LPCM
• LPCM, Linear Pulse Code Modulated Audio
• LZW
• LZW, LZW Compression Encoding

M

• MIDI
• MIDI_SD, MIDI Sequence Data
• MJPEG
• MJPEG, Motion JPEG
• MJP2
• MJP2_FF, Motion JPEG 2000 File Format
• MODS
• MODS, Module Music Format (Mods)
• MP3
• MP3_ENC, MP3 Encoding
• MP3_FF, MP3 File Format
• MPEG-1
• MPEG-1, MPEG-1 Video Coding (H.261)
• MPEG-2
• MPEG-2, MPEG-2 Video Coding (H.262)
• MPEG-2_422, MPEG-2, 4:2:2 Profile
• MPEG-2_MP, MPEG-2, Main Profile
• MPEG-2_SP, MPEG-2, Simple Profile
• MPEG-4 Video Encodings
• MPEG-4_V, MPEG-4, Visual Coding (Part 2) (H.263)
• MPEG-4_V_ASP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Advanced Simple Profile
• MPEG-4_V_CP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Core Profile
• MPEG-4_V_MP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Main Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SSP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Scalable Profile
• MPEG-4_V_SStP, MPEG-4, Visual Coding, Simple Studio Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding (Part 10) (H.264)
• MPEG-4_AVC_BP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Baseline Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_EP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Extended Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_MP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Main Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_HP, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H10P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 10 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H422P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 4:2:2 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_H444P, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, High 4:4:4 Profile
• MPEG-4_AVC_EXT, MPEG-4, Advanced Video Coding, Non-FRExt Extensions
• MPEG-4 Audio Encodings
• AAC_MP4, Advanced Audio Coding, MPEG-4
• AAC_MP4_LC, AAC (MPEG-4) Low Complexity Object
• MPEG-4 File Formats
• MP4_FF_1, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 1
• MP4_FF_2, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2
• MP4_FF_AVCE, MPEG-4 File Format for AVC (Extensions; Part 15)
• MPEG-4 File Formats with Encoded Bitstreams
• MP4_FF_2_V, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2, with Visual Coding
• MP4_FF_2_AVC, MPEG-4 File Format, Version 2, with Advanced Video Coding
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_BP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Baseline Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_MP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Main Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_EP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, Extended Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_HP, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H10P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 10 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H422P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 4:2:2 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AVC_H444P, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with AVC, High 4:4:4 Profile
• MP4_FF_2_AAC, MPEG-4 File Format, V.2, with Advanced Audio Coding
• MP4_FF_AVCE_AVCE, MPEG-4 File Format for AVC (Ext), with Non-FRExt Extended AVC Coding
• MPEG-4 Textual Format
• MP4_XMT, MPEG-4 eXtensible MPEG-4 Textual Format (XMT)
• MrSID
• MrSID_MG2, MrSID Image Format, Generation 2
• MrSID_MG3, MrSID Image Format, Generation 3
• µ-Law (Mu-Law)
• µ-Law, µ-Law (Mu-Law) Compressed Sound Format
• MRW
• MRW included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• MXF
• MXF, Material Exchange Format (MXF)
• MXF_GC, MXF Format Generic Container
• MXF_OP-Atom, MXF Operational Pattern Atom (OP-Atom)
• MXF_OP1a, MXF Operational Pattern 1a (OP1a)

N

• NEF
• NEF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• NCBI/NLM
• NCBIArch_1, NCBI/NLM Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD, version 1
• NITF
• NITF, News Industry Text Format

O

• OEBPS
• OEBPS_1_0, Open eBook Forum Publication Structure 1.0.1
• OEBPS_1_2, Open eBook Forum Publication Structure 1.2
• Ogg
• Ogg, Ogg File Format
• Ogg_Vorbis, Ogg Vorbis Audio Format
• Ogg_FLAC_1_0, Ogg FLAC Audio Format, Version 1.0
• Ogg_SPX, Ogg Speex Audio Format
• ORF
• ORF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)

P

• PCM
• PCM, Pulse Code Modulated Audio
• PDF
• PDF, Portable Document Format
• PDF_1_4, PDF, Versions 1.0-1.4
• PDF_1_5, PDF, Version 1.5
• PDF/A_1, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Based on PDF 1.4
• PDF/A_1a, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Based on PDF 1.4, Level A Conformance
• PDF/A_1b, PDF for Long-term Preservation, Based on PDF 1.4, Level B Conformance
• PDF/X, PDF for Prepress Graphics File Interchange
• PEF
• PEF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• PNG
• PNG, Portable Network Graphics

Q

• QuickTime
• QuickTime, QuickTime File Format
• QTA_MP3, QuickTime Audio, MP3 Codec
• QTA_AAC, QuickTime Audio, AAC Codec
• QTV_Apple, QuickTime Video, Apple Codec
• QTV_Cinepak, QuickTime Video, Cinepak Codec
• QTV_Sorenson, QuickTime Video, Sorenson Codec
• QTV_MJPEG, QuickTime Video, Motion JPEG Codec
• QTV_MPEG, QuickTime Video, MPEG-1 Codec

R

• RAF
• RAF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• RealMedia
• RealAudio_10, Version 10
• RealAudio_RA, RealAudio Codec
• RealAudio_AAC, AAC Codec
• RealAudio_LL, Lossless Codec
• RealAudio_MC, Multichannel Codec
• RealVideo_10, Version 10
• RIFF
• RIFF, Resource Interchange File Format
• RMID
• RMID, RIFF-based MIDI File Format

S

• SHN
• SHN, Shorten Lossless Audio Format
• Sorenson
• Sorenson_3, Version 3 (video codec)
• SMF MIDI
• SMF, Standard MIDI File Format
• SPIFF
• SPIFF, Still Picture Interchange Format
• SPX
• SPX_1_2, Speex Audio Codec, Version 1.2
• SRF
• SRF included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• SVG
• SVG_1_1, Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Version 1.1
• SWF
• SWF_7, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 7
• SWF_8, Macromedia Flash SWF File Format, Version 8

T

• TGA
• TGA_1, Truevision TGA, version 1.0
• TGA_2, Truevision TGA, version 2.0
• TIFF
• TIFF, Revision 6.0 and earlier
• TIFF_G4, TIFF Bitmap with Group 4 Compression
• TIFF_LZW, TIFF Bitmap with LZW Compression
• TIFF_UNC, TIFF Uncompressed Bitmap
• TIFF_UNC_EXIF, TIFF Uncompressed File with Exif Metadata
• TIFF/IT, TIFF/IT, for Image Technology (Prepress)

V

• VC-1
• VC-1 video codec, see WMV9, Windows Media 9 Video Codec
• Vorbis
• Vorbis, Vorbis Audio Codec

W

• WARC
• WARC, Web ARChive file format
• WAVE
• WAVE, WAVE Audio File Format
• WAVE_LPCM, WAVE Audio File Format with LPCM Audio
• WAVE_LPCM_BWF, Broadcast WAVE Audio File Format
• WM (Windows Media)
• WMA, Windows Media Audio
• WMA_WMA9, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Codec
• WMA_WMA9_PRO, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Professional Codec
• WMA_WMA9_LL, Windows Media Audio File with WMA9 Lossless Codec
• WMA9, Windows Media 9 Audio Codec
• WMA9_PRO, Windows Media 9 Professional Audio Codec
• WMA9_LL, Windows Media 9 Lossless Audio Codec
• WMP, Windows Media Photo, Version 1.0, see WMP_1_0, HD Photo, Version 1.0
• WMV, Windows Media Video
• WMV_WMV9, Windows Media Video with WMV9 Codec
• WMV_WMV9_PRO, Windows Media Video with WMV9 Professional Codec
• WMV9, Windows Media 9 Video Codec; SMPTE VC-1
• WMV9_PRO, Windows Media 9 Professional Video Codec

X

• X3F
• X3F included in CAM_RAW, Camera Raw Formats (Group Description)
• XMF
• XMF, eXtensible Music Format
• XML
• XML, Extensible Markup Language
• XML_1_0, XML (Extensible Markup Language) 1.0
• XML_1_1, XML (Extensible Markup Language) 1.1
• XML_DTD, XML Document Type Definition (DTD)

These descriptions provide information about file formats, file-format classes, bitstream structures and encodings, and the mechanisms used to compress files or bitstreams. Inclusion of a format does not imply that it is preferred or acceptable for Library of Congress collections. Conversely, omission of a format from the list does not imply that it is not preferred or acceptable. Descriptions will be drafted and added over time. Persons with specialized knowledge are encouraged to review and comment on the descriptions using this contact form.