Sustainability of Digital Formats
Planning for Library of Congress Collections
Sustainability of Digital Formats
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| Introduction | Sustainability Factors | Content Categories | Format Descriptions | Contact | |
| Full name | ISO/IEC BIIF Profile BPJ2K01.00 -- Information technology - Computer Graphics and Image Processing - Registered Graphical Item - Class: BIIF Profile - Version 01.00 (2004) (formal name) JPEG 2000 BIIF Profile (common name) |
| Description | Implementation of JPEG 2000 Core Coding (Part 1) that constrains the use of variables in the specification and has been designed to support NATO and U.S. military applications. A number of recommendations are outlined in the specification (pp. 20-21), including but not limited to: • To enable quality scalability: lossy (19 quality layers) to be used when "visual exploitation" is the main function, lossless (20 quality layers) for "radiometric exploitation" • To enable resolution scalability: 5 levels of wavelet decomposition to ensure that 6 resolution levels are available from the codestream • To enable easy "chipping and parsing": image tiles at 1024x1024, each tile is self-contained Full representation of multispectral imagery (e.g., from satellites) requires the use of features of J2K_EXT, and extended BIIF-related profiling is anticipated. Additional general information about JPEG 2000 profiles is provided in J2K_C Notes. |
| Production phase | See J2K_C |
| Relationship to other formats | |
| Subtype of | J2K_C, JPEG 2000 Part 1, Core Coding System |
| Used by | JP2_J2K_C_BIIF_01_00, JP2 File with JPEG 2000 Core Coding, BIIF Profile (v. 01.00) |
| LC experience or existing holdings | See J2K_C |
| LC preference | See J2K_C |
| Disclosure | Open standard. See J2K_C |
| Documentation | ISO/IEC BIIF Profile BPJ2K01.00 -- Information technology - Computer Graphics and Image Processing - Registered Graphical Item - Class: BIIF Profile - Version 01.00 (30 July 2004) |
| Adoption | Although the documentation and other information suggest (prescribe?) use by military organizations, the compiler of this document has not found information that characterizes the extent of adoption; Comments welcome. |
| Licensing and patent claims | None |
| Transparency | See J2K_C |
| Self-documentation | See JP2_FF |
| External dependencies | See J2K_C |
| Technical protection considerations | See JP2_FF |
| Normal rendering | See J2K_C |
| Clarity (support for high image resolution) | See J2K_C. Use of the lossless option in this profile will provide the greatest clarity. |
| Color maintenance | See J2K_C |
| Support for graphic effects and typography | See JP2_FF |
| Functionality beyond normal image rendering | See J2K_C and JP2_FF |
| Tag type | Value | Note |
| Filename Extension | See JP2_FF | |
| Internet Media Type | See JP2_FF | |
| Magic numbers | See JP2_FF |
| General | The following pertains to the synchronization of U.S. military standards with the BIIF profile: "MIL-STD-2500C establishes the requirements for the National Imagery Transmission Format Version 2.1 (NITF 2.1). This version has been developed to keep the imagery format consistent with the emerging ISO Basic Imagery Interchange Format (BIIF) and the NATO Secondary Imagery Format (NSIF)." The specification makes frequent use of these acronyms: NIMA, National Imagery and Mapping Agency (now the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency [NGA]) NITF, National Imagery Transmission Format NITFS, National Imagery Transmission Format Standard NPJE, NSIF Preferred JPEG 2000 Encoding NSIF, NATO Secondary Image Format The profile as it stands applies to JPEG 2000 Core Coding (Part 1). The military's high interest in such things as satellite imagery, however, means that they will also develop profiles that offer more flexibility in the encoding of multispectral/hyperspectral data, requiring the use of multi-component transforms and other features of J2K_EXT, JPEG 2000 Coding Extensions. The BIIF specification discusses this topic: This profile is intended for the compression of literal imagery (e.g., panchromatic, color, detected SAR, Multispectral, thermal IR, etc.) within the NSIF profile of BIIF. It is not expected to handle non-literal imagery types (e.g., I/Q data, M/P data, VPH data, Elevation data, Location-Grid data, etc.). It is expected that the multiple component transform framework from JPEG 2000 Part 2 (ISO/IEC 15444-2) will be included when the requirements for Hyperspectral imagery are established. This profile is expected to grow with new requirements and new applications. For example, it is expected that the multiple component compression in JPEG 2000 Part 2 will be included in the next version of this profile. (p. 1) |
| History |
URLs
• Specification (164.214.2.51/ntb/baseline/ docs/bpj2k01/ISOJ2K_profile.pdf)
Print
URLs
• James Kasner slide show on military adoption of JPEG 2000 and other imaging standards (http://ismc.nga.mil/ntb/announce/2003/Symposium%20II/03_JPEG%202000%20Standards%20and%20Profile.pdf)
• MIL-STD-2500C (http://ismc.nga.mil/ntb/baseline/docs/2500c/index.html)
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