Information Sources

The following Web sites are referred to within CADDIS.

U.S. EPA's Stressor Identification Guidance Document leads users through the Stressor Identification process for determining the causes of stream biological impairment; the process described in CADDIS is a modification of this Stressor Identification process.
http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/biocriteria/stressors/stressorid.html

U.S. EPA's biocriteria program provides guidance and technical assistance for state and tribe water quality programs, including a Biological Assessment, Criteria and Indicators Discussion Database.
http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/biocriteria/

The Water Quality Standards Database (WQSDB) is being developed for the purposes of displaying water quality standards (WQS), including designated uses and criteria, for the nation's surface waters.
http://www.epa.gov/wqsdatabase/

Although CADDIS can be used to identify the cause of any biological impairment, it was developed specifically to support the designation of Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) under the Clean Water Act. The EPA has provided extensive guidance for implementation of the TMDL process.
http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/

Maryland's Department of Natural Resources (DNR) maintains a Web site that provides links to maps indicating long-term trends in total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids for third-order and larger streams in the state of Maryland; other states may have similar resources.
http://www.dnr.state.md.us/streams/status_trend/index.html

EnviroMapper for Water is a Web-based mapping interface to U.S. EPA's geospatial data. It extends the functions of the original EPA EnviroMapper by incorporating access to the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) and water program data that have been linked to the NHD. EnviroMapper for Water allows users to view different sets of map feature layers at national, regional, state, and county levels.
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/em/index.html

The "Getting in Step" module of U.S. EPA's Watershed Academy provides information on how to improve outreach and stakeholder involvement within your watershed.
http://www.epa.gov/watertrain/gettinginstep/

AQUATOX is a simulation model that examines how pollutants (e.g., nutrients, organic compounds) may affect aquatic ecosystems.
http://www.epa.gov/ost/models/aquatox/

The ECOTOX (ECOTOXicology) database provides single chemical toxicity information for aquatic and terrestrial life. ECOTOX is a useful tool for examining impacts of chemicals on the environment. Peer-reviewed literature is the primary source of information encoded in the database.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

U.S. EPA provides lists of Best Management Practices (BMPs) that may be used for:

The U.S. EPA maintains a list of databases and software, which may be helpful in the Stressor Identification process.
http://www.epa.gov/epahome/Data.html

U.S. EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) is a research program focused on ecological monitoring and assessment throughout the nation.
http://www.epa.gov/emap/

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Engineering Statistics Handbook is an electronic text book providing background on some of the approached described in the Analyzing Data section of CADDIS. URLs for the handbook's home page and cited sections are:
http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/

U.S. EPA's Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) may be used to model stressor response relationships. It contains seventeen (17) different models that are appropriate for the analysis of dichotomous (quantal) data (Gamma, Logistic, Log-Logistic, Multistage, Probit, Log-Probit, Quantal-Linear, Quantal-Quadratic, Weibull and Multistage-Cancer), continuous data (Linear, Polynomial, Power, and Hill) and nested developmental toxicology data (NLogistic, NCTR, and Rai & Van Ryzin).
http://www.epa.gov/ncea/bmds.htm

U.S. EPA's Acute-to-Chronic Estimation (ACE) with Time-Concentration-Effect Models software allows prediction of chronic toxicity from acute toxicity datasets. ACE uses linear regression and accelerated life testing to predict no-effect and low-effect concentrations for chronic mortality.
http://www.epa.gov/ceampubl/fchain/ace/index.htm

U.S. EPA's web-based Interspecies Correlation Estimation (Web-ICE) estimates the acute toxicity of a chemical to a taxon (i.e., the predicted species, genera, or family) without test data from the known toxicity of the chemical to a species with test data (the surrogate). ICE models are least square regressions between the surrogate species and the predicted taxa to estimate the toxicity of that chemical to the predicted species, genus or family.
http://www.epa.gov/ceampubl/fchain/webice/index.htm

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Residue-Effects Database (ERED) is a compilation of data, taken from the literature, where biological effects (e.g., reduced survival, growth, etc.) and tissue contaminant concentrations were simultaneously measured in the same organism.
http://el.erdc.usace.army.mil/ered/

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.
http://www.itis.gov/

FishBase is a global information system which provides taxonomic, life history, ecological and economic information for freshwater and marine fish. It was developed at the WorldFish Center in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and many other partners. Development was supported by the European Commission.
http://www.fishbase.org/