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Concrete and Concrete
Products - Manufacturing and Construction |
| Industry Segments and Controlling Hazards |
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This page identifies some of the major industry segments involved in the manufacturing of concrete and concrete products, and in
construction work with concrete. It also lists some of the leading workplace hazards for these industries and links to safety and health
resources for controlling these hazards.
Manufacturing Sector
Concrete Block and Brick Manufacturing (NAICS 327331)
Concrete Pipe Manufacturing (NAICS 327332)
Ready-Mixed Concrete Manufacturing (NAICS 327320)
Construction Sector
General Hazard Resources
- Profile: Concrete and Concrete Products.
OSHA Industry Profile. Also available as a 1.2 MB PDF, 11 pages.
Includes BLS accident rates, OSHA inspection data, and other information for SIC Code 327.
- Concrete
Manufacturing Pocket Guide. OSHA Publication
3221, (2004). Also available as a 253 KB PDF, (2004), 15
pages.
- Concrete
and Masonry Construction. OSHA Publication
3106, (1998). Also available as a 415 KB PDF, (1998), 32
pages.
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Hazards Associated with Strand Restraint Devices in Manufacturing Prestressed Concrete
Beams. OSHA Safety and Health Information Bulletin (SHIB), (2004, June 2). Also available
as a 94 KB
PDF, 4 pages.
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Precast Concrete Panels-Hazardous Storage. OSHA Safety and Health Information
Bulletin (SHIB), (2004, February 10). Also available as a 38 KB
PDF, 4 pages.
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Comprehensive Safety Recommendations for the Precast Concrete Products Industry.
US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 84-103, (1984, June).
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Construction Industry Safety and Health Outreach Program. OSHA, (1996, May).
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Concrete and Masonry Construction. Describes the requirements with which
construction employers must comply to protect workers from accidents and injuries
resulting from the premature removal of formwork, the failure to brace masonry
walls, the failure to support precast panels, the inadvertent operation of
equipment, and the failure to guard reinforcing steel.
Amputations
Confined Spaces
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Permit-Required Confined Spaces. OSHA Publication 3138, (2004).
Also available as a 486 KB PDF, 22 pages.
Provides a general overview of procedures for protecting workers from the hazards of confined spaces using permit-required entry plans.
- Worker Deaths in Confined Spaces.
US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No.
94-103, (1994, January). Also available as a 10 MB PDF,
282 pages. Contains summary data and investigative reports of fatal
incidents involving workers who entered confined spaces.
- A Guide to Safety in Confined Spaces. US Department
of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 87-113, (1987, July),
333 KB PDF, 22 pages.
Lists both the common hazards encountered in confined spaces and methods for controlling them;
also includes safety checklists.
- Preventing Occupational Fatalities in Confined Spaces.
US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No.
86-119, (1986, January). Describes several fatal confined spaces incidents and makes recommendations for
preventing similar events.
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Investigations of Fatal Confined Space Incidents.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (FACE) Report. Since the inception of the FACE program in 1982, 132 fatal incidents
involving confined space entry and rescue efforts have been investigated by NIOSH and State investigators.
- For additional information, see OSHA's Confined Spaces Safety and Health Topics Page.
Dermal (Skin) Hazards
-
Preventing Skin Problems from Working with Portland Cement. (2008). Employees may suffer
dermal hazards in working with wet cement such as cement burns (due to its caustic nature) and
inflammation of the skin (either due to irritant or allergic contact dermatitis). This guidance
addresses ways to prevent or minimize skin problems through the proper selection and use of
gloves, boots and other personal protective equipment such as kneepads; proper skin care and work
practices such as use of pH neutral or slightly acidic soaps; and ways of making cement products
less hazardous.
- An Employer's Guide to Skin Protection. Electronic Library of Construction Occupational Safety and Health (eLCOSH), (2000).
Provides guidance for employers to prevent skin problems in employees who work with wet cement products.
- A Safety and Health Practitioner's Guide to Skin Protection. Electronic Library of Construction Occupational Safety and
Health (eLCOSH), (2000). Provides a detailed reference on dermal exposure related to cement products.
- Contact Dermatitis Toolbox Talk. Electronic Library of Construction Occupational Safety and Health (eLCOSH), (1999).
Toolbox session on the causes and prevention of skin problems from Portland cement products.
- For additional information, see OSHA's Dermal Exposure Safety and Health Topics Page.
Electrical Hazards
- Controlling Electrical Hazards. OSHA Publication 3075, (2002).
Also available as a 349 KB PDF, 71 pages.
Provides an overview of basic electrical safety on the job.
- Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout). OSHA Publication 3120, (2002),
178 KB PDF,
45 pages. Presents OSHA's general requirements for controlling hazardous energy during service or maintenance
of machines and equipment.
- For additional information, see the following OSHA Safety and Health Topics Pages:
Fall Protection
Respiratory Hazards
- Respiratory Protection. OSHA Publication 3079, (2002), 280 KB PDF, 42 pages.
Provides a non-exhaustive overview of OSHA requirements for using respirators to safeguard workers, including how to develop an effective respiratory protection program.
- Small Entity Compliance Guide for
the Respiratory Protection Standard (CFR 1910.134). OSHA, (1999). Also available as 706 KB PDF, (1998),
149 pages. Helps small businesses comply with OSHA's revised Respiratory Protection standard.
- New Respirator Protection for 5 Million Workers in 1.3 Million Worksites. OSHA Job Safety & Health Quarterly (JSHQ), (1998), 2.5 MB PDF,
6 pages. Includes a report on the revised Respirator standard.
- For additional information, see OSHA's Respiratory Protection Safety and Health Topics Page.
Silica and Other Hazardous Substances
- Silicosis Quick Card. OSHA Publication 3266. Brief summary of how employees can protect themselves from exposure to respirable crystalline silica dust.
- English.
Also available as a 20 KB PDF, 1 page.
- Spanish, 20 KB PDF, 1 page.
- Crystalline Silica Exposure Card for General Industry. OSHA Publication 3176, (2002), 37 KB PDF, 2 pages.
Contains a concise description of crystalline silica, the hazards associated with
it, and what workers can do to prevent developing silicosis as a result of exposure to it.
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Hazard Communication Guidelines for Compliance. OSHA Publication 3111, (2000), 115 KB PDF, 33 pages.
Contains a generic survey of OSHA requirements for hazard communication in the workplace.
- A Guide to Working Safely with Silica. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), (1997, January 31), 213 KB PDF, 21 pages.
Provides information about the health hazards of silica and suggests ways to prevent silicosis.
- The Campaign to End Silicosis. OSHA Job Safety & Health Quarterly (JSHQ), (1997), 243 KB PDF, 4 pages.
Discusses the national education campaign, "If It's Silica, It's Not Just Dust."
- For additional information, see OSHA's Silica, Crystalline Safety and Health Topics Page.
Struck-By/Caught Between
- Personal Protective Equipment. OSHA Publication 3151-12R, (2003).
Also available as a 629 KB PDF, 46 pages.
Helps both employers and employees learn the basics of conducting a "hazard assessment" of the workplace, select
appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and know how to properly use it.
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Safeguarding Equipment and Protecting Workers from Amputations.
OSHA Publication 3170, (2001). Also available as a 1.2 MB PDF, 78 pages.
Provides a generic overview of standards-related topics and information to help identify and manage common amputation
hazards associated with operating stationary equipment.
- Concepts and Techniques of Machine Safeguarding. OSHA Publication 3067, (1992). Also available as a 6.7 MB PDF.
Covers nearly all aspects of machine guarding, and includes chapters on safeguarding, guard construction,
machinery maintenance and repair, and an evaluation checklist.
- For additional information, see OSHA's Machine Guarding Safety and Health Topics Page.
Truck Driving
- Ready Mixed Concrete Truck Drivers: Work-Related Hazards and Recommendations for Controls.
Electronic Library of Construction Safety and Health (eLCOSH), Center to Protect Workers' Rights (CPWR). Also available as a
276 KB PDF,
27 pages. Consists
of a hazard assessment of truck drivers in the industry and a summary of
identified work-related hazards and safety recommendations.
- Chipping out the Drum: Safe Work Practices. Georgia Tech Research Corporation. Produced under
OSHA Susan Harwood Training Grant
number 46D3-HT02. Training materials for workers who chip out hardened concrete from the interior of mixer drums on concrete trucks.
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