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OPP
08-001 December 2007
Support Operations, 2007-2008
- Ships (research and support)
- The research ship, Nathaniel B. Palmer, length 94 meters, icebreaker, purpose-built in 1992 for long-term charter to U.S. Antarctic Program.1 The ship supports research throughout the Southern Ocean the year-round.
- The research ship Laurence M. Gould, 71 meters, ice-strengthened, purpose-built in 1997 for long-term charter to U.S. Antarctic Program1 (replaces RV Polar Duke, chartered 1984-1997).2 Year-round research and Palmer Station support.
- Polar Sea, 122 meters, U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker.3 Annual summer channel break-in to McMurdo and some summer-season research support.
- Oden, 107.8 meters, Swedish Maritime Administration, chartered to assist Polar Sea with the annual summer channel break-in to McMurdo and escort of the Tern and the tanker.
- American Tern, 159 meters, Military Sealift Command chartered ice-classed cargo ship.4 Annual cargo delivery to, and waste retrograde from, McMurdo.
- Tanker, Military Sealift Command (MSC) chartered. Annual fuel delivery to McMurdo.
- Runways (wheeled operations near McMurdo)
- McMurdo Sound (78°S), annual sea ice, October–December
- Pegasus (78°S), prepared glacial ice; previously not used in the warmer summer months, this runway was groomed for year-round use in 2001.
- Skiways (ski operations only)
- Williams Field (78°S), near McMurdo, available year-round
- South Pole (90°S)
- Open field (various locations)
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