Drugs of Abuse Publication, Chart

DRUGS OF ABUSE/Uses and Effects

U.S. Department of Justice
Drug Enforcement Administration

Dependence

Drugs CSA Schedules Trade or Other Names Medical Uses Physical Psycho-logical Tolerance Duration (Hours) Usual Method Possible Effects Effects of Overdose Withdrawal Syndrome

Narcotics

Heroin Substance I Diamorphine, Horse, Smack, Black tar, Chiva, Negra (black tar) None in U.S., Analgesic, Antitussive High High Yes 3-4 Injected, snorted, smoked Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea Slow and shallow breathing, clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death Watery eyes, runny nose, yawning, loss of appetite, irritability, tremors, panic, cramps, nausea, chills and sweating

Morphine Substance II MS-Contin, Roxanol, Oramorph SR, MSIR Analgesic High High Yes 3-12 Oral, injected

Hydrocodone Substance II, Product III, V Hydrocodone w/ Acetaminophen, Vicodin, Vicoprofen, Tussionex, Lortab Analgesic, Antitussive High High Yes 3-6 Oral

Hydro-morphone Substance II Dilaudid Analgesic High High Yes 3-4 Oral, injected

Oxycodone Substance II Roxicet, Oxycodone w/ Acetaminophen, OxyContin, Endocet, Percocet, Percodan Analgesic High High Yes 3-12 Oral

Codeine Substance II, Products III, V Acetaminophen, Guaifenesin or Promethazine w/Codeine, Fiorinal, Fioricet or Tylenol w/Codeine Analgesic, Antitussive Moderate Moderate Yes 3-4 Oral, injected

Other Narcotics Substance II, III, IV Fentanyl, Demerol, Methadone, Darvon, Stadol, Talwin, Paregoric, Buprenex Analgesic, Antidiarrheal, Antitussive High-Low High-Low Yes Variable Oral, injected, snorted, smoked

Depressants

gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid Substance I, Product III GHB, Liquid Ecstasy, Liquid X, Sodium Oxybate, Xyrem® None in U.S., Anesthetic Moderate Moderate Yes 3-6 Oral Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol, impaired memory of events, interacts with alcohol Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death Anxiety, insomnia, tremors, delirium, convulsions, possible death

Benzodiazepines Substance IV Valium, Xanax, Halcion, Ativan, Restoril, Rohypnol (Roofies, R-2), Klonopin Antianxiety, Sedative, Anti-convulsant, Hypnotic, Muscle Relaxant Moderate Moderate Yes 1-8 Oral, injected

Other Depressants Substance I, II, III, IV Ambien, Sonata, Meprobamate, Chloral Hydrate, Barbiturates, Methaqualone (Quaalude) Antianxiety, Sedative, Hypnotic Moderate Moderate Yes 2-6 Oral

Stimulants

Cocaine Substance II Coke, Flake, Snow, Crack, Coca, Blanca, Perico, Nieve, Soda Local anesthetic Possible High Yes 1-2 Snorted, smoked, injected Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate & blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite Agitation, increased body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death Apathy, long periods of sleep, irritability, depression, disorientation

Amphetamine/
Meth-amphetamine Substance II Crank, Ice, Cristal, Krystal Meth, Speed, Adderall, Dexedrine, Desoxyn Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy, weight control Possible High Yes 2-4 Oral, injected, smoked

Methylphenidate Substance II Ritalin (Illy's), Concerta, Focalin, Metadate Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder Possible High Yes 2-4 Oral, injected, snorted, smoked

Other Stimulants Substance III, IV Adipex P, Ionamin, Prelu-2, Didrex, Provigil Vaso-constriction Possible Moderate Yes 2-4 Oral

Hallucinogens

MDMA and Analogs Substance I (Ecstasy, XTC, Adam), MDA (Love Drug), MDEA (Eve), MBDB None None Moderate Yes 4-6 Oral, snorted, smoked Heightened senses, teeth grinding and dehydration Increased body temperature, electrolyte imbalance, cardiac arrest Muscle aches, drowsiness, depression, acne

LSD Substance I Acid, Microdot, Sunshine, Boomers None None Unknown Yes 8-12 Oral Illusions and hallucinations, altered perception of time and distance (LSD) Longer, more intense "trip" episodes None

Phencyclidine and Analogs Substance I, II, III PCP, Angel Dust, Hog, Loveboat, Ketamine (Special K), PCE, PCPy, TCP Anesthetic (Ketamine) Possible High Yes 1-12 Smoked, oral, injected, snorted Unable to direct movement, feel pain, or remember Drug seeking behavior
*Not regulated

Other Hallucinogens Substance I Psilocybe mushrooms, Mescaline, Peyote Cactus, Ayahausca, DMT, Dextro-methorphan* (DXM) None None None Possible 4-8 Oral

Cannabis

Marijuana Substance I Pot, Grass, Sinsemilla, Blunts, Mota, Yerba, Grifa None Unknown Moderate Yes 2-4 Smoked, oral Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disorientation Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis Occasional reports of insomnia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite

Tetrahydro-cannabinol Substance I, Product III THC, Marinol Antinauseant, Appetite stimulant Yes Moderate Yes 2-4 Smoked, oral

Hashish and Hashish Oil Substance I Hash, Hash oil None Unknown Moderate Yes 2-4 Smoked, oral

Anabolic Steroids

Testosterone Substance III Depo Testosterone, Sustanon, Sten, Cypt Hypogonadism Unknown Unknown Unknown 14-28 days Injected Virilization, edema, testicular atrophy, gyneco-mastia, acne, aggressive behavior Unknown Possible depression

Other Anabolic Steroids Substance III Parabolan, Winstrol, Equipose, Anadrol, Dianabol, Primabolin-Depo, D-Ball Anemia, Breast cancer Unknown Yes Unknown Variable Oral, injected

Inhalants

Amyl and Butyl Nitrite Pearls, Poppers, Rush, Locker Room Angina (Amyl) Unknown Unknown No 1 Inhaled Flushing, hypotension, headache Methemo-globinemia Agitation

Nitrous Oxide Laughing gas, balloons, Whippets Anesthetic Unknown Low No 0.5 Inhaled Impaired memory, slurred speech, drunken behavior, slow onset vitamin deficiency, organ damage Vomiting, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness, possible death Trembling, anxiety, insomnia, vitamin deficiency, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions

Other Inhalants Adhesives, spray paint, hair spray, dry cleaning fluid, spot remover, lighter fluid None Unknown High No 0.5-2 Inhaled

Alcohol Beer, wine, liquor None High High Yes 1-3 Oral

June 2004