Industries in the Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector group establishments engaged in the publishing of newspapers, magazines, other periodicals, and books, as well as directory and mailing list and software publishing. In general, these establishments, which are known as publishers, issue copies of works for which they usually possess copyright. Works may be in one or more formats including traditional print form, CD-ROM, or proprietary electronic networks. Publishers may publish works originally created by others for which they have obtained the rights and/or works that they have created in-house. Software publishing is included here because the activity, creation of a copyrighted product and bringing it to market, is equivalent to the creation process for other types of intellectual products.
In NAICS, publishing--the reporting, writing, editing, and other processes that are required to create an edition of a newspaper--is treated as a major economic activity in its own right, rather than as a subsidiary activity to a manufacturing activity, printing. Thus, publishing is classified in the Information sector; whereas, printing remains in the NAICS Manufacturing sector. In part, the NAICS classification reflects the fact that publishing increasingly takes place in establishments that are physically separate from the associated printing establishments. More crucially, the NAICS classification of book and newspaper publishing is intended to portray their roles in a modern economy, in which they do not resemble manufacturing activities.
Music publishers are not included in the Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector, but are included in the Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries subsector. Reproduction of prepackaged software is treated in NAICS as a manufacturing activity; on-line distribution of software products is in the Information sector, and custom design of software to client specifications is included in the Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services sector. These distinctions arise because of the different ways that software is created, reproduced, and distributed.
The Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector does not include establishments that publish exclusively on the Internet. Establishments publishing exclusively on the Internet are included in Subsector 519, Other Information Service. The Publishing Industries (except Internet) subsector also excludes products, such as manifold business forms. Information is not the essential component of these items. Establishments producing these items are included in Subsector 323, Printing and Related Support Activities.
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing newspapers, magazines, other periodicals, books, directories and mailing lists, and other works, such as calendars, greeting cards, and maps. These works are characterized by the intellectual creativity required in their development and are usually protected by copyright. Publishers distribute or arrange for the distribution of these works.
Publishing establishments may create the works in-house, contract for, purchase, or compile works that were originally created by others. These works may be published in one or more formats, such as print and/or electronic form, including proprietary electronic networks. Establishments in this industry may print, reproduce, or offer direct access to the works themselves or may arrange with others to carry out such functions.
Establishments that both print and publish may fill excess capacity with commercial or job printing. However, the publishing activity is still considered to be the primary activity of these establishments.
See industry description for 511110 below.
This industry comprises establishments known as newspaper publishers. Establishments in this industry carry out operations necessary for producing and distributing newspapers, including gathering news; writing news columns, feature stories, and editorials; and selling and preparing advertisements. These establishments may publish newspapers in print or electronic form.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511110 | 511110 | 511110 | Newspaper branch offices |
511110 | 511110 | 511110 | Newspaper publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511110 | 511110 | 511110 | Newspaper publishers and printing combined |
511110 | 511110 | 511110 | Publishers, newspaper (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511110 | 511110 | 511110 | Publishers, newspaper, combined with printing |
See industry description for 511120 below.
This industry comprises establishments known either as magazine publishers or periodical publishers. These establishments carry out the operations necessary for producing and distributing magazines and other periodicals, such as gathering, writing, and editing articles, and selling and preparing advertisements. These establishments may publish magazines and other periodicals in print or electronic form.
Illustrative Examples:
Comic book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Radio and television guide publishers (except exclusive publishing) Magazine publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Scholarly journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Newsletter publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Trade journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing)
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Advertising periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Advertising periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Agricultural magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Agricultural magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Comic book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Comic book publishers and printing combined (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Financial magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Financial magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Juvenile magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Juvenile magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Magazine publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Magazine publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Medical journal and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Medical journal and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Newsletter publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Newsletter publishers and printing combined (except Internet) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Professional magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Professional magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), magazine |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), periodical |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Publishers, magazine, combined with printing |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Publishers, periodical, combined with printing |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Radio guide publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Radio guide publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Radio schedule publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Radio schedule publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Religious magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Religious magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scholarly journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scholarly journal publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scholastic magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scholastic magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scientific journal and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Scientific journal and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Technical magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Technical magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Television guide publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Television guide publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Trade journal publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Trade journal publishers and printing combined |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Trade magazine and periodical publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511120 | 511120 | 511120 | Trade magazine and periodical publishers and printing combined |
See industry description for 511130 below.
This industry comprises establishments known as book publishers. Establishments in this industry carry out design, editing, and marketing activities necessary for producing and distributing books. These establishments may publish books in print, electronic, or audio form.
Illustrative Examples:
Atlas publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Religious book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) School textbook publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Encyclopedia publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Technical manual publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Map publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Travel guide book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing)
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Almanac publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Almanac publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Atlas publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Atlas publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Book (e.g., hardback, paperback, tape) publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Book publishers, university press (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Dictionary publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Dictionary publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Encyclopedia publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Encyclopedia publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Fiction book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Fiction book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Globe cover publishers |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Globe cover publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Guide, street map, publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Guide, street map, publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Map publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Map publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Nonfiction book publishers (except exclusive Internet publshing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Nonfiction book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Pamphlet publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Pamphlet publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Professional book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Professional book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), book |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), map |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Publishers, book, combined with printing |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Religious book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Religious book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | School book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | School book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | School textbook publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | School textbook publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511199 | Street map guide publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Technical manual and paperback book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Technical manual and paperback book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Technical manual publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Travel guide book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | Travel guide book publishers and printing combined |
511130 | 511130 | 511130 | University press publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
See industry description for 511140 below.
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing directories, mailing lists, and collections or compilations of fact. The products are typically protected in their selection, arrangement and/or presentation. Examples are lists of mailing addresses, telephone directories, directories of businesses, collections or compilations of proprietary drugs or legal case results, compilations of public records, etc. These establishments may publish directories and mailing lists in print or electronic form.
Illustrative Examples:
Business directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Mailing list publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Telephone directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing)
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Address list publishers (except exlusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Address list publishers and printing combined |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Business directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Business directory publishers and printing combined |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Catalog of collections publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Catalog of collections publishers and printing combined |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Directory and mailing list publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Directory and mailing list publishers and printing combined |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Directory publishers and printing combined |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Electronic directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Mailing list publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), directory |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Telephone directory publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511140 | 511140 | 511140 | Telephone directory publishers and printing combined |
This industry comprises establishments known as publishers (except newspaper, magazine, book, directory, mailing list, and music publishers). These establishments may publish works in print or electronic form.
Illustrative Examples:
Art print publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Greeting card publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Calendar publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing)
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in publishing greeting cards.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511191 | 511191 | 511191 | Greeting card publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511191 | 511191 | 511191 | Greeting card publishers and printing combined |
511191 | 511191 | 511191 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), greeting card |
511191 | 511191 | 511191 | Publishers, greeting card, combined with printing |
This U.S. industry comprises establishments generally known as publishers (except newspaper, magazine, book, directory, database, music, and greeting card publishers). These establishments may publish works in print or electronic form.
Illustrative Examples:
Art print publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) Calendar publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing)
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | 2002 NAICS to 1997 NAICS | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
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511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Art print (except exclusive Internet publishing) publishers |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Art print publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Art publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Calendar publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Calendar publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Catalog (i.e., mail order, store merchandise) publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Catalog (i.e., mail order, store merchandise) publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Children's coloring book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Diary and time scheduler publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Discount coupon book publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Discount coupon book publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Limited editions art print publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Pattern and plan (e.g., clothing patterns) publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Pattern and plan (e.g., clothing patterns) publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Postcard publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Postcard publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Poster publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Poster publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing), racing form |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Racetrack program publishers (except Internet) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Racetrack program publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Racing form publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Racing form publishers and printing combined |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Yearbook (e.g., high school, college, university) publishers (except exclusive Internet publishing) |
511199 | 511199 | 511199 | Yearbook (e.g., high school, college, university) publishers and printing combined |
See industry description for 511210 below.
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in computer software publishing or publishing and reproduction. Establishments in this industry carry out operations necessary for producing and distributing computer software, such as designing, providing documentation, assisting in installation, and providing support services to software purchasers. These establishments may design, develop, and publish, or publish only.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Go to: | No change 2002 to 2007 | No change 1997 to 2002 | 2002 Economic Census and other data sources |
2007 NAICS | 2002 NAICS | 1997 NAICS |
Corresponding Index Entries |
---|---|---|---|
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Applications software, computer, packaged |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Computer software publishers, packaged |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Computer software publishing and reproduction |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Games, computer software, publishing |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Operating systems software, computer, packaged |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Packaged computer software publishers |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Programming language and compiler software publishers, packaged |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Publishers, packaged computer software |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Software computer, packaged, publishers |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Software publishers |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Software publishers, packaged |
511210 | 511210 | 511210 | Utility software, computer, packaged |