National Maritime Center (NMC)
Mariner Licensing and Documentation (MLD)
CHAPTER V
STANDARDS REGARDING SPECIAL TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONNEL ON CERTAIN
OF SHIPS
Section A-V/1 (back
to top)
Mandatory minimum requirements for the training and qualifications of
masters, officers and ratings on tankers
Tanker familiarization course*
- 1 The tanker familiarization course referred to in paragraph 1.2
of regulation V/1 shall cover at least the syllabus given in paragraphs
2 to 7 below.
Characteristics of cargoes
- 2 An outline treatment including practical demonstration of the
physical properties of oil, chemicals and gases carried in bulk; vapour
pressure/temperature relationship; influence of pressure on boiling
temperature; explanation of saturated vapour pressure, diffusion, partial
pressure, flammability limits, flashpoint and auto-ignition temperature;
practical significance of flashpoint and lower flammable limit; simple
explanation of types of electrostatic charge generation; chemical symbols
and structures; elements of the chemistry of acids and bases and chemical
reactions of well-known groupings sufficient to enable proper utilization
of codes.
Toxicity
- 3 Simple explanation of principles and basic concepts; toxicity
limits, both acute and chronic effects of toxicity, systemic poisons
and irritants.
Hazards
- 4 An explanation of hazards including:
- .1 explosion and flammability hazards, flammability limits and
sources of ignition and explosion;
- .2 health hazards including the dangers of skin contact, inhalation
and ingestion; oxygen deficiency with particular reference to inert
gas systems; harmful properties of cargo carried; accidents to personnel
and associated first aid do's and don'ts;
- .3 hazards to the environment, covering: the effect on human
and marine life from the release of oil, chemicals or gases; effect
of specific gravity and solubility; danger from vapour cloud drift;
effect of vapour pressure and atmospheric conditions;
- .4 reactivity hazards; self-reaction; polymerization; effects
of temperature; impurities as catalysts; reaction with air, water
and other chemicals; and
- .5 corrosion hazards, covering: the dangers to personnel; attacks
on constructional materials; effects of concentration and evolution
of hydrogen.
Hazard control
- 5 Inerting, water padding, drying agents and monitoring techniques;
anti-static measures; ventilation; segregation; cargo inhibition and
the importance of compatibility of materials.
Safety equipment and protection of personnel
- 6 The function and calibration of measuring instruments and similar
equipment; specialized fire-extinguishing appliances; breathing apparatus
and tanker evacuating equipment; safe use of protective clothing and
equipment; use of resuscitators and other rescue and escape equipment.
Pollution prevention
- 7 Procedures to be followed to prevent air and water pollution and
measures to be taken in the event of spillage, including the need to:
- .1 immediately report all relevant information to the appropriate
officials when a spill is detected or when a malfunction has occurred
which poses a risk of a spill;
- .2 promptly notify shore-based response personnel; and
- .3 properly implement shipboard spill containment procedures.
Oil Tanker Training Programme
- 8 The specialized training programme referred to in paragraph 2.2
of regulation V/1 appropriate to duties on oil tankers shall provide
theoretical and practical knowledge of the subjects specified in paragraphs
9 to 14 below*.
Regulations and codes of practice
- 9 Familiarization with the appropriate provisions of relevant international
conventions; relevant international and national codes; the IMO Manual
on Oil Pollution; relevant tanker safety guides* and relevant port regulations
as commonly applied.
Design and equipment of oil tankers
- 10 Familiarization with piping, pumping, tank and deck arrangements;
types of cargo pumps and their application to various types of cargo;
tank cleaning, gas-freeing and inerting systems; cargo tank venting
and accommodation ventilation; gauging systems and alarms; cargo heating
systems; and the safety aspects of electrical systems.
Cargo characteristics
- 11 Knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of different
oil cargoes.
Ship operations
- 12 Cargo calculations; loading and discharging plans; loading and
discharge procedures including ship-to-ship transfers; checklists; use
of monitoring equipment; importance of proper supervision of personnel;
gas-freeing operations and tank cleaning operations; where appropriate,
crude oil washing procedures and the operation and maintenance of inert
gas systems; control of entry into pump-rooms and enclosed spaces; use
of gas detecting and safety equipment; load-on-top and proper ballasting
and de-ballasting procedures; air and water pollution prevention.
Repair and maintenance
- 13 Precautions to be taken before and during repair and maintenance
work, including that affecting pumping, piping, electrical and control
systems; safety factors necessary in the performance of hot work; control
of hot work and proper hot work procedures.
Emergency operations
- 14 The importance of developing ship emergency plans; cargo operations
emergency shutdown; action in the event of failure of services essential
to cargo; fire-fighting on oil tankers; action following collision,
stranding or spillage; medical first aid procedures and the use of resuscitation
equipment; use of breathing apparatus for safe entry into and rescue
from enclosed spaces.
Chemical Tanker Training Programme
- 15 The specialized training programme referred to in paragraph 2.2
of regulation V/1 appropriate to duties on chemical tankers shall provide
theoretical and practical knowledge of the subjects specified in paragraphs
16 to 21 below.*
Regulations and codes of practice
- 16 Familiarization with relevant international conventions, and
relevant IMO and national codes and with relevant tanker safety guides**
and relevant port regulations as commonly applied.
Design and equipment of chemical tankers
- 17 A brief description of specialized piping, pumping and tank arrangements,
overflow control; types of cargo pumps and their application to various
types of cargo; tank cleaning and gas-freeing systems; cargo tank venting;
vapour return systems; accommodation ventilation, airlocks; gauging
systems and alarms; tank temperature control systems and alarms; the
safety factors of electrical systems.
Cargo characteristics
- 18 Sufficient knowledge of liquid chemical cargo characteristics
to allow proper use of relevant cargo safety guides**.
Ship operations
- 19 Cargo calculations; loading and discharging plans; loading and
discharge procedures; vapour return systems; checklists; use of monitoring
equipment; gas-freeing operations and tank cleaning operations including
proper use of absorption and wetting agents and detergents; use and
maintenance of inert atmospheres; control of entry into pump-rooms and
enclosed spaces; use of detecting and safety equipment; disposal of
waste and washings.
Repair and maintenance
- 20 Precautions to be taken before the repair and maintenance of
pumping, piping, electrical and control systems.
Emergency operations
- 21 The importance of developing ship emergency plans; cargo operations
emergency shutdown; action in the event of failure of services essential
to cargo; fire-fighting on chemical tankers; action following collision,
stranding or spillage; medical first aid procedures and the use of resuscitation
and decontamination equipment; use of breathing apparatus and escape
equipment; safe entry into and rescue from enclosed spaces.
Liquefied Gas Tanker Training Programme
- 22 The specialized training programme referred to in paragraph 2.2
of regulation V/1 appropriate to the duties on liquefied gas tankers
shall provide theoretical and practical knowledge of the subjects specified
in paragraphs 23 to 34 below.*
Regulations and codes of practice
- 23 Familiarization with relevant international conventions and relevant
IMO, national and industry codes.** 24 Familiarization with the ship
design and equipment of liquefied gas tankers; types of liquefied gas
tankers; cargo containment systems (construction, surveys); cargo-handling
equipment (pumps, piping systems); cargo conditioning systems (warm-up,
cool-down); tank atmosphere control systems (inert gas, nitrogen); instrumentation
of cargo containment and handling systems; fire-fighting system and
safety and rescue equipment.
Fire-fighting
- 25 Advanced practical fire-fighting techniques and tactics applicable
to gas tankers, including the use of water-spray systems.
Chemistry and physics
- 26 An introduction to basic chemistry and physics as it relates
to the safe carriage of liquefied gases in bulk in ships covering:
- .1 the properties and characteristics of liquefied gases and
their vapours, including the definition of gas; simple gas laws;
the gas equation; density of gases; diffusion and mixing of gases;
compression of gases; liquefaction of gases; refrigeration of gases;
critical temperature; the practical significance of flashpoint;
upper and lower explosive limits; auto-ignition temperature; compatibility
of gases; reactivity; polymerization and inhibitors.
- .2 the properties of single liquids including densities of liquids
and vapours; variation with temperature; vapour pressure and temperature;
enthalpy; vaporization and boiling liquids; and
- .3 the nature and properties of solutions including the solubility
of gases in liquids; miscibility between liquids and effects of
temperature change; densities of solutions and dependence on temperature
and concentration; effects of dissolved substances on melting and
boiling points; hydrates, their formation and dispersion; hygroscopicity;
drying of air and other gases; dew point and low temperature effects.
Health hazards
- 27 Familiarization with health hazards relevant to the carriage
of liquefied gas covering:
- .1 toxicity including the modes by which liquefied gases and
their vapours may be toxic; the toxic properties of inhibitors and
of products of combustion of both materials of construction and
of liquefied gases carried; acute and chronic effects of toxicity,
systemic poisons and irritants; and the Threshold Limiting Value
(TLV);
- .2 hazards of skin contact, inhalation and ingestion; and .3
medical first aid and administering of antidotes.
Cargo containment
- 28 Principles of containment systems; rules; surveys; tank construction,
materials, coatings, insulation and compatibility.
Pollution
- 29 Hazards to human life and to the marine environment; the effect
of specific gravity and solubility; danger from vapour cloud drift and
the jettisoning of cryogenic liquids.
Cargo handling systems
- 30 A description of the main types of pumps and pumping arrangements
and vapour return systems, piping systems and valves; an explanation
of pressure, vacuum, suction, flow, head; filters and strainers; expansion
devices; flame screens; commonly used inert gases; storage, generation
and distribution systems; temperature and pressure monitoring systems;
cargo vent systems; liquid re-circulation and re-liquefaction systems;
cargo gauging, instrumentation systems and alarms; gas detection and
monitoring systems; CO2 monitoring systems; cargo boil-off systems and
auxiliary systems.
Ship operating procedures
- 31 Loading and discharging preparations and procedures; check lists;
cargo condition maintenance on passage and in harbour; segregation of
cargoes and procedures for cargo transfer; changing cargoes, tank cleaning
procedures; cargo sampling; ballasting and de-ballasting; warm up and
gas-freeing procedures; and procedures for cool-down of a gas-free system
from ambient temperature and the safety precautions involved.
Safety practices and equipment
- 32 The function, calibration and use of portable measuring instruments;
fire-fighting equipment and procedures; breathing apparatus; resuscitators;
escape sets; rescue equipment; protective clothing and equipment; entry
into enclosed spaces; precautions to be observed before and during repair
and maintenance of cargo and control systems; supervision of personnel
during potentially hazardous operations; types and principles of certified
safe electrical equipment and sources of ignition.
Emergency procedures
- 33 The importance of developing ship emergency plans; emergency
shutdown of cargo operations; emergency cargo valve closing systems;
action to be taken in the event of failure of systems or services essential
to cargo; and action to be taken following collision or stranding, spillage
and envelopment of the ship in toxic or flammable vapour.
General principles of cargo operations
- 34 Inerting cargo tank and void spaces; tank cool down and loading;
operations during loaded and ballasted voyages; discharging and tank
stripping and emergency procedures, including pre-planned action in
the event of leaks, fire, collision, stranding, emergency cargo discharge
and personnel casualty.
Section A-V/2 (back
to top)
Crowd management training
- 1 The crowd management training required by regulation V/2, paragraph
4 for personnel designated on muster lists to assist passengers in emergency
situations shall include, but not necessarily be limited to:
- .1 awareness of life-saving appliance and control plans including:
- .1.1 knowledge of muster lists and emergency instructions,
- .1.2 knowledge of the emergency exits, and
- .1.3 restrictions on the use of elevators;
- .2 the ability to assist passengers en route to muster and embarkation
stations including:
- .2.1 the ability to give clear reassuring orders,
- .2.2 the control of passengers in corridors, staircases
and passage ways,
- .2.3 maintaining escape routes clear of obstructions,
- .2.4 methods available for evacuation of disabled persons
and persons needing special assistance, and
- .2.5 search of accommodation spaces;
- .3 mustering procedures including:
- .3.1 the importance of keeping order,
- .3.2 the ability to use procedures for reducing and avoiding
panic,
- .3.3 the ability to use, where appropriate, passenger lists
for evacuation counts, and
- .3.4 the ability to ensure that the passengers are suitably
clothed and have donned their lifejackets correctly.
Familiarization training
- 2 The familiarization training required by regulation V/2, paragraph
5 shall at least ensure attainment of the abilities that are appropriate
to the capacity to be filled and the duties and responsibilities to
be taken up, as follows:
Design and operational limitations
- .1 Ability to properly understand and observe any operational limitations
imposed on the ship, and to understand and apply performance restrictions,
including speed limitations in adverse weather, which are intended to
maintain the safety of life, ship and cargo. .2 Ability to apply properly
the procedures established for the ship regarding the opening, closing
and securing of bow, stern, and side doors and ramps and to correctly
operate the related systems.
Legislation, codes and agreements affecting ro-ro passenger
ships
- .3 Ability to understand and apply international and national requirements
for ro-ro passenger ships relevant to the ship concerned and the duties
to be performed.
Stability and stress requirements and limitations
- .4 Ability to take proper account of stress limitations for sensitive
parts of the ship such as bow doors and other closing devices that maintain
watertight integrity and of special stability considerations which may
affect the safety of ro-ro passenger ships.
Loading and cargo securing manuals and calculators
- .6 Ability to make proper use of the loading and securing manuals
in respect of all types of vehicles and rail cars where applicable,
and to calculate and apply stress limitations for vehicle decks.
Loading and cargo securing manuals and calculators
- .6 Ability to make proper use of the loading and securing manuals
in respect of all types of vehicles and rail cars where applicable,
and to calculate and apply stress limitations for vehicle decks.
Dangerous cargo areas
- .7 Ability to ensure proper observance of special precautions and
limitations applying to designated dangerous cargo areas.
Emergency procedures
- .8 Ability to ensure proper application of any special procedures to:
- .8.1 prevent or reduce the ingress of water on vehicle decks,
- .8.2
remove water from vehicle decks, and
- .8.3 minimize effects of water
on vehicle decks.
Safety training for personnel providing direct service to
passengers in passenger spaces
- 3 The additional safety training required by regulation V/2, paragraph
6, shall at least ensure attainment of the abilities as follows:
Communication
- .1 Ability to communicate with passengers during an emergency, taking into account:
- .1.1 the language or languages appropriate to the principal
nationalities of passengers carried on the particular route,
- .1.2 the
likelihood that an ability to use an elementary English vocabulary for
basic instructions can provide a means of communicating with a passenger
in need of assistance whether or not the passenger and crew member share
a common language,
- .1.3 the possible need to communicate during an emergency
by some other means such as by demonstration, or hand signals, or calling
attention to the location of instructions, muster stations, life-saving
devices or evacuation routes, when oral communication is impractical,
- .1.4 the extent to which complete safety instructions have been provided
to passengers in their native language or languages, and
- .1.5 the languages
in which emergency announcements may be broadcast during an emergency
or drill to convey critical guidance to passengers and to facilitate
crew members in assisting passengers.
Life-saving appliances
- .2 Ability to demonstrate to passengers the use of personal life-saving
appliances.
Passenger safety, cargo safety and hull integrity training
- 4 The passenger safety, cargo safety and hull integrity training
required by regulation V/2, paragraph 7, for masters, chief mates, chief
engineer officers, second engineer officers and persons assigned immediate
responsibility for embarking and disembarking passengers loading, discharging
or securing cargo or for closing hull openings, shall at least ensure
attainment of the abilities that are appropriate to their duties and
responsibilities as follows:
Loading and embarkation procedures
- .1 Ability to apply properly the procedures established for the ship regarding :
- .1.1 loading and discharging vehicles, rail cars and
other cargo transport units, including related communications,
- .1.2
lowering and hoisting ramps,
- .1.3 setting up and stowing retractable
vehicle decks, and
- .1.4 embarking and disembarking passengers with special
attention to disabled persons and persons needing assistance.
Carriage of dangerous goods
- .2 Ability to apply any special safeguards, procedures and requirements
regarding the carriage of dangerous goods on board ro-ro passenger ships.
Securing cargoes
- .3 Ability to:
- .3.1 apply correctly the provisions of the Code of
Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing to the vehicles, rail cars
and other cargo transport units carried; and
- .3.2 use properly the cargo
securing equipment and materials provided, taking into account their
limitations.
Stability, trim and stress calculations
- .4 Ability to:
- .4.1 make proper use of the stability and stress
information provided,
- .4.2 calculate stability and trim for different
conditions of loading using the stability calculators or computer programmes
provided
- .4.3 calculate load factors for decks, and
- .4.4 calculate the
impact of ballast and fuel transfers on stability, trim and stress.
Opening, closing and securing hull openings
- .5 Ability to:
- .5.1 apply properly the procedures established for
the ship regarding the opening, closing and securing of bow, stern and
side doors and ramps and to correctly operate the associated systems,
and
- .5.2 conduct surveys on proper sealing.
Ro-ro deck atmosphere
- .6 Ability to:
- .6.1 use equipment, where carried, to monitor atmosphere
in ro-ro cargo spaces, and
- .6.2 apply properly the procedures established
for the ship for ventilation of ro-ro cargo spaces during loading and
discharging of vehicles, while on voyage and in emergencies.
Crisis management and human behavior training
- 5 The crisis management and human behavior training required by
regulation V/2, paragraph 8, for masters, chief mates, chief engineer
officers, second engineer officers and any person having responsibility
for the safety of passengers in emergency situations shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration based on standards developed by the
Organization.
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