Section A-II/1 (back to top)
Mandatory minimum requirements for certification of officers in charge of a navigational watch on ships of 500 gross tonnage or more
Standard of competence
On-board training
Near-coastal voyages
Table A-II/1
Specification of minimum standard of competence for officers in charge of a navigational watch on ships of 500 gross tonnage or more
Function: Navigation at the operational level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
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Plan and conduct a passage and determine position | Celestial Navigation Ability to use celestial bodies to determine the ship's position Terrestrial and Coastal Navigation Ability to determine the ship's position by use of: .1 landmarks .2 aids to navigation, including lighthouses, beacons and buoys .3 dead reckoning, taking into account winds, tides, currents and estimated speed Thorough knowledge of and ability to use navigational charts and publications, such as sailing directions, tide tables, notices to mariners, radio navigational warnings and ships' routing information NOTE: ECDIS systems are considered to be included under the term "charts" |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from
one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training using: chart catalogues, charts, navigational publications, radio navigational warnings, sextant, azimuth mirror, electronic navigation equipment, echo sounding equipment, compass |
The information obtained from navigational charts and publications
is relevant, interpreted correctly and properly applied. All
potential navigational hazards are accurately identified The primary method of fixing the ship's position is the most appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions The position is determined within the limits of acceptable instrument/system errors The reliability of the information obtained from the primary method of position fixing is checked at appropriate intervals Calculations and measurements of navigational information are accurate The charts selected are the largest scale suitable for the area of navigation and charts and publications are corrected in accordance with the latest information available |
Plan and conduct a passage and determine position (continued) | Electronic systems of position fixing and
navigation Ability to determine the ship's position by use of electronic navigational aids Echo sounders Ability to operate the equipment and apply the information correctly Compass - magnetic and gyro Knowledge of the principles of magnetic and gyro compasses Ability to determine errors of the magnetic and gyro compasses, using celestial and terrestrial means, and to allow for such errors Steering control systems Knowledge of steering control systems, operational procedures and change-over from manual to automatic control and vice-versa. Adjustment of controls for optimum performance Meteorology Ability to use and interpret information obtained from shipborne meteorological instruments Knowledge of the characteristics of the various weather systems, reporting procedures and recording systems Ability to apply the meteorological information available |
Performance checks and tests to navigation systems
comply with manufacturer's recommendations and good navigational
practice Errors in magnetic and gyro compasses are determined and correctly applied to courses and bearings The selection of the mode of steering is the most suitable for the prevailing weather, sea and traffic conditions and intended maneuvers Measurements and observations of weather conditions are accurate and appropriate to the passage Meteorological information is correctly interpreted and applied |
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COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maintain a safe navigational watch | Watchkeeping Thorough knowledge of the content, application and intent of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea Thorough knowledge of the basic principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch Thorough knowledge of effective bridge team work procedures The use of routing in accordance with the General Provisionson Ships' Routing |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained
from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience; .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training |
The conduct, hand over and relief of the watch
conforms with accepted principles and procedures A proper lookout is maintained at all times and in such a way as to conform to accepted principles and procedures Lights, shapes and sound signals conform with the requirements contained in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea and are correctly recognized The frequency and extent of monitoring of traffic, the ship and the environment conform with accepted principles and procedures A proper record is maintained of the movements and activities relating to the navigation of the ship Responsibility for the safety of navigation is clearly defined at all times, including periods when the master is on the bridge and while under pilotage |
Use of radar and ARPA to maintain safety of
navigation Note: Training and assessment in the use of ARPA is not required for those who serve exclusively on ships not fitted with ARPA. This limitation shall be reflected in the endorsement issued to the seafarer concerned. |
Radar Navigation Knowledge of the fundamentals of radar and automatic radar plotting aids (ARPA) Ability to operate and to interpret and analyze information obtained from radar, including the following: |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved radar simulator and ARPA simulator training plus in-service experience | Information obtained from radar and ARPA is correctly interpreted and analyzed taking into account the limitations of the equipment and prevailing circumstances and conditions |
Use of radar and ARPA to maintain safety of
navigation (continued) Note: Training and assessment in the use of ARPA is not required for those who serve exclusively on ships not fitted with ARPA. This limitation shall be reflected in the endorsement issued to the seafarer concerned. |
Performance including: .1 factors affecting performance and accuracy .2 setting up and maintaining displays .3 detection and misrepresentation of information, false echoes, sea return, etc., racons and SARTs Use including: .1 range and bearing; course and speed of other ships; time and distance of closest approach of crossing, meeting overtaking ships .2 identification of critical echoes; detecting course and speed changes of other ships; effect of changes in own ship's course or speed or both |
Action taken to avoid a close encounter or
collision with other vessels is in accordance with the International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea Decisions to amend course and/or speed are both timely and in accordance with accepted navigation practice Adjustments made to the ship's course and speed maintain safety of navigation Communication is clear, concise and acknowledged at all times in a seamanlike manner Manoeuvring signals are made at the appropriate time and are in accordance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea |
|
Use of radar and ARPA to maintain safety of
navigation (continued) Note: Training and assessment in the use of ARPA is not required for those who serve exclusively on ships not fitted with ARPA. This limitation shall be reflected in the endorsement issued to the seafarer concerned. |
.3 application of the International Regulations
for Preventing Collisions at Sea .4 plotting techniques and relative and true motion concepts .5 parallel indexing Principal types of ARPA, their display characteristics, performance standards and the dangers of over reliance on ARPA Ability to operate and to interpret and analyse information obtained from ARPA, including: .1 system performance and accuracy, tracking capabilities and limitations, and processing delays .2 use of operational warnings and system tests .3 methods of target acquisition and their limitations .4 true and relative vectors, graphic representation of target information and danger areas .5 deriving and analyzing information, critical echoes, exclusion areas and trial maneuvers |
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COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Respond to emergencies | Emergency procedures Precautions for the protection and safety of passengers in emergency situations Initial action to be taken following a collision or a grounding; initial damage assessment and control Appreciation of the procedures to be followed for rescuing persons from the sea, assisting a ship in distress, responding to emergencies which arise in port |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained
from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 practical training |
The type and scale of the emergency is promptly
identified Initial actions and, if appropriate, maneuvering of the ship are in accordance with contingency plans and are appropriate to the urgency of the situation and nature of the emergency |
Respond to a distress signal at sea | Search and rescue Knowledge of the contents of the IMO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual (MERSAR) |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction or approved simulator training, where appropriate | The distress or emergency signal is immediately
recognized Contingency plans and instructions in standing orders are implemented and complied with |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Use the Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary as replaced by the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases and use English in written and oral form | English language Adequate knowledge of the English language to enable the officer to use charts and other nautical publications, to understand meteorological information and messages concerning ship's safety and operation, to communicate with other ships and coast stations and to perform the officer's duties also with a multi-lingual crew, including the ability to use and understand the Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary as replaced by the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction | English language navigational publications and
messages relevant to the safety of the ship are correctly
interpreted or drafted Communications are clear and understood |
Transmit and receive information by visual signaling | Visual signaling Ability to transmit and receive signals by Morse light Ability to use the International Code of Signals |
Assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction | Communications within the operator's area of responsibility are consistently successful |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maneuver the ship | Ship maneuvering and handling Knowledge of: .1 the effects of deadweight, draught, trim, speed and under-keel clearance on turning circles and stopping distances .2 the effects of wind and current on ship handling .3 maneuvers and procedures for the rescue of person overboard .4 squat, shallow water and similar effects .5 proper procedures for anchoring and mooring |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained
from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved training on a manned scale ship model where appropriate |
Safe operating limits of ship propulsion, steering
and power systems are not exceeded in normal maneuvers Adjustments made to the ship's course and speed maintain safety of navigation |
Function: Cargo handling and stowage at the operational level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Monitor the loading, stowage, securing and unloading of cargoes and their care during the voyage | Cargo handling and stowage Cargo handling, stowage and securing Knowledge of the effect of cargo including heavy lifts on the seaworthiness and stability of the ship Knowledge of safe handling, stowage and securing of cargoes including dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes and their effect on the safety of life and of the ship |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Cargo operations are carried out in accordance with the cargo plan
or other documents and established safety rules/regulations,
equipment operating instructions and shipboard stowage limitations
|
Function: Controlling the operation of the ship and care for persons on board at the operational level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Ensure compliance with pollution prevention requirements | Prevention of pollution of the marine environment
and anti-pollution procedures Knowledge of the precautions to be taken to prevent pollution of the marine environment Anti-pollution procedures and all associated equipment |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained
from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience |
Procedures for monitoring shipboard operations and ensuring compliance with MARPOL requirements are fully observed |
Maintain seaworthiness of the ship | Ship stability Working knowledge and application of stability, trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress calculating equipment Understanding of fundamental actions to be taken in the event of partial loss of intact buoyancy Understanding of the fundamentals of watertight integrity Ship construction General knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship and the proper names for the various parts |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained
from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training |
The stability conditions comply with the IMO
intact stability criteria under all conditions of loading Actions to ensure and maintain the watertight integrity of the ship are in accordance with accepted practice |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Prevent, control and fight fires on board | Fire prevention and fire-fighting appliances Knowledge of fire prevention Ability to organize fire drills Knowledge of classes and chemistry of fire Knowledge of fire-fighting systems Knowledge of action to be taken in the event of fire, including fires involving oil systems |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved fire-fighting training and experience as set out in section A-VI/3 | The type and scale of the problem is promptly
identified and initial actions conform with the emergency procedure
and contingency plans for the ship Evacuation, emergency shut-down and isolation procedures are appropriate to the nature of the emergency and are implemented promptly The order of priority, and the levels and timescales of making reports and informing personnel on board, are relevant to the nature of the emergency and reflect the urgency of the problem |
Operate life-saving appliances | Life-saving Ability to organize abandon ship drills and knowledge of the operation of survival craft and rescue boats, their launching appliances and arrangements, and their equipment including radio life-saving appliances, satellite EPIRBs, SARTs, immersion suits and thermal protective aids. Knowledge of survival at sea techniques |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved training and experience as set out in section A-VI/2, paragraphs 1 to 4 | Actions in responding to abandon ship and survival situations are appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions and comply with accepted safety practices and standards |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Apply medical first aid on board ship | Medical aid Practical application of medical guides and advice by radio, including the ability to take effective action based on such knowledge in the case of accidents or illnesses that are likely to occur on board ship |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved training as set out in section A-VI/4, paragraphs 1 to 3 | The identification of probable cause, nature and extent of injuries or conditions is prompt and treatment minimizes immediate threat to life |
Monitor compliance with legislative requirements | Basic working knowledge of the relevant IMO Conventions concerning safety of life at sea and protection of the marine environment | Assessment of evidence obtained from examination or approved training | Legislative requirements relating to safety of life at sea and protection of the marine environment are correctly identified |
Section A-II/2 (back to top)
Mandatory minimum requirements for certification of masters and chief mates on ships of 500 gross tonnage or more
Standard of competence
Near-coastal voyages
Table A-II/2
Specification of minimum standard of competence for masters and chief mates on ships of 500 gross tonnage or more
Function: Navigation at the management level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Plan a voyage and conduct navigation | Voyage planning and navigation for all
conditions by acceptable methods of plotting ocean tracks taking
into account, e.g.: .1 restricted waters .2 meteorological conditions .3 ice .4 restricted visibility .5 traffic separation schemes .6 areas of extensive tidal effects Routing in accordance with the General Principleson Ships' Routing Reporting in accordance with the Guidelines and Criteria for Ship Reporting Systems |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved laboratory equipment training using: chart catalogues, charts, nautical publications and ship particulars. |
The equipment, charts and nautical
publications required for the voyage are enumerated and appropriate
to the safe conduct of the voyage. The reasons for the planned route are supported by facts and statistical data obtained from relevant sources and publications. Positions, courses, distances and time calculations are correct within accepted accuracy standards for navigational equipment. All potential navigational hazards are accurately identified. |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Determine position and the accuracy of resultant position fix by any means | Position determination in all
conditions: .1 by celestial observations .2 by terrestrial observations, including the ability to use appropriate charts, notices to mariners and other publications to assess the accuracy of the resulting position fix .3 using modern electronic navigational aids, with specific knowledge of their operating principles, limitations, sources of error, detection of misrepresentation of information and methods of correction to obtain accurate position fixing |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved laboratory equipment training using: .1 charts, nautical almanac, plotting sheets, chronometer, sextant and a calculator .2 charts, navigational publications and instruments (azimuth mirror, sextant, log, sounding equipment, compass) and manufacturers' manuals .3 radar, Decca, Loran, satellite navigation systems and appropriate navigational charts and publications. |
The primary method chosen for fixing
the ship's position is the most appropriate to the prevailing
circumstances and conditions The fix obtained by celestial observations is within acccepted accuracy levels The fix obtained by terrestrial observations is within accepted accuracy levels The accuracy of the resulting fix is properly assessed The fix obtained by the use of electronic navigational aids is within the accuracy standards of the systems in use. The possible errors affecting the accuracy of the resulting position are stated and methods of minimizing the effects of system errors on the resulting position are properly applied |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Determine and allow for compass errors | Ability to determine and allow for
errors of the magnetic and gyro-compasses Knowledge of the principles of magnetic and gyro-compasses An understanding of systems under the control of the master gyro and a knowledge of the operation and care of the main types of gyro-compass |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved laboratory equipment training using: celestial observations, terrestrial bearings and comparison between magnetic and gyro-compasses |
The method and frequency of checks for errors of magnetic and gyro-compasses ensures accuracy of information |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Co-ordinate search and rescue operations | A thorough knowledge of and ability to apply the procedures contained in the IMO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual (MERSAR) | Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved laboratory equipment training using: relevant publications, charts, meteorological data, particulars of ships involved, radiocommunication equipment and other available facilities and one or more of the following: .1 approved SAR training course .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved laboratory equipment training |
The plan for co-ordinating search and
rescue operations is in accordance with international guidelines and
standards Radiocommunications are established and correct communication procedures are followed at all stages of the search and rescue operations |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Establish watchkeeping arrangements and procedures | Thorough knowledge of content,
application and intent of the International Regulations for
Preventing Collisions at Sea Thorough knowledge of the content, application and intent of the Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Navigational Watch. Effective bridge teamwork procedures |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Watchkeeping arrangements and procedures are established and maintained in compliance with international regulations and guidelines so as to ensure the safety of navigation, protection of the marine environment and safety of the ship and persons on board. |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maintain safe navigation through the
use of radar and ARPA and modern navigation systems to assist
command decision-making Note: Training and assessment in the use of ARPA is not required for those who serve exclusively on ships not fitted with ARPA. This limitation shall be reflected in the endorsement issued to the seafarer concerned. |
An appreciation of system errors and
thorough understanding of the operational aspects of modern
navigational systems, including radar and ARPA Blind pilotage techniques Evaluation of navigational information derived from all sources, including radar and ARPA, in order to make and implement command decisions for collision avoidance and for directing the safe navigation of the ship The inter-relationship and optimum use of all navigational data available for conducting navigation. |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved radar simulator and ARPA simulator training | Information obtained from radar and
ARPA is correctly interpreted and analyzed taking into account the
limitations of the equipment and prevailing circumstances and
conditions. Action taken to avoid a close encounter or collision with another vessel is in accordance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Forecast weather and oceanographic conditions | Ability to understand and interpret a
synoptic chart and to forecast area weather, taking into account
local weather conditions and information received by weather fax Knowledge of the characteristics of various weather systems, including tropical revolving storms and avoidance of storm centers and the dangerous quadrants Knowledge of ocean current systems Ability to calculate tidal conditions Use all appropriate navigational publications on tides and currents |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved laboratory equipment training |
The likely weather conditions
predicted for a determined period are based on all available
information Actions taken to maintain safety of navigation minimize any risk to safety of the ship Reasons for intended action are backed by statistical data and observations of the actual weather conditions |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Respond to navigational emergencies | Precautions when beaching a ship Action to be taken if grounding is imminent, and after grounding Refloating a grounded ship with and without assistance Action to be taken if collision is imminent and following a collision or impairment of the watertight integrity of the hull by any cause Assessment of damage control Emergency steering Emergency towing arrangements and towing procedures |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction, in-service experience and practical drills in emergency procedures | The type and scale of any problem is
promptly identified and decisions and actions minimize the effects
of any malfunction of the ship's systems Communications are effective and comply with established procedures Decisions and actions maximize safety of persons on board |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maneuver and handle a ship in all conditions | Maneuvering and handling a ship in all
conditions, including: .1 maneuvers when approaching pilot stations and embarking or disembarking pilots with due regard to weather, tide, headreach and stopping distances .2 handling ship in rivers, estuaries and restricted waters, having regard to the effects of current, wind and restricted water on helm response .3 application of constant rate of turn techniques .4 maneuvering in shallow water, including the reduction in under-keel clearance caused by squat, rolling and pitching .5 interaction between passing ships and between own ship and nearby banks (canal effect) .6 berthing and unberthing under various conditions of wind, tide and current with and without tugs .7 ship and tug interaction .8 use of propulsion and maneuvering systems |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate .3 approved manned scale ship model, where appropriate |
All decisions concerning berthing and
anchoring are based on a proper assessment of the ship's maneuvering
and engine characteristics and the forces to be expected while
berthed alongside or lying at anchor While underway, a full assessment is made of possible effects of shallow and restricted waters, ice, banks, tidal conditions, passing ships and own ship's bow and stern wave so that the ship can be safely maneuvered under various conditions of loading and weather |
Maneuver and handle a ship in all conditions (continued) | .9 choice of anchorage; anchoring with
one or two anchors in limited anchorages and factors involved in
determining the length of anchor cable to be used .10 dragging anchor; clearing fouled anchors .11 dry-docking, both with and without damage .12 management and handling of ships in heavy weather, including assisting a ship or aircraft in distress; towing operations; means of keeping an unmanageable ship out of trough of the sea, lessening drift and use of oil .13 precautions in maneuvering to launch rescue boats or survival craft in bad weather .14 methods of taking on board survivors from rescue boats and survival craft .15 ability to determine the maneuvering and propulsion characteristics of common types of ships with special reference to stopping distances and turning circles at various draughts and speeds |
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Maneuver and handle a ship in all conditions (continued) | .16 importance of navigating at
reduced speed to avoid damage caused by own ship's bow wave and
stern wave .17 practical measures to be taken when navigating in or near ice or in conditions of ice accumulation on board .18 use of, and maneuvering in and near, traffic separation schemes and in vessel traffic service(VTS) areas |
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Operate remote controls of propulsion plant and engineering systems and services | Operating principles of marine power
plants Ships' auxiliary machinery General knowledge of marine engineering terms |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training where appropriate |
Plant, auxiliary machinery and equipment is operated in accordance with technical specifications and within safe operating limits at all times |
Function: Cargo handling and stowage at the management level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Plan and ensure safe loading, stowage, securing, care during the voyage and unloading of cargoes | Knowledge of and ability to apply
relevant international regulations, codes and standards concerning
the safe handling, stowage, securing and transport of cargoes Knowledge of the effect on trim and stability of cargoes and cargo operations Use of stability and trim diagrams and stress calculating equipment, including automatic data-based (ADB) equipment and knowledge of loading cargoes and ballasting in order to keep hull stress within acceptable limits Stowage and securing of cargoes on board ships, including cargo handling gear and securing and lashing equipment Loading and unloading operations, with special regard to the transport of cargoes identified in the Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing General knowledge of tankers and tanker operations |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training, where appropriate using: stability, trim and stress tables, diagrams and stress calculating equipment. |
The frequency and extent of cargo
condition monitoring is appropriate to its nature and prevailing
conditions. Unacceptable or unforeseen variations in the condition or specification of the cargo is promptly recognized and remedial action is immediately taken and designed to safeguard the safety of the ship and those on board. Cargo operations are planned and executed in accordance with established procedures and legislative requirements Stowage and securing of cargoes ensures that stability and stress conditions remain within safe limits at all times during the voyage |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Carriage of dangerous cargoes | International regulations, standards,
codes and recommendations on the carriage of dangerous cargoes,
including the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code and
the Code of Safe Practice for Solid Bulk Cargoes (BC Code) Carriage of dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes; precautions during loading and unloading and care during the voyage |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved simulator training where appropriate .3 approved specialist training |
Planned distribution of cargo is based
on reliable information and is in accordance with established
guidelines and legislative requirements Information on dangers, hazards and special requirements is recorded in a format suitable for easy reference in the event of an incident |
Function: Controlling the operation of the ship and care for persons on board at the management level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Control trim, stability and stress | Understanding of fundamental
principles of ship construction and theories and factors affecting
trim and stability and measures necessary to preserve trim and
stability Knowledge of the effect on trim and stability of a ship in the event of damage to and consequent flooding of a compartment and counter measures to be taken Knowledge of IMO recommendations concerning ship stability Use of stability and trim diagrams and stress calculating equipment, including automatic data-based (ADB) equipment and knowledge of loading cargoes and ballasting in order to keep hull stress within acceptable limits Stowage and securing of cargoes on board ships, including cargo handling gear and securing and lashing equipment Loading and unloading operations, with special regard to the transport of cargoes identified in the Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage and Securing General knowledge of tankers and tanker operations |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Stability and stress conditions are maintained within safe limits at all times |
Monitor and control compliance with legislative requirements and measures to ensure safety of life at sea and the protection of the marine environment | Knowledge of international maritime
law embodied in international agreements and conventions Regard shall be paid especially to the following subjects: .1 certificates and other documents required to be carried on board ships by international conventions, how they may be obtained and their period of validity |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Procedures for monitoring operations
and maintenance comply with legislative requirements Potential non-compliance is promptly and fully identified Planned renewal and extension of certificates ensures continued validity of surveyed items and equipment |
Monitor and control compliance with legislative requirements and measures to ensure safety of life at sea and the protection of the marine environment (continued) | .2 responsibilities under the relevant
requirements of the International Convention on Load Lines .3 responsibilities under the relevant requirements of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea .4 responsibilities under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships .5 maritime declarations of health and the requirements of the International Health Regulations .6 responsibilities under international instruments affecting the safety of the ship, passengers, crew and cargo .7 methods and aids to prevent pollution of the marine environment by ships .8 national legislation for implementing international agreements and conventions |
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COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maintain safety and security of the ship's crew and passengers and the operational condition of life-saving, fire-fighting and other safety systems | A thorough knowledge of life-saving
appliance regulations (International Convention for the Safety of
Life at Sea) Organization of fire and abandon ship drills Maintenance of operational condition of life-saving, fire-fighting and other safety systems Actions to be taken to protect and safeguard all persons on board in emergencies Actions to limit damage and salve the ship following a fire, explosion, collision or grounding |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction and approved in-service training and experience | Procedures for monitoring fire detection and safety systems ensure that all alarms are detected promptly and acted upon in accordance with established emergency procedures |
Develop emergency and damage control plans and handle emergency situations | Preparation of contingency plans for
response to emergencies Ship construction, including damage control Methods and aids for fire prevention, detection and extinction Functions and use of life-saving appliances |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from approved in-service training and experience | Emergency procedures are in accordance with the established plans for emergency situations |
Organize and manage the crew | A knowledge of personnel management,
organization and training on board ship A knowledge of related international maritime conventions and recommendations, and national legislation |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from approved in-service training and experience | The crew are allocated duties and
informed of expected standards of work and behavior in a manner
appropriate to the individuals concerned Training objectives and activities are based on an assessment of current competence and capabilities and operational requirements |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Organize and manage the provision of medical care on board | A thorough knowledge* of the use and
contents of the following publications: .1 International Medical Guide for Ships or equivalent national publications .2 Medical section of the International Code of Signals .3 Medical First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from approved training | Action taken and procedures followed correctly apply and make full use of advice available. |
Section A-II/3 (back to top)
Mandatory minimum requirements for certification of officers in charge of a navigational watch and of masters on ships of less than 500 gross tonnage, engaged on near-coastal voyages
Officer in charge of a navigational watch
Standard of competence
Special training
Master
Table A-II/2
Specification of minimum standard of competence for masters and chief mates on ships of 500 gross tonnage or more
Function: Navigation at the management level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Plan and conduct a coastal passage and determine position | Navigation Ability to determine the ship's position by the use of: .1 landmarks .2 aids to navigation, including lighthouses, beacons and buoys .3 dead reckoning, taking into account winds, tides, currents and estimated speed |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training using: chart catalogues, charts, navigational publications, radio navigational warnings, sextant, azimuth mirror, electronic navigation equipment, echo sounding equipment, compass |
Information obtained from navigational
charts and publications is relevant, interpreted correctly and
properly applied The primary method of fixing the ship's position is the most appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions The position is determined within the limits of acceptable instrument/system errors The reliability of the information obtained from the primary method of position fixing is checked at appropriate intervals Calculations and measurements of navigational information are accurate |
Plan and conduct a coastal passage and determine position (continued) | Thorough knowledge of and ability to
use navigational charts and publications, such as sailing
directions, tide tables, notices to mariners, radio navigational
warnings and ships' routeing information Reporting in accordance with the Guidelines and Criteria for Ship Reporting Systems Note: This item only required for certification as master Navigational aids and equipment Ability to operate safely and determine the ship's position by use of all navigational aids and equipment commonly fitted on board the ships concerned Compasses Knowledge of the errors and corrections of magnetic compasses Ability to determine errors of the compass using terrestrial means, and to allow for such errors |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved radar navigation and ARPA simulator training | Charts and publications selected are
the largest scale on board suitable for the area of navigation and
charts are corrected in accordance with the latest information
available Performance checks and tests of navigation systems comply with manufacturer's recommendations, good navigational practice and IMO resolutions on performance standards for navigational equipment Interpretation and analysis of information obtained from radar is in accordance with accepted navigational practice and takes account of the limits and accuracy levels of radar. Errors in magnetic compasses are determined and applied correctly to courses and bearings |
Plan and conduct a coastal passage and determine position (continued) | Automatic pilot Knowledge of automatic pilot systems and procedures; change-over from manual to automatic control and vice-versa; adjustment of controls for optimum performance Meteorology Ability to use and interpret information obtained from shipborne meteorological instruments Knowledge of the characteristics of the various weather systems, reporting procedures and recording systems Ability to apply the meteorological information available |
Selection of the mode of steering is
the most suitable for prevailing weather, sea and traffic conditions
and intended maneuvers Measurements and observations of weather conditions are accurate and appropriate to the passage Meteorological information is evaluated and applied to maintain the safe passage of the vessel |
|
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maintain a safe navigational watch | Watchkeeping Thorough knowledge of content, application and intent of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea Knowledge of content of the Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Navigational Watch Use of routing in accordance with the General Provisions on Ships' Routing |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training |
The conduct, handover and relief of
the watch conforms with accepted principles and procedures A proper lookout is maintained at all times and in conformity with accepted principles and procedures Lights, shapes and sound signals conform with the requirements contained in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea and are correctly recognized The frequency and extent of monitoring of traffic, the ship and the environment conforms with accepted principles and procedures |
Maintain a safe navigational watch (continued) | Action to avoid close encounters and
collision with other vessels is in accordance with the International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. Decisions to adjust course and/or speed are both timely and in accordance with accepted navigation procedures A proper record is maintained of movements and activities relating to the navigation of the ship Responsibility for safe navigation is clearly defined at all times, including periods when the Master is on the bridge and when under pilotage |
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Respond to emergencies | Emergency procedures including: .1 precautions for the protection and safety of passengers in emergency situations .2 initial assessment of damage and damage control .3 action to be taken following a collision .4 action to be taken following a grounding |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 practical instruction |
The type and scale of the emergency is
promptly identified Initial actions and, if appropriate, maneuvering, are in accordance with contingency plans and are appropriate to the urgency of the situation and the nature of the emergency |
Respond to emergencies (continued) | In addition, the following material
should be included for certification as master: .1 emergency steering .2 arrangements for towing and for being taken in tow .3 rescuing persons from the sea .4 assisting a vessel in distress .5 appreciation of the action to be taken when emergencies arise in port |
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Respond to a distress signal at sea | Search and rescue Knowledge of the contents of the IMO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual (MERSAR) |
Examination and assessment of evidence obtained from practical instruction or approved simulator training, where appropriate | The distress or emergency signal is
immediately recognized Contingency plans and instructions in standing orders are implemented and complied with |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Maneuver the ship and operate small ship power plants | Ship maneuvering and handling Knowledge of factors affecting safe maneuvering and handling The operation of small ship power plants and auxiliaries Proper procedures for anchoring and mooring |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Safe operating limits of ship
propulsion, steering and power systems are not exceeded in normal
manoeuvres Adjustments made to the ship's course and speed maintain safety of navigation Plant, auxiliary machinery and equipment is operated in accordance with technical specifications and within safe operating limits at all times |
Function: Cargo handling and stowage at the operational level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Monitor the loading, stowage, securing and unloading of cargoes and their care during the voyage | Cargo handling, stowage and securing
Knowledge of safe handling, stowage and securing of cargoes including dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes and their effect on the safety of life and of the ship Use of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate |
Cargo operations are carried out in
accordance with the cargo plan or other documents and established
safety rules/regulations, equipment operating instructions and
shipboard stowage limitations The handling of dangerous, hazardous and harmful cargoes complies with international regulations and recognized standards and codes of safe practice |
Function: Controlling the operation of the ship and care for persons on board at the operational level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Ensure compliance with pollution prevention requirements | Prevention of pollution of the marine
environment and anti-pollution procedures Knowledge of the precautions to be taken to prevent pollution of the marine environment and anti-pollution procedures Anti-pollution procedures and all associated equipment |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience |
Procedures for monitoring shipboard operations and ensuring compliance with MARPOL requirements are fully observed |
Maintain seaworthiness of the ship | Ship stability Working knowledge and application of stability, trim and stress tables, and diagrams and stress calculating equipment Understanding of fundamental actions to be taken in the event of partial loss of intact buoyancy Understanding of the fundamentals of watertight integrity Ship construction General knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship and the proper names for the various parts |
Examination and assessment of evidence
obtained from one or more of the following: .1 approved in-service experience .2 approved training ship experience .3 approved simulator training, where appropriate .4 approved laboratory equipment training |
Stability conditions comply with the
IMO intact stability criteria under all conditions of loading Actions to ensure and maintain the watertight integrity of the ship are in accordance with accepted practice |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Prevent, control and fight fires on board | Fire prevention and fire-fighting
appliances Knowledge of fire prevention Ability to organize fire drills Knowledge of classes and chemistry of fire Knowledge of fire-fighting systems Understanding of action to be taken in the event of fire, including fires involving oil systems |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved fire-fighting training and experience as set out in section A-VI/3 | The type and scale of the problem is
promptly identified and initial actions conform with the emergency
procedures and contingency plans for the ship Evacuation, emergency shut down and isolation procedures are appropriate to the nature of the emergency and are implemented promptly. The order of priority, and the levels and time scales of making reports and informing personnel on board, are relevant to the nature of the emergency and reflect the urgency of the problem |
Operate life-saving appliances | Life-saving Ability to organize abandon ship drills and knowledge of the operation of survival craft and rescue boats, their launching appliances and arrangements, and their equipment including radio life-saving appliances, satellite EPIRBs, SARTs, immersion suits and thermal protective aids. Knowledge of survival at sea techniques |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved training and experience as set out in section A-VI/2, paragraphs 1 to 4 | Actions in responding to abandon ship, and survival situations are appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions and comply with accepted safety practices and standards |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Apply medical first aid on board ship | Medical aid Practical application of medical guides and advice by radio, including the ability to take effective action based on such knowledge in the case of accidents or illnesses that are likely to occur on board ship |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved training as set out in section A-VI/4, paragraphs 1 to 3 | The identification of probable cause, nature and extent of injuries or conditions is prompt and treatment minimizes immediate threat to life |
Monitor compliance with legislative requirements | Basic working knowledge of the relevant IMO conventions concerning safety of life at sea and protection of the marine environment | Assessment of evidence obtained from examination or approved training | Legislative requirements relating to safety of life at sea and protection of the marine environment are correctly identified |
Section A-II/4 (back to top)
Mandatory minimum requirements for ratings forming part of a navigational watch
Standard of competence
Table A-II/4
Specification of minimum standard of competence for ratings forming part of a navigational watch
Function: Navigation at the support level
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
---|---|---|---|
Steer the ship and comply with helm orders also in the English language | Use of magnetic and gyro compasses Helm orders Change-over from automatic pilot to hand steering and vice-versa |
Assessment of evidence obtained from:
.1 practical test, or .2 approved in-service experience or approved training ship experience |
A steady course is steered within
acceptable limits having regard to the area of navigation and
prevailing sea state. Alterations of course are smooth and
controlled Communications are clear and concise at all times and orders are acknowledged in a seamanlike manner |
Keep a proper look-out by sight and hearing | Responsibilities of a look-out, including reporting the approximate bearing of a sound signal, light or other object in degrees or points | Assessment of evidence obtained from:
.1 practical test, or .2 approved in-service experience or approved training ship experience |
Sound signals, lights and other objects are promptly detected and their appropriate bearing in degrees or points is reported to the officer of the watch |
COMPETENCE | KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY | METHODS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPETENCE | CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING COMPETENCE |
Contribute to monitoring and controlling a safe watch | Shipboard terms and definitions Use of appropriate internal communication and alarm systems Ability to understand orders and to communicate with the officer of the watch in matters relevant to watchkeeping duties Procedures for the relief, maintenance and hand-over of a watch Information required to maintain a safe watch Basic environmental protection procedures |
Assessment of evidence obtained from approved in-service experience or approved training ship experience | Communications are clear and concise
and advice/clarification is sought from the officer on watch where
watch information or instructions are not clearly understood Maintenance, hand-over and relief of the watch is in conformity with accepted practices and procedures |
Operate emergency equipment and apply emergency procedures | Knowledge of emergency duties and
alarm signals Knowledge of pyrotechnic distress signals; satellite EPIRBs and SARTs Avoidance of false distress alerts and action to be taken in event of accidental activation |
Assessment of evidence obtained from demonstration and approved in-service experience or approved training ship experience | Initial action on becoming aware of an
emergency or abnormal situation is in conformity with established
practices and procedures Communications are clear and concise at all times and orders are acknowledged in a seamanlike manner The integrity of emergency and distress alerting systems is maintained at all times |
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