Interactive Atlas of Reproductive
Health: Reproductive Health Indicators |
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Fetal and Infant Mortality
Subpopulation Definitions
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Infant mortality (IMR) rate—number of
infant deaths per 1,000
live births.
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Neonatal mortality (NMR) rate—number of deaths of infants
less than 28 days old per 1,000 live births.
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Postneonatal mortality (PNR) rate—number of deaths of infants
age 28 days to 1 year per 1,000 live births.
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Perinatal mortality (PMR) rate—the sum of late fetal deaths
plus infant deaths within 7 days of birth divided by the
sum of live births plus late fetal deaths, and stated per
1,000 live births plus late fetal deaths.
Population—all infants born live and late fetal deaths to
residents of the United States and US territories for the selected
time period, geographic area and demographic composition.
Data Source—National Center for Health Statistics.
Note 1:Neonatal deaths are not excluded from the denominator
of the postneonatal mortality rate.
Note 2: Late fetal deaths are defined as gestations of 28
weeks or longer.
Infant Health
Subpopulation Definitions:
- Low birth weight (LBW) rate—number of live born infants
with a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams per 100 live births.
- Very low birth weight (VLB) rate—number of live born
infants with a birth weight of less than 1,500 grams per 100 live
births.
- Preterm delivery (PTD) rate—number of live born infants
with a gestational age at delivery of less than 37 weeks per 100
live births.
Population—all infants born live to residents of the United
States and US territories for the selected time period, geographic area
and demographic composition.
Data Source—National Center for Health Statistics.
Pregnancy Outcomes
Subpopulation Definitions:
- Fertility (LB) rate—number of women who had a live born
infant per 1,000 women.
- Fetal loss (FD) rate—number of women who had a dead born
infant per 100,000 women.
Population—all women aged 10 through 49 years (reproductive
age) who are residents of the United States and US territories for the
selected time period, geographic area and demographic composition.
Data Sources—National Center for Health Statistics and the US
Census.
Note 1: Age group rates for pregnancy outcomes are calculated
with the same age women in both the numerator and denominator with the
following exceptions: (1) the 10–54 age group is calculated with a numerator
of 10–54 and a denominator of 15–44 to more closely match historical
data, and (2) the 40–54 age group is calculated with a numerator of
40–54 and a denominator of 40–49 because most births to women over age
44 are to women age 45–49.
Note 2: Fetal loss is defined as gestations of 22 weeks or
longer.
Maternal Risks
Subpopulation Definitions:
- Smoking ( SMK) Percent—number of women who had a live
birth and smoked tobacco at any time during her pregnancy per 100
women who had a live birth.
- Unmarried (UM) Percent —number of unmarried women who
had live birth per 100 women who had a live birth.
- Educational attainment (EDA) Percent—number of women
who had a live birth and had attained less than a high school education
at the time of delivery per 100 women who had a live birth.
- Multiple gestation (MG) Percent—number of women who had
a live birth and gestation with two or more fetuses per 100 women
who had a live birth.
Population—all women aged 10 through 54 years (reproductive
age) who are residents of the United States and US territories for the
selected time period, geographic area and demographic composition.
Data Sources—National Center for Health Statistics and the US
Census.
Note: Educational attainment for women age 20 years and younger
is defined as more than two years older than
modal age for grade.
Teen Risks
Subpopulation Definitions:
- Educational attainment (EDA) Percent—number of teen women
who had a live birth and who were more than two years older than
expected for grade level per 100 teen women who had a live birth.
- Late/no care—Prenatal care began in the 3rd trimester or
no prenatal care (NPC) Percent: number of teen women who had
a live birth and received no prenatal care or prenatal care was
begun in the third trimester per 100 teen women who had a live birth.
Population—all women aged 10 through 19 years (teens) who
are residents of the United States and US territories for the selected
time period, geographic area and demographic composition.
Data Sources—National Center for Health Statistics and the
U.S. Census.
Maternal Interventions
Subpopulation Definitions:
Population—all women aged 10 through 54 years (reproductive age)
who are residents of the United States and US territories for the selected
time period, geographic area and demographic composition.
Data Sources—National Center for Health Statistics and the US
Census.
Page last reviewed: 7/28/08
Page last modified: 1/29/07
Content source: Division
of Reproductive Health, National
Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
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