Basic
Information
FAQs
Glossary
Acronyms
Links
Genetics 101
Publications
Meetings Calendar
Media Guide
About
the Project
What is it?
Goals
Landmark Papers
Sequence Databases
Timeline
History
Ethical Issues
Benefits
Genetics 101
FAQs
Medicine
&
the New Genetics
Home
Gene
Testing
Gene
Therapy
Pharmacogenomics
Disease Information
Genetic Counseling
Ethical,
Legal, Social Issues
Home
Privacy
Legislation
Gene
Testing
Gene
Therapy
Patenting
Forensics
Genetically
Modified Food
Behavioral
Genetics
Minorities,
Race, Genetics
Human Migration
Education
Teachers
Students
Careers
Webcasts
Images
Videos
Chromosome
Poster
Presentations
Genetics 101
Genética
Websites en Español
Research
Home
Sequence Databases
Landmark Papers
Insights
Publications
Chromosome Poster
Primer Molecular Genetics
List of All Publications
Search This Site
Contact Us
Privacy Statement
Site Stats and Credits
Site Map
|
The completion of the human DNA sequence in the spring
of 2003 coincided with the 50th anniversary of Watson and Crick's description
of the fundamental structure of DNA. The analytical power arising from the
reference DNA sequences of entire genomes and other genomics resources has
jump-started what some call the "biology century."
The Human Genome Project was marked by accelerated progress. In June
2000, the rough draft of the human genome was completed a year ahead of
schedule. In February 2001, the working draft was completed, and special
issues of Science and Nature containing the working
draft sequence and analysis were published. Additional papers were published
in April 2003 when the project was completed..
The project's first 5-year plan,
intended to guide research in FYs 1990-1995, was revised in 1993 due
to
unexpected progress, and the second plan
outlined goals through FY 1998. The third and final
plan [Science, 23 October 1998] was developed during a
series of
DOE and NIH workshops. Some 18 countries have participated in the worldwide
effort, with significant contributions from the Sanger Center in the
United
Kingdom and research centers in Germany, France, and Japan.
Human Genome Project Goals and Completion Dates
Area |
HGP Goal |
Standard Achieved |
Date Achieved |
Genetic Map |
2- to 5-cM
resolution map
(600 – 1,500 markers) |
1-cM
resolution map
(3,000 markers)
|
September 1994 |
Physical Map |
30,000 STSs |
52,000 STSs |
October 1998 |
DNA Sequence |
95% of gene-containing part of human sequence finished to 99.99% accuracy |
99% of
gene-containing part of human sequence finished to 99.99% accuracy |
April 2003 |
Capacity and Cost of Finished Sequence |
Sequence 500 Mb/year at < $0.25 per finished base |
Sequence >1,400
Mb/year at <$0.09 per finished base |
November 2002 |
Human Sequence Variation |
100,000 mapped human SNPs |
3.7 million mapped human SNPs |
February 2003 |
Gene Identification |
Full-length human cDNAs |
15,000
full-length
human cDNAs |
March 2003 |
Model Organisms |
Complete genome sequences of
E. coli,
S. cerevisiae,
C. elegans,
D. melanogaster |
Finished genome sequences of
E. coli,
S. cerevisiae,
C. elegans,
D. melanogaster,
plus
whole-genome drafts of several others, including
C. briggsae,
D. pseudoobscura, mouse and rat |
April 2003 |
Functional Analysis |
Develop genomic-scale technologies |
High-throughput oligonucleotide synthesis |
1994 |
DNA microarrays |
1996 |
Eukaryotic, whole-genome knockouts (yeast) |
1999 |
Scale-up of two-hybrid system for protein-protein interaction |
2002 |
Source: Science 300, 286 (2003)
10.1126/science.1084564
Archival Documents
Five-Year Plans:
5-Year Planning Workshops:
Send the url of this page to a friend
|