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Introduction

• About the Guidelines
• Expert Panel

Rationale

• Health and Economic Costs
  • Prevalence and Time Trends
  • Demographics
  • Economic Costs

• Health Risks
  • Morbidity
    • Hypertension
    • Dyslipidemia
    • Diabetes
    • Coronary Heart Disease
    • Congestive Heart Failure
    • Stroke
    • Gallstones
    • Osteoarthritis
    • Sleep Apnea
    • Cancer
    • Women's Reproductive Health
    • Psychosocial Aspects
  • Mortality
    • Association of BMI with Mortality
    • Association of BMI with Mortality in Older Adults
    • Association of BMI with Mortality in Ethnic Minorities
    • Weight Loss and Mortality
• Prevention of Overweight and Obesity
• Environment
• Genetic Influences

Methodology and Trial Evidence

• Evidence-Based Guidelines Methodology
• Trial Evidence
  • Why Treat Overweight and Obesity
    • Blood Pressure
      • Lifestyle Trials in Hypertensive Patients
      • Lifestyle Trials in Nonhypertensive Patients
      • Pharmacotherapy Trials
      • Abdominal Fat
      • Fitness
    • Serum, Plasma Lipids, and Lipoproteins
      • Lifestyle Trials
      • Pharmacotherapy Trials
      • Abdominal Fat
      • Fitness
    • Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes
      • Lifestyle Trials
      • Pharmacotherapy Trials
      • Abdominal Fat
      • Fitness
    • Decreases in Abdominal Fat With Weight Loss
  • What Treatments Are Effective
    • Dietary Therapy
      • Low-Calorie Diets
      • Very Low-Calorie Diets
      • Lower-Fat Diets
    • Physical Activity
    • Combined Therapy (Diet and Physical Activity)
    • Behavior Therapy
      • Additional Benefits Beyond Other Weight Loss Approaches
      • Comparison of Behavior Therapy Strategies
    • Pharmacotherapy
    • Surgery
    • Other Interventions for Overweight and Obesity Treatment

• Evidence Model

Treatment Guidelines

• Assessment and Classification
  • Assessment of Weight and Body Fat
    • Determining Total Body Fat
    • Determining Degree of Abdominal Fat
  • Assessment of Risk Status
    • Determining Relative Risk
    • Determining Absolute Risk
      • Patients at Very High Absolute Risk
      • Cardiovascular Risk Factors
      • Other Risk Factors
  • Assessment of Patient Motivation
  • Classification
    • According to BMI
    • According to Waist Circumference
• Evaluation and Treatment Strategy
• Management of Weight Loss
  • Goals
    • Weight Loss
    • Weight Maintenance
    • Prevention of Weight Gain
  • Strategies
    • Dietary Therapy
    • Physical Activity
      • Strategies to Increase Physical Activity
    • Behavior Therapy
    • Combined Therapy
    • Pharmacotherapy
    • Surgery
• Exclusion from Weight Loss Therapy
• Special Considerations
  • Meeting the Needs of Diverse Patients
  • Weight Reduction After Age 65
  • Smoking Cessation in the Overweight or Obese Patient
• Role of Health Professionals
• Treatment Algorithm

References

• References 1-435
• References 435-675
• References 676-769

Appendices

• List of Abbreviations
• Appendix I.A.1. Guidelines Development Methodology
  • Panel Selection
  • Topics Included in the Guidelines
  • Development of the Evidence Model
  • Search and Review of the Literature
  • Literature Abstraction and Preparation of Evidence Tables
  • The Formulation of the Evidence into the Guidelines
  • Consideration of Special Populations and Situations
  • External Review of the Guidelines
  • Caveats to Recommendation Use
• Appendix I.A.2. Literature Review
• Appendix II. Description of Evidence
  • Why Treat Overweight and Obesity?
    • Blood Pressure
    • Serum/Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins
    • Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes
  • What Treatments Are Effective?
    • Dietary Therapy
    • Physical Activity
    • Combined Therapy
    • Behavior Therapy
    • Pharmacotherapy
    • Weight Loss Surgery
• Appendix III. Special Populations
  • TABLES-Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity in U.S. Children
  • TABLES-Overweight or BMI Data for Puerto Rican-Americans, Cuban-Americans, and Selected Samples of American Indians, Asians, and Pacific Islanders
  • TABLES-Socioeconomic Status Differences in the Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity
  • Annotated Bibliography of Studies Specifically Designed To Achieve Weight Reduction in Special Populations
• Appendix IV. Obesity and Sleep Apnea
• Appendix V. Body Mass Index - How To Measure Obesity
• Appendix VI. Practical Dietary Therapy Information
  • Shopping-What To Look For
    • Low-Calorie Shopping List
    • Low-Calorie, Lower-Fat Alternatives
    • Fat-Free Versus Regular-Calorie Comparisons
    • Good Sources of Calcium
  • Food Preparation-What To Do
  • Dining Out-How To Choose
    • General Tips for Healthy Dining Out
    • Tips for Healthy Multicultural Dining Out
• Appendix VII. Resource List
• Appendix VIII. Glossary of Terms