2007 NAICS Definitions
238 Specialty Trade Contractors

238 Specialty Trade Contractors

The Specialty Trade Contractors subsector comprises establishments whose primary activity is performing specific activities (e.g., pouring concrete, site preparation, plumbing, painting, and electrical work) involved in building construction or other activities that are similar for all types of construction, but that are not responsible for the entire project. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. The production work performed by establishments in this subsector is usually subcontracted from establishments of the general contractor type or operative builders, but especially in remodeling and repair construction, work also may be done directly for the owner of the property. Specialty trade contractors usually perform most of their work at the construction site, although they may have shops where they perform prefabrication and other work. Establishments primarily engaged in preparing sites for new construction are also included in this subsector.

There are substantial differences in types of equipment, work force skills, and other inputs required by specialty trade contractors. Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the underlying production function for the specialty trade in which they specialize. Throughout the Specialty Trade Contractors subsector, establishments commonly provide both the parts and labor required to complete work. For example, electrical contractors supply the current-carrying and noncurrent-carrying wiring devices that are required to install a circuit. Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning contractors also supply the parts required to complete a contract.

2381 Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to complete the basic structure (i.e., foundation, frame, and shell) of buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

23811 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors

See industry description for 238110 below.

238110 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring and finishing concrete foundations and structural elements. This industry also includes establishments performing grout and shotcrete work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Concrete pouring and finishing Gunite contractors Concrete pumping (i.e., placement) Mud-jacking contractors Concrete work (except paving) Shotcrete contractors Footing and foundation concrete contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23812 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors

See industry description for 238120 below.

238120 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) erecting and assembling structural parts made from steel or precast concrete (e.g., steel beams, structural steel components, and similar products of precast concrete); and/or (2) assembling and installing other steel construction products (e.g., steel rods, bars, rebar, mesh, and cages) to reinforce poured-in-place concrete. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Concrete product (e.g., structural precast, structural prestressed) installation Rebar contractors Erecting structural steel Reinforcing steel contractors Placing and tying reinforcing rod at a construction site Structural steel contractors Precast concrete panel, slab, or form installation

23813 Framing Contractors

See industry description for 238130 below.

238130 Framing Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in structural framing and sheathing using materials other than structural steel or concrete. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Building framing (except structural steel) Post frame contractors Foundation, building, wood, contractors Steel framing contractors Framing contractors Wood frame component (e.g., truss) fabrication on site

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23814 Masonry Contractors

See industry description for 238140 below.

238140 Masonry Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in masonry work, stone setting, brick laying, and other stone work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Block laying Marble, granite, and slate, exterior, contractors Brick laying Masonry pointing, cleaning, or caulking Concrete block laying Stucco contractors Foundation (e.g., brick, block, stone), building, contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23815 Glass and Glazing Contractors

See industry description for 238150 below.

238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing glass panes in prepared openings (i.e., glazing work) and other glass work for buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Decorative glass and mirror installation Glazing contractors Glass cladding installation Stained glass installation Glass coating and tinting (except automotive) contractors Window pane or sheet installation Glass installation (except automotive) contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23816 Roofing Contractors

See industry description for 238160 below.

238160 Roofing Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in roofing. This industry also includes establishments treating roofs (i.e., spraying, painting, or coating) and installing skylights. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Painting, spraying, or coating, roof Sheet metal roofing installation Shake and shingle, roof, installation Skylight installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23817 Siding Contractors

See industry description for 238170 below.

238170 Siding Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing siding of wood, aluminum, vinyl, or other exterior finish material (except brick, stone, stucco, or curtain wall). This industry also includes establishments installing gutters and downspouts. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Downspout, gutter, and gutter guard installation Siding (e.g., vinyl, wood, aluminum) installation Fascia and soffit installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23819 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors

See industry description for 238190 below.

238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building foundation and structure trades work (except poured concrete, structural steel, precast concrete, framing, masonry, glass, and glazing, roofing, and siding). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Curtain wall, metal, installation Forms for poured concrete, erecting, and dismantling Decorative steel and wrought iron work installation Ornamental metal work installation Fire escape installation Welding, on site, contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

2382 Building Equipment Contractors

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing equipment that forms part of a building mechanical system (e.g., electricity, water, heating, and cooling). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Contractors installing specialized building equipment, such as elevators, escalators, service station equipment, and central vacuum cleaning systems are also included.

23821 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors

See industry description for 238210 below.

238210 Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing electrical wiring and equipment. Contractors included in this industry may include both the parts and labor when performing work. These contractors may perform new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Airport runway lighting contractors Fiber optic cable (except transmission line) contractors Alarm system (e.g., fire, burglar), electric, installation only Highway, street, and bridge lighting and electrical signal installation Audio equipment (except automotive) installation contractors Home automation system installation Cable splicing, electrical or fiber optic Lighting system installation Cable television hookup contractors Telecommunications equipment and wiring (except transmission line) installation contractors Computer and network cable installation Traffic signal installation Environmental control system installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23822 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors

See industry description for 238220 below.

238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning equipment. Contractors in this industry may provide both parts and labor when performing work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Cooling tower installation Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) contractors Duct work (e.g., cooling, dust collection, exhaust, heating, ventilation) installation Lawn sprinkler system installation Fire sprinkler system installation Mechanical contractors Fireplace, natural gas, installation Refrigeration system (e.g., commercial, industrial, scientific) installation Furnace installation Sewer hook-up and connection, building

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23829 Other Building Equipment Contractors

See industry description for 238290 below.

238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing building equipment (except electrical, plumbing, heating, cooling, or ventilation equipment). The repair and maintenance of miscellaneous building equipment is included in this industry. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Automated and revolving door installation Lightning protection equipment (e.g., lightning rod) installation Boiler and pipe insulation installation Machine rigging Commercial-type door installation Millwrights Conveyor system installation Overhead door, commercial- or industrial-type, installation Dismantling large-scale machinery and equipment Revolving door installation Elevator installation Satellite dish, household-type, installation Escalator installation Vacuum cleaning system, built-in, installation Gasoline pump, service station, installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

2383 Building Finishing Contractors

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to finish buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

23831 Drywall and Insulation Contractors

See industry description for 238310 below.

238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drywall, plaster work, and building insulation work. Plaster work includes applying plain or ornamental plaster, and installation of lath to receive plaster. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Acoustical ceiling tile and panel installation Lathing contractors Drop ceiling installation Plastering (i.e., ornamental, plain) contractors Drywall contractors Soundproofing contractors Fresco (i.e., decorative plaster finishing) contractors Taping and finishing drywall Gypsum board installation Wall cavity and attic space insulation installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23832 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors

See industry description for 238320 below.

238320 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in interior or exterior painting or interior wall covering. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Bridge painting Paperhanging or removal contractors House painting Ship painting contractors Paint and wallpaper stripping Wallpaper hanging and removal contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23833 Flooring Contractors

See industry description for 238330 below.

238330 Flooring Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of resilient floor tile, carpeting, linoleum, and hardwood flooring. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Carpet, installation only Resilient floor tile or sheet (e.g., linoleum, rubber, vinyl), installation only Floor laying, scraping, finishing, and refinishing Resurfacing hardwood flooring Hardwood flooring, installation only Vinyl flooring contractors

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23834 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors

See industry description for 238340 below.

238340 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in setting and installing ceramic tile, stone (interior only), and mosaic and/or mixing marble particles and cement to make terrazzo at the job site. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Ceramic tile installation Mosaic work Mantel, marble or stone, installation Stone flooring installation Marble, granite, and slate, interior installation contractors Tile (except resilient) laying and setting

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23835 Finish Carpentry Contractors

See industry description for 238350 below.

238350 Finish Carpentry Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in finish carpentry work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Built-in wood cabinets constructed on site Molding or trim, wood or plastic, installation Counter top, residential-type, installation Paneling installation Door and window frame construction Prefabricated kitchen and bath cabinet, residential-type, installation Garage door, residential-type, installation Ship joinery contractors Millwork installation Window and door, residential-type, of any material, prefabricated, installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23839 Other Building Finishing Contractors

See industry description for 238390 below.

238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building finishing trade work (except drywall, plaster, and insulation work; painting and wall covering work; flooring work; tile and terrazzo work; and finish carpentry work). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Bath tub refinishing on site Fabricating metal cabinets or countertops on site Closet organizer system installation Modular furniture system attachment and installation Concrete coating, glazing, or sealing Trade show exhibit installation and dismantling Countertop and cabinet, metal (except residential-type), installation Waterproofing contractors Drapery fixture (e.g., hardware, rods, tracks) installation Window shade and blind installation

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

2389 Other Specialty Trade Contractors

23891 Site Preparation Contractors

See industry description for 238910 below.

238910 Site Preparation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in site preparation activities, such as excavating and grading, demolition of buildings and other structures, and septic system installation. Earth moving and land clearing for all types of sites (e.g., building, nonbuilding, mining) is included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in construction equipment rental with operator (except cranes) are also included.

Illustrative Examples:

Blasting, building demolition Foundation digging (i.e., excavation) Concrete breaking and cutting for demolition Foundation drilling contractors Cutting new rights of way Grading construction sites Demolition, building and structure Line slashing or cutting (except maintenance) Dewatering contractors Septic system contractors Dirt moving for construction Trenching (except underwater) Equipment rental (except crane), construction, with operator Underground tank (except hazardous) removal Excavating, earthmoving, or land clearing contractors Wrecking, building or other structure

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

23899 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors

See industry description for 238990 below.

238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized trades (except foundation, structure, and building exterior contractors; building equipment contractors; building finishing contractors; and site preparation contractors). The specialty trade work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs.

Illustrative Examples:

Billboard erection Outdoor swimming pool construction Cleaning building interiors during and immediately after construction Paver, brick (e.g., driveway, patio, sidewalk), installation Crane rental with operator Paving, residential and commercial driveway and parking lot Driveway paving or sealing Sandblasting building exteriors Fence installation Scaffold erecting and dismantling Interlocking brick and block installation Steeplejack work Manufactured (mobile) home, set up and tie-down

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--