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Preventing Drug Abuse among Children and Adolescents | |
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To help those working in drug abuse prevention, NIDA, in cooperation with the prevention scientists, presents the following examples of research-based programs that feature a variety of strategies proven to be effective. Each program was developed as part of a research study, which demonstrated that over time youth who participated in the programs had better outcomes than those who did not. The programs are presented within their audience category (universal, selective, indicated, or tiered).
Caring School Community Program (Formerly, Child Development Project). This is a universal family-plus-school program to reduce risk and strengthen protective factors among elementary school children. The program focuses on strengthening students sense of community, or connection, to school. Research has shown that this sense of community has been key to reducing drug use, violence, and mental health problems, while promoting academic motivation and achievement. Eric Schaps, Ph.D. Caring School Community Program Developmental Studies Center 2000 Embarcadero, Suite 305 Oakland, CA 94606-5300 Phone: 510-533-0213 Fax: 510-464-3670 E-mail: Eric_Schaps@devstu.org Web site: www.devstu.org Classroom-Centered (CC) and Family-School Partnership (FSP) Intervention. The CC and FSP interventions are universal first-grade interventions to reduce later onset of violence and aggressive behavior and to improve academic performance. Program strategies include classroom management and organizational strategies, reading and mathematics curricula, parent-teacher communication, and childrens behavior management in the home. Nicholas Ialongo, Ph.D. Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University 624 N. Broadway Baltimore, MD 21205 Phone: 410-550-3441 Fax: 410-550-3461 E-mail: nialongo@jhsph.edu Guiding Good Choices (GGC) (Formerly, Preparing for the Drug-Free Years). This curriculum was designed to educate parents on how to reduce risk factors and strengthen bonding in their families. In five 2-hour sessions, parents are taught skills on family involvement and interaction; setting clear expectations, monitoring behavior, and maintaining discipline; and other family management and bonding approaches. J. David Hawkins, Ph.D. Social Development Research Group University of Washington 9725 Third Avenue NE, Suite 401 Seattle, WA 98115 Phone: 206-543-7655 Fax: 206-543-4507 E-mail: jdh@u.washington.edu Web site: www.depts.washington.edu/sdrg Life Skills Training (LST) Program. LST is a universal program for middle school students designed to address a wide range of risk and protective factors by teaching general personal and social skills, along with drug resistance skills and education. An elementary school version was recently developed and the LST booster program for high school students helps to retain the gains of the middle school program. Gilbert Botvin, Ph.D. Institute for Prevention Research Weill Medical College of Cornell University 411 East 69th Street, Room 203 New York, NY 10021 Phone: 212-746-1270 Fax: 212-746-8390 E-mail: gjbotvin@med.cornell.edu Web site: www.lifeskillstraining.com Lions-Quest Skills for Adolescence (SFA). SFA is a commercially available, universal, life skills education program for middle school students in use in schools nationwide. The focus is on teaching skills for building self-esteem and personal responsibility, communication, decision-making, resisting social influences and asserting rights, and increasing drug use knowledge and consequences. Marvin Eisen, Ph.D. Population Studies Center The Urban Institute 2100 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 Phone: 202-261-5858 Fax: 202-452-1840 E-mail: meisen@ui.urban.org Web site: www.lions-quest.org Project ALERT. Project ALERT is a 2-year, universal program for middle school students, designed to reduce the onset and regular use of drugs among youth. It focuses on preventing the use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and inhalants. Project ALERT Plus, an enhanced version, has added a high school component, which is being tested in 45 rural communities. Phyllis L. Ellickson, Ph.D. Director, Center for Research on Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health The RAND Corporation 1700 Main Street P.O. Box 2138 Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 Phone: 310-393-0411 Fax: 310-451-7062 E-mail: Phyllis_ellickson@rand.org Web site: www.rand.org Project STAR. Project STAR is a comprehensive drug abuse prevention community program to be used by schools, parents, community organizations, the media, and health policymakers. The middle school portion focuses on social influence and is included in classroom instruction by trained teachers over a 2-year timetable. The parent program helps parents work with children on homework, learn family communication skills, and get involved in community action. Karen Bernstein, M.P.H. University of Southern California Institute for Prevention Research 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit #8 Alhambra, CA 91803 Phone: 626-457-6687 Fax: 626-457-6695 E-mail: Karenber@usc.edu Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS). PATHS is a comprehensive program for promoting emotional health and social skills. The program also focuses on reducing aggression and behavior problems in elementary school children, while enhancing the educational process in the classroom. Mark T. Greenberg, Ph.D. Prevention Research Center Pennsylvania State University 110 Henderson Building-South University Park, PA 16802-6504 Phone: 814-863-0112 Fax: 814-865-2530 E-mail: mxg47@psu.edu Web site: www.prevention.psu.edu Skills, Opportunity, And Recognition (SOAR) (Formerly, Seattle Social Development Program). This universal school-based intervention for grades one through six seeks to reduce childhood risks for delinquency and drug abuse by enhancing protective factors. The multi-component intervention combines training for teachers, parents, and children during the elementary grades to promote childrens bonding to school, positive school behavior, and academic achievement. J. David Hawkins, Ph.D. Social Development Research Group University of Washington 9725 Third Avenue NE, Suite 401 Seattle, WA 98115 Phone: 206-543-7655 Fax: 206-543-4507 E-mail: jdh@u.washington.edu Web site: www.depts.washington.edu/sdrg The Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 1014 (SFP 1014) (Formerly, the Iowa Strengthening Families Program). This program offers seven sessions, each attended by youth and their parents, and is conducted through partnerships that include state university researchers, cooperative extension staff, local schools, and other community organizations. Virginia Molgaard, Ph.D. Prevention Program Development The Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 1014 Institute for Social and Behavioral Research Iowa State University 2625 North Loop Drive, Suite 500 Ames, IA 50010-8296 Phone: 515-294-8762 Fax: 515-294-3613 E-mail: vmolgaar@iastate.edu Web site: www.extension.iastate.edu/sfp/
Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids (ATLAS). ATLAS is a selective program for male high school athletes, designed to reduce risk factors for use of anabolic steroids and other drugs, while providing healthy nutrition and strength-training alternatives to illegal use of athletic-enhancing substances. Coaches and peer teammates are part of the program. Parents are involved through homework and a take-home guide on sports nutrition. Linn Goldberg, M.D., FACSM Division of Health Promotion and Sports Medicine Oregon Health & Science University 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road Portland, OR 97201-3098 Phone: 503-494-8051 Fax: 503-494-1310 E-mail: goldberl@ohsu.edu Web site: www.atlasprogram.com Coping Power. Coping Power is a multi-component child and parent preventive intervention directed at pre-adolescent children at high risk for aggressiveness and later drug abuse and delinquency. The Coping Power Child Component is a program for fifth- and sixth-graders, usually in an after-school setting. Training teaches children how to identify and cope with anxiety and anger; control impulses; and develop social, academic, and problem-solving skills. Parents are also provided training. John E. Lochman, Ph.D. Department of Psychology University of Alabama P.O. Box 870348 Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Phone: 205-348-7678 Fax: 205-348-8648 E-mail: jlochman@gp.as.ua.edu Focus on Families (FOF). FOF, a selective program for parents receiving methadone treatment and their children, seeks to reduce parents use of illegal drugs and teaches family management skills to reduce their childrens risk for future drug abuse. The promise of the FOF programparticularly for very high-risk familiesis evident in the early reduction in family-related risk factors with an overall trend toward positive program effects on child outcomes. Richard F. Catalano, Ph.D. Social Development Research Group 9725 Third Avenue, NE Suite 401 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98115 Phone: 206-543-6382 Fax: 206-543-4507 E-mail: catalano@u.washington.edu Web site: www.depts.washington.edu/sdrg The Strengthening Families Program (SFP). SFP, a universal and selective multi-component, family-focused prevention program, provides support for families with 6- to 11-year-olds. The program, which began as an effort to help drug-abusing parents improve their parenting skills and reduce their childrens risk for subsequent problems, has shown success in elementary schools and communities. Karol Kumpfer, Ph.D. University of Utah Department of Health Promotion 300 S. 1850 E., Room 215 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0920 Phone: 801-581-7718 Fax: 801-581-5872 E-mail: karol.kumpfer@health.utah.edu Web site: www.strengtheningfamiliesprogram.org
Project Towards No Drug Abuse (Project TND). This indicated prevention intervention targets high school age youth who attend alternative or traditional high schools. The goal is to prevent the transition from drug use to drug abuse, through considering the developmental issues faced by older teens. Steve Sussman, Ph.D., FAAHB Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology University of Southern California 1000 S. Fremont Avenue, Unit 8 Building A-4, Room 4124 Alhambra, CA 91803 Phone: 626-457-6635 Fax: 626-457-4012 E-mail: ssussma@hsc.usc.edu Reconnecting Youth Program (RY). RY is a school-based indicated prevention program for high school students with poor school achievement and potential for dropping out. The program goals are to increase school performance, reduce drug use, and learn skills to manage mood and emotions. Beth McNamara, MSW Director of Programs & Trainers Reconnecting Youth Program E-mail: ry.info@comcast.net Web site: www.reconnectingyouth.com
Adolescent Transitions Program (ATP). ATP is a school-based program that uses a tiered approach to provide prevention services to students in middle and junior high school and their parents. The universal intervention directed to parents of all students in a school establishes a Family Resource Center. The selective intervention level, called the Family Check-Up, offers family assessment and professional support. The indicated level provides direct professional help to the family. Thomas J. Dishion, Ph.D. University of Oregon Child and Family Center 195 West 12th Avenue Eugene, OR 97401-3408 Phone: 541-346-4805 Fax: 541-346-4858 E-mail: tomd@uoregon.edu Web site: cfc.uoregon.edu Early Risers Skills for Success Risk Prevention Program. Early Risers is a selective, preventive intervention for elementary school children at heightened risk for early onset of serious conduct problems, including legal and illegal drug use. The programs focus is on improving academic ability, self-control, social skills, and parental involvement in the childs activities. Gerald J. August, Ph.D. Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of Minnesota Medical School P256/2B West, 2450 Riverside Avenue Minneapolis, MN 55454-1495 Phone: 612-273-9711 Fax: 612-273-9779 Email: augus001@tc.umn.edu Fast Track Prevention Trial for Conduct Problems. Fast Track is a preventive intervention for young children at high risk for long-term anti-social behavior. The intervention includes a universal classroom program (adapted from the PATHS curriculum) for high-risk children selected in kindergarten. The selective intervention reaches parents and children at higher risk for conduct problems. Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group Karen L. Bierman, Ph.D. Pennsylvania State University Prevention Research Center 110 Henderson Building-South University Park, PA 16802-6504 Phone: 814-865-3879 Fax: 814-865-3246 E-mail: prevention@psu.edu |
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