ModelE Climate Simulations

These webpages provide data products obtained from climate simulations using ModelE of the GISS global climate model. A detailed description of this model, including access to source code, is available from the ModelE software homepage.

The material presented here augments the contents of the several cited journal articles. See the references below for article abstracts and PDFs.

Additional data products related to other simulations experiments with ModelE will be made available here as they become available.

Simulations for CMIP6

Multiple configurations of ModelE have been (and will be) submitted to CMIP6. The documentation covers the E2.1-G and E2.1-H configurations, as well as E2.2-G/H, and discusses the climatologies, forcings and trends over the historical periods. Data is available via the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF):

Details of the documentation, physics-versions and ripf conventions are available here.

Other Simulations Using the ModelE2.1 Version

Simulated Greenland Surface Mass Balance

Experiments evaluating model simulation of the Greenland ice sheet described in the paper "Simulated Greenland surface mass balance in the GISS ModelE2 GCM: Importance of the ice sheet surface" by Alexander et al. (2019).
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Health Impacts of Outdoor Air Pollution in Africa

Experiments investigating the effect of pollution emission sectors and the airborne transport of PM 2.5 aerosols in Africa as described in "Desert dust, industrialization and agricultural fires: Health impacts of outdoor air pollution in Africa" by Bauer et al. (2019).
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Simulations Using the CMIP5 ModelE2 Version

Many simulations using ModelE2 were submitted to the CMIP5 project and are available though the Earth System Grid (ESG). Notes about model configuration and description related to the CMIP5 material, updates and issues, are provided on this website.

Simulations Using the CMIP3 ModelE Version

Climatological (Control) Simulations

The climate simulated by GISS modelE and comparison to observations is described in "Present day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in-situ, satellite and reanalysis data" by Schmidt et al. (2006).

"Earth's Energy Imbalance"

Experiments related to research described in the paper "Earth's energy imbalance: Confirmation and implications" by Hansen et al. (2005a).
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"Efficacy of Climate Forcings"

Experiments related to research described in the paper "Efficacy of climate forcings" by Hansen et al. (2005b). This study examines the climate response to a broad range of forcings, primarily using Ocean C (Russell ocean model), but also with Ocean A (observed SST) and Ocean B (Q-flux ocean).
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"Climate Simulations for 1880-2003"

Experiments investigating the forcings acting in the past century described in the paper "Climate simulations for 1880-2003 with GISS modelE" by Hansen et al. (2007a).
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"Dangerous Human-Made Interference"

Experiments investigating various forcing scenarios for future years described in the paper "Dangerous human-made interference with climate" by Hansen et al. (2007b).
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Transient Simulations with Beryllium-10

Experiments investigating use of 10Be as a climate proxy described in the paper "Model-based constraints on interpreting 20th century trends in ice-core beryllium-10" by Field and Schmidt (2009).
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CMIP3 Simulations

A large amount of data from the "Dangerous" and "1880-2003" work listed above were submitted to PCMDI as part of the CMIP3 project and are available from there. Also provided there is a GISS-EH and GISS-ER description and known issues.

Notes about model configuration and description related to the CMIP3 material, updates and issues, and raw datasets are provided on this website.

Selected model results from the 20th century simulations and the continuation into the 21st century are available as MP4 and Quicktime animations.

References

Alexander, P.M., A.N. LeGrande, E. Fischer, M. Tedesco, X. Fettweis, M. Kelley, S.M.J. Nowicki, and G.A. Schmidt, 2019: Simulated Greenland surface mass balance in the GISS ModelE2 GCM: Role of the ice sheet surface. J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf., 123, no. 3, 750-765, doi:10.1029/2018JF004772.

Bauer S.E, U. Im, K. Mezuman. and C. Y. Gao, 2019: Desert dust, industrialization and agricultural fires: Health impacts of outdoor air pollution in Africa, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 124, no. 7, 4104-4120, doi:10.1029/2018JD029336.

Field, C.V, and G.A. Schmidt, 2009: Model-based constraints on interpreting 20th century trends in ice-core 10Be. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D12110, doi:10.1029/2008JD011217.

Hansen, J., et al. 2005a: Earth's energy imbalance: Confirmation and implications. Science, 308, 1431-1435, doi:10.1126/science.1110252.

Hansen, J., et al. 2005b: Efficacy of climate forcings. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18104, doi:10.1029/2005JD005776.

Hansen, J., et al. 2007a: Climate simulations for 1880-2003 with GISS modelE. Climate Dynam., 29, 661-696, doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0255-8.

Hansen, J., et al. 2007b: Dangerous human-made interference with climate: A GISS modelE study. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2287-2312.

Schmidt, G.A., et al. 2006. Present day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in-situ, satellite and reanalysis data. J. Climate, 19, 153-192, doi:10.1175/JCLI3612.1.