Title: Dietary Interview - Individual Foods, First Day
(DR1IFF_C
)
Contact Number: 1-866-441-NCHS
Years of Content: 2003
- 2004
First Published: September, 2006
Revised: November, 2007
Access Constraints: None
Use Constraints: None
Geographic Coverage: National
Subject:Dietary interview component provides detailed dietary intake information from NHANES participants.
Record Source: NHANES 2003
- 2004
Survey Methodology: NHANES 2003
- 2004
is a stratified multistage probability sample of the civilian non-institutionalized population of the U.S.
Medium: NHANES Web site; SAS transport files
The objective of the dietary interview component is to obtain detailed dietary intake information from NHANES participants. The dietary intake data are used to estimate the types and amounts of foods and beverages consumed during the 24-hour period prior to the interview (midnight to midnight), and to estimate intakes of energy, nutrients, and other food components from those foods and beverages. Following the dietary recall, participants are asked questions on water consumption during the previous 24 hours, salt use, whether the person’s intake on the previous day was usual or unusual, and whether the respondent is on any kind of diet. Selected population subgroups are asked questions on frequency of fish and shellfish consumed during the past 30 days.
The dietary interview component, called What We Eat in America (WWEIA), is conducted as a partnership between the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Under this partnership, DHHS’ National Center for Health Statistics is responsible for the sample design and data collection and USDA’s Food Surveys Research Group (FSRG) is responsible for the dietary data collection methodology, maintenance of the databases used to code and process the data, and data review and processing.
What’s New with the 2003-2004 WWEIA Release: A number of additions and changes have occurred since the release of the WWEIA 2001-2002 data. The table below summarizes these changes. One of the most important changes is the release of two days of intake data for each participant. The first day (Day 1) is collected in the Mobile Examination Center (MEC) and the second day (Day 2) is collected by telephone 3 to 10 days later. Most MEC participants (87 percent) have 2 days of complete and reliable intakes. The release of 2 days of data will permit the estimation of usual (long-run average) nutrient intakes in order to assess diets in the U.S. The Institute of Medicine recommends that assessment of the diets of population groups in relation to Dietary Reference Intakes be based on usual intake distributions of nutrients (1). A minimum of two nonconsecutive days of dietary intake data for at least a subsample of the individuals is necessary for a more accurate estimation of the usual intake of nutrients.
Item | WWEIA 2001-2002 | WWEIA 2003-2004 |
---|---|---|
Number of days of intake data released | 1 day | 2 days |
Nutrients included | Food energy and 60 nutrients/food components | Food energy and 62 nutrients/food components. Added vitamin E and added vitamin B12 included. |
Food source (Where food obtained) | Collected only in 2002; not publicly released. | Collected and released. |
Combination food types | Values for 14 combination types | Values for 15 combination types; added “chips with additions”. |
Eating occasion names | 18 values | 20 values; 3 existing values modified and 2 new values. |
Special diet variables | Collected only in 2002; not publicly released. | Collected and released. |
Dietary Interview Data Files: Four data files were produced from the information collected in the dietary interview: two Total Nutrient Intake files and two Individual Foods files. Each file includes one day of intake data. The number “1” or “2” in the file name identifies the day (and mode) of the interview: 1 = first day (MEC), 2 = second day (phone). File names are the following:
File | Day 1 | Day 2 |
---|---|---|
Individual Foods File | DR1IFF_C | DR2IFF_C |
Total Nutrient Intakes File | DR1TOT_C | DR2TOT_C |
The nutrient amounts in these files reflect only nutrients obtained from foods and beverages, including sweetened water beverages. They do not include nutrients obtained from dietary supplements, medications, or plain drinking water.
Total Nutrient Intakes Files (DR1TOT_C and DR2TOT_C): Contain, for each participant, daily total energy and nutrient intakes from foods and beverages; the daily amount of water consumed; whether the amount of food consumed was usual, much more than usual, or much less than usual. The Day 1 file also includes information on salt use in cooking and at the table; whether the participant is currently on any kind of diet to lose weight or for another health-related reason and, if so, the type of diet; and for subsets of participants, information on frequency of fish and shellfish consumption.
Individual Foods Files (DR1IFF_C and DR2IFF_C): Contain detailed information about the types and amounts of individual foods reported by each participant, as well as amounts of nutrients from each food. The names for both Day 1 and Day 2 variables are listed in Table 2.
Two supporting files are also included with the Individual Foods Files: the Food Code Description file (DRXFCD_C) and the Modification Code Description file (DRXMCD_C). The DRXFCD_C file includes abbreviated descriptions (up to 60 characters) and complete descriptions (up to 200 characters) associated with each USDA food code identified in the Individual Foods Files. The DRXMCD_C file includes descriptions (up to 200 characters) associated with each modification code identified in the Individual Foods Files. Modification codes represent adjustments to predefined recipe ingredients that reflect more closely the food as described by the respondent. Appendix A provides SAS code examples that may be used to link the food code or the modification code description to the Individual Foods File.
This document (NHANES 2003-2004 Data Documentation for Individual Foods Files) provides additional details important to understanding the content of the Individual Foods Files (DR1IFF_C and DR2IFF_C). The Individual Foods Files include, for each interview day, one record for each food consumed by a survey participant. Each food record is sequentially numbered and contains the information listed below.
Complete food descriptions (up to 200 characters) for each USDA food code in this file may be found in the food descriptions component of the FNDDS. The FNDDS is a database of foods, their nutrient values, and weights for typical food portions used to process What We Eat in America data. The underlying nutrient values for FNDDS 2.0 were based on values in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 18, produced by USDA’s Nutrient Data Lab (2). FNDDS values are updated for every 2-year WWEIA, NHANES release cycle. FNDDS 2.0 corresponds with WWEIA 2003-2004. It is available for free download from the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Food Surveys Research Group’s (FSRG) website (3).
All NHANES participants are eligible for the dietary interview component. However, only children 1-5 years and women 16-49 years of age are eligible for the frequency of fish and shellfish consumption questions following the 24-hour recall and thus, their responses are collected.
The examination protocol and data collection methods are fully documented in the NHANES Dietary Interviewers Procedures Manuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004).
Proxy interviews were conducted for survey participants less than six years of age. Assisted interviews were conducted with survey participants 6 to 11 years of age. Dietary interviews were conducted in English and Spanish. Translators were used to conduct interviews in other languages.
The in-person interview was conducted in a private room in the NHANES mobile examination center (MEC). A set of measuring guides (various glasses, bowls, mugs, household spoons, measuring cups and spoons, a ruler, thickness sticks, bean bags, and circles) was available in the MEC dietary interview room for the participant to use for reporting amounts of foods. Upon completion of the in-person interview, participants were given measuring cups, spoons, a ruler, and a food model booklet, which contained two-dimensional drawings of the various measuring guides available in the MEC, to use for reporting food amounts during the telephone interview. Telephone dietary interviews were collected 3 to 10 days following the MEC dietary interview but not on the same day of the week as the MEC interview. Any participant who did not have a telephone was given a toll-free number to call so that the recall could be conducted.
What We Eat in America data were collected using USDA’s dietary data collection instrument, the Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM) (Agricultural Research Service, USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method for Dietary Recalls). The AMPM was designed to provide an efficient and accurate means of collecting intakes for large-scale national surveys. The AMPM is a fully computerized recall method that uses a 5-step interview outlined below:
The AMPM includes an extensive compilation of standardized food-specific questions and possible response options. Routing of questions is based on previous responses. The AMPM is updated yearly to reflect the changing food supply and to address research needs from the data user community. Additional information about the AMPM is provided in Raper et al. (Raper, 2004).
The accuracy of the AMPM is currently being assessed in the USDA AMPM Validation Study using biomarker data. The data collection phase of the study, which includes 525 participants, has been completed. The extent of misreporting of energy and protein intakes will be determined by comparing estimated energy intake with total energy expenditure, and estimated protein intake with urinary nitrogen excretion. Total energy expenditure has been measured by the doubly-labeled water method. Preliminary findings show that the use of the AMPM resulted in a mean energy intake for the first cohort of 100 subjects that was within 2 percent of their total energy expenditure, as estimated by the doubly-labeled water technique, and suggest acceptable accuracy of reported intakes (Moshfegh, 2003, Rhodes, 2004).
For the procedures relevant to this component, please go to Survey Operations Manual, Consent Documents, Brochures at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/nhanes/nhanes2003-2004/current_nhanes_03_04.htm.
All dietary interviewers were required to complete an intensive one-week training course and to conduct supervised practice interviews before working independently in the field. Retraining sessions were conducted periodically and annually to reinforce the proper protocols and technique.
Interviewers were monitored throughout the data collection period. Monitoring consisted of the following:
Interview data files were sent electronically from the field and were imported into Survey Net, a computer-assisted food coding and data management system developed by USDA (Agricultural Research Service, USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method for Dietary Recalls).
USDA's Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies, 2.0 (FNDDS 2.0), was used for processing the 2003-2004 intakes (Agricultural Research Service, USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies 2.0). The FNDDS includes comprehensive information that can be used to code individual foods and portion sizes reported by participants and also includes nutrient values for calculating nutrient intakes. The underlying nutrient values for FNDDS 2.0 were based on values in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, release 18, produced by USDA’s Nutrient Data Lab (Agricultural Research Service, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 18). The FNDDS may be used in research projects using the NHANES 2003-2004 dietary intake data and also in other food intake studies. Additional information about the FNDDS and related tools is available on the Food Survey Research Group website (Agricultural Research Service, USDA Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies 2.0).
Coders were required to pass a certification test after the initial training. They were routinely monitored to ensure quality and completeness of their work. Approximately 10 percent of the coder’s work was double-coded and adjudicated, if necessary.
After intake data were coded, various types of reviews were conducted to ensure the quality of the data. An overview of quality assurance procedures conducted during the data processing stage is available in Anand and Raper (Anand, 2006). Examples of reviews include the following:
During data processing, the following edits were made to ensure the logical consistency and analytic usefulness of the data:
Sodium values for home-prepared foods are based on the sodium values of recipe ingredients in the FNDDS. In some cases, the amount of salt in recipes was reduced or eliminated if the participant answered dietary interview questions about salt use in cooking or preparing foods with the response "occasionally", "rarely” or “never," respectively.
During the food coding process, predefined recipes for some food mixtures are modified to match more closely the food as described by the respondent. Nutrients are modified by substituting ingredients in a predefined recipe for the mixture. An example of a modified recipe is an egg fried in butter instead of margarine. Each modification is assigned a unique 6-digit identification number. Recipe modification numbers appear in the variable DR1MC in the DR1IFF_C file and in the variable DR2MC in the DR2IFF_C file. Descriptions for each modification are provided in a separate file called DRXMCD.
Each Individual Foods File is comprised of food records. For most survey participants, there are multiple records in each file. These files can be linked with other NHANES files by the respondent sequence number (SEQN).
Variable names: For data collected on both Day 1 and Day 2, variable names are differentiated by having the number “1” or “2” in the third position of the variable name to identify the collection day. For example, the USDA food code variable, which identifies the food reported by the participant, is named DR1IFDCD in the Day 1 file and DR2IFDCD in the Day 2 file. Table 2 lists the Day 1 and Day 2 variable names.
Names for the following variables are the same for both days:
Day 1 and Day 2 Variable Name | Label |
---|---|
SEQN | Respondent sequence number |
WTDRD1 | Dietary day one sample weight |
WTDR2D | Dietary two-day sample weight |
DRABF | Breast-fed infant (either day) |
DRDINT | Number of days of intake |
Number of Intake Days Variable: Because two days of data are included in the 2003-2004 release, a variable has been added to indicate the number of days of intake available for each participant. The variable name is DRDINT.
Dietary Recall Status Code: A status code (DR1DRSTZ or DR2DRSTZ) is used in the file to indicate the quality and completeness of a survey participant's response to the dietary recall section. Although there are four possible values, only codes 1 and 4 appear in the Individual Foods File.
1 = Reliable and met the minimum criteria
All records for individuals with a code 1 identify a food, the quantity in grams of food consumed and nutrient amounts provided by the food.
2 = Not reliable or did not meet the minimum criteria
No data on individual food consumption are provided for these cases. These individuals have no records in the Individual Foods Files.
4 = Reported consuming breast milk
For infants and children who consumed human milk, there is a record in the Individual Foods Files for each report of human milk. However, because amounts of human milk intake are not quantified, these records contain missing values for the amount consumed and for the amounts of energy and nutrients from human milk. Records for any other foods and beverages consumed by breast-fed infants and children are included in the Individual Foods Files along with their amounts and nutrient information. Because of the missing nutrient information for human milk, no total nutrient intakes (contained in the Total Nutrient Intakes Files) were computed for participants with a code 4.
A variable that identifies breast-fed children, DRABF, is included with the 2003-2004 release. This variable has a code of 1 if a child consumed breast milk in either intake day. Also, records that contain human milk have a missing value (blank) in the eaten at home variable field (DR1_040Z).
5 = Not done
This code is assigned when the dietary recall section of the interview did not take place due to various reasons (such as arrived late/left early, refusal, illness, emergency, or equipment failure). These individuals have no records in the Individual Foods Files.
Participants Reported Fasting: Three participants reported fasting during one of their intake collection days. By definition, no individual food consumption is reported for fasting respondents. Therefore, no records were included in the Individual Foods File for these individuals for the specific fasting day. Their dietary recall status variable for the fasting day is coded as “1” (complete and reliable) in the Total Nutrients File, and the total number of foods and all total nutrient intake variables are coded as “0”. Values are present for other variables collected after the dietary recall, such as water consumption.
Food Source: The source of each food (where it was obtained, e.g., from a store, fast food restaurant, cafeteria) is included with the 2003-2004 release. The variable names are DR1FS and DR2FS. Food source information was also collected in 2002, but was not publicly released because of confidentiality issues concerning single-year data. The values of this variable are:
Code | Description |
---|---|
1 | Store |
2 | Restaurant with waiter/waitress |
3 | Restaurant fast food/pizza |
4 | Bar/tavern/lounge |
5 | Restaurant, no additional information |
6 | Cafeteria not at school |
7 | Cafeteria at school |
8 | Child care center |
9 | Family/adult day care center |
10 | Soup kitchen/shelter/food pantry facility |
11 | Meals on Wheels |
12 | Community food program – other |
13 | Community program, no additional information |
14 | Vending machine |
15 | Common coffee pot or snack tray |
16 | From someone else/gift |
17 | Mail order purchase |
18 | Residential dining facility |
19 | Grown or caught by you or someone you know |
20 | Fish caught by you or someone you know |
24 | Sport, recreation, or entertainment |
25 | Street vendor, vending truck |
Eating Occasion: Three existing values for the name of eating occasion variable (DR1_030Z and DR2_030Z) were modified and four new values were added. The values of the eating occasion variables and their labels for 2003-2004 are shown below:
Code | Description |
---|---|
1 | Breakfast |
2 | Lunch |
3 | Dinner (formerly labeled dinner/ supper) |
4 | Supper (new in 2003-2004) |
5 | Brunch |
6 | Snack (formerly labeled snack/ beverage) |
7 | Drink (new in 2003-2004) |
8 | Infant feeding |
9 | Extended consumption |
10 | Desayuno (breakfast) |
11 | Almuerzo (breakfast) |
12 | Comida (lunch) |
13 | Merienda (snack) |
14 | Cena (dinner) |
15 | Entre comida (snack) (formerly labeled entre comida/bebida/ tentempie) |
16 | Botana (snack) |
17 | Bocadillo (snack) |
18 | Tentempie (snack) (new in 2003- 2004) |
19 | Bebida (drink) (new in 2003-2004) |
91 | Other |
Combination Foods: Foods that are eaten in combination with other foods, such as cereal with milk, are identified by a combination food type (DR1CCMTX) and a combination food number (DR1CCMNM). For 2003-2004, a combination food type for chips eaten with other foods has been added; its combination food type number is 14. The values for this variable are the following:
Code | Description |
---|---|
0 | Non-combination food |
1 | Beverage w/ additions |
2 | Cereal w/ additions |
3 | Bread/baked prod w/ additions |
4 | Salad |
5 | Sandwiches |
6 | Soup |
7 | Frozen meals |
8 | Ice cream/frozen yogurt w/ additions |
9 | Dried beans and vegetable w/ additions |
10 | Fruit w/ additions |
11 | Tortilla products |
12 | Meat, poultry, fish |
13 | Lunchables® |
14 | Chips w/ additions (new in 2003-2004) |
15 | Other mixtures |
Sample weights for dietary intake data: The NHANES participants were selected on the basis of a national probability design. In order to increase the number of participants for specific demographic groups, a multi-stage, unequal probability of selection design was implemented. The NHANES oversamples blacks, Mexican Americans, low income whites, adolescents 12-19 years, and persons 60 years and older. Sample weights are constructed that encompass the unequal probabilities of selection, as well as adjustments for non-participation by selected sample persons. In order to produce national, representative estimates, the appropriate sample weights must be used.
For the 2003-2004 NHANES, there were 12,761 persons selected; of these 9,643 were considered respondents to the MEC examination and data collection. However, only 9,034 of the MEC respondents provided complete dietary intakes for Day 1. Furthermore, of those providing the Day 1 data, only 8,354 provided complete dietary intakes for Day 2.
Most analyses of NHANES data use data collected in the MEC and the variable WTMEC2YR should be used for the sample weights. However, for the dietary data, different sample weights are recommended for analysis. Although attempts are made to schedule MEC exams uniformly throughout the week, proportionally more exams occur on weekend days than on weekdays. Because food intake can vary by day of week, use of the MEC weights would disproportionately represent intakes on weekends.
A set of weights WTDRD1 is provided that should be used when an analysis uses the Day 1 dietary recall data (either alone or when Day 1 nutrient data are used in conjunction with MEC data). The set of weights WTDRD1 is applicable to the 9,034 respondents with Day 1 data. Day 1 weights were constructed by taking the MEC sample weights (WTMEC2YR) and further adjusting for (a) the additional non-response and (b) the differential allocation by day of the week for the dietary intake data collection. These Day 1 weights are more variable than the MEC weights, and the sample size is smaller, so estimated standard errors using Day 1 data and Day 1 weights are larger than standard errors for similar estimates based on MEC weights.
When analysis is based on both days of dietary intake, only the 8,354 sample persons have valid data. The NHANES protocol requires an attempt to collect the second day of dietary data at least 3 days after the first day, but the actual number of days between the two days is variable. A set of adjusted weights, WTDR2D, is to be used only when analysis uses both Day 1 and Day 2 dietary data. This two-day weight was constructed for the 8,354 respondents by taking the Day 1 weights (WTDRD1) and further adjusting for (a) the additional non-response for the second recall and (b) for the proportion of weekend-weekday combinations of Day 1 and Day 2 recalls.
Note that all sample weights are person-level weights and each set of weights should add to the same population control total as the MEC weights (WTMEC2YR). In addition, the MEC weights (WTMEC2YR) are appropriate for use in the analysis of the fish and shellfish consumption data (i.e., variables DRD340, DRD350A-K, DRD350AQ-JQ, DRD360, DRD370A-V, and DRD370AQ-UQ) located in the Day 1 Total Nutrient Intake File (DR1TOT_C), if no other dietary data are included in the analysis. Additional explanation of sample weights and appropriate uses are included in the NHANES Analytic Guidelines. Please also refer to the Analytic Guidelines for further details on other analytic issues at
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/survey_methods.htm.
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 to 42 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
887.3695022 to 293828.97477 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
708.63828227 to 374736.26978 | Range of Values | 121678 | 121678 | |
. | Missing | 9486 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Reliable and met the minimum criteria | 129373 | 129373 | |
2 | Not reliable or not met the minimum criteria | 0 | 129373 | |
4 | Reported consuming breast-milk | 1791 | 131164 | |
5 | Not done | 0 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 to 91 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yes | 1803 | 1803 | |
2 | No | 129361 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Day 1 only | 9486 | 9486 | |
2 | Day 1 and day 2 | 121678 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sunday | 22209 | 22209 | |
2 | Monday | 9039 | 31248 | |
3 | Tuesday | 12003 | 43251 | |
4 | Wednesday | 10514 | 53765 | |
5 | Thursday | 13389 | 67154 | |
6 | Friday | 34608 | 101762 | |
7 | Saturday | 29402 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | English | 116400 | 116400 | |
2 | Spanish | 13015 | 129415 | |
3 | English and Spanish | 1569 | 130984 | |
4 | Other | 122 | 131106 | |
. | Missing | 58 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 14 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | Non-combination food | 68771 | 68771 | |
1 | Beverage w/ additions | 10074 | 78845 | |
2 | Cereal w/ additions | 6664 | 85509 | |
3 | Bread/baked products w/ additions | 6738 | 92247 | |
4 | Salad | 5452 | 97699 | |
5 | Sandwiches | 15933 | 113632 | |
6 | Soup | 756 | 114388 | |
7 | Frozen meals | 42 | 114430 | |
8 | Ice cream/frozen yogurt w/ additions | 507 | 114937 | |
9 | Dried beans and vegetable w/ additions | 4572 | 119509 | |
10 | Fruit w/ additions | 344 | 119853 | |
11 | Tortilla products | 3776 | 123629 | |
12 | Meat, poultry, fish | 3019 | 126648 | |
13 | Lunchables | 172 | 126820 | |
14 | Chips w/ additions | 607 | 127427 | |
90 | Other mixtures | 3737 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
00:00 to 23:59 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Breakfast | 22953 | 22953 | |
2 | Lunch | 26899 | 49852 | |
3 | Dinner | 28338 | 78190 | |
4 | Supper | 6836 | 85026 | |
5 | Brunch | 975 | 86001 | |
6 | Snack | 23859 | 109860 | |
7 | Drink | 4890 | 114750 | |
8 | Infant feeding | 3512 | 118262 | |
9 | Extended consumption | 1448 | 119710 | |
10 | Desayano (breakfast) | 1611 | 121321 | |
11 | Almuerzo (breakfast) | 1881 | 123202 | |
12 | Comida (lunch) | 2648 | 125850 | |
13 | Merienda (snack) | 696 | 126546 | |
14 | Cena (dinner) | 2694 | 129240 | |
15 | Entre comida (snack) | 568 | 129808 | |
16 | Botana (snack) | 344 | 130152 | |
17 | Bocadillo (snack) | 602 | 130754 | |
18 | Tentempie (snack) | 32 | 130786 | |
19 | Bebida (drink) | 372 | 131158 | |
91 | Other | 4 | 131162 | |
99 | Don't know | 2 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Store | 94379 | 94379 | |
2 | Restaurant with waiter/waitress | 9187 | 103566 | |
3 | Restaurant fast food/pizza | 11248 | 114814 | |
4 | Bar/tavern/lounge | 309 | 115123 | |
5 | Restaurant no additional information | 28 | 115151 | |
6 | Cafeteria not at school | 1115 | 116266 | |
7 | Cafeteria at school | 3741 | 120007 | |
8 | Child care center | 523 | 120530 | |
9 | Family/adult day care center | 27 | 120557 | |
10 | Soup kitchen/shelter/food pantry | 21 | 120578 | |
11 | Meals on Wheels | 82 | 120660 | |
12 | Community food program - other | 244 | 120904 | |
13 | Community program no additional information | 5 | 120909 | |
14 | Vending machine | 524 | 121433 | |
15 | Common coffee pot or snack tray | 537 | 121970 | |
16 | From someone else/gift | 5211 | 127181 | |
17 | Mail order purchase | 100 | 127281 | |
18 | Residential dining facility | 797 | 128078 | |
19 | Grown or caught by you or someone you know | 594 | 128672 | |
20 | Fish caught by you or someone you know | 38 | 128710 | |
24 | Sport, recreation, or entertainment facility | 491 | 129201 | |
25 | Street vendor, vending truck | 543 | 129744 | |
91 | Other, specify | 100 | 129844 | |
99 | Don't know | 47 | 129891 | |
. | Missing | 1273 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yes | 88905 | 88905 | |
2 | No | 41220 | 130125 | |
7 | Refused | 0 | 130125 | |
9 | Don't know | 2 | 130127 | |
. | Missing | 1037 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
11000000 to 94210100 | Range of Values | 131164 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
100000 to 206571 | Range of Values | 3568 | 3568 | |
0 | No modification | 127596 | 131164 | |
. | Missing | 0 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.03 to 8640 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 4114 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 304.06 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 753.27 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 710.48 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 59.2 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 187.3 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 81.512 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 85.873 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 70.708 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1372 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 74.52 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 44.709 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 15890 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 15923 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 22416 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 48027 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 7293 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 119460 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 49772 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 5.759 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 7.041 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 77.632 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 7.914 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 3608 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 3564 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1230 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 6103 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 170.93 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Code or Value | Value Description | Count | Cumulative | Skip to Item |
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0 to 23.625 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1043.3 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2187.7 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 4288 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 3464 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1212 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 86.46 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 152.56 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 29.997 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 9666 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 7448 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 523.4 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2486 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1060 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 453.6 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 8502.96 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 4.183 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2.476 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 11.227 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 7.79 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 21.126 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 12.974 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 42.583 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 22.088 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 8.526 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 78.218 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2.736 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 3.875 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 70.485 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 8.638 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 0.472 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 1.192 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2.03 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 0.524 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
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0 to 2.547 | Range of Values | 130285 | 130285 | |
. | Missing | 879 | 131164 |
Day 1 Name | Day 2 Name | Variable Label |
SEQN | SEQN | Respondent sequence number |
DR1ILINE | DR2ILINE | Food/individual component number |
WTDRD1 | WTDRD1 | Dietary day one sample weight |
WTDR2D | WTDR2D | Dietary two-day sample weight |
DR1DRSTZ | DR2DRSTZ | Dietary recall status |
DR1EXMER | DR2EXMER | Interviewer ID code |
DRABF | DRABF | Breast fed infant (either day) |
DRDINT | DRDINT | Number of days of intake |
DR1DAY | DR2DAY | Intake day of week |
DR1LANG | DR2LANG | Language SP/Proxy used mostly |
DR1CCMNM | DR2CCMNM | Combination food number |
DR1CCMTX | DR2CCMTX | Combination food type |
DR1_020 | DR2_020 | Time of eating occasion (HH:MM) |
DR1_030Z | DR2_030Z | Name of eating occasion |
DR1FS | DR2FS | Source of food |
DR1_040Z | DR2_040Z | Was this food eaten at home? |
DR1IFDCD | DR2IFDCD | USDA food code |
DR1MC | DR2MC | Modification code |
DR1IGRMS | DR2IGRMS | Grams |
DR1IKCAL | DR2IKCAL | Energy (kcal) |
DR1IPROT | DR2IPROT | Protein (gm) |
DR1ICARB | DR2ICARB | Carbohydrate (gm) |
DR1ISUGR | DR2ISUGR | Total sugars (gm) |
DR1IFIBE | DR2IFIBE | Dietary fiber (gm) |
DR1ITFAT | DR2ITFAT | Total fat (gm) |
DR1ISFAT | DR2ISFAT | Total saturated fatty acids (gm) |
DR1IMFAT | DR2IMFAT | Total monounsaturated fatty acids (gm) |
DR1IPFAT | DR2IPFAT | Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (gm) |
DR1ICHOL | DR2ICHOL | Cholesterol (mg) |
DR1IATOC | DR2IATOC | Vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg) |
DR1IATOA | DR2IATOA | Added alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E) (mg) |
DR1IRET | DR2IRET | Retinol (mcg) |
DR1IVARA | DR2IVARA | Vitamin A, RAE (mcg) |
DR1IACAR | DR2IACAR | Alpha-carotene (mcg) |
DR1IBCAR | DR2IBCAR | Beta-carotene (mcg) |
DR1ICRYP | DR2ICRYP | Beta-cryptoxanthin (mcg) |
DR1ILYCO | DR2ILYCO | Lycopene (mcg) |
DR1ILZ | DR2ILZ | Lutein + zeaxanthin (mcg) |
DR1IVB1 | DR2IVB1 | Thiamin (Vitamin B1) (mg) |
DR1IVB2 | DR2IVB2 | Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (mg) |
DR1INIAC | DR2INIAC | Niacin (mg) |
DR1IVB6 | DR2IVB6 | Vitamin B6 (mg) |
DR1IFOLA | DR2IFOLA | Total Folate (mcg) |
DR1IFA | DR2IFA | Folic acid (mcg) |
DR1IFF | DR2IFF | Food folate (mcg) |
DR1IFDFE | DR2IFDFE | Folate, DFE (mcg) |
DR1IVB12 | DR2IVB12 | Vitamin B12 (mcg) |
DR1IB12A | DR2IB12A | Added vitamin B12 (mcg) |
DR1IVC | DR2IVC | Vitamin C (mg) |
DR1IVK | DR2IVK | Vitamin K (mcg) |
DR1ICALC | DR2ICALC | Calcium (mg) |
DR1IPHOS | DR2IPHOS | Phosphorus (mg) |
DR1IMAGN | DR2IMAGN | Magnesium (mg) |
DR1IIRON | DR2IIRON | Iron (mg) |
DR1IZINC | DR2IZINC | Zinc (mg) |
DR1ICOPP | DR2ICOPP | Copper (mg) |
DR1ISODI | DR2ISODI | Sodium (mg) |
DR1IPOTA | DR2IPOTA | Potassium (mg) |
DR1ISELE | DR2ISELE | Selenium (mcg) |
DR1ICAFF | DR2ICAFF | Caffeine (mg) |
DR1ITHEO | DR2ITHEO | Theobromine (mg) |
DR1IALCO | DR2IALCO | Alcohol (gm) |
DR1IMOIS | DR2IMOIS | Moisture (gm) |
DR1IS040 | DR2IS040 | SFA 4:0 (Butanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS060 | DR2IS060 | SFA 6:0 (Hexanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS080 | DR2IS080 | SFA 8:0 (Octanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS100 | DR2IS100 | SFA 10:0 (Decanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS120 | DR2IS120 | SFA 12:0 (Dodecanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS140 | DR2IS140 | SFA 14:0 (Tetradecanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS160 | DR2IS160 | SFA 16:0 (Hexadecanoic) (gm) |
DR1IS180 | DR2IS180 | SFA 18:0 (Octadecanoic) (gm) |
DR1IM161 | DR2IM161 | MFA 16:1 (Hexadecenoic) (gm) |
DR1IM181 | DR2IM181 | MFA 18:1 (Octadecenoic) (gm) |
DR1IM201 | DR2IM201 | MFA 20:1 (Eicosenoic) (gm) |
DR1IM221 | DR2IM221 | MFA 22:1 (Docosenoic) (gm) |
DR1IP182 | DR2IP182 | PFA 18:2 (Octadecadienoic) (gm) |
DR1IP183 | DR2IP183 | PFA 18:3 (Octadecatrienoic) (gm) |
DR1IP184 | DR2IP184 | PFA 18:4 (Octadecatetraenoic) (gm) |
DR1IP204 | DR2IP204 | PFA 20:4 (Eicosatetraenoic) (gm) |
DR1IP205 | DR2IP205 | PFA 20:5 (Eicosapentaenoic) (gm) |
DR1IP225 | DR2IP225 | PFA 22:5 (Docosapentaenoic) (gm) |
DR1IP226 | DR2IP226 | PFA 22:6 (Docosahexaenoic) (gm) |
Food energy (kcal)
Protein (g)
Carbohydrate (g)
Fat, total (g)
Alcohol (g)
Sugars, total (g)
Dietary fiber, total (g)
Water (g)
Saturated fatty acids, total (g)
Monounsaturated fatty acids, total (g)
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, total (g)
Cholesterol (mg)
Individual fatty acids:
4:0 (g)
6:0 (g)
8:0 (g)
10:0 (g)
12:0 (g)
14:0 (g)
16:0 (g)
18:0 (g)
16:1 (g)
18:1 (g)
20:1 (g)
22:1 (g)
18:2 (g)
18:3 (g)
18:4 (g)
20:4 (g)
20:5 n-3 (g)
22:5 n-3 (g)
22:6 n-3 (g)
Vitamin A as retinol activity equivalents (μg)
Retinol (μg)
Carotenoids:
Carotene, alpha (μg)
Carotene, beta (μg)
Cryptoxanthin, beta (μg)
Lycopene (μg)
Lutein + zeaxanthin (μg)
Vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg)
Added vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg)
Vitamin K as phylloquinone (μg)
Vitamin C (mg)
Thiamin (mg)
Riboflavin (mg)
Niacin (mg)
Vitamin B-6 (mg)
Folate, total (μg)
Folate as dietary folate equivalents (μg)
Folic acid (μg)
Food folate (μg)
Vitamin B-12 (μg)
Added vitamin B-12 (μg)
Calcium (mg)
Iron (mg)
Magnesium (mg)
Phosphorus (mg)
Potassium (mg)
Sodium (mg)
Zinc (mg)
Copper (mg)
Selenium (μg)
Caffeine (mg)
Theobromine (mg)
Two technical support files are included with the Individual Foods Files: the Food Code Description file (DRXFCD_C) and the Modification Code Description file (DRXMCD_C). The DRXFCD_C file includes abbreviated descriptions (up to 60 characters) and complete descriptions (up to 200 characters) associated with each USDA food code identified in the Individual Foods Files. The DRXMCD_C file includes descriptions associated with each modification code identified in the Individual Foods Files.
The Food Code Description File (DRXFCD_C) contains three variables:
The Modification Code Description File (DRXMCD_C) contains two variables:
The following SQL code is an example of appending the modifications code description (here called DR1MCD) to one of the individual foods files. This code is for SAS® Proc SQL. Other SQL implementations may be different. This same technique may be used for the Food Code Description File as well.
proc sql;
create table dr1iff_c_plus as
select a.*, b.drxmcd as dr1mcd
from nhanes.dr1iff_c a
left join
nhanes.drxmcd_c b
on a.dr1mc = b.drxmc
order by seqn, dr1iline;
quit;
SAS® users may wish to use Proc Format to assign labels to the food codes or to the modification codes. The following example assigns a permanent format to the food code based on the short description. It is assumed that the user has stored the Individual Foods Files and the Food Code Description file in a library called NHANES and wishes to store the formats there as well.
Options FmtSearch = (NHANES);
Data DRXFMT;
Set NHANES.DRXFCD_C;
Retain FMTNAME 'DRDIFDCD';
Rename DRDIFDCD = Start;
Rename DRXFCSD = Value;
Drop DRXFCLD;
Run;
Proc Format CntlIn= DRXFMT Library=NHANES;
Run;
Proc DataSets Lib=NHANES;
Modify DR1IFF_C;
Format DR1IFDCD DRDIFDCD.;
Modify DR2IFF_C;
Format DR2IFDCD DRDIFDCD.;
Quit;