Judicial Review of Agency Action

This page provides access to many of the recommendations, publications, and other materials related to judicial review that have been prepared by ACUS or for its consideration.

Please contact Jeremy Graboyes (jgraboyes@acus.gov) for more information or to provide additions, updates, or corrections.

• Administrative Record for Judicial Review

• Attorney’s Fees

• Availability of Judicial Review (see Judicial Review, Generally)

• Binding Effect of Agency Rules

• Deference to Agency Interpretations of Law

• Enforcement of Agency Orders (see Remedies)

• Final Agency Action (throughout)

• Forum and Venue

• Injunctions (see Remedies)

• Issue Exhaustion

• Judicial Review, Generally

• Jurisdiction (see Judicial Review, Generally)

• Nationwide Injunctions (see Remedies)

• Record (see Administrative Record for Judicial Review)

• Remedies

• Rules, Judicial Review of

• Standard of Review (throughout)

• Whole Record (see Administrative Record for Judicial Review)

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ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2013-4, Administrative Record in Informal Rulemaking

Publications and Reports

• Leland E. Beck, Agency Practices and Judicial Review of Administrative Records in Informal Rulemaking (May 14, 2013)

Working Groups

• Working Group on Compiling Administrative Records

 

ATTORNEY’S FEES

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 92-5, Streamlining Attorney’s Fee Litigation Under the Equal Access to Justice Act

Publications and Reports

• Harold J. Krent, Monitoring the Federal Government’s Conduct Through Fee Shifting Under the Equal Access to Justice Act: An Inconclusive Experiment (1992)

 

BINDING EFFECT OF AGENCY RULES

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2019-1, Agency Guidance Through Interpretive Rules

• Recommendation 2017-5, Agency Guidance Through Policy Statements

Publications and Reports

• Blake Emerson & Ronald M. Levin, Agency Guidance Through Interpretive Rules: Research and Analysis (May 28, 2019)

• Nicholas R. Parrillo, Federal Agency Guidance: An Institutional Perspective (Oct. 12, 2017)

News Releases and Blog Posts

• Blake Emerson & Ronald M. Levin, Interpretive Rules in Practice (Nov. 1, 2019) (originally published on The Regulatory Review)

• Nicholas Parrillo, Understanding and Addressing Controversies About Agency Guidance (Mar. 5, 2018) (originally published on The Regulatory Review)

 

DEFERENCE TO AGENCY INTERPRETATIONS OF LAW

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2019-1, Agency Guidance Through Interpretive Rules

• Recommendation 89-5, Achieving Judicial Acceptance of Agency Statutory Interpretations

• Recommendation 81-2, Current Versions of the Bumpers Amendment

• Recommendation 79-6, Elimination of the Presumption of Validity of Agency Rules and Regulations in Judicial Review, as Exemplified by the Bumpers Amendment

Publications and Reports

• Robert A. Anthony, Which Agency Interpretations Should Bind Citizens and the Courts?, 7 Yale J. on Reg. 1 (1990)

• Ronald M. Levin, Review of “Jurisdictional” Issues Under the Bumpers Amendment, 1983 Duke L.J. 355 (1983)

• Ronald M. Levin, Judicial Review and the Bumpers Amendment (1979)

 

FORUM AND VENUE

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2012-6, Reform of 28 U.S.C. Section 1500

• Recommendation 82-3, Federal Venue Provisions Applicable to Suits Against the Government

• Recommendation 80-5, Eliminating or Simplifying the “Race to the Courthouse” in Appeals from Agency Action

• Recommendation 76-4, Judicial Review Under the Clean Air Act and Federal Water Pollution Control Act

• Recommendation 75-3, The Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Administrative Action

Publications and Reports

• Emily Schleicher Bremer & Jonathan R. Siegel, Clearing the Path to Justice: The Need to Reform 28 U.S.C. § 1500 (Sep. 19, 2012)

• Sen. Paul Laxalt, Linden H. Kettlewell, Nicholas C. Yost & David P. Currie, Venue at the Crossroads, Nat’l Legal Ctr. for the Pub. Interest (Feb. 1982)

• Thomas O. McGarity, Multi-Party Forum Shopping for Appellate Review of Administrative Action, 129 U. Pa. L. Rev. 302 (1980)

• David P. Currie, Judicial Review Under Federal Pollution Laws, 62 Iowa L. Rev. 1221 (1977)

• David P. Currie & Frank I. Goodman, Judicial Review of Federal Administrative Action: Quest for the Optimum Forum, 75 Colum. L. Rev. 1 (1975)

 

ISSUE EXHAUSTION

Assembly Recommendations

• Statement #19: Issue Exhaustion in Pre-Enforcement Judicial Review of Administrative Rulemaking (2015)

Publications and Reports

• Jeffrey S. Lubbers, Fail to Comment at Your Own Risk: Does Issue Exhaustion Have a Place in Judicial Review of Rules? (May 5, 2015)

 

JUDICIAL REVIEW, GENERALLY

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 91-9, Specialized Review of Administrative Action

• Recommendation 88-6, Judicial Review of Preliminary Challenges to Agency Action

• Recommendation 82-6, Federal Officials’ Liability for Constitutional Violations

• Recommendation 78-3, Time Limits on Agency Actions

• Recommendation 70-1, Parties Defendant

• Recommendation 69-1, Statutory Reform of the Sovereign Immunity Doctrine

• Recommendation 68-7, Elimination of Jurisdictional Amount Requirement in Judicial Review

Publications and Reports

• Federal Administrative Procedure Sourcebook, Judicial Review of Agency Action

• Harold H. Bruff, Specialized Courts in Administrative Law, 43 Admin. L. Rev. 329 (1991)

• Thomas O. Sargentich, The Jurisdiction of Federal Courts in Administrative Cases: Developments, 41 Admin. L. Rev. 201 (1989)

• Thomas J. Madden & Nicholas W. Allard, Advice on Official Liability and Immunity (1982)

• Edward A. Tomlinson, Report on the Experience of Various Agencies with Statutory Time Limits Applicable to Licensing or Clearance Functions and to Rulemaking (1978)

• Roger C. Cramton, Report of the Committee on Judicial Review in Support of Recommendation No. 18 (Parties Defendant) (1970)

• Roger C. Cramton, Nonstatutory Review of Federal Administrative Action: The Need for Statutory Reform of Sovereign Immunity, Subject Matter Jurisdiction, and Parties Defendant, 68 Mich. L. Rev. 387 (1970)

• Roger C. Cramton, Report of the Committee on Judicial Review in Support of Recommendation No. 7 (1968)

Current Projects

• Sourcebook of Federal Judicial Review Statues

• Agency Litigation Webpages

News Releases and Blog Posts

• Guide to Judicial Review of Federal Administrative Action (June 5, 2018)

 

REMEDIES

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2018-2, Severability in Agency Rulemaking

• Recommendation 2013-6, Remand Without Vacatur

• Recommendation 80-2, Enforcement of Petroleum Price Regulations

• Recommendation 71-8, Modification and Dissolution of Orders and Injunctions

• Recommendation 69-2, Judicial Enforcement of Orders of the National Labor Relations Board

Publications and Reports

• Charles W. Tyler & E. Donald Elliott, Tailoring the Scope of Judicial Remedies in Administrative Law (May 4, 2018)

• Stephanie J. Tatham, The Unusual Remedy of Remand Without Vacatur (Jan. 3, 2014)

• Recommendation 80-2, Enforcement of Petroleum Price Regulations

• Edward A. Tomlinson, Modification and Dissolution of Administrative Orders and Injunctions, 31 Md. L. Rev. 312 (1971)

• Report of the Committee on Judicial Review in Support of Recommendation No. 10 (Judicial Enforcement of Orders of the National Labor Relations Board)

Forums and Workshops

• Nationwide Injunctions and Federal Regulatory Programs (Feb. 12, 2020)

• Transcript of Forum on Nationwide Injuctions and Federal Regulatory Programs (Feb. 12, 2020)

News Releases and Blog Posts

• Experts Debate Nationwide Injunctions at February 12 ACUS Co-Sponsored Forum (Feb. 25, 2020)

• ACUS to Co-Host Forum on "Nationwide Injunctions and Federal Regulatory Programs" (Jan. 31, 2020)

• Charles Tyler, Severability in Agency Rulemaking (Oct. 31, 2018) (originally published on The Regulatory Review)

 

RULES, JUDICIAL REVIEW OF

Assembly Recommendations

• Recommendation 2018-2, Severability in Agency Rulemaking

• Statement #19: Issue Exhaustion in Pre-Enforcement Judicial Review of Administrative Rulemaking (2015)

• Recommendation 93-4, Improving the Environment for Agency Rulemaking

• Recommendation 91-5, Facilitating the Use of Rulemaking by the National Labor Relations Board

• Recommendation 82-7, Judicial Review of Rules in Enforcement Proceedings

• Recommendation 81-2, Current Versions of the Bumpers Amendment

• Recommendation 79-6, Elimination of the Presumption of Validity of Agency Rules and Regulations in Judicial Review, as Exemplified by the Bumpers Amendment

• Recommendation 74-4, Preenforcement Judicial Review of Rules of General Applicability

Publications and Reports

• Charles W. Tyler & E. Donald Elliott, Tailoring the Scope of Judicial Remedies in Administrative Law (May 4, 2018)

• Jeffrey S. Lubbers, Fail to Comment at Your Own Risk: Does Issue Exhaustion Have a Place in Judicial Review of Rules? (May 5, 2015)

• Morton Rosenberg, The Critical Need for Effective Congressional Review of Agency Rules: Background and Considerations for Incremental Reform (July 18, 2012)

• Jerry L. Mashaw, Improving the Environment of Agency Rulemaking: An Essay on Management, Games, and Accountability, 57 Law & Contemporary Probs. 185 (1994)

• Mark H. Grunewald, The NLRB’s First Rulemaking: An Exercise in Pragmatism, 41 Duke L.J. 274 (1991)

• Paul R. Verkuil, Congressional Limitations on Judicial Review of Rules, 57 Tul. L. Rev. 733 (1983)

• Ronald M. Levin, Review of “Jurisdictional” Issues Under the Bumpers Amendment, 1983 Duke L.J. 355 (1983)

• Ronald M. Levin, Judicial Review and the Bumpers Amendment (1979)

• Preenforcement Judicial Review of Rules of General Applicability (1974)