BJS: Bureau of Justice Statistics

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Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)
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Employment and Expenditure
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Every year since 1980, BJS has extracted justice expenditure and employment data from the Census Bureau's Annual Government Finance Survey and Annual Survey of Public Employment. BJS publishes these data in the Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts series, which presents estimates of government expenditures and employment for the following justice categories: police protection, all legal and judicial functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections. This series includes national, federal, state, and large local governments (counties with populations of 500,000 or more and cities with populations of 300,000 or more). The unit of analysis in the Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts series is the government. For example, the corrections employment reported for a particular state represents the total of all correctional personnel employed by that state, regardless of which prison, probation office, or other corrections agency employs them.

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Publications & Products


State and Local Government Expenditures on Police Protection in the U.S., 2000-2017 This report presents statistics on state and local expenditures on police protection from 2000 to 2017, based on data from BJS's Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts series.
  Full report (PDF 454K) | Data tables (Zip format 16K)

Justice Expenditure And Employment Extracts, 2016 - Preliminary Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 101K) | User Guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure And Employment Extracts, 2015 - Final Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 100K) | User Guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure And Employment Extracts, 2014 - Final Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 101K) | User Guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts, 2011 - Final Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 129K) | User guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts, 2012 - Final Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 116K) | User guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts, 2013 - Final Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 111K) | User guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts, 2014 - Preliminary Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 123K) | User guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Expenditure and Employment Extracts, 2015 - Preliminary Presents estimates of government expenditures and employment at the national, federal, state, and local levels for the following justice categories: police protection, all judicial and legal functions (including prosecution, courts, and public defense), and corrections.
  Data tables (Zip format 135K) | User guide (PDF 276K)
Part of the Justice Expenditure and Employment Series

Justice Assistance Grant Program, 2016 Describes the steps used in the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) formula calculation process and presents summary results of the fiscal year (FY) 2016 calculations.
  Full report (PDF 485K) | ASCII file (41K) | CSV (Comma-delimited format) (Zip format 7K)
Part of the Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program Series

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Terms & Definitions

Direct expenditure All expenditure except that classified as inter­govern­mental. It includes "direct current expenditure" (salaries, wages, fees, commissions and purchases of supplies, materials, and contractual services) and "capital outlays" (con­struction and purchase of equipment, land, and existing structures). Capital outlays are included for the year when the direct expenditure is made, regardless of how the funds are raised (for example, by bond issue) or when they are paid back.
 
Full-time employees All persons employed on a full-time basis, including all full-time temporary or seasonal workers who were employed during this pay period.
 
Full-time equivalent employment A statistical measure that estimates the number of full-time employees that could have been employed if the reported number of hours worked by part-time employees had been worked by full-time employees.
 
Intergovernmental expenditure The sum of payments from one government to another, including grants-in-aid, shared revenues, payments in lieu of taxes, and amounts for services performed by one government for another on a reimbursable or cost-sharing basis (for example, payments by one government to another for boarding prisoners). It excludes amounts paid to other governments for purchase of commodities, property, or utility services.
 
Judicial and legal services Includes all civil and criminal courts and acti­vities associated with courts, such as law libraries, grand juries, petit juries, medical and social service activities, court reporters, judicial councils, bailiffs, and probate functions. It also includes the civil and criminal justice activities of the attorneys general, dis­trict attorneys, state's attorneys, and their variously named equivalents and corporation coun­sels, solicitors, and legal departments with various names. It excludes legal units of noncriminal justice agencies, whose functions may be performed by a legal services department in other jurisdictions (such as a county counsel).
 
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