Our population statistics cover age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, migration, ancestry, language use, veterans, as well as population estimates and projections.
The U.S. Census Bureau is the official source of statistical data tracking the national economy.
Business is a large part of America's diverse economy. This section provides key information about businesses in your community.
This section provides information on a range of educational topics, from educational attainment and school enrollment to school districts, costs and financing.
Prepare for Emergencies, Natural and Man-made Disasters using U.S. Census Bureau's data and statistics
We measure the state of the nation's workforce, including employment and unemployment levels, weeks and hours worked, occupations, and commuting.
Our statistics highlight trends in household and family composition, describe characteristics of the residents of housing units, and show how they are related.
Health statistics on insurance coverage, disability, fertility and other health issues are increasingly important in measuring the nation’s overall well-being.
We measure the housing and construction industry, track homeownership rates, and produce statistics on the physical and financial characteristics of our homes.
Income is the gauge many use to determine the well-being of the U.S. population. Survey and census questions cover poverty, income, and wealth.
The U.S. Census Bureau is the official source for U.S. export and import statistics and regulations governing the reporting of exports from the U.S.
The U.S. Census Bureau provides data for the Federal, state and local governments as well as voting, redistricting, apportionment and congressional affairs.
Geography is central to the work of the Bureau, providing the framework for survey design, sample selection, data collection, tabulation, and dissemination.
Find resources on how to use geographic data and products with statistical data, educational blog postings, and presentations.
The Geographic Support System Initiative will integrate improved address coverage, spatial feature updates, and enhanced quality assessment and measurement.
Work with interactive mapping tools from across the Census Bureau.
Find geographic data and products such as Shapefiles, KMLs, TIGERweb, boundary files, geographic relationship files, and reference and thematic maps.
Metropolitan and micropolitan areas are geographic entities used by Federal statistical agencies in collecting, tabulating, and publishing Federal statistics.
Find information about specific partnership programs and learn more about our partnerships with other organizations.
Definitions of geographic terms, why geographic areas are defined, and how the Census Bureau defines geographic areas.
We conduct research on geographic topics such as how to define geographic areas and how geography changes over time.
Official audio files from the Census Bureau, including "Profile America," a daily series of bite-sized statistics, placing current data in a historical context.
Stock photos that illustrate official Census Bureau operations and activities.
Read briefs and reports from Census Bureau experts.
Watch Census Bureau vignettes, testimonials, and video files.
Explore Census data with infographics and visualizations covering a broad range of topics.
Read research analyses from Census Bureau experts.
Find information using interactive applications to get statistics from multiple surveys.
Developer portal to access services and documentation for the Census Bureau's APIs.
Explore Census Bureau data on your mobile device with interactive tools.
Find a multitude of DVDs, CDs and publications in print by topic.
These external sites provide more data.
The Census Bureau reuses data from other agencies to cut the cost of data collection and to reduce the burden on people who respond to our censuses and surveys.
Download extraction tools to help you get the in-depth data you need.
Learn more about our data from this collection of e-tutorials, presentations, webinars and other training materials. Sign up for training sessions.
Explore Census data with infographics and visualizations covering a broad range of topics.
If you have received a survey, this site will help you verify that the survey came from us, understand and complete the form, and know how we protect your data.
The U.S. Census Bureau is researching modern and cost-efficient methods for the population to exercise its civic obligation to be counted in the 2020 Census.
Tests in 2017 will continue research on modern and cost-efficient methods to conduct the 2020 Census.
The 2018 End-to-End Census Test will take place in Pierce County, Wash.; Providence County, R.I.; and the Bluefield-Beckley-Oak Hill, W.Va., area.
National and state population totals from the 2010 Census were released on December 21, 2010
The American Community Survey is the premier source for information about America's changing population, housing and workforce.
The AHS is sponsored by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau.
The Economic Census is the U.S. government's official five-year measure of American business and the economy.
Basic enumerations of population, housing units, group quarters and transitory locations conducted by the Census Bureau at the request of a governmental unit.
Collects data and measures change for many topics including: economic well-being, family dynamics, education, assets, health insurance, and childcare.
Connect with the U.S. Census Bureau using social media.
Find interesting and quirky statistics regarding national celebrations and major events.
See what's coming up in releases and reports.
Press Kits package information about Census Bureau topics, including media contacts, press releases and fact sheets, story ideas and multimedia resources.
Information about the U.S. Census Bureau.
Information about what we do at the U.S. Census Bureau.
Our researchers explore innovative ways to conduct surveys, increase respondent participation, reduce costs, and improve accuracy.
Learn about other opportunities to collaborate with us.
Explore the rich historical background of an organization with roots almost as old as the nation.
Explore prospective positions available at the U.S. Census Bureau.
Information about the current field vacancies available at the U.S. Census Bureau Regional Offices.
The Census Bureau reuses data from other agencies to cut the cost of data collection and to reduce the burden on people who respond to our censuses and surveys.
Learn more about making the following comparisons:
To learn more about comparing the 2010-2014 ACS 5-year estimates with the 2005-2009 ACS 5-year estimates visit the 5-year to 5-year Comparison Guide page.
Subject Area* | 2014 ACS (2014 ACS 1-Year and 2010-2014 ACS 5-Year) with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS (2014 ACS 1-Year and 2010-2014 ACS 5-Year) with 2010 Census |
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Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Age | Compare with Caution The entire population continually ages into older age groups over time and babies fill in the youngest age group. So, the population of a certain age is made up of a completely different group of people from one time period to the next. Since populations occasionally experience booms/increases (for example, the postwar Baby Boom from 1946-1964) and busts/decreases in births, deaths, or migration, one should not necessarily expect that the population in an age group in Census 2000 should be similar in size or proportion to the population in the same age group in different data year(s). For example, Baby Boomers were age 36 to 54 in Census 2000 while they were age 50 to 68 in the 2014 ACS 1-year, and between ages 46 to 68 in the 2010-2014 5-year period. So, the age group 55 to 59 would show a considerable increase in population when comparing Census 2000 data with the single year or multiyear ACS data. |
Compare | Compare |
Sex |
Compare with Caution Beginning with the 2008 ACS questionnaire, the layout of the sex question response categories was changed to a horizontal side-by-side layout from a vertically stacked layout on the mail paper ACS questionnaire. For more information on differences in the questionnaire, see 2007 ACS Grid-Sequential Test report. |
Compare | Compare |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Race | Compare with Caution Differences between the 2014 ACS and Census 2000 may be the result of demographic changes and/or differences in question wording (the ACS question on race was revised in 2008 to make it consistent with the 2010 Census race question), race reporting, or methodological differences in the population estimates used as ACS controls. |
Compare | Compare with Caution The 2010 Census provides the official counts of the population and housing units for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns. When comparing race data between the ACS and the 2010 Census, we recommend that users compare percent distributions rather than estimates of population totals. |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Hispanic or Latino Origin | Compare with Caution The ACS question on Hispanic origin was revised in 2008 to make it consistent with the 2010 Census Hispanic origin question. Any change, compared with Census 2000, may be due to demographic changes, questionnaire changes, differences in ACS population controls, and/or methodological differences in the population estimates. |
Compare | Compare |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Ancestry | Compare Ancestry is the only item for which a "not reported" category is published since missing ancestries are never assigned or allocated. The extent of missing ancestry answers was higher in Census 2000 than in the ACS. The difference in the level of response may contribute to the difference in the two distributions. |
Compare The content portion of Failed Edit Follow-Up (FEFU) was cancelled for 2013 (learn more in the user notes), which may have contributed to a higher nonresponse rate to the ancestry question. It was 13.8 percent in 2014, compared with 13.6 percent in 2013. We do not assign or impute missing data for ancestry. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Citizenship Status | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Nativity | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Year of Entry | Compare With Caution For data year 2012 and subsequent years, note that the topmost year of entry category in many tables was changed from "2000 or later" to "2010 or later." For data year 2011 and earlier, note that Census 2000 represents data collected as of April 1, 2000 and thus the "2000" year of entry category accounts for the first quarter (Jan-Mar) in 2000 only. The ACS represents data collected throughout the entire year and thus the "2000" year of entry category accounts for the entire year of 2000. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Place of Birth | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Residence 1 Year Ago (Migration) | Do Not Compare The ACS asked for residence 1 year ago whereas Census 2000 asked for residence 5 years ago. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Means of Transportation to Work | Compare The ACS excludes taxicabs in the tabulation category of "public transportation" and includes them in the category "taxicab, motorcycle, bicycle or other means." However, Census 2000 included taxicabs in the "public transportation" tabulation category. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Place of Work | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Private Vehicle Occupancy | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Time Leaving Home | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Travel Time to Work | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Relationship to Householder | Do Not Compare The ACS used a joint relationship/marital status edit and Census 2000 did not. Also, Census 2000 provided more response categories because of a write-in option that was not used in the ACS. Differences in weighting schemes between the census and the ACS could produce inconsistencies in comparisons. |
Compare | Do Not Compare The ACS used a joint relationship/marital status edit and 2010 Census did not. The ACS also has a category for foster children which is not in the 2010 Census. Differences in weighting schemes between the census and the ACS could produce inconsistencies in comparisons. |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Grandparents as Caregivers | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Household/Family Type | Do Not Compare The ACS used a joint relationship/marital status edit and Census 2000 did not--these edits are used to determine categories of family types. Also, Census 2000 provided more response categories because of a write-in option that was not used in the ACS. Differences in weighting schemes between the census and the ACS could produce inconsistencies in comparisons. |
Compare | Do Not Compare The ACS used a joint relationship/marital status edit and 2010 Census did not. The ACS also has a category for foster children, which is not in the 2010 Census. Differences in weighting schemes between the census and the ACS could produce inconsistencies in comparisons. |
Subfamilies | Do Not Compare Due to a write-in option, Census 2000 provided more response categories than the ACS from which to derive estimates of subfamilies. In addition, the weighting schemes that were used to produce the final estimated numbers of subfamilies were different. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Marital Status | Compare The ACS used a joint relationship/marital status edit and Census 2000 did not. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Marital History | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Fertility | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Type of School & School Enrollment | Compare The ACS reference period was 3 months preceding the date of interview, while the Census 2000 reference period was any time since February 1, 2000. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Educational Attainment | Compare The ACS has two separate categories for completing high school - "Regular high school diploma" and "GED or alternative credential." Census 2000 has only one category for completing high school - "HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE - high school diploma or equivalent (for example: GED)." As a result, users may see differences in distributions when comparing Census 2000 to ACS data from 2008 and later years. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Field of Degree | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Ability to Speak English | Compare with Caution In data year 2013, there were a series of changes to data collection operations that could have affected some estimates. For more information, visit the user note for the 2013 data. |
Compare |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Language Spoken at Home | Compare with Caution In data year 2013, there were a series of changes to data collection operations that could have affected some estimates. For more information, visit the user notes for the 2013 data. |
Compare |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Poverty Status of Families and People in Families | Compare with Caution The ACS collects data throughout the year on an on-going, monthly basis and asks for a respondent's income over the "past 12 months." Census 2000, however, collected the income data for a fixed period of time -- "during 1999" (the last calendar year). For example, the 2014 ACS 1-year data reflect incomes over 2013-2014, and the 2010-2014 ACS 5-year data reflect incomes over 2009-2014. In a comparison study between Census 2000 income data and the 2000 ACS, income collected in Census 2000 was found to be about 4 percent higher than that in the 2000 ACS. For more information on the differences of income in the ACS and Census 2000, see Income in the American Community Survey: Comparison to Census 2000 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
Compare with Caution As ACS data are collected every month of the year, adjacent years will have some reference months in common. Hence, comparing the 2014 ACS 1-year with the 2013 ACS 1-year estimates is not an exact comparison of the economic conditions in 2014 with those in 2013. For a discussion of this and related issues, see Hogan, Howard, "Measuring Population Change Using the American Community Survey," Applied Demography in the 21st Century, Steven H. Murdock and David A. Swanson eds., Springer Netherlands, 2008. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Poverty Status of All People in the Poverty Universe | Compare with Caution The ACS collects data throughout the year on an on-going, monthly basis and asks for a respondent's income over the "past 12 months." Census 2000, however, collected the income data for a fixed period of time -- "during 1999" (the last calendar year).For example, the 2014 ACS 1-year data reflect incomes over 2013-2014, and the 2010-2014 ACS 5-year data reflect incomes over 2009-2014. In a comparison study between Census 2000 income data and the 2000 ACS, income collected in Census 2000 was found to be about 4 percent higher than that in the 2000 ACS. For more information on the differences of income in the ACS and Census 2000, see Income in the American Community Survey: Comparison to Census 2000 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
Compare with Caution As ACS data are collected every month of the year, adjacent years will have some reference months in common. Hence, comparing the 2014 ACS 1-year with the 2013 ACS 1-year estimates is not an exact comparison of the economic conditions in 2014 with those in 2013. For a discussion of this and related issues, see Hogan, Howard, "Measuring Population Change Using the American Community Survey," Applied Demography in the 21st Century, Steven H. Murdock and David A. Swanson eds., Springer Netherlands, 2008. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Hearing / Vision difficulty | Do Not Compare The 2014 ACS disability questions are different from the Census 2000 disability questions, thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Cognitive / Ambulatory / Self-care difficulty | Do Not Compare The 2014 ACS disability questions are different from the Census 2000 disability questions, thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Independent Living difficulty | Do Not Compare The 2014 ACS disability questions are different from the Census 2000 disability questions, thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Household and Family Incomes | Compare with Caution The ACS collects data throughout the year on an on-going, monthly basis and asks for a respondent's income over the "past 12 months." Census 2000, however, collected the income data for a fixed period of time -- "during 1999" (the last calendar year). For example, the 2014 ACS 1-year data reflect incomes over 2013-2014, and the 2010-2014 ACS 5-year data reflect incomes over 2009-2014. In a comparison study between Census 2000 income data and the 2000 ACS, income collected in Census 2000 was found to be about 4 percent higher than that in the 2000 ACS. For more information on the differences of income in the ACS and Census 2000, see Income in the American Community Survey: Comparison to Census 2000 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. The Census Bureau recommends using CPI-U-RS adjustment factors published annually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to adjust 1999 median, mean, and per capita income dollar amounts shown in Census 2000 Summary File 3 to 2014 dollars by multiplying the 1999 dollar amounts by the CPI-U-RS factor of 1.42133224. For CPI-U-RS inflation adjustment factors for other years see Updated CPI-U-RS, All items, 1978-2014 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. Furthermore, direct comparisons of income and earnings distributions between Census 2000 and the 2014 ACS are not possible due to inflation. Users interested in making distribution comparisons need to inflation adjust individual income records using the Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) files from Census 2000. | Compare with Caution As ACS data are collected every month of the year, adjacent years will have some reference months in common. Hence, comparing the 2014 ACS 1-year with the 2013 ACS 1-year estimates is not an exact comparison of the economic conditions in 2014 with those in 2013. For a discussion of this and related issues, see Hogan, Howard, "Measuring Population Change Using the American Community Survey," Applied Demography in the 21st Century, Steven H. Murdock and David A. Swanson eds., Springer Netherlands, 2008. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Sources of Income (households) | Compare with Caution The ACS collects data throughout the year on an on-going, monthly basis and asks for a respondent's income over the "past 12 months." Census 2000, however, collected the income data for a fixed period of time -- "during 1999" (the last calendar year). In a comparison study between Census 2000 income data and the 2000 ACS, income collected in Census 2000 was found to be about 4 percent higher than that in the 2000 ACS. For more information on the differences of income in the ACS and Census 2000, see Income in the American Community Survey: Comparison to Census 2000 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. The Census Bureau recommends using CPI-U-RS adjustment factors published annually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to adjust 1999 median, mean, and per capita income dollar amounts shown in Census 2000 Summary File 3 to 2014 dollars by multiplying the 1999 dollar amounts by the CPI-U-RS factor of 1.42133224. For CPI-U-RS inflation adjustment factors for other years see Updated CPI-U-RS, All items, 1978-2014 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. Furthermore, direct comparisons of income and earnings distributions between Census 2000 and the 2014 ACS are not possible due to inflation. Users interested in making distribution comparisons need to inflation adjust individual income records using the Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) files from Census 2000. |
Compare with Caution As ACS data are collected every month of the year, adjacent years will have some reference months in common. Hence, comparing the 2014 ACS 1-year with the 2013 ACS 1-year estimates is not an exact comparison of the economic conditions in 2014 with those in 2013. For a discussion of this and related issues, see Hogan, Howard, "Measuring Population Change Using the American Community Survey," Applied Demography in the 21st Century, Steven H. Murdock and David A. Swanson eds., Springer Netherlands, 2008. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Per Capita Income, Earnings (people), and Income (people) | Compare with Caution The ACS collects data throughout the year on an on-going, monthly basis and asks for a respondent's income over the "past 12 months." Census 2000, however, collected the income data for a fixed period of time -- "during 1999" (the last calendar year). For example, the 2014 ACS 1-year data reflect incomes over 2013-2014, and the 2010-2014 ACS 5-year data reflect incomes over 2009-2014. In a comparison study between Census 2000 income data and the 2000 ACS, income collected in Census 2000 was found to be about 4 percent higher than that in the 2000 ACS. For more information on the differences of income in the ACS and Census 2000, see Income in the American Community Survey: Comparison to Census 2000 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. The Census Bureau recommends using CPI-U-RS adjustment factors published annually by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to adjust 1999 median, mean, and per capita income dollar amounts shown in Census 2000 Summary File 3 to 2014 dollars by multiplying the 1999 dollar amounts by the CPI-U-RS factor of 1.42133224. For CPI-U-RS inflation adjustment factors for other years see Updated CPI-U-RS, All items, 1978-2014 [PDF - <1.0 MB]. Furthermore, direct comparisons of income and earnings distributions between Census 2000 and the 2014 ACS are not possible due to inflation. Users interested in making distribution comparisons need to inflation adjust individual income records using the Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) files from Census 2000. |
Compare with Caution As ACS data are collected every month of the year, adjacent years will have some reference months in common. Hence, comparing the 2014 ACS 1-year with the 2013 ACS 1-year estimates is not an exact comparison of the economic conditions in 2014 with those in 2013. For a discussion of this and related issues, see Hogan, Howard, "Measuring Population Change Using the American Community Survey," Applied Demography in the 21st Century, Steven H. Murdock and David A. Swanson eds., Springer Netherlands, 2008. For specific questions and answers about sources of poverty data, see Questions and Answers about Sources of Poverty Data [PDF - <1.0 MB]. |
The question was not asked in 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Period of Military Service | Compare Since Census 2000, the period of military service categories on the ACS questionnaire were updated to: 1) include the most recent period "September 2001 or later;" 2) update the Korean War and World War II dates to match the official dates as listed in US Code, Title 38; and 3) collapse peacetime periods between the Vietnam era and the 1990 Gulf War. While the response categories differ slightly from those in Census 2000, data from the two questions can still be compared to one another. |
Compare In 2013, the period of military service categories were revised. Four peacetime categories were collapsed into two categories. Data from this question can still be compared across years. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Veteran Status | Compare with Caution The ACS has two separate questions for veteran status and period of military service, whereas in Census 2000, both were asked in a two part question. The veteran status question itself remained similar until 2013. In 2013, the italicized instruction to the question was removed and the response categories were revised and rearranged. Users should use caution when comparing 2014 ACS data with Census 2000. |
Compare with Caution The Census Bureau introduced an improved veteran status question in the 2013 ACS questionnaire. Accordingly, we recommend using caution when making comparisons of the estimate of the veteran population from 2013 or later with data from prior years. For more information on the revised question and its evaluation in the 2010 ACS Content Test, see the 2010 ACS Content Test Evaluation Report Covering Veteran Status. For more information on the evaluation of the veteran status question on the 2013 ACS, visit the user notes. Additional information can also be found on the Veteran Statistics page. |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Service-Connected Disability Status and Ratings | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Food Stamp Benefit | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Employment Status | Compare with Caution The reference periods are different due to year-round ACS data collection. The ACS reference period is the week prior to the respondent completing the interview, or the field representative conducting the interview. Because questionnaires are mailed-out and field interviews are conducted throughout the year, there is a revolving reference period. For Census 2000, the reference period was the week prior to Census Day (April 1, 2000). The Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF3) labor force data for some places where colleges are located appear to overstate the estimates of people in the labor force, the unemployed, and the percent unemployed because of data capture errors. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Hours Worked | Compare The ACS reference period is 12 months preceding the date of interview, while the Census 2000 reference period was the 1999 calendar year. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Weeks Worked | Compare The ACS reference period is 12 months preceding the date of interview, while the Census 2000 reference period was the 1999 calendar year. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Class of Worker | Compare with Caution The 2014 ACS Industry by Class of Worker tables combine "Unpaid family workers" with "Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers." The Census 2000 tables use different tabulation categories than the ACS. Also, the Census 2000 tables did not include the "full-time, year-round" population and there were no median earnings Class of Worker tables. Thus, comparisons cannot be made for this population or characteristic. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Industry | Compare with Caution Census 2000 industry codes are 3-digit codes based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 1997. The 2014 ACS industry codes are 4-digit codes based on NAICS 2012. Codes and descriptions, particularly within manufacturing, wholesale trade and retail trade sectors changed. For a summary of the 2012 code changes and a Census 2000/2002 to 2012 industry crosswalk, visit the Industry and Occupation page. |
Compare |
The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Occupation | Compare with Caution Census 2000 occupation codes are 3-digit codes based on Standard Occupation Classification (SOC) 2000. The 2014 ACS occupation codes are 4-digit codes based on SOC 2010. Codes and descriptions, particularly within the information technology, healthcare, printing, and human resources occupation categories changed. For a summary of 2010 code changes and a Census 2000/2002 to 2010 occupation crosswalk, visit the Industry and Occupation page. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
---|---|---|---|
Bedrooms | Compare with Caution Beginning in 2008, the ACS bedrooms question contained different wording and response options than the Census 2000 question. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Contract, Gross, and Asking Rent | Do Not Compare For Census 2000, tables were not released for total renter-occupied units. The universe in the ACS is "renter occupied" whereas in Census 2000 the universe was "specified renter-occupied housing units," thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Cost of Utilities | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income | Do Not Compare For Census 2000, tables were not released for total renter-occupied units. The universe in the ACS is "renter occupied" whereas in Census 2000, the universe was "specified renter-occupied housing units," thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
House Heating Fuel | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Kitchen Facilities | Compare with Caution Changes made between 2007 and 2008 to the ACS question wording as well as the response options resulted in an increase in the "Lacking Kitchen Facilities" category compared with pre-2008 ACS and Census 2000. For more details, see Errata #53. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Mortgage Status | Compare The with a mortgage/without a mortgage categories were released in Census 2000 for both total owner-occupied units and specified owner-occupied units. |
Compare | Compare with Caution The question was not asked in the 2010 Census; however, mortgage status can be obtained from the tenure question (owned with a mortgage or loan, including home equity loans; or owned free and clear, without a mortgage or loan). |
Occupants per Room | Do Not Compare Due to the differences in residence rules between ACS and Census 2000, the absense of population controls used to adjust for undercoverage in the reported number of current residences, and the differences in the reported number of rooms due to changes in the room question between 2007 and 2008, comparisons between ACS and Census 2000 are not recommended. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Owner Costs as a Percentage of Household Income | Compare with Caution For Census 2000, tables with full distributions were released for total owner-occupied units but medians were not shown. When available, compare like universes. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Plumbing Facilities | Compare with Caution Changes made between 2007 and 2008 to the ACS question wording as well as the response option resulted in an increase in the "Lacking Plumbing Facilities" category compared with pre-2008 ACS and Census 2000. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Real Estate Taxes | Do Not Compare The universe in the ACS is "owner occupied" whereas in Census 2000, the universe was "specified owner-occupied housing units," thus comparisons cannot be made. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Rooms | Compare with Caution Beginning in 2008, the ACS rooms question contained different wording and response options than the Census 2000 question. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Selected Monthly Owner Costs | Compare with Caution For Census 2000, tables with full distribution were released for total owner-occupied units but medians were not shown. When available, compare like universes. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Telephone Service | Compare with Caution In 2008, there was a change in the wording and response options for the the ACS question on telephone service. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Tenure | Compare | Compare | Compare |
Units in Structure | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Vacancy Status | Do Not Compare Because the ACS and the Decennial Census differ in their design and data collection methods, users should note that estimates of vacancy rates may also differ. For more information on vacancy rates between the ACS and Census, see Comparing 2010 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates of Occupancy Status, Vacancy Status, and Household Size with the 2010 Census - Preliminary Results. |
Compare | Do Not Compare Because the ACS and the Decennial Census differ in their design and data collection methods, users should note that estimates of vacancy rates may also differ. For more information on vacancy rates between the ACS and Census, see Comparing 2010 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates of Occupancy Status, Vacancy Status, and Household Size with the 2010 Census - Preliminary Results. |
Value of Property | Compare with Caution Unlike Census 2000, the ACS allowed a write-in for values over $250,000 until 2007. Beginning in 2008, value was collected as a continuous variable. For Census 2000, tables with full distribution, medians, and aggregate values were released for both specified owner-occupied units as well as total owner-occupied units. ACS only releases tables for total owner-occupied units. When making comparisons users should compare like universes. |
Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Vehicles Available | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Year Moved In | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Year Structure Built | Compare | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
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Group Quarters Population | Compare with Caution The total group quarters (GQ) population in the ACS may not be comparable with Census 2000 because there are some Census 2000 GQ types that were out of scope in the ACS such as domestic violence shelters and soup kitchens. Also, there are some Census 2000 GQ type categories that are no longer valid (e.g., residential care facility providing "Protective Oversight," hospitals/wards for the chronically ill, and hospitals/wards for drug/alcohol abuse). The exclusion of these GQ types from the ACS may result in a small bias in some ACS estimates to the extent that the excluded population is different from the included population. |
Compare | Compare |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
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Health Insurance | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
Topic | 2014 ACS with Census 2000 | 2014 ACS 1-Year with 2013 ACS 1-Year | 2014 ACS with 2010 Census |
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Computer and Internet Use | The question was not asked in Census 2000 | Compare | The question was not asked in the 2010 Census |
* Each subject area is listed with its 2-digit code identifier. This code corresponds to the second and third characters of the ACS table number. For example, Table B08303 - Travel Time to Work has the second and third digits of "08" which corresponds to the subject Journey to Work; Workers; and Commuting.
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