xvEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency For additional information on the Stage 1 DBPR Call the Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1 -800-426-4791; visit the EPA web site at www.epa.gov/safewater; or contact your State drinking water representative. Additional material is available at www.epa.gov/safewater/ mdbp/implement.html. 816F02021 Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfec- tion Byproducts Rule: Laboratory Quick Reference Guide Overview of the Rule Title Purpose General Description Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 63 FR 69390 - 69476, December 16, 1998, Vol. 63, No. 241 Revisions to the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR), the Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR), and Revisions to State Primacy Requirements to Implement the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments 66 FR 3770, January 16, 2001, Vol. 66, No. 29 Improve public health protection by reducing exposure to disinfection byproducts. Some disinfectants and disinfection byproducts (DBPs) have been shown to cause cancer and reproductive effects in lab animals and are suspected to cause bladder cancer and reproductive effects in humans. The Stage 1 DBPR is the first of a staged set of rules that will reduce the allowable levels of DBPs in drinking water. The new rule establishes seven new standards and a treatment technique of enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening to further reduce DBP exposure. The rule is designed to limit capital investments and avoid major shifts in disinfection technologies until additional information is available on the occurrence and health effects of DBPs. Critical Deadlines and Requirements January 1,2002 January 1,2004 Surface water systems and ground water systems under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI) serving > 10,000 people must comply with the Stage 1 DBPR requirements. Surface water systems and GWUDI serving < 10,000, and all ground water systems must comply with the Stage 1 DBPR requirements. TTHM/HAA5 Bromatet Chlorite Chlorine/Chloramines Chlorine dioxide DBP precursors (TOC/Alkalinty/SUVA) Surface and GWUDI serving > 10,000 Surface and GWUDI serving 500 - 9,999 Surface and GWUDI serving < 500 Ground water serving > 10,000 Ground water serving < 10,000 Ozone plants Chlorine dioxide plants All systems Chlorine dioxide plants Conventional filtration systems 4/plant/quarter 1 /plant/quarter 1 /plant/year in month of warmest water temperature* 1 /plant/quarter 1/plant/year in month of warmest water temperature* Monthly at entrance to distribution system Daily at entrance to distribution system; monthly in distribution system Same location and frequency as Total Coliform Rule sampling Daily at entrance to distribution system Monthly for total organic carbon and alkalinity or the SUVA alternative if an MCL is exceeded. optional Bromide monitoring - See Stage 1 ' System must increase monitoring to 1 sample per plant per quarter T Reduced Bromate monitoring may be available based on results of DBPR. Laboratory Considerations Obtain certification (or state approval) to perform new analyses. Become familiar with new monitoring requirements. Prepare for increased number of samples (e.g., storage, supplies, staff). Schedule to accommodate large number of samples, holding times, and demands on instrumentation. ------- TTHM* (Sum of: chloroform bromodichloromethane dibromochloromethane bromoform) EPA 502.2 0.080 EPA 524.2 Sodium thiosultate (immediately acidify to pH<2 with HCI, if VOCs are included In analysis), OR ascorbic acid and immediate acidification to pH<2 with HCI. Samples must be dechlorlnated prior to acidification. 14 days at 4«C 40-120 mL glass w/Teflon-lined septum EPA 551.1 Sodium sulfite or ammonium chloride with a phosphate buffer (pH = 4.5 - 5.5). 14 days at 4BC/14 days at <-10*C 60 mL glass vial w/Teflon-llned septum HAAS* (Sum of: monochloroacetic acid dichloroacetic acid trlchloroacetic acid monobromoacetic acid dibromoacetic acid) EPA 552.1 Ammonium chloride 28 days at 49C away from light/48 hours >100 mL amber glass w/Teflon-lined septum 0.060 EPA 552.2 Ammonium chloride 14 days at 4BCaway from light/7 days at 49C or 14 days at <-1 (PC >50 mL amber glass w/Teflon-lined septum SM6251B Ammonium chloride 9 days at 4fiC/21 days at -11eC 40 - 60 mL glass vial w/Teflon-lined septum Bromate * 0.010 EPA 300.1 Ethylenediamine 28 days > 30 mL plastic or glass Bromide + EPA 300.0 EPA 300.1 Ethylenediamine 28 days > 30 mL plastic or glass Chlorite + (Daily at entrance to distribution system) SM 4500-CIO, E None Immediately >500 mL plastic or glass 1.0 EPA 300.0 EPA 300.1 Ethylenediamine 14 days at 4°C protected from light > 30 mL opaque plastic or glass Chlorite * (Monthly in distribution system) 1.0 EPA 300.0 EPA 300.1 Ethylenediamine 14 days at 4SC protected from light > 30 mL opaque plastic or glass Free-4500-CI D, F, G, H Chlorine 4.0 as CL Combined - 4500-CI D, F, G None Immediately > 500 mL plastic or glass Total - 4500-CI D, E, F, G, I Chi ora mines + 4.0 as CL 4500-CI D, E, F, G, I None Immediately > 500 mL plastic or glass Chlorine Dioxide + 0.8 as CIO, 4500-CIO, D, E None Immediately > 500 mL plastic or glass EPA 150.1, 150.2, 4500 H+B, or ASTM D1293-95 None Immediately > 500 mL plastic or glass DBP Precursors + (TOC/Alkalinity/SUVA) Treatment Technique: Enhanced coagulation/ enhanced softening to improve removal of DBP precursors for suface water systems using conventional filtration treatment or lime softening. SM 5310 B, C and D for TOC or DOC portion of SUVA Acidify TOC samples to pH < 2. Filter DOC sample through 0.45 urn pore diameter filter as soon as possible after collection (< 48 hours) and then acidify same as TOC. 28 days stored at 4% and protected from light >100 mL amber glass w/Teflon-lined septum SM 5910 B for UVaM portion of SUVA Filter through 0.45 urn pore diameter filter as soon as possible after collection (< 48 hours). < 48 hours stored at 49C and protected from light > 100 mL amber glass w/Teflon-lined septum ASTM D1067-92B or SM 2320 B or 1-1030-85 for alkalinity None 14 days stored at 4eC and protected from light > 200 mL plastic or glass 1 - Note the sample volumes specified in this table are estimates. The actual sample container volumes should be specified by the laboratory(s) performing the analyses. + - Indicates the analysis must be performed by a party approved by the state. * - Indicates the laboratory must be certified to analyze the sample. ------- |