Mauna Loa, Hawaii, United States [MLO]
Location
- Country: United States
- Latitude: 19.5362° North
- Longitude: 155.5763° West
- Elevation: 3397.00 masl
- Time Zone: Local Time + 10.0 hour(s) = UTC
Contact
- Contact Name: Darryl Kuniyuki
- Address: NOAA - Mauna Loa Observatory
1437 Kilauea Ave. #102
Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, United States - Phone: (808)933-6965 Ext. 237
- Fax: (808)933-6967
Data
Mauna Loa Observatory is located on the Island of Hawaii at an elevation of 3397 m on the northern flank of Mauna Loa volcano at 200 north. Established in 1957, Mauna Loa Observatory has grown to become the premier long-term atmospheric monitoring facility on earth and is the site where the ever-increasing concentrations of global atmospheric carbon dioxide were determined. The observatory consists of 10 buildings from which up to 250 different atmospheric parameters are measured by a complement of 12 NOAA/ESRL and other agency scientists and engineers.
GMD Projects at Mauna Loa, Hawaii
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Carbon Dioxide | CO2 | 1969-08-20 | Ongoing |
Methane | CH4 | 1983-05-06 | Ongoing |
Carbon Monoxide | CO | 1989-07-07 | Ongoing |
Molecular Hydrogen | H2 | 1989-07-07 | Ongoing |
Nitrous Oxide | N2O | 1995-12-15 | Ongoing |
Sulfur Hexafluoride | SF6 | 1995-12-15 | Ongoing |
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Carbon Dioxide | d13C (CO2) | 1990-01-12 | Ongoing |
Oxygen-18/Oxygen-16 in Carbon Dioxide | d18O (CO2) | 1990-01-12 | Ongoing |
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Methane | d13C (CH4) | 1998-01-02 | Ongoing |
D/H in Methane | dD (CH4) | 2005-04-06 | Terminated - 2009-11-03 |
Methyl Chloride | CH3Cl | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
Benzene | C6H6 | 2006-12-13 | Ongoing |
toluene | C7H8 | 2006-12-13 | Ongoing |
ethane | C2H6 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
ethene | C2H4 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
propane | C3H8 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
propene | C3H6 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
i-butane | i-C4H10 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
n-butane | n-C4H10 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
i-pentane | i-C5H12 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
n-pentane | n-C5H12 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
n-hexane | n-C6H14 | 2005-05-11 | Ongoing |
Wind Speed | ws | 1992-07-01 | Ongoing |
Wind Direction | wd | 1992-07-01 | Ongoing |
Temperature | temp | 1992-11-27 | Terminated - 2004-09-22 |
isoprene | C5H8 | 2006-12-13 | Ongoing |
Acetylene | C2H2 | 2010-07-13 | Ongoing |
Carbon Cycle In Situ Observatory
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Carbon Dioxide | CO2 | 1974-05-17 | Ongoing |
Methane | CH4 | 1987-04-03 | Ongoing |
Carbon Monoxide | CO | 1992-05-29 | Ongoing |
HATS Flask Sampling
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
HFC-134a | CH2FCF3 | 1994-11-07 | Ongoing |
HCFC-22 | CHF2Cl | 1991-12-30 | Ongoing |
Methyl Chloride | CH3Cl | 1993-08-30 | Ongoing |
HCFC-142b | CH3CF2Cl | 1992-02-10 | Ongoing |
Halon-1211 | CBrClF2 | 1991-12-30 | Ongoing |
methyl bromide | CH3Br | 1993-08-30 | Ongoing |
HCFC-141b | CH3CCl2F | 1992-12-28 | Ongoing |
CFC-113 | CCl2FCClF2 | 1991-12-30 | Ongoing |
dichloromethane | CH2Cl2 | 1994-01-18 | Ongoing |
tetrachloroethylene | C2Cl4 | 1993-11-22 | Ongoing |
carbonyl sulfide | COS | 2000-03-13 | Ongoing |
HFC-152a | CH3CHF2 | 1995-03-13 | Ongoing |
Halon 1301 | CF3Br | 2004-03-08 | Ongoing |
Halon 2402 | CBrF2CBrF2 | 1995-03-13 | Ongoing |
HFC-143a | CH3CF3 | 2006-12-27 | Ongoing |
HFC-227ea | CF3CHFCF3 | 2011-06-14 | Ongoing |
HFC-365mfc | CH3CF2CH2CF3 | 2009-08-13 | Ongoing |
HFC-125 | CHF2CF3 | 2006-12-27 | Ongoing |
HFC-32 | CH2F2 | 2009-03-12 | Ongoing |
Methyl Chloroform | CH3CCl3 | 1991-12-30 | Ongoing |
HATS In Situ Observatory
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Nitrous Oxide | N2O | 1999-07-08 | Ongoing |
Sulfur Hexafluoride | SF6 | 1999-06-25 | Ongoing |
HCFC-22 | CHF2Cl | 1998-11-28 | Ongoing |
CFC-12 | CCl2F2 | 1999-06-25 | Ongoing |
Methyl Chloride | CH3Cl | 1999-04-23 | Ongoing |
HCFC-142b | CH3CF2Cl | 1999-01-01 | Ongoing |
Halon-1211 | CBrClF2 | 1998-12-03 | Ongoing |
CFC-113 | CCl2FCClF2 | 1999-12-14 | Ongoing |
carbon tetrachloride | CCl4 | 1999-06-25 | Ongoing |
Methyl Chloroform | CH3CCl3 | 1999-04-23 | Ongoing |
CFC-11 | CCl3F | 1999-06-25 | Ongoing |
Aerosol Surface In-Situ
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Light Scattering Coefficient | σsp | 1974-01-01 | Ongoing |
Light Absorption Coefficient | σap | 1990-01-01 | Ongoing |
Particle Number Concentration | Nt | 1974-01-01 | Ongoing |
Radiation In-Situ Observatory
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Direct Beam | 1976-01-01 | Ongoing | |
Shortwave Global | 1976-01-01 | Ongoing | |
Diffuse | 1976-01-01 | Ongoing | |
Downward Longwave | 1993-10-31 | Ongoing |
Surface Ozone
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Ozone | O3 | 1973-09-20 | Ongoing |
Dobson Total Ozone
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Ozone | O3 | 1957-12-01 | Ongoing |
Trajectories
Lidar
Meteorology
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Wind Speed | ws | 1977-01-01 | Ongoing |
Wind Direction | wd | 1977-01-01 | Ongoing |
Temperature | temp | 1977-01-01 | Ongoing |
Ambient Pressure | press | 1977-01-01 | Ongoing |
Relative Humidity | rh | 1977-01-01 | Ongoing |
Dobson Umkehr Ozone
Parameter | Formula | First Sample Date | Status |
---|---|---|---|
Ozone | O3 | 1963-12-26 | Ongoing |