The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) provides a flexible and interoperable information model, vocabulary, and encoding mechanisms for describing statements about digital content usage. The ODRL Vocabulary and Expression describes the terms used in such statements and how to encode them.
This is a work in progress. No section should be considered final, and the absence of any content does not imply that such content is out of scope, or may not appear in the future. If you feel something should be covered, please tell us.
The ODRL Vocabulary and Expression defines a set of concepts and terms (the vocabulary) and encoding mechanism (the expression) for permissions and obligations statements describing digital content usage based on the ODRL Information Model [[!odrl-model]].
The basis for the deliverables for the Permissions & Obligations Expression Working Group are the reports created by the W3C ODRL Community Group. The ODRL Community Group has developed a family of specifications to support innovative expression of digital asset usage for the publication, distribution and consumption of content services. The final outputs of the ODRL Community Group were the Version 2.1 specifications that were a major update for ODRL and superseded the original ODRL Version 1.1 [[odrl]] (published as a W3C NOTE)
The following documents are part of the ODRL Community Group report series:
The ODRL Vocabulary and Expression was derived from the combination and merger of four of the ODRL Community Group's outcomes; ODRL V2.1 Common Vocabulary, ODRL V2.1 XML Encoding, ODRL V2.1 Ontology, and ODRL V2.1 JSON Encoding. Details of the differences between the W3C Working Group deliverables and the ODRL Community Group Reports are maintained in the Appendix. All new ODRL implementations are expected to use the deliverables of the W3C Permissions & Obligations Expression Working Group.
The ODRL Vocabulary formally defines the semantics for the concepts and terms from the ODRL Information Model [[!odrl-model]] and the vocabulary terms that can be used for common use cases for ODRL Policy expressions. The figure below shows the grouping of concepts and terms used in this section.
The Namespace URI to identify the ODRL model and vocabulary terms is: http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/
This section is normative, meaning that the concepts and terms presented are required by ODRL expression systems. However, a number of terms have yet to reach the level of implementation that warrants them to be deemed normative. As a result, some terms in this section will be explicitly labelled as "non-normative".
The current terms that are deemed normative are taken from the ODRL Implementors Survey in December 2016 (PDF document).
Future versions of the ODRL Vocabulary MAY update these terms as more implementation experience is gained.
Definition: | An entity to represent the rules of the policy. |
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Label: | Policy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Policy |
Note: | A top level entity for describing policies. |
Parent class: | Asset |
Sub-classes: | Agreement, Assertion, Offer, Privacy, Request, Set, Ticket |
Properties: | conflict, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, permission, profile, prohibition, undefined |
In range of: | inheritFrom |
Definition: | A common ancestor to Permissions, Prohibitions and Duties. |
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Label: | Rule |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Rule |
Note: | Rule is an abstract concept. |
Sub-classes: | Duty, Permission, Prohibition |
Properties: | action, constraint, function, output, relation, target |
Definition: | The identifier of an ODRL Profile that the current Policy conforms to. |
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Label: | Profile |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/profile |
Note: | ODRL Profiles may be defined by community groups and express additional semantics. |
Range: | rdfs:Resource |
Domain: | Policy |
Definition: | Policy expressions that are formal contracts (or licenses) stipulating all the terms of usage and all the parties involved. |
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Label: | Agreement |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Agreement |
Note: | An Agreement Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, a Party with Assigner role, a Party with Assignee role, and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule. The Agreement Policy Type will grant the terms of the Policy from the Assigner to the Assignee. |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Definition: | Policy expressions that reflect terms that Parties claim to hold. |
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Label: | Assertion |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Assertion |
Note: | For example, a party (an assignee or assigner) can claim what terms they have over an Asset. An Assertion policy type does not grant such permissions/prohibitions but only asserts the parties claims. An Assetion Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, a Party with any role, and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule. |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Definition: | Policy expression that proposes terms of usage from an Asset owner. |
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Label: | Offer |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Offer |
Note: | A Offer Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, a Party with Assigner role, and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule. The Offer Policy Type MAY contain a Party with Assignee role, but MUST not grant any privileges to that Party. |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Definition: | Policy expression that stipulates the terms of usage over personal information. |
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Label: | Privacy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Privacy |
Note: | A Privacy Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, a Party with Assigner role, a Party with Assignee role, and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule that MUST include a Duty. The target Asset SHOULD contain or relate to personal information about the Assignee. The Duty MUST describe obligations on the Assigner about managing the Asset. The Assignee is being granted the terms of the Privacy policy from the Assigner. |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Policy expression that proposes terms of usage to an Asset owner. |
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Label: | Request |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Request |
Note: | A Request Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, a Party with Assignee role, and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule. The Request MAY also contain the Party with Assigner role if this is known. No privileges are granted to any Party. |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Policy expression that consists of entities from the complete model. |
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Label: | Set |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Set |
Note: | A Set Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset, and at least one Rule. The Set is aimed at scenarios where there is an open criteria for the semantics of the policy expressions and typically refined by other systems/profiles that process the information at a later time. No privileges are granted to any Party (if defined). |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Definition: | Policy expression that stipulates the terms of usage and is redeemable by any Party who currently holds the Ticket in their possession. |
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Label: | Ticket |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Ticket |
Note: | A Offer Policy Type MUST contain a target Asset and at least one of a Permission or Prohibition rule. The Offer MAY contain the Party with Assigner role and a Party with Assignee role. A Ticket (or Voucher) may be anonymous or personalised, where the holder of that Ticket may remain unknown or has to be identified. The holder, or if known, the Assignee, is being granted the terms of the Ticket from the Assigner (in known). |
Parent class: | Policy |
Inherited Properties: | conflict, undefined, permission, prohibition, inheritAllowed, inheritFrom, inheritRelation, profile |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicates if the Policy entity can be inherited. |
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Label: | Inheritance Allowed |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/inheritAllowed |
Note: | A boolean value. |
Range: | xsd:boolean |
Domain: | Policy |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Relates a (child) policy to another (parent) policy from which terms are inherited. |
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Label: | Inherits From |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/inheritFrom |
Note: | The child policy will inherit from the parent policy |
Range: | Policy |
Domain: | Policy |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indentifies the type of inheritance. |
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Label: | Inherit Relation |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/inheritRelation |
Note: | For example, this may indicate the business scenario, such as subscription, or prior arrangements between the parties (that are not machine representable) |
Range: | rdfs:Resource |
Domain: | Policy |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Used to establish strategies to resolve conflicts that arise from the merging of Policies or conflicts between Permissions and Prohibitions in the same Policy. |
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Label: | Conflict Preference |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/ConflictTerm |
Note: | Instances of ConflictTerm describe strategies for resolving conflicts. |
In range of: | conflict |
Instances: | invalid, perm, prohibit |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Relates a conflict-resolution mechansim to a Policy. |
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Label: | Handle Policy Conflicts |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/conflict |
Note: | If no mechanism is specified, the default is invalid. |
Range: | ConflictTerm |
Domain: | Policy |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Permissions take preference over prohibitions. |
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Label: | Prefer Permissions |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/perm |
Note: | Used to determine policy conflict outcomes. |
Class: | ConflictTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Prohibitions take preference over permissions. |
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Label: | Prefer Prohibitions |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/prohibit |
Note: | Used to determine policy conflict outcomes. |
Class: | ConflictTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | the Action is unknown – and the policy is invalid. |
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Label: | Invalidate Policy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/invalid |
Note: | Used to support actions not known to the policy system. |
Class: | ConflictTerm, UndefinedTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Is used to indicate how to support Actions that are not part of any vocabulary or profile in the policy expression system |
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Label: | Undefined Term |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/UndefinedTerm |
Note: | Instances of UndefinedTerm describe policies for processing unsupported actions. |
In range of: | undefined |
Instances: | ignore, invalid, support |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Relates the mechanism used for handling undefined actions to a Policy. |
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Label: | Handle Undefined Term |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/undefined |
Note: | If no mechanism is specified, the default is invalid. |
Range: | UndefinedTerm |
Domain: | Policy |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Action is to be ignored and is not part of the policy – and the policy remains valid. |
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Label: | Ignore Undefined Actions |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/ignore |
Note: | Used to support actions not known to the policy system. |
Class: | UndefinedTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | the Action is unknown – and the policy is invalid. |
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Label: | Invalidate Policy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/invalid |
Note: | Used to support actions not known to the policy system. |
Class: | ConflictTerm, UndefinedTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Action is to be supported as part of the policy – and the policy remains valid. |
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Label: | Support Undefined Actions |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/support |
Note: | Used to support actions not known to the policy system. |
Class: | UndefinedTerm |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A Permission is a rule which indicates the actions the assignee is permitted to perform on the associated asset. |
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Label: | Permission |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Permission |
Note: | In other words, what the assigner (supplier) has granted to the assignee (consumer). |
Parent class: | Rule |
Properties: | duty |
Inherited Properties: | relation, output, target, function, action, constraint |
Definition: | Relates the description of an individual Permission to a Policy. |
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Label: | Has Permission |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/permission |
Note: | A permission can be specified either in terms of an Action alone, or an instance of Permission relating an Action and one or more other attributes. |
Range: | Action, Permission |
Domain: | Policy |
Definition: | A Prohibition is a rule which indicates the Actions that the assignee is prohibited to perform on the related Asset. |
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Label: | Prohibition |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Prohibition |
Note: | Prohibitions are issued by the supplier of the Asset – the Party with the Role assigner. |
Parent class: | Rule |
Inherited Properties: | relation, output, target, function, action, constraint |
Definition: | Relates the description of an individual Prohibition to a Policy. |
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Label: | Has Prohibition |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/prohibition |
Note: | A prohibition can be specified either in terms of an Action alone, or an instance of Prohibition relating an Action and one or more other attributes. |
Range: | Action, Prohibition |
Domain: | Policy |
Definition: | Instances of Action are operations that can be performed. |
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Label: | Action |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Action |
Note: | Actions may be allowed by Permissions, disalloed by Prohibitions, or made mandatory by Duties. |
Parent class: | skos:Concept |
In range of: | action |
Instances: | acceptTracking, adHocShare, aggregate, annotate, anonymize, append, appendTo, archive, attachPolicy, attachSource, attribute, commercialize, compensate, concurrentUse, copy, delete, derive, digitize, display, distribute, ensureExclusivity, execute, export, extract, extractChar, extractPage, extractWord, give, grantUse, include, index, inform, install, lease, lend, license, modify, move, nextPolicy, obtainConsent, pay, play, present, preview, print, read, reproduce, reviewPolicy, secondaryUse, sell, share, shareAlike, textToSpeech, transfer, transform, translate, uninstall, use, watermark, write, writeTo |
Definition: | The operation relating to the asset for which the Rule is being subjected. |
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Label: | Has Action |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/action |
Note: | A permission must include exactly one action. |
Range: | Action |
Domain: | Rule |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignee to use the Asset as agreed. |
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Label: | Use |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/use |
Note: | Use is the most generic action for all non-third-party usage. More details may be defined in the applicable agreements or under applicable commercial laws. Refined types of actions can be expressed by the narrower actions. |
Narrower terms: | aggregate, annotate, anonymize, archive, concurrentUse, derive, digitize, distribute, execute, grantUse, index, install, modify, move, present, read, reproduce, textToSpeech, transform, translate, writeTo |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignee to grant the use the Asset to third parties. |
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Label: | Grant Use |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/grantUse |
Note: | This action enables the Assignee to create policies for the use of the Asset for third parties. nextPolicy is recommended to be agreed with the third party. Use of temporal constraints is recommended. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to use the Asset or parts of it as part of a composite collection. |
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Label: | Aggregate |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/aggregate |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to add explanatory notations/commentaries to the Asset without modifying the Asset in any other way. |
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Label: | Annotate |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/annotate |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to anonymize all or parts of the Asset. |
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Label: | Anonymize |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/anonymize |
Note: | For example, to remove identifying particulars for statistical or for other comparable purposes, or to use the asset without stating the author/source. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to store the Asset (in a non-transient form). |
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Label: | Archive |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/archive |
Note: | Constraints may be used for temporal conditions. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to create multiple copies of the Asset that are being concurrently used. |
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Label: | Concurrent Use |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/concurrentUse |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to create a new derivative Asset from this Asset and to edit or modify the derivative. |
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Label: | Derive |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/derive |
Note: | A new asset is created and may have significant overlaps with the original Asset. (Note that the notion of whether or not the change is significant enough to qualify as a new asset is subjective). To the derived Asset a next policy may be applied. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to produce a digital copy of (or otherwise digitize) the Asset from its analogue form. |
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Label: | Digitize |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/digitize |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to display the visual media Asset to an audience or the public. |
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Label: | Display |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/display |
Note: | For example, displaying an image on a screen. |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to distribute the Asset. |
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Label: | Distribute |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/distribute |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to run the computer program Asset. |
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Label: | Execute |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/execute |
Note: | For example, machine executable code or Java such as a game or application. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to extract parts of the Asset and to use it as a new Asset. |
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Label: | Extract |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/extract |
Note: | A new asset is created and may have very little in common with the original Asset. (Note that the notion of whether or not the change is significant enough to qualify as a new asset is subjective). To the extracted Asset a next policy may be applied. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to transfer the ownership of the Asset to a third party without compensation and while deleting the original asset. |
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Label: | Give |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/give |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to record the Asset in an index. |
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Label: | Index |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/index |
Note: | For example, to include a link to the Asset in a search engine database. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to load the computer program Asset onto a storage device which allows operating or running the Asset. |
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Label: | Install |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/install |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to update existing content of the Asset. A new asset is not created by this action. |
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Label: | Modify |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/modify |
Note: | This action will modify an asset which is typically updated from time to time without creating a new asset like a database. If the result from modifying the asset should be a new asset the actions derive or extract should be used. (Note that the notion of whether or not the change is significant enough to qualify as a new asset is subjective). |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to move the Asset from one digital location to another including deleting the original copy. |
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Label: | Move |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/move |
Note: | After the Asset has been moved, the original copy must be deleted. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to perform an audio Asset to an audience. |
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Label: | Play |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/play |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to perform or exhibit an Asset to an audience. |
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Label: | Present |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/present |
Narrower terms: | display, play, print |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to print an Asset onto paper or to create a hard copy. |
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Label: | |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/print |
Note: | For example, creating a permanent, fixed (static), and directly perceivable representation of the Asset. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to obtain data from the Asset. |
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Label: | Read |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/read |
Note: | For example, the ability to read a record from a database (the Asset). |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignee(s) to make (an) exact reproduction(s) of the Asset. |
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Label: | Reproduce |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/reproduce |
Narrower terms: | extract |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to transfer the ownership of the Asset to a third party with compensation and while deleting the original asset. |
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Label: | Sell |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/sell |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to have a text Asset read out loud to an audience. |
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Label: | Text-to-speech |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/textToSpeech |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner transfers/does not transfer the ownership in perpetuity to the Assignees. |
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Label: | Transfer |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/transfer |
Narrower terms: | give, sell |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to make a digital copy of the digital Asset in another digital format. |
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Label: | Transform |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/transform |
Note: | Typically used to convert the Asset into a different format for consumption on/transfer to a third party system. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner permits/prohibits the Assignees to translate the original natural language of an Asset into another natural language. |
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Label: | Translate |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/translate |
Note: | A new derivative Asset is created by that action. |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | A Duty is a rule which indicates a requirement that must be fulfilled in return for being entitled to the referring Permission entity. |
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Label: | Duty |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Duty |
Note: | While implying different semantics, the Duty entity is similar to Permission in that it is an Action that must be undertaken. |
Parent class: | Rule |
Inherited Properties: | relation, output, target, function, action, constraint |
Definition: | The duty relating to the Permission. |
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Label: | Has Duty |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/duty |
Note: | A Duty indicates requirements which must be fulfilled in order to receive the permission. |
Range: | Action, Duty |
Domain: | Permission |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees accepts that the use of the Asset may be tracked. |
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Label: | Accept Tracking |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/acceptTracking |
Note: | The collected information may be tracked by the Assigner, or may link to a Party with the role function “trackingParty”. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees attributes the Asset to the Assigner or an attributed Party. |
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Label: | Attribute |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/attribute |
Note: | May link to an Asset with the attribution information. May link to a Party with the role function “attributedParty”. |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees compensates the Assigner (or other specified compensation Party) by some amount of value, if defined, for use of the Asset. |
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Label: | Compensate |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/compensate |
Note: | The compensation may use different types of things with a value: (i) the thing is expressed by the value (term) of the Constraint name; (b) the value is expressed by operator, rightOperand, dataType and unit |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees permanently removes all copies of the Asset. |
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Label: | Delete |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/delete |
Note: | Use a constraint to define under which conditions the Asset should be deleted. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assignee requires that the Assigners ensure that the permission on the Asset is exclusive to the Assignee. |
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Label: | Ensure Exclusivity |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/ensureExclusivity |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees include other related assets in the Asset. |
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Label: | Include |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/include |
Note: | For example: bio picture must be included in the attribution. Use of the Asset relation attribute is required. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees inform the Assigner or an informed Party that an action has been performed on or in relation to the Asset. |
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Label: | Inform |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/inform |
Note: | May link to a Party with the role function “informedParty”. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees grants the specified Policy to a third party for their use of the Asset. |
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Label: | Next Policy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/nextPolicy |
Note: | Useful for downstream policies. |
Class: | Action |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees obtains explicit consent from the Assigner or a consenting Party to perform the requested action in relation to the Asset. |
---|---|
Label: | Obtain Consent |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/obtainConsent |
Note: | Used as a Duty to ensure that the Assigner or a Party is authorized to approve such actions on a case-by-case basis. May link to a Party with the role function “consentingParty”. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignee(s) has(ve) a person review the Policy applicable to the Asset. |
---|---|
Label: | Review Policy |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/reviewPolicy |
Note: | Used when human intervention is required to review the Policy. May link to an Asset which represents the full Policy information. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees unload and delete the computer program Asset from a storage device and disable its readiness for operation. |
---|---|
Label: | Uninstall |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/uninstall |
Note: | The Asset is no longer accessible to the Assignees. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Assigner requires that the Assignees apply a watermark as provided by the Assigner to the Asset. |
---|---|
Label: | Watermark |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/watermark |
Note: | It is recommended to embed a link to the watermark. |
Class: | Action |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Constraint entity indicates limits and restrictions to the Permission, the Prohibition and the Duty entity. |
---|---|
Label: | Constraint |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Constraint |
Note: | Parent class of all Constraints. |
Parent class: | owl:Thing |
Properties: | dataType, leftOperand, operator, rightOperand, rightOperandReference, status, unit |
In range of: | constraint |
Definition: | The constraint relating to the Rule. |
---|---|
Label: | Has Constraint |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/constraint |
Note: | One or more constraints which affect the validity of the Rule; e.g. if the Action play is only permitted for a certain period of time. |
Range: | Constraint |
Domain: | Rule |
Definition: | Operators for constraint expressions. |
---|---|
Label: | Operator |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Operator |
Note: | Instances of the Operator class represent boolean operators |
Parent class: | owl:Thing |
In range of: | operator |
Instances: | and, eq, gt, gteq, hasPart, isA, isAllOf, isAnyOf, isNecessaryFor, isNoneOf, isPartOf, lt, lteq, neq, or, xor |
Definition: | The Boolean operator applied to a constraint and its operands. |
---|---|
Label: | Has Operator |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/operator |
Range: | Operator |
Domain: | Constraint |
Definition: | Right operands for constraint expressions. |
---|---|
Label: | Right Operand |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/RightOperand |
Note: | Instances of the RightOperand class represent the right term in a Constraint. |
Parent class: | owl:Thing |
Instances: | policyUsage |
Definition: | The operand applied to an instance of a constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Has Right Operand |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/rightOperand |
Range: | xsd:any |
Domain: | Constraint |
Definition: | A reference to the operand applied to an instance of a constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Has Right Operand Reference |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/rightOperandReference |
Note: | Represents a URI that must be dereferenced to obtain the actual right operand value |
Domain: | Constraint |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Left operands for constraint expressions. |
---|---|
Label: | Left Operand |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/LeftOperand |
Note: | Instances of the LeftOperand class represent the left term in a Constraint. |
Parent class: | owl:Thing |
In range of: | leftOperand |
Instances: | absolutePosition, absoluteSize, absoluteSpatialAssetPosition, absoluteTemporalAssetPosition, count, dateTime, deliveryChannel, device, elapsedTime, event, fileFormat, industry, language, media, meteredTime, payAmount, percentage, product, purpose, recipient, relativePosition, relativeSize, relativeSpatialAssetPosition, relativeTemporalAssetPosition, resolution, spatial, spatialCoordinates, system, systemDevice, timeInterval, unitOfCount, version, virtualLocation |
Definition: | The left operand in a constraint expression. |
---|---|
Label: | Has Left Operand |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/leftOperand |
Range: | LeftOperand |
Domain: | Constraint |
Definition: | The unit of measurement used for the constraint value. |
---|---|
Label: | Unit |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/unit |
Range: | rdfs:Resource |
Domain: | Constraint |
Definition: | The datatype used for the constraint value. |
---|---|
Label: | Datatype |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/dataType |
Note: | In RDF encodings, use of the rdf:datatype MAY be used. |
Range: | rdfs:Resource |
Domain: | Constraint |
Definition: | The current value of the constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Status |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/status |
Note: | The range of the status property is identical to that of the constraint expression., The range of the status property is identical to that of the operand property selected used in the constraint. |
Domain: | Constraint |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A point in space or time defined with absolute coordinates the positioning of the Asset has to comply with for excersing the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Absolute Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/absolutePosition |
Note: | Example: May be used with a natural language contract saying the the upper left corner of a picture may be constrainted to a specific position of the canvas rendiering it. |
Narrower terms: | absoluteSpatialAssetPosition, absoluteTemporalAssetPosition |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The absolute spatial positions of four corners of a rectangle on a 2D-canvas or the eight corners of a cubiod in a 3D-space the Asset has to fit in after the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Absolute Spatial Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/absoluteSpatialAssetPosition |
Note: | Example: May be used with a natural language contract saying the the upper left corner of a picture may be constrainted to a specific position of the canvas rendiering it. Note: see also the Left Operand Relative Spatial Asset Position. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The absolute temporal positions in a media stream the Asset has to fit in after the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Absolute Temporal Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/absoluteTemporalAssetPosition |
Note: | Note: Use with Actions including the Asset in a larger media stream. The fragement part of a Media Fragement URI (https://www.w3.org/TR/media-frags/) may be used for the right operand. See the Left Operand realativeTemporalPosition. Example: The MP3 music file must be positioned between second 192 and 250 of the temporal length of a stream. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Measure(s) of one or two axes for 2D-objects or measure(s) of one to tree axes for 3D-objects of the Asset after the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Absolute Asset Size |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/absoluteSize |
Note: | Example: The image can be resized in width to a maximum of 1000px., Right operand must be a xsd:decimal |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Numeric count of exercising the Action. Optionally the leftOpResource1 may be used to define an API URL for retrieving the count value. |
---|---|
Label: | Count |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/count |
Note: | Should be a positive integer |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The date (and optional time and timezone) to be compared to the time when the Action is exercised or a period to be compared with the duration of exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Action Datetime or Period |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/dateTime |
Note: | Right operand should be a xsd:date or a xsd:dateTime, Value must conform to [[iso8601]] as represented in [[xmlschema11-2]]. The use of Timezone information is strongly recommended. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The delivery channel used for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Delivery Channel |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/deliveryChannel |
Note: | Example: the asset may be distributed only on mobile networks. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | A period of time for exercising the Action. The start of the period is trigged by exercising the Action for the first time. |
---|---|
Label: | Elapsed Time |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/elapsedTime |
Note: | Data type of the right operand must be xsd:duration, Note: The value of the Right Operand must conform to [[iso8601]] as represented in [[xmlschema11-2]]. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | An identified event at which the Action may be exercised. |
---|---|
Label: | Event Action |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/event |
Note: | Example: Action may be taken at the “FIFA World Cup 2020” only. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The file format of the Asset after exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | File Format |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/fileFormat |
Note: | Example: An asset may be transformed into JPEG format. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The defined industry sector in which the Action may be exercised. |
---|---|
Label: | Industry Context |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/industry |
Note: | Example: publishing or financial industry. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The main natural language of the Asset after exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Language |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/language |
Note: | Example: the asset can only be translated into Greek. Must use [[bcp47]] codes for language values. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | Category of media setting the context for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Media Context |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/media |
Note: | Examples of right operands: the media types electronic, print, advertising, marketing. Note: The used type should not be an IANA MediaType as they are focused on technical characteristica. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The period of metered time for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Metered Time |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/meteredTime |
Note: | Examples: The asset must be displayed only for max 30 minutes; the asset must be displayed for at least 3 weeks. Note: A more specific variant of this Left Operand may include an identified API which must be used for retrieving the metered time value. The value delivered by this API must conform to [[iso8601]] as represented in [[xmlschema11-2]]., The data type of the right operand must be xsd:duration |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The amount of a payment related to the Action of a Duty. |
---|---|
Label: | Payment Amount |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/payAmount |
Note: | Note: Can be used for compensation duties. The data type property of the Right Operand may be used to indicate the type of the value (eg decimal) and the unit property to indicate the currency., The data type of the right operand must be xsd:decimal |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The amount of an Asset - as a percentage - used for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Asset Percentage |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/percentage |
Note: | Note: The value is a numeric value from 0 to 100. Example: Extract less than or equal to of 50% of the asset., The data type of the right operand must be xsd:decimal |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Product or service used for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Product Context |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/product |
Note: | Example: The Asset image may only be reproduced in the XYZ Magazine., The data type of the right operand must be xsd:decimal. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Purpose for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Purpose |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/purpose |
Note: | Example: Educational use. Note: Purpose values from [[p3p]] may also be used. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | The party receiving the result of an exercised Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Recipient |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/recipient |
Note: | Note: The Right Operand must identify one or more specific parties or category/ies of the party. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Definition: | A point in space or time defined with coordinates relative to full measures the positioning of the Asset has to comply with for excersing the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Relative Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/relativePosition |
Note: | Example: May be used with a natural language contract saying the the upper left corner of a picture may be constrainted to a specific position of the canvas rendiering it. |
Narrower terms: | relativeSpatialAssetPosition, relativeTemporalAssetPosition |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The relative spatial positions - expressed as percentages of full values - of four corners of a rectangle on a 2D-canvas or the eight corners of a cubiod in a 3D-space the Asset has to fit in after the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Relative Spatial Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/relativeSpatialAssetPosition |
Note: | Note: See the Left Operand absoluteSpatialAssetPosition. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A point in space or time defined with coordinates relative to full measures the positioning of the Asset has to comply with for excersing the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Relative Temporal Asset Position |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/relativeTemporalAssetPosition |
Note: | Example: The MP3 music file must be positioned between the positions at 33% and 48% of the temporal length of a stream. Note: See the Left Operand absoluteTemporalAssetPosition. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Measure(s) of one or two axes for 2D-objects or measure(s) of one to tree axes for 3D-objects - expressed as percentages of full values - of the Asset after the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Relative Asset Size |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/relativeSize |
Note: | Example: The image can be resized in width to a maximum of 200%. Note: See the Left Operand absoluteSize. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Resolution of the rendition of the Asset after exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Rendition Resolution |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/resolution |
Note: | Example: the image may be printed at 1200dpi. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A named and identified geospatial area with defined borders for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Geospatial Named Area |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial |
Note: | A code value for the area and source of the code must be presented in the Right Operand. For example, the [[iso3166]] Country Codes or the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. A URI should be used to represent this value. |
Narrower terms: | spatialCoordinates |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A set of coordinates setting the borders of a geospatial area for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Geospatial Coordinates |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatialCoordinates |
Note: | The coordinates MUST include longitude and lattitue, they MAY include altitude and the geodatic datum. If the latter are ommitted the default values are the altitude of earth's surface at this location and the WGS 84 datum. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | An identified computing system for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | System Device |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/systemDevice |
Note: | Example: The system device can be identified by a unique code created from the used hardware. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | A recurring period of time after which the Action can or cannot be exercised again. |
---|---|
Label: | Recurring Time Interval |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/timeInterval |
Note: | Example: “P7D” indicates a 7 day period. Note: the value must conform to [[iso8601]] as represented in [[xmlschema11-2]]. The data type of the right operand must be xsd:duration. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The unit of measure used for counting. |
---|---|
Label: | Unit Of Count |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/unitOfCount |
Note: | Typically used with Duties to indicate the unit entity to be counted. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The range of versions of the Asset which can or cannot be used for exercising the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Version |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/version |
Note: | Example: Single Paperback or Multiple Issues or version 2.0 or higher. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | An identified location of the IT communication space where the Action can or cannot be exercised. |
---|---|
Label: | Virtual IT Communication Location |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/virtualLocation |
Note: | Example: an Internet domain or IP address range. |
Class: | LeftOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value equals the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Equal to |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is greater than the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Greater than |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/gt |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is greater than or equal to the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Greater than or equal to |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/gteq |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is less than the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Less than |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/lt |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is less than or equal to the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Less than or equal to |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/lteq |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is not equal to the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Not equal to |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/neq |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is an instance of the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Is a |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isA |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value contains the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Has part |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/hasPart |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is contained by the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Is part of |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isPartOf |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is all of the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Is all of |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isAllOf |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is any of the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Is any of |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isAnyOf |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Indicating that a given value is none of the right operand of the Constraint. |
---|---|
Label: | Is none of |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isNoneOf |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The relation is satisfied when any of the Constaint objects is satisfied. |
---|---|
Label: | Or |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/or |
Note: | This operator must used for Constraint relations only, and both left and right operands are constraint objects. |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The relation is satisfied when both of the Constaint objects are satisfied. |
---|---|
Label: | And |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/and |
Note: | This operator must used for Constraint relations only, and both left and right operands are constraint objects. |
Class: | Operator |
Definition: | The relation is satisfied when only one of the Constaint objects is satisfied |
---|---|
Label: | Exclusive Or |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/xor |
Note: | This operator must used for Constraint relations only, and both left and right operands are constraint objects. |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The relation is satisfied when the left operand Constaint object is satisfied, and then the right operand Constraint object is processed and is also satisfied |
---|---|
Label: | Is Necessary For |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/isNecessaryFor |
Note: | This operator must used for Constraint relations only, and both left and right operands are constraint objects. |
Class: | Operator |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | When used as an event in constraints, indicates that the event occurs at the time when the policy is executed. |
---|---|
Label: | Policy Usage Time |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/policyUsage |
Note: | This will enable constraints to be expressed such as “event lt o:policyUsage” indicating before the policy is exercised. |
Class: | RightOperand |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Party entity is the object of an ODRL policy that performs (or not performs) actions or has a role in a Duty. |
---|---|
Label: | Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Party |
Note: | The Party entity can be any form of identifiable entity, such as a person, group of people, organisation, or agent. An agent is a person or thing that takes an active role or produces a specified effect. To describe more details about the Party, it is recommened to use W3C vCard Ontology [[vcard-rdf]] or FOAF [[foaf]] metadata. |
In range of: | assignee, assigner, function |
Definition: | Function is an abstract property whose sub-properties define the roles which may be fulfilled by a party in relation to a Rule. |
---|---|
Label: | Function |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/function |
Sub-properties: | assignee, assigner, attributedParty, compensatedParty, compensatingParty, consentingParty, informedParty, trackingParty |
Range: | Party |
Domain: | Rule |
Definition: | Scopes for Party Scope expressions. |
---|---|
Label: | Party Scope |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/PartyScope |
Note: | Instances of the PartyScope class represent the terms for the scope property of Parties. |
Parent class: | owl:Thing |
Instances: | All, All2ndConnections, AllConnections, AllGroups, Group, Individual |
Definition: | The identifier of a scope that narrows the extent of the entity. |
---|---|
Label: | Scope |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/scope |
Note: | Used to define scopes for Assets and Parties. |
Range: | Asset, Party |
Definition: | The Party is the recipient of the policy statement. |
---|---|
Label: | Assignee |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assignee |
Note: | Must be supported. |
Parent property: | function |
Range: | Party |
Definition: | The Party is the issuer of the policy statement. |
---|---|
Label: | Assigner |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assigner |
Note: | Must be supported. |
Parent property: | function |
Range: | Party |
Definition: | The Party to be attributed. |
---|---|
Label: | Attributed Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/attributedParty |
Note: | Maybe specified as part of the attribute action. |
Parent property: | function |
Definition: | The Party is the recipient of the compensation. |
---|---|
Label: | Compensated Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/compensatedParty |
Note: | Maybe specified as part of the compensate duty action. |
Parent property: | function |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Party that is the provider of the compensation. |
---|---|
Label: | Compensating Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/compensatingParty |
Note: | Maybe specified as part of the compensate duty action. |
Parent property: | function |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Party to obtain consent from. |
---|---|
Label: | Consenting Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/consentingParty |
Note: | Maybe specified as part of the obtainConsent action. |
Parent property: | function |
Definition: | The Party to be informed of all uses. |
---|---|
Label: | Informed Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/informedParty |
Note: | Maybe specified as part of the inform action. |
Parent property: | function |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Party is the usage tracker. |
---|---|
Label: | Tracking Party |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/trackingParty |
Note: | May be specified as part of the acceptTracking action. |
Parent property: | function |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is the defined group with multiple individual members. |
---|---|
Label: | Group |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Group |
Note: | Must be supported. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is the single Party individual. |
---|---|
Label: | Individual |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Individual |
Note: | MUST be supported. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is all of the collective individuals within a context. |
---|---|
Label: | All |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/All |
Note: | For example, may be used to indicate all the users of a specific social network the party is a member of. Note that “group” scope is also assumed. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is all of the first-level connections of the Party. |
---|---|
Label: | All Connections |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/AllConnections |
Note: | For example, may be used to indicate all “friends” of the Party. Note that “group” scope is also assumed. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is all of the second-level connections to the Party. |
---|---|
Label: | All Second-level Connections |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/All2ndConnections |
Note: | For example, may be used to indicate all “friends of friends” of the Party. Note that “group” scope is also assumed. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | Specifies that the scope of the relationship is all of the group connections of the Party. |
---|---|
Label: | All Groups |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/AllGroups |
Note: | For example, may be used to indicate all groups that the Party is a member of. Note that “group” scope is also assumed. |
Class: | PartyScope |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Definition: | The Asset entity is the subject of an ODRL policy expression that permissions and prohibitions are applied to. |
---|---|
Label: | Asset |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Asset |
Note: | The Asset entity can be any form of identifiable resource, such as data/information, content/media, applications, or services. Furthermore, it can be used to represent other Asset entities that are needed to undertake the Policy expression, such as with the Duty entity. To describe more details about the Asset, it is recommened to use Dublin Core [[dcterms]] elements or other content metadata. |
Sub-classes: | Policy |
In range of: | output, relation, target |
Definition: | Relation is an abstract property which creates an explicit link between an Action and an Asset. |
---|---|
Label: | Relation |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/relation |
Note: | Sub-properties of relation are used to define the nature of that link. |
Sub-properties: | output, target |
Range: | Asset |
Domain: | Rule |
Definition: | The identifier of a scope that narrows the extent of the entity. |
---|---|
Label: | Scope |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/scope |
Note: | Used to define scopes for Assets and Parties. |
Range: | Asset, Party |
Definition: | The target property specifies the Asset upon which the Action is performed. |
---|---|
Label: | Target |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/target |
Note: | Or not performed by Prohibitions. |
Parent property: | relation |
Range: | Asset |
Domain: | Rule |
Definition: | The output property specifies the Asset which is created from the output of the Action. |
---|---|
Label: | Output |
Identifier: | http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/output |
Parent property: | relation |
Range: | Asset |
Domain: | Rule |
Status: | Non-Normative |
Add a list of all Namespace URIs used.
The current (editors draft) ODRL Ontology and can be downloaded in Turtle serialisation.
Other serialisations (eg RDF/XML) will be provided when the ODRL Ontology is finalised.
The use of other ontology predicates to associate Assets with Policies MAY be supported using the RDF/OWL encoding.
Consider the below example; the Dublin Core [[dcterms]] license predicate is used to infer the relationship between the Asset and the Policy.
@prefix odrl: <http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/> . @prefix dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> . <http://example.com/asset:5555> dct:license <http://example.com/policy:0099> . <http://example.com/policy:0099> a odrl:Offer; odrl:permission odrl:reproduce ; odrl:prohibition odrl:modify .
This axiom infers that the Asset <http://example.com/asset:5555> is the target Asset for the Policy <http://example.com/policy:0099>. The final ODRL Offer Policy expression would then be:
<http://example.com/policy:0099> a odrl:Offer; odrl:target <http://example.com/asset:5555> ; odrl:permission odrl:reproduce ; odrl:prohibition odrl:modify .
The ODRL statements can be encoded in XML [[xml]] defined by XML Schema [[xmlschema11-1]] and XML Datatypes [[xmlschema11-2]]. All of the URIs used in ODRL XML instances MUST follow those defined in the ODRL Vocabulary.
The (editors draft) ODRL XML Schema can be downloaded.
To enable compact URIs, this encoding also supports the use of Qualified Names (QNames) [[xml-names]] for the specification of the value identifiers. In addition, Qualified Codes (QCodes) [[news-ml]] MAY also be used for vocabulary values. QCodes are similar to QNames but also allow a digit as the first character of the value.
Each of the core entities (UML Classes) from the ODRL Information Model [[!odrl-model]] will be represented by an XML element of the same name. Additionally, each entity attribute will be represented as an XML attribute of the parent element. The fixed values defined in the ODRL Information Model are represented as enumerated types. Cardinalities are also represented with XML Schema occurrence rules. Attributes are optional unless explicitly noted as REQUIRED.
Note that the Policy Type MAY infer additional constraints and requirements on the cardinalities of XML elements. See the definition of the Policy Types for further details.
The Policy element contains the following attributes:
The Policy element MAY contain the following elements:
The Policy element MAY contain the following policy-level elements:
The Asset and Relation association class are merged into a single Asset element to represent both the Asset and how it is related to the Permission/Prohibition/Duty. The Asset element contains the following attributes:
Asset element attributes MUST be used as defined by one of the sets of attributes and their cardinalities below:
The Party and Role association class are merged into a single Party element to represent both the Party and the role to the Permission/Prohibition/Duty. The Party element contains the following attributes:
Party element attributes MUST be used as defined by one of the sets of attributes and their cardinalities below:
The Permission element contains the following elements:
The Prohibition element contains the following elements:
The Duty element contains the following elements:
The Duty element contains the following attributes:
Duty element attributes MUST be used as defined by one of the sets of attributes and their cardinalities below:
The Action element contains the following attribute:
Action element attributes MUST be used as defined by one of the sets of attributes and their cardinalities below:
The Constraint element contains the following attributes:
NOTE: The Constraint name attribute is called leftOperand in the ODRL Information Model.
Constraint element attributes MUST be used as defined by one of the sets of attributes and their cardinalities below:
In some cases where Duties refer to (external) Assets, it will be necessary to package the ODRL XML expression with the representation of that (external) Asset. This XML Encoding specification does not mandate any specific packaging mechanism as communities will utilise their preferred options for data interoperability.
The below example shows the XML serialisation of an ODRL Policy. In this example, the target asset and assigner and asignee parties are defined at the policy-level, and hence, are applied to both permission rules. The first permission allows the assignee to play the target asset as long as they accept they will be tracked. The second permission allows the assignee to distribute the target asset to the identified country for a compensation payment of EUR5,000.
<o:Policy xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/" uid="http://example.com/policy:9001" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Agreement"> <o:asset uid="http://example.com/music:4545" relation="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/target"/> <o:party uid="http://example.com/sony" function="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assigner"/> <o:party uid="http://example.com/billie" function="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assignee"/> <o:permission> <o:action name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/play"/> <o:duty> <o:action name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/acceptTracking"/> </o:duty> </o:permission> <o:permission> <o:action name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/distribute"/> <o:constraint name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000080"/> <o:duty> <o:action name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/compensate"/> <o:constraint name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/payAmount" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="5000.00" unit="http://cvx.iptc.org/iso4217a:EUR"/> </o:duty> </o:permission> </o:Policy>
At Risk: The need for id/idref is now not required since the ODRL Information Model supports Policy-level Assets, Parties, and Actions. This feature maybe removed.
To support repeating the same element content across Permissions and Prohibitions, the Asset, Party, Constraint, Action, and Duty elements support the xml id and idref attributes. Any of these element that has been identified using the id attribute can then be referred to by an element with the same name using the idref attribute. In this case, the referring element must have no other content.
As shown in the below example, the Prohibition refers to elements defined in the Permission, except for the Constraint element. In this case, the assignee can play the music asset in Italy but not in France.
<o:Policy xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Set" uid="http://example.com/policy:Z1XZ"> <o:permission> <o:asset id="as1" uid="http://example.com/music:1234908" relation="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/target"/> <o:action id="ac1" name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/play"/> <o:constraint id="c1" name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="http://www.itu.int/tML/tML-ISO-3166:it"/> <o:party id="p1" uid="http://example.com/sony:10" function="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assigner"/> <o:party id= "p2" uid="http://example.com/billie:888" function="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assignee"/> </o:permission> <o:prohibition> <o:asset idref="as1"/> <o:action idref="ac1"/> <o:constraint name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="http://www.itu.int/tML/tML-ISO-3166:fr"/> <o:party idref="p1"/> <o:party idref="p2"/> </o:prohibition> </o:Policy>
Note that there is an important distinction when using this feature with the Duty element which also has the uid attribute. The uid attribute is used to refer to the same Duty from multiple Permissions. In this case the Duty has to be performed only once to gain access to all the Permissions. When using the id and idref attributes then the semantics change as in this case the Duty must be performed for each time it is referenced (potentially, many times). Note that the use of the uid and id attribute for the same Duty element is not permitted.
To support constraint relations, constraint objects can be expressed at the Policy level and locally identified with the id
attribute. The constraint (in the Permission, Prohibition, or Duty) can then refer to these contraints using its "#id".
ODRL XML processing systems MUST detect the use of "#id" in the name and rightOperand in Constraints. If detected, the processing model for Constraint relations (defined in [[!odrl-model]]) MUST then be followed.
The below example shows two constraints defined at the Policy-level with ids "C1" and C2". The Constraint in the permission refers to these using the "#C1" and "#C2" values.
<o:Policy xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/" uid="http://example.com/policy:9001" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Offer"> <o:party uid="http://example.com/billie" function="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/assignee"/> <o:permission> <o:asset uid="http://example.com/music:4545" relation="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/target"/> <o:action name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/distribute"/> <o:constraint name="#C1" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/xor" rightOperand="#C2"/> </o:permission> <o:constraint id="C1" name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000080"/> <o:constraint id="C2" name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/spatial" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/eq" rightOperand="http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000090"/> </o:Policy>
In some scenarios, the Asset of an ODRL Policy maybe also be XML or HTML markup. In these specific cases, it makes sense to enable the ODRL Policy to be articulated as part of the Asset and to support abbreviated expressions. All default values should be assumed. The preferred method of linking is to utilise the XML ID attribute. The source Asset markup may be identified with an ID attribute and the ODRL Asset element can then refer to this ID as the UID (as a URI hash fragment). An example is shown below.
<rnews:Article xml:id="item8HEX"> <rnews:title>Allies are Split<rnews:title> <rnews:description>Rebel fighters take control...<rnews:description> ... <o:Policy xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/" type="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/Set" uid="http://example.com/policy:ABAABA"> <o:permission> <o:asset uid="#item8HEX"/> <o:action name="http://w3.org/ns/odrl/2/distribute"/> <o:constraint name="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/dateTime" operator="http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/gteq" rightOperand="2011-11-11"/> </o:permission> </o:policy> ... </rnews:Article>
This section describes how to encode both the ODRL Model and Vocabulary, including any community developed Profiles, using the JSON syntax [[rfc4627]] and using a JSON Schema [[json-schema]].
The ODRL JSON Schema has not been updated to reflect the current vocabulary changes.
The ODRL JSON Schema can be downloaded.
ODRL can express complex contracts and policies which may require quite sophisticated systems to evaluate contractual permissions, restrictions and duties. However, the ODRL in JSON encoding is designed to be lightweight and requires only standard JSON software to generate or parse the representation.
In order to make the JSON encoding of ODRL as natural as possible, certain terms which are represented in the ODRL Vocabulary as values become JSON properties. For example, both assigner and assignee are Role controlled vocabulary values of Party. However, in the JSON encoding, they are expressed as fully-fledged Properties. This contrasts with the XML encoding which has a Party element and a Role attribute.
Similarly, the Asset object has a Relation controlled vocabulary with values of target and output. The JSON encoding directly represents these as first-class properties.
The ODRL Model and Vocabulary is designed in this manner, in part, to allow for extensibility. In other words, it is possible to add additional types of Party or other kinds of Asset. The JSON ODRL Encoding allows for this by using patternProperties – for example, for additional types of Party or Scope.
Unlike XML, JSON doesn’t support the concept of namespaces. This means that property values need to be expressed using globally unique identifiers, in order to be unambiguous. Therefore, one key implementation decision for ODRL in JSON is to require that terms drawn from the ODRL Vocabulary or any ODRL profile (such as RightsML [[rights-ml]]) must be expressed using complete URLs. (This differs from the XML encoding of ODRL, which allows various short forms of URLs to be used, like QNames [[xml-names]] or QCodes [[news-ml]]).
All of the URIs used in ODRL JSON instances MUST follow those defined in the ODRL Vocabulary. This includes URIs for policy types, actions, operators, operands, functions, scopes, conflict handling terms, and unsupported action-handling terms.
JSON-LD [[json-ld]] (JSON for Linked Data) is a method to convey Linked Data using JSON. It is a W3C Recommendation and it is a JSON syntax for RDF (similar to the RDF/XML and Turtle syntaxes for RDF). If you would prefer to use JSON-LD, it is recommended that you use the ODRL Ontology and appropriate software to parse and serialize the RDF triples using JSON-LD.
An ODRL policy can be of type "Privacy".
Need to add this section for the W3C Horizontal Review on Privacy Considerations.
Need to address the W3C PING Privacy Questions
The POE Working Group gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the ODRL Community Group and the earlier ODRL Initiative. The output of the ODRL Community Group was fundamental to the current vocabulary and serialisations.
In particular the editors would like to thankl Susanne Guth (Vocabulary), Jonas Öberg (JSON), and Lu Ai (JSON) for their past editorial contributions.
Significant changes in this specification from the ODRL Community Group's draft include: