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Applications
Miscellaneous
GIS and Archeology (Stanford University)
Business and GIS (Stanford University)
GIS and the Humanities (Stanford University)
Spatial Humanities (IUPUI)
GIS in Transportation (AASHTO)
Websites for GIS Health Data (Stanford University)
Crime Mapping
General
GIS software can be used to analyze patterns of crime. See the Department of Justice for additional crime mapping links.
CrimeSolutions.gov
Crime Mapping and Analysis (GIS Lounge)
Criminal Justice Resources - Crime Mapping (Michigan State University)
GIS in Public Safety (ESRI)
GIS for Crime Mapping (Maptitude)
Crime Mapping (Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science)
International Association of Crime Analysts
 Resources
Crimestat Software
Jerry Ratcliffe's Home Page
The Police Foundation
Crime Mapping & Problem Analysis Laboratory
Electronic Library
Mapping and Analysis for Public Safety (MAPS) (USDOJ)
Publications
Mapping Crime: Principle and Practice (PDF)
Mapping Crime: Understanding Hot Spots (PDF)
Spatial Analysis of Crime (PDF)
Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) (USDOJ)
Resource Center
Crime Analysis for Problem Solvers ... In 60 Small Steps (PDF)
National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD)
GIS Resources at NACJD
Analysts Corner (blogtalkradio)
Geographic Profiling
Geographic Profiling (Environmental Criminology Research, Inc.)
Geographic Profiling (Royal Canadian Mounted Police)
Geographic Profiling (NIJ)
Geographic Profiling Hype or Hope (PDF)
Dragnet (Center for Investigative Psychology/David Canter)
Predator
Rigel (ECRI)
Data Journalism
Journalists are increasingly incorporating maps, charts, and statistics in their reporting.
General
Data Journalism Handbook
Decision Support/Participatory Mapping
GIS software is increasingly being used for decision analysis in a collaborative environment.
Decision Support
Collaborative Spatial Decision-Making (NCGIA)
Geocollaboration (Penn State)
Risk Assessment and Decision Support (Penn State)
Multi-Criteria Analysis
Chief Kerry's Moose: A Guidebook to Land Use and Occupancy Mapping, Research Design, and Data Collection (PDF)
Concepts of Operations
GIS Standard operating Procedures on Incidents (National Wildfire Coordinating Group)
Homeland Security Geospatial Concept of Operations
Common Land Unit (Farm Service Agency)
Common Land Unit - GIS in Emergency Preparedness and Response (Farm Service Agency)
Participatory Mapping
A Guide to Using Community Mapping and Participatory GIS (PDF)
Field Guide for Humanitarian Mapping (MapAction) (PDF)
Good Practices in Participatory Mapping (PDF)
Green Map System (Green mapping)
Jane goodall's roots & shoots
Handbook on Participatory Land Use Planning
Parish Maps (Common Ground)
Toolbox and Manual: Mapping the Vulnerability of Communities (Salzburg University Center for Geoinformatics) (PDF)
Maps for Advocacy: An Introduction to Geographic Mapping Techniques (Tactical Technology Collective) (zip)
Pacific Cultural Mapping, Planning, and Policy toolkit
Participatory Mapping: A Review
Participatory Three-Dimensional Modelling: Guiding Principles and Applications
Integrated Approaches to Participatory Development
Participatory Mapping Toolbox
Volunteered Geographic Information/User Generated Information
Volunteered geographic information and user generated/scraped information provide interesting possibilities for the generation of new and interesting products.
Volunteered Geographic Information (Los Alamos, Vespucci Institute, Army Research Office, NCGIA)
Volunteered Geographic Information Workshop (USGS)
OpenStreetMap Collaborative Prototype, Phase One (USGS)
Structures Data Collection for The National Map using Volunteered Geographic Information (USGS)
Geographic Context Analysis of Volunteered Information
COMMONCENSUS Map Project
The Great Pop Versus Soda Controversy
The Neighborhood Project
Flickr Shapedata
The Shape of Alpha
Social Weather Mapping with Twitter
Social Weather Mapping From Google Chrome Experiment
Google Map Maker
Map Makerpedia
OpenStreetMap
Walking Papers
CloudMade
Crowdmap
GeoGraffiti
Glow - How Do You Feel?
History Pin
Ushahidi
WikiMapia
Geocomputation/Spatial Analysis
GeoComputation involves the computational aspects of geographical analysis. It includes research in exploratory spatial data analysis, geographic visualization, applications of artificial intelligence to geography, distributed computing, and parallel computing.
Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science (CSISS)
Spatial Tools Search Engine (CSISS)
Spatial Tools Links to Portals (CSISS)
Centre for Computational Geography (University of Leeds)
Concepts and Techniques in Modern Geography (CATMOG)
The Data Mine
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery References
France, Reconstructed from Apparently Inadequate Data (Strange Maps)
Fuzzy Logic
GeoDa
Geographically Weighted Regression
Genetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Computing
Geometry Algorithms
Geospatial Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide
comp.graphics.algorithms FAQ
Graph Theory Tutorial
AI-GEOSTATS Guide to Software
gstat Geostatistical Software
A Practial Guide to Geostatistical Mapping
GeoVISTA Studio Software (Penn State)
PCRaster (Dynamic Raster Modeling)
Population Analysis Software Group
Spatial Analysis and Decision Assistance
SpatStat (Open Source Spatial Statistics)
System for Automated Geospatial Analysis - SAGA (Open Source Geospatial Analysis)
TerraSeer (SpatioTemporal Pattern Analysis)
Variogram Estimation and Spatial Prediction plus Error (VESPER)
VisuMap (High Dimensional Data Visualization)
Geodemographics
Geodemographics links demographic data with geography to develop profiles of people living in a specific area. This section includes non-Government sites dealing with the census as well as geodemographic vendors. See the Census Bureau listings for Government sites related to the census and reapportionment/redistricting.
General
Social Explorer
Synthesized Population Data (MIDAS)
Census
Decision Making Information: Census 2000 (Proximity)
Census Data (ESRI)
By the Numbers (USA Today)
GeoLytics Census Data
Local Census
National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS)
Redistricting/Apportionment
Gerrymandering (Center for Voting and Democracy)
Spotting Bushmanders (University of Chicago Press)
Redistricting Software
Districting for ArcGIS (ESRI)
Maptitude for Redistricting (Caliper)
Complete Solutions for Redistricting (DeskMap Systems, Inc.)
Geodemographic Data Vendors
SiteReports (Nielsen)
PolicyMap (Pushpin)
SimplyMap (Geographic Research, Inc.)
Geocoding
Spatially Enabling the data: What is geocoding?
Geocode.com (Tele Atlas)
Geocoding Applications (USC)
Geocoding (Texas A&M)
Geocoding Applications (Pitney Bowes Mapinfo)
iBegin Geocoder (iBegin.com)
Map Your Own Data (Maptitude)
batchgeocode.com (Free geocoder)
Bulk Geocoder
Geocoding Tool (MAPSYS.INFO)
Street Address to Coordinates (Data Science Toolkit)
Geospatial Semantic Web
The semantic web allows machines to understand the meaning of information on the web. Technologies assosiated with the semantic web include the Resrouce Description Framework (RDF) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL).
GeoNames Ontology
LinkedGeoData.org
Geographic Text Analysis
General
Workshop on the Analysis of Geographic References (NAACL)
Toponym Resolution in Text (Jochen Leidner)
MaNIS/HerpNet/ORNIS Georeferencing Calculator
MaNIS/HerpNet/ORNIS Georeferencing Guidelines
Mapping and Text
BioGeoMancer
BuzzTracker
Entity Extraction Systems
These systems extract persons, places, organizations, time, and other information from free text.
Named Entity Recognition (Wikipedia)
Natural Language Toolkit
AlchemyAPI
Demo
ClearForest
General Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE) (University of Sheffield Natural Language Processing)
ANNIE
Identifinder (BBN)
LingPipe (aliasi)
Demo
Calais
Rosette Entity Extractor (Basis Technology)
Geotagging systems
These systems both extract names from text and assign coordinate values to the names.
Clavin (Berico Technologies)
MetaCarta
Geodict
GeoGravy
GeoMaker
NetOwl (SRA)
Placemaker (Yahoo! Geo Technologies)
Unlock - texts (University of Edinburgh)
Landscape Analysis
Landscape analysis attempts to understand the landscape by measuring the size, shape, distribution, and relationships among features and on the terrain.
Bibliography of Terrain Modeling (Geomorphometry) 2002 (USGS)
ANUDEM (Australian National University)
Directional Statistics (Oriana)
Fragstats Home Page (University of Massachusetts)
Geomorphological Characterisation of Digital Elevation Models (University of Leicester)
Patch Analyst
Pattern Analysis, Spatial Statistics and Geographic Exegesis (Passage)
Spatial Hydrology
Mobile Mapping
Mobile/field mapping applications are becoming increasingly popular as cellphone, handheld, and palm top computers become cheaper and more powerful. Navigation and map display applications typically link a GPS receiver with a map display for location and/or routing applications.
Cellphone/Handheld/Palmtop
Handheld/Wireless GIS Software (GeoCommunity)
GpsPilot
OziExplorer Web Site
PDASHPCREATOR
Teletype GPS - Handheld Navigation Display
Location-Based Services
Mobile Wireless Services Channel (GeoCommunity)
Comsearch
Maptuit
Nav4All - Free GPS navigation on your mobile phone!
Webraska
Social Location Sharing
Foursquare
Data Collection
GIS systems require accurate feature and attribute information. This information can come from existing maps, Global Positioning System (GPS) collection systems, or imagery (using photogrammetry or remote sensing). Web cameras provide a handy source of real-time imagery.
Digitizing Software
Digitizing software allows users to collect spatial data from maps.
CartaLinx (Idrisi)
Didger (Golden Software) - Digitizing Software
R2V Raster to Vector Conversion Software (Able Software)
Vector Magic - Online Vectorization (Stanford University)
WinTopo - Raster to Vector Conversion
Digitizing Hardware
Digitizing hardware includes digitizing tablets and scanners.
Colortrac
Contex
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Global Positioning System (GPS)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a constellation of satellites and ground stations that are used for precise positioning. The technology is finding a role in navigation, precision farming, and GIS data collection.
General
The general GPS web sites provide pointers to GPS and related technology overviews and tutorials. Galileo (European) and GLONASS (Russian) are positioning system alternatives to GPS.
Navipedia
GPS FAQ
Global Positioning System Overview (Peter Dana)
gpsinformation.net
Global Positioning System (GPS) Resources - Sam Wormley
Guide to GPS Positiong (University of New Brunswick)
Useful GPS Information (Maps-GPS-Info.com)
GPS Organizations
These sites provide pointers to Government sites with GPS missions.
GPS.gov
National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Executive Committee
Federal Aviation Administration Satellite Navigation
Global Positioning Systems Wing
GPS Vendors
These sites provide pointers to commercial vendors of GPS products.
Garmin GPS
Magellan GPS
Navtech Seminars and GPS Supply
NovAtel (GPS solutions)
Sokkia (GPS solutions)
Trimble
GPS Data Collection Software
GPS systems can be used to collect feature and attribute information in the field. The sites listed below provide data collection software for GPS systems.
ArcPad(ESRI)
CMT
FieldWorker
FieldWorker
GPS Data Collection Software (Windmill Software)
MapFrame
PocketGIS
StarPal - Handheld GIS
Transmap.com - mobile mapping solutions
GPS Data Conversion
GPS data can be converted for other GPS receivers or mapping software.
GPSBabel
Indoor Mapping
Indoor mapping uses technologies to map the insides of buildings and complexes.
Google Mapping the Indoors
Indoor Mapping (Trimble)
Mapping the Great Indoors (micello)
Indoor Maps (Bing)
Point Inside
Photogrammetry
Photogrammetry is the science of precise measurements of locations from imagery. Typical photogrammetric products include feature data, Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), and orthophotos.
inpho GmbH
Photogrammetric Software and Hardware (KLT Associates)
Geospatial eXploitation Products (BAE Systems)
Remote Sensing
Remote sensing analyzes the spectral information in imagery to extract features.
General
Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing (University of Colorado)
Remote Sensing Resources (American Museum of Natural History)
Remote Sensing (NASA)
Useful Remote Sensing Links (Furman)
Remote Sensing Resources (CIESEN)
GeoImaging - The Source for Earth Imaging Information (GeoCommunity)
Satellites (NOAA)
Data Fusion Server - Data Fusion in Remote Sensing
Software
Definiens
ENVI (ITT Visual Information Solutions)
ERDAS Imagine (Intergraph)
ER Mapper (Hexagon Geospatial)
MrSid Image Compression (LizardTech)
PCI Geomatics
RasDaMan
Imagery Collection/Analysis
Aerial Data Service, Inc.
Applied Analysis, Inc.
ASL Remote Sensing
Floatograph Technologies
Grassroots Mapping
Kite Aerial Photography
Point of View Cameras.com
swinglet CAM (senseFly)
Unmanned Glider Imaging
Vexcel
Sensor Web
Sensors are being georefenced and made accessible thorugh a variety of technologies.
General
These sites contain pointers to general information on the sensor web and sensor web-related projects.
Sensor Web (Wikipedia)
OOSTethys
Sensor Web (NASA)
Volcano Sensor Web (JPL)
Standards
These sites contain pointers to specifications and documentation related to the Sensor Web. The Sensor Web Enablement Working Group page contains links to individual specifications in the family of specifications. Sensor Web Enablement Working Group (OGC)
Sensor Model Language - SensorML (OGC)
Introduction to SensorML (UAH)
Sensor Observation Services - SOS (OGC)
Sensor Planning Service - SPS (OGC)
Transducer Markup Language (TML) (OGC)
Observations & Measurements - O&M (OGC)
Sensors
These sites contain technology for connecting sensors and the web.
Web Cameras/GPS Cameras/GeoImages
Web Cameras or webcams are an excellent source of real-time geographic knowledge.
Web Cam Locators
These sites contain pointers to webcams.
EarthCam - Webcam Network
Webcams Around the World (Fox News)
Geology Webcams (About.com)
Live Free WEBCAMS
WebCam Central
GPS-Enabled Camera Systems
These sites contain pointers to digital cameras linked to GPS receivers, as well as software.
GeoMovie (Magic Instinct Software)
Contour GPS Video Mapping (Contour)
GeoSpatial Experts
Red Hen Multimedia Mapping Products
Pict'Earth
Sony GPS-CS1KA
RoboGEO
GeoImages
These sites contain images useful for understanding geography.
Cities and Buildings (University of Washington)
Earth From Space (NASA)
Earth Science Picture of the Day (Universities Space Research Consortium)
Picture Library (Royal Geographical Society)
Displaying Photographs on Maps
These sites display geotagged photographs on a map or street view.
Maps
Flickr
Fotomaps
HistoGrafica
Historypin
Panoraimo World Map
SepiaTown
Streetviews
What Was There
Single Image Geolocation
These sites automatically provide information on geolocation from a single image.
Google Image Search
IM2GPS (Carnegie Mellon University)
GIS Data
Data is the heart of any GIS system and often the bulk of the expense in developing a working application.
General
These web sites provide pointers to data as well as sources of data, primarily within the US. Additional information can be found for the individual agencies listed in the Federal Government listings.
Search Engines
Data and Services (FGDC)
GeoCommons
DATA.GOV
searchOGC
Other Guides and Listings
A Comprehensive Guide to State and Nationwide GeoData Clearinghouses for the United States (Directions Magazine)
Free GIS Data (Nicely organized set of links)
Data sets: A list in flux (Citizen Statistician)
American Digital Cartography, Inc.
Borderbase
Jan S. Krogh's GeoSite (Border, enclave info)
Business Resources: Business Statistics (PolicyExpert)
CensusCD+Maps (GeoLytics)
Data Download by Country (DIVA-GIS)
DEM Data Sources (Esri)
earthguide.maps (UCSD)
East View Cartographic
eMapSite
Expert Business Resources: Business Statistics (PolicyExpert)
Free GIS Data and Map Layers (MapCruzin.com)
Global Population Statistics (GeoHive)
Geospatial Resources (Humboldt State University)
The GIS Data Depot (Geocommunity)
Alexandria Digital Library
Global Administrative Areas (gadm.org)
cshapes - Historical Maps of State Boundaries Post WW II (nils weidmann)
Global Roads Data (CIESIN)
GlobalSoilMap.net
Guide To On-line U.S. Geospatial and Attribute Data (CAST - University of Arkansas)
Historical Marker Database (HMdb.org)
Land Info
Last of the Wild: Human Footprint (SEDAC)
Gridded Population of the World (SEDAC)
LandScan Global Population Database (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
Libre Map Project (Free Data)
MapMart
Natural Earth (Free cartographic vector and raster data)
On-Line Vegetation and Plant Distribution Maps
Open Topography (National Science Foundation)
Postal Information Resources (refdesk.com)
PopulationData.net (French language)
Population Density and Urbanization (United Nations)
Postal/Zip Codes (GeoCommunity)
Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (Columbia University)
Wild World Ecoregion Information (National Geographic/World Wild Life Fund)
World Database of Large urban Areas 1950-2050 (nordpil)
Standards
ISO/TC211 - Geographic information/Geomatics
Overview of some relevant standards from ISO/TC 211 (Solid Earth and Environmental Grid)
Open Geospatial Consortium
GIS Data Formats (GeoCommunity)
GIS File Formats
GeoTIFF
Location Resource Formats (microformats.org)
Digital Geospatial Information Working Group (DGIWG)
Spatial Data Standards for Facilities, Infrastructure, and Environment (SDSFIE)
SDTS - The Spatial Data Transfer Standard (GeoCommunity)
SDTS - The Spatial Data Transfer Standard Information Site (USGS)
Synthetic Environment Data Representation & Interchange Specification (SEDRIS)
Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats
Metadata
Metadata is 'data about data.' It describes the contents, areal coverage, format, lineage, and source of a spatial data set.
FGDC and USGS Metadata Sites
Geospatial Metadata (FGDC)
Frequently-asked questions on FGDC metadata
Metadata Publications
Metadata in Plain Language
Geospatial Metadata Validation Service
Other Metadata Sites
Dublin Core Metadata Initiative
GeoNetwork - Geographic Metadata Catalog
GeoNetwork - Download
EPA Metadata Editor
Metadata Training Resources
Geographic Information Metadata (INTA)
Sailing Through Coastal Metadata (NOAA Coastal Services Center) (PDF)
Metadata Primer (University of Wisconsin)
Metadata Tools for Geospatial Data (University of Wisconsin)
Metadata Workbook On-Line
MetaMap
GeoTagging
General
Geotagging (Wikipedia)
Geographic registration of HTML Documents
Yahoo! GeoPlanet
Yahoo! GeoPlanet Explorer
Microformats
Microformats - Part 0: Introduction (Alex Faaborg)
Microformats - Part 1: Structured Data Chaos (Alex Faaborg)
Microformats - Part 2: The Fundamental Types (Alex Faaborg)
Microformats - Part 3: Introducing Operator (Alex Faaborg)
Tutorials on Microformats
hCard
geo
adr
Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF)
The EXIF format can be used to geocode photographic images. It is a standard developed by the Japan Electronics and Information Technologies Association. Coordinate information can be added to EXIF files using GPS at the time the photo is taken, or can be edited at a later time using software.
EXIF.org (Unofficial EXIF site)
EXIF (About.com)
EXIF (Wikipedia)
Geocoded Photograph: Includes EXIF Software (Wikipedia)
EXIF GPS Tags
Jeffrey's Exif Viewer
Other Formats
ICBM (Wikipedia)
Basic Geo Vocabulary (W3C)
Geo Tag Elements
Wikipedia Template: Coord
Identifiers and Concordances
Where On Earth Identifier (WOEID)
GeoPlanet Concordance (Yahoo)
Yahoo! GeoPlanet Explorer
freegeoip.net
Geosetta
MapIt
GeoTagged Images
These sites link geotags to images or provide capabilities to geocode images.
Flickr
Geotagging Flickr
Picasa
Geotagging Photos
SmugMug Maps
Tagzania
trippermap
woophy (World of Photography)
RoboGEO
gpicsync
HoudahGeo (for Mac)
Geotagging Etiquette
Physical Coding/Tagging
These sites link sites relating to matrix barcodes or symbols which are readable by scanners, mobile phones, and smartphones. Often they can link directly to URLs.
QR Code (Wikipedia)
QR Code.com
QR Code Generator (Kaywa)
QR Stuff
BeeTagg (Wikipedia)
BeeTagg QR System
Data Matrix (Wikipedia)
Data Matrix Generator
Semacode (Wikipedia)
Semacode.com Blog
Aztec Code (Wikipedia)
Miscellaneous
Data Science Toolkit (IP to Coordinates, Coordinates to Political Areas, Places in Text, etc.)
Geo-Tag Validator
geo:truc (Outputs multiple formats)
Address Fix (Generates tags for address or location)
Products
Elevation Data
DEM Resources (GeoCommunity)
Terrainmap.com
Global
Bathymetry, Topography & Global Relief
Global Land One-km Base Elevation (GLOBE Project) NOAA
Global Topography (Scripps Institute)
GTOPO 30 Elevation Data (EROS Data Center) USGS
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer - Aster (JPL)
ASTER DEMs (JPL)
ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (JPL)
STRM 90m (CGIAR-CSI)
USGS DEM
Elevation Products
Elevation
NGA/JPL SRTM
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Updates (GeoCommunity)
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (NASA)
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (USGS)
Orthophoto Data
Digital Orthophoto Quadrangles (USGS)
A Primer on Working with DOQs (GeoCommunity)
Street Network Data
Street network data provides information on the road system.
HERE
TomTom
roadnet technologies
Topographic Data
Topographic maps provide general information about the landscape and use contours to portray the terrain. The primary producer of topographic maps in the United States is the U.S. Geological Survey.
General
These sites provide general information about topographic maps.
Topographic Maps (About.com)
USGS Topographic Maps
Finding and Ordering USGS Topographic Maps
Introduction to Topographic Maps (Idaho State University)
Topo 101 - Topographic Maps, The Basics (Natural Resources Canada)
Landforms on Topographic Maps
Digital Data/Software
These sites provide digital versions of topographic maps. See Topographic Maps under on-line mapping for on-line topographic maps.
ChartTIFF Geos - Scanned Topo Maps
TopoMaker from ChartTIFF (Fee-Based On-line Topo Map Printing)
Digital Raster Graphics (DRG) USGS Scanned Topographic Map
MapTech Land - Digital Topographic Maps
Topo North America (DeLorme)
Electronic Charts
Electronic charts are rapidly replacing the traditional paper nautical chart.
Electronic Navigational Charts (NOAA)
Geospatial Information & Services Maritime Navigation Handbook
Imagery
Imagery is an increasingly popular form of source data. The successful launches of a series of high resolution satellites will increase the availability of imagery.
Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc. (Field Spectral Radiometers)
DigitalGlobe.com
European Space Agency
ImageSat International
Pixxures
MDA - Radarsat Data
Red Hen Systems, Inc. - Video Mapping Systems
ResMap (Free Satellite Imagery)
SPOT Image (Toulouse, FR)
Gazetteers
Gazetteers list place names along with their coodinates and descriptions.
Data
Place Name Sites (Arizona State)
Countries - Searchable Geographical names Data Bases (United Nations)
Geographic Names on the Internet (PCGN)
Australian Geographic Place Names
Columbia Gazetteer of the World
dbPedia (Sructured information from Wikipedia)
Freebase
Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature (International Astronomical Union)
Geonames (Geonames.org)
GEOnet Names Server (NGA)
Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
Global Gazetteer (Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.)
Canada's Geographical Names
United Nations LOCODE
Mountain Peak Name Search (Peakware World Mountain Encyclopedia)
Unlock - places (University of Edinburgh)
Place Names (Ordnance Survey)
World Gazetteer
Pronunciation
Voice of America
Pronunciation Guide
Pro.nounce
BBC
Pronouncing British Place names
Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation
Forvo
MISS PRONOUNCER.COM (Wisconsin names)
List of names in English with counterintuitive pronunciations (Wikipedia)
Organizations
The United States Board on Geographic Names
Foreign Names
Domestic Names
Principles, Policies, and Procedures (PDF)
Geographical Names Board of Canada
Guiding principles for geographical naming
Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use
Committee for Geographical Names of Australasia
Guidelines for the Consistent Use of Place Names
Glossary of Generic Terms
New Zealand Geographic Board
Frameworks of the New Zealand Geographic Board
EuroGeoNames
Standing Committee on Antarctic Geographic Information (Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research)
Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica
International Council of Onomastic Sciences (ICOS)
Council of Geographic Names Authorities (COGNA)
United Nations - Group of Experts on Geographical Names
Consistent Use of Place Names
National Authorities for Geographical Names
Names Authorities Web Site Links
National Toponymic Guidelines
Searchable Geographical Names Databases
Glossary of Terms for the Standardization of Geographical Names
Manual for the national standardization of geographical names (UNGEGN)
Media Kit
Other
A Selective Bibliography of International Web Sites Relating to Toponyms, Anthroponyms and Miscellaneous Name Sites: For use in Conducting Onomastic Research (University of Illinois at Chicago)
Geonames (Blog)
ICA Course on Toponymy
Toponymic Terminology Glossary (United Nations)
Teaching Through Toponymy: Using Indigenous Place-names in Outdoor Science Camps (Heikkila)
Conversion
GIS data comes in many formats, including proprietary and public domain formats. Data conversion is commonly required to make maximum use of available data.
ALTERYX (SRC)
GeoKettle (Spatialytics.org)
SAFE Software
GPSBabel
Mr. Data Converter
Talend Spatial Module
Zamzar (Online file format conversion)
Data Cleaning
Data cleaning tools are used to 'clean up' data files, doing such things as standardizing values, removing extraneous records, etc..
OpenRefine (formerly Google refine)
DataWrangler (Stanford visualization Group)
Data Match (Data Ladder)
Data Science Toolkit
WinPure
GIS Services
Consulting/Data Generation
These companies provide GIS consulting and/or data generation services.
Analytical Surveys, Inc.
Avineon
Devel-Tech
Dewberry
Fugro EarthData, Inc.
Field Consulting & Services, Inc. (GE Smallworld Consulting & Services)
G-Squared, L.L.C. - Photogrammetric Services
Geotech Computer Systems
Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc.
HJW GeoSpatial, Inc.
InfoTech
James W. Sewall Company
Merrick & Co. (Geospatial)
Mosaik Solutions
Orbis Directions Consulting Ltd.
Plangraphics
RMSI
Sanborn Map Company
Spatial Effects
Spatial Insights, Inc.
Tetra Tech
VESTRA Resources, Inc.
Jobs
GIS skills are increasingly in demand in the job market. These sites are for both employees and employers.
General
The General job section includes a career brochure published by ACSM, as well as various clearinghouses and job search companies.
Careers in Cartography (British Cartographic Society)
Careers in Cartography and GIS
Geospatial Career Brochure (ASPRS)
Careers in the GIS (Blog)
MapPros! Careers in Geospatial Technologies
GeoCommunity Career Center
gojobs.biz
GIS Job Clearinghouse
GISjobs.com
Geosearch
Job Listing Sites in GIS (GIS Lounge)
Working in the Map Industry (British Cartographic Society)
Federal
Many GIS specialists are employed as cartographers, geographers, and physical scientist in the Federal Government. The Qualification Standards provide information on skills and abilities required to qualify for positions, while the Position Classification Standards are used to establish the working levels for the various positions. The FedScope site is an interesting site which provides detailed information on the Federal Workforce broken down by a large number of variables, such as job series, agency, sex, salary, age, etc.
Geospatial Competency Model
High Growth Industry Profile - Geospatial Technology (US Department of Labor)
Geospatial Workforce Development (NGAC)
Qualification Standards for General Schedule Positions (Includes Geographer and Cartographer)
Position Classification Standard for Geography Series, GS-0150 (PDF)
Job Family Position Classification Standard for Professional Work in the Physical Science Group, GS-1300 (Includes Cartographers) (PDF)
FedScope Employment Data Cubes
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Careers
Certification
There are several certification options open to GIS professionals.
GIS Certification Institute (GISCI)
ASPRS Certification Program
ESRI Technical Certification
Ordnance Survey Accreditation
USGIF Geospatial Intelligence
Publications
This section lists topics which may be of interest to GIS users.
Bibliographies/Literature
These sites contain GIS bibliographies or collections of literature.
GIS Open Files (AAPG)
Bibliographies (GIS Lounge)
Library (ESRI)
Geo-Spatial/GIS Library and White Papers (GeoCommunity)
Literature Search of Spatial Analysis in the Social Sciences (CSISS)
National Academies Board on Earth Science and Resources Reports (Geography)
Print Publications
There are an increasing number of publications related to GIS.
GIS Journals and Other Publications (NCSU)
Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications - Online Version of Wiley Book
American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Publications
Canadian Geographic
Cartographica
The Cartographic Journal
Earth
Current Geographical Publications
GeoConnexion
GeoInformatica
GEOInformatics
Geoscience Data Journal
GIS Development
GPS World
Imaging Notes
Imago Mundi
Journal of Geographical Systems
Journal of the International Map Collector's Society
Journal of Spatial Science
Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (ASPRS)
Terrae Incognitae - Journal of the Society for the History of Discoveries
Transactions in GIS
Electronic Publications/On-Line News
Electronic publications, with no print equivalent, are now appearing.
Netzines (GIS Lounge)
Directions Magazine (Directions Media)
e-Perimetron
Geography in the News (Royal Geographical Society)
Geospatial Solutions
ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies
International Journal of Health Geographics
The Journal of Maps
Location Intelligence (Directions Media)
MP2K. The Magazine for Microsoft MapPoint
Parsons Journal for Information Mapping
SpatialNews.com
Television Programs
Lost at Sea: The Search for Longitude (NOVA)
The Viking Deception (NOVA)
Podcasts/Videos
Podcasts
Podcasts on GIS (GIS Lounge)
A Very Spatial Podcast
Directions Magazine
ESRI Speaker Series Podcasts
Geospatial Revolution (Penn State Public Broadcasting)
USGS CoreCast
Data Stories
You Tube Channels
EsriTV
Esri Education Team
FME Channel
FME Guru
Intergraph Corporation
Exelis
ITT Exelis Geospatial Image and Data Analysis Software
Videos
ASPRS Videos
GIS Video Library (A M Productions, Inc.)
The Impossible Map (National Film Board - Canada)
The Question, What is a Map? Is More Relevant than Ever (Frederick Reuss)
Cartography
Cartography deals with the art and science of making maps. Cartography is moving rapidly from the traditional paper map to on-line, interactive map displays.
General
These are general cartographic web sites.
Cartographic Reference Resources (Texas)
42 or 363 Definitions of Cartography
Making Sense of Maps
Map- and Chart-Making: The Art and Science of Cartography (Rice)
Map-Related Web Sites (University of Texas)
The Mathematics of Cartography (Rice)
Top 8 Atlases (About.com)
Kanetix Travel Guide to Cartographic Resources
Unusual Maps
This section highlights unusual maps and cartifacts, which are non-map objects with maps printed on them.
Carto-Maine-ia: Puzzles and Wraps and Oddball Maps
A Phenomenology of Cartifacts
Cartifact Gallery of Jan Smits
Time for New Plates (Spatial Sustain)
Geographical Fun - Cartoon Maps
Humorous Maps - Cartoon Maps (Dutch language site)
Abstract City
350 - Accidental Maps: Cartocacoethes or Blatant Pareidolia? (big think)
494 - Accidental Maps: It's a Dog-nosed World: Accidental Cartography Revisited (big think)
593 - Accidental Maps: Greenland by Way of a Drainpipe (big think)
Twelve Animals
Cartography's Favourite Map Monster: the Land Octopus
Maps Come Alive (streetsofsalem)
City Size Comparison
How big is Afghanistan?
BBC Dimensions
ifitweremyhome.com
MAPfrappe (overlay different geographical features)
OverlayMaps.com (overlay different geographical features)
Scents and the City (NY Times)
How to: Make Your Own Scratch-And-Sniff Map
Population, Density, Area Comparison
Mental Maps (JB Krygier)
Mapping Weird Stuff (JB Krygier)
Emotional Cartography: Technologies of the Self
The Upside Down Map Page
Panamap
Pictorial Maps (George Glazer Gallery)
Ohio is a Piano
New York Subway Map as Musical Instrument (Map Room)
opte project - Maps of the Internet
Radical Cartography
Spatial Unmapped (GIS Lounge)
Map Cakes (Gretchen Peterson)
Map Cookies (Gretchen Peterson)
Typographic Maps (Spatial Analysis)
Typographic Maps (Cartogrammer)
Typographic Maps II (Cartogrammer)
Word Maps | Words on Maps | Map Typography (DIY Cartography)
Style.org
Puzzle and Game Maps (BibliOdyssey)
Map Fold-Outs
Where is China?
geoGreeting
Mapenvelope
Google Maps: Wishing you a happy April Fools!
Cartographic Valentine Maps (Cartophilia)
The Shape of Flickr Nation
Al Franken Draws a Map of the United States from Memory
Your Body is a Wondermap ZipScribble Maps
Maps and the Arts
This section highlights maps in the arts and literature.
Literature
Literary Selections on Cartography
G.J. Demko's Landscapes of Crime
Map Quotations (History of Cartography)
GIS Quotes (GIS Lounge)
Maps in Literature (University of Bologna)
Maps on News Websites (Online Journalism Blog)
GeoCoded Art
Telling Map Stories
Meograph
GeoStories (National Geographic)
MapStory
Maptia
Neatline
Storytelling with Maps (Esri)
Telling Compelling Stories with Numbers: Data Visualization and Communication (Stephen Few)
Graphic Arts
40 Creative Remakes of the World Map
Flying Carpet - Public Art
Butterflies Made from Maps (Image Surgery)
Christoph Niemann Google Map Manipulations
Geospatial Art (Nikolas Schiller)
Map Coasters
Map Cuts (studio k)
Map Paintings (Rachel Ann Austin)
Map Works (Susan Stockwell)
Maps (Heidi Neilson)
On the Map - Artists Inspired by Maps
Six Contemporary Artists Who Use Maps in their Work
Val Britton
Nancy Goodman Lawrence
Francesca Berrin
Nikki Rosato's Map Sculptures (Canadian Geographic)
Printable Carpet
PrintableGeography
Wood Cut Maps
Woodcut Maps (bobvila)
Soft Cities
Crumpled City Maps
T-Shirt Maps (Cartophilia)
Sensory Maps
Map Coasters (Martha Stewart)
Primarily Paper Maps
This section highlights paper maps, providing information on outline maps, companies that produce paper maps, and sites selling paper maps. Of course, many companies providing paper products also offer digital products.
Sales
EverywhereMaps.com
maps.com - Map Store
Map Link
Omni Resources
World of Maps
Producers
Cartifact
DK Maps and Atlases
East View Cartographic
CRAM (Herff Jones Education Division)
Jeppesen - Aeronautical Map Products
Map Graphics
Rand McNally
Raven Maps and Images
Outline Maps
Download blank outline maps for printing.
Free Outline Maps (GIS Lounge)
d-maps.com
Outline Map Sites (Perry-Castenada Map Library Collection)
U.S. County Outline Maps
National Geographic Xpeditions Maps for Copying and Printing
About.com Free Blank Outline Maps
Countries and Continents of the World
Fifty States of the United States
Outline Maps - Houghton Mifflin Company
Outline Maps of Canada (Natural Resources Canada)
Printable Outline Maps of US and US States (USGS)
Blank Maps and World Maps
Maps for Printing (UCSD) - Scroll down page to locate.
Map Scale
Map scales relate the distance on the map to the distance on the earth's surface. They can be tricky to understand. These sites will help you understand the concepts.
Map Scales (USGS)
Map Scales (Natural Resources Canada)
Maps Scale (San Francisco Estuary Institute)
Guide to Map Scale (University of Arizona)
Choose the right map (Ordnance Survey)
Map Scales
Mapping Scale Converter
Map Folding
Folding and unfolding maps is often a vexing problem for the map user. Here are some tips and tricks to make help the paper map user.
Folding Maps (Science Magazine)
Map Folding (Wolfram Research)
Map Folding Techniques in the Digital Age (Wuhan University)
The Math of Folding Maps (NPR)
popoutproducts/popoutmaps
Zoomable Paper Map (GIS Lounge)
Digital Maps
Companies
These companies sell or produce digital maps.
Map Resources
Digital Maps (Maps.com)
Digital Vector Maps (Illustrator and Editable PDF formats)
Digital Wisdom (Map Art Work)
Maponics
mapinformation, llc
Interactive Base and Thematic Mapping
Cartagen (GSS)
CloudMade
GMapCreator
Google Charts
Google Styled Maps (API)
indiemapper
Map Symbol Brewer
thematicmapping.org
Webfoot Mapeteria
Globes
Globes have been around for since early Greece, but there are new versions for a digital world. Eartha, from DeLorme, is the world's largest rotating and revolving globe.
General
Globes and Terrain Models (Library of Congress)
Eartha - World's Largest Rotating Globe
The Great Globe Gallery
Guide to Globe Makers
The Mapparium
James Wilson, America's First Globe Maker (Common-Place)
The History, Technology and Care of Globes (Smithsonian)
How to Care for Globes (Canadian Conservation Institute)
How It's Made: Globe (Science Channel)
Make Your Own Globe
Le Paper Globe
Giant Paper Mache Globe
Paper Mache Globe (Enchanted Learning Software)
Science on a Sphere (NOAA)
Surface of the Earth Icosahedron Globe - Cutout (NOAA)
Dating Globes (Clean Virginia Waterways)
Determining the Age of Your Globe (Replogle Globes)
How Old is My Map or Globe (Cram)
Determining the Age of Your World Globe (World Globe Universe)
Manufacturers and Sellers
Educational Maps and Globes LLC
Bellerby Globemakers
Cram (Herff Jones Education Division)
Eureka Globes
Greaves & Thomas (Commercial Globe Sellers)
ImagineNations
Inflatable Globes, and Other Similar Items (Gretchen Peterson)
National Geographic Globes
Rand McNally Globes
Replogle Globes
Sabine Rethore Globes
Spherical Concepts, Inc.
UltimateGlobes.com
World Globe Universe
Map Production
These sites provide information on software, tools, and information related to the production of hardcopy maps.
Basic
These sites provide software for map production.
Avenza (Publishing Plug-Ins for Illustrator/Freehand)
GeoStatistique (Articque)
Ortelius (for the Mac)
Lorienne - Map Publication Software
MapMaker Plus Historic Cartographic Fonts and Resources
Terrain Tools Freeware (Natural Resource Software)
Map Design
Map design is critical for producing maps that can be easily understood.
Map Design Process (JB Krygier)
Cartographic Design and Development (Ordnance Survey)
Cartographic Communication (Map Design)
The Cartographic Aesthetic (Map Hugger)
Graphic Design Principles for Mapping: Figure-Ground Organization (Esri)
Graphic Presentation (1939 online book)
Color Use Guidelines for Mapping and Visualization
ColorBrewer Color Selection Tool
ColorBlender
Color Scheme Designer
Colors in ArcGIS Symbols (Esri)
Color Tools for Mapmakers (Esri)
color hunter
Color Pallete Generator
How to Design a Transit Diagram
Classic Cartographic Techniques in ArcMap
Map Coloring: The Big Picture
Making Maps and Map Construction (GEOG321 Penn State)
Making Maps Easy to Read
Mapcarte 365 Days of Map Design (ICA Commission on Map Design)
Mapcarte Thumbnails on Pinterest (ICA Commission on Map Design)
2012 Mountain Cartography Workshop
Project Linework
Visual-Literacy.org
Visualizing Information for Advocacy: An Introduction to Information Design (Open Society Institute Information Program)
Names on Maps
Type
The type chosen for maps enhances the readability of the map.
TypeBrewer
Typography (Wikipedia)
Map Typography
Type Legibility and Readability (About.com)
Choosing Fonts (About.com)
Cisalpin: The ideal typeface for cartography (Linotype)
Label Placement
Map labeling is a time-consuming task in map production.
Positioning Names on Maps - Eduard Imhof
Maplex (ESRI)
MapText, Inc.
Map Generalization
Map generalization is the process of reducing detail, grouping features, and adjusting the position of features to provide a more readily understandable map display.
Map Generalization and Classification (Making Maps)
Map Generalization (d'Alge)
ICA Commission on Generalisation and Multiple Representation
MapShaper
Shaded Relief
The Natural Earth (World Physical Map at 1.24KM Resolution)
Shaded Relief
Shaded Relief Archive
Digital Terrain Shading & Coloring (Oregon State University)
Relief Shading Website
Cartograms
Cartogram Central (NCGIA)
Cartogram (Wikipedia)
The Advantage of Cartograms - Dr. Dorling (Requires Real Player)
Early Cartograms (indiemaps.com)
Mapping Votes by County (style.org)
Images of the Social and Economic World (University of Michigan)
MAPresso - Free Cartogram Java Applet
ScapeToad - Free cartogram software
WORLDMAPPER
Sound Maps
Sound maps integrate audio information with map data.
Sound Mapping: A Primer
freesound project - geotagged sounds
Google Maps Sounding Off - Sound Maps
Sound Seeker
UK Sound Map
London Sound Survey
Sound Around You (University of Salford)
Aporee.org
Tactile Maps and Accessibility
Tactile maps are maps for the blind and those with low vision. The map information is conveyed by the textured surface of the map.
Tactile Maps and Graphics
Best Practice Guidelines for the Design, Production, and Presentation of Vacuum-Formed Tactile Maps
ICA Commission on Maps and Graphics for Blind and Partially Sighted People
TacMap (Sheffield)
Blind Audio Tactile Mapping System (University of North Carolina)
Tactile Map Automated Production (TMAP)
History
An understanding of the history of cartography will give you a better appreciation for the dramatic changes taking place in cartography today.
General
Map History/History of Cartography Gateway
Journals and Newsletters Relating to the History of Cartography
Learning Mapping History (British Library)
Images of Early Maps on the Web
The History of Cartography Project
The History of Cartography (University of Chicago Press)
The History of Cartography Tutorial
GIS Timeline (UCL)
Building Blocks in Cartography
Historical Topographic Maps (USGS)
Historical Map and Chart Collection (NOAA)
History of Geography
History of Surveying and Measurement (FIG)
National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS)
Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization 1950-1974)
the first thematic maps (indiemaps.com)
Spatial Innovators and Innovations Before 1980 (CSISS)
MapHist Discussion Group Web Page
Hermon Dunlap Smith Center for the History of Cartography
The History of Printing (University of Iowa Libraries)
Images of Early Maps on the Web
National and International Digital Projects Concerning Early Mapping
David Rumsey Historical Map Collections
Old Maps Online
e-Perimetron (Online Journal)
Map Collecting
International Map Collectors Society (IMCOS)
Map Collecting (Map History / History of Cartography)
An Annotated List of Reference Books for the Antiquarian Map Collector (Joel Kovarsky)
Web Resources for Map Collectors & Enthusiasts (Joel Kovarsky)
Topical
" MapAnalyst (software to analyze accuracy of old maps) (ETH Zurich)
Ancient World Mapping Center (University of North Carolina)
Centennia Atlas - Digital Historical Boundaries (Clockwork Software, Inc.)
Cartouches or Decorative Map Titles (David Rumsey Map Collection)
Eduard Imhof - Cartographer and Artist
Linguistic Geographies: The Gough Map of Great Britain
California as an Island - Glen McLaughlin Map Collection (Stanford University)
Life and Times of the London Underground Map
Animals on the Underground
A History of the London Tube Maps
The London Tube Map Archive
Tube Maps (Transport for London)
The World's Most Impressive Subway Maps
Design Around the World: Metro Maps
Panorama Maps
The World of H.C. Berann (Panorama artist)
Texas Bird's-Eye Views (Amon Carter Museum)
John Snow Archive and Research Companion (Michigan State University)
Dr. John Snow (UCLA)
Indian Spatial Concepts
Stories of the Dreaming (Indigenous Australia)
Spatial Innovators and Innovations Before 1980 (CSISS)
Road Maps: The American Way (University of Southern Maine)
Footpath to Freeway: The Evolution of Michigan Roadmaps
Petrol Maps
Going Places: A History of Google Maps with Street View
Traditional Navigation in the Western Pacific
Military Atlases (USMA History Department)
US Major Conflict Maps (Air Force)
U.S. Cloth Maps of Topography of Terror: Maps of the Warsaw Ghetto
U.S. Cloth Maps of World War II
U.S. Cloth Maps of Cane Maps
Roy Military Survey of Scotland, 1745-1755
Pathfinders & Passageways: The Exploration of Canada
The Vinland Map
A Handsome Atlas - Statistical Atlases of the USA Compiled in the Final Decades of the 19th Century
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